高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第三册Unit 4 Adversity and Course习题

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Unit 4  Period5 Using language(2)课时练习姓名：___________学号：_________得分：____________限时：45分单词填空。（每个1分，共10分）1. She has met the minimum educational requirements for q________（资质）2.The audience cheered him e_____________（热情的）. 3. The professor a_________ four chapters for this week. （布置了）4.How I dress up can have an impact on my c_________(公同的) image.5.The d __________(潮湿的) weather causes damage machines.6. Apart from the r_________(娱乐) center we also have a health club on the second floor.7. A growing number of people support the argument that it is c___________ (残忍的)of human beings to train animals to perform tricks for amusement.8. Though he is in his fifties, he seems never to lose his youthful v_________(活力).9.The main reason why I like this piece of f________(家具) that it suits the style of my house.10. B_______（蝙蝠） play an important role in the ecosystem, especially in controlling insects at night, but they are also carriers of some deadly viruses.【答案】1.qualification  2. enthusiastically    3.assigned  4.corporate   5. damp  6. recreation  7. cruel   8. vigor   9.furniture  10.BatsII．根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。（每个2.5分）What is the difference between happy people and unhappy people?   _____1____   Read the following list of things that HAPPY people do differently from UNHAPPY people and you will know. Well, I can tell you for sure that those people, who are really happy, FEAR less and LOVE a lot more. They see each moment, each challenge, each person as an opportunity to discover more about themselves and the world around them.  ____2____   Happy people understand that you can’t really change a situation by resisting it. But they can feel better by understanding that there might be a reason for its existence.   ____3____. But rather, they ask themselves questions like: What can I learn from this? How can I make this better?  They always seem to be pleasant and hopeful no matter what happens to them.They do the things they do because of the meaning it brings into their lives and because they get a sense of purpose by doing so.  ____4____ They care more about living a life full of meaning rather than, what in our modern society we would call, living a successful life. The fact here is that most of the time they get both, success and meaning, just because they choose to focus on doing the things they love the most.     ___5_____ They make sure that their actions bring meaning and happiness in the lives of many. They look for ways to give and to share the best of themselves with the world and to make other people happy.A. They have an ideal living and a balanced life.B. What are the things that these people do differently?C. They are kind to themselves and others and they understand the power of love. D. The things happy people do are not for themselves, but for the good of others.E. They are ready to embrace whatever lies in front of them.F. They understand that “Doing what you love is the most important for living a full life”.G. When something unpleasant happens to them, they don’t try to fight it, knowing that this will make the situation even worse.【答案】1-5： BEGFD【解析】快乐的人和不快乐的人之间的区别是什么？快乐的人和不快乐的人做的事情有什么区别？1. B。由前一句的疑问及后面的you will know可知，此处应该是接着的另一个问题。 2. E。本段是关于对外界事情快乐的人热爱多余恐惧，因此不管面对他们的是什么，他们都积极地面对。 3. G。快乐的人知道外在环境不一定会因为反抗就发生改变，因此当不愉快的事情发生时，他们不是与之抗争。 4. F。快乐的人做事情不是为了野心，钱或我们所谓的成功，而是因为自己真正的爱好，因此做自己真正喜欢的才是生活的意义所在。 5. D。快乐的人不自私，因为他们做的事情是为了他人而不是自己。III.完形填空。（每个1分）Molai grew up in a tiny village in India. The village lay near some wetlands which became his second   1   . He learned the value and beauty of    2    there from a very young age.When he was 16, Molai began to notice something    3    happening around his home. A flood had hit the area earlier that year and the    4    it caused had driven away a number of birds.    5   , the number of snakes had declined as well. He    6    that it was because there weren’t enough trees to protect them from the    7   . The solution, of course, was to plant trees so the animals could seek    8    during the daytime. He turned to the    9    department for help but was told that nothing would grow there. However, Molai went looking on his own and    10   a nearby island where he began to plant trees.   11    young plants in the dry season was    12   for a lone boy. Molai built at the   13    of each sapling(幼树)a bamboo platform, where he placed earthen pots with small holes to   14    rainwater. The water would then drip(滴落)on the plants below.Molai    15    to plant trees for the next 37 years. His efforts have resulted in 1,360 acres of naturally-grown land that has become home to many plants and animals.1．A．dream B．job C．home D．choice2．A．nature B．youth C．culture D．knowledge3．A．precious B．interesting C．disturbing D．awkward4．A．waste B．tension C．pain D．damage5．A．Besides B．However C．Therefore D．Otherwise6．A．agreed B．realized C．remembered D．predicted7．A．noise B．heat C．disease D．dust8．A．directions B．partners C．help D．shelter9．A．labor B．police C．forest D．finance10．A．rebuilt B．discovered C．left D．managed11．A．Decorating B．Observing C．Watering D．Guarding12．A．tough B．illegal C．fantastic D．beneficial13．A．back B．top C．foot D．side14．A．cool down B．keep off C．purify D．collect15．A．returned B．learned C．failed D．continued1--5．CACDA  6--10BBDCB  11-15.CABDD【分析】这是一篇记叙文。Molai在印度的一个小村庄长大。16岁的时候，一场洪水导致他的家园遭受巨大损失。树木的缺乏导致这些动物失去了遮蔽物，很多鸟儿离开，蛇类数量减少。Molai决定改变这一切，他经过努力，在附近找到了一个小岛，开始种树。在30多年的时间里，他的努力使1360英亩的天然土地成为许多动植物的家园。【解析】1．考查名词词义辨析。句意:这个村庄位于一些湿地附近，那里成了他的第二个家。A. dream梦想；B. job工作；C. home家；D. choice选择。根据空前的second可知，他出生的村庄是他的家，村庄附近的一些“湿地”成为了他的第二个“家”。故选C。2．考查名词词义辨析。句意:他从小就在那里了解到了大自然的价值和美丽。A. nature自然；B. youth青春，年轻；C. culture文化；D. knowledge知识。湿地展现了“大自然”的价值和美。故选A。3．考查形容词词义辨析。句意:16岁时，Molai开始注意到他的家周围发生了一些令人不安的事情。A. precious宝贵的；B. interesting有趣的；C. disturbing令人不安的，引起烦恼的；D. awkward尴尬的，笨拙的。该段后半部分提到:洪水侵袭，很多鸟儿离开，蛇的数量减少。这些情况都不正常，令人不安。故选C。4．考查名词词义辨析。句意:那年早些时候，一场洪水袭击了这个地区，洪水造成的损害赶走了很多鸟类。A. waste废物；B. tension紧张；C. pain疼痛，痛苦；D. damage损害，伤害。洪水侵袭这个地区，它会“损害”庄稼、树木，这些都会导致鸟儿们离开。故选D。5．考查副词词义辨析。句意:此外，蛇的数量也减少了。A. Besides此外，另外；B. However但是；C. Therefore因此；D. Otherwise否则。根据as well可知，洪水不仅导致很多鸟儿离开。而且，它还导致蛇的数量减少。故选A。6．考查动词词义辨析。句意:他意识到这是因为没有足够的树来保护它们免受炎热的影响。A. agreed同意；B. realized意识到；C. remembered记住，记起；D. predicted预测。Molai“意识到”鸟儿离开、蛇类减少是因为没有足够的树木。故选B。7．考查名词词义辨析。句意:他意识到这是因为没有足够的树来保护它们免受炎热的影响。A. noise噪音；B. heat热；C. disease疾病；D. dust尘土。根据常识可知，树木可以提供阴凉，从而保护鸟类和蛇类免受炎热的影响。故选B。8．考查名词词义辨析。句意:当然，解决的办法是种树，这样动物们就可以在白天寻找栖身之处。A. directions方向；B. partners伙伴，合作伙伴；C. help帮助；D. shelter遮蔽，庇护，遮蔽物。树木可以给动物们提供“遮蔽”。故选D。9．考查名词词义辨析。句意:他向森林部门求助，但被告知那里什么也不长。A. labor劳动；B. police警察；C. forest森林；D. finance财政，金融。根据前一句中的“The solution, of course, was to plant trees”可知，Molai想要种树，所以他应该向“森林”部门求助。故选C。10．考查动词词义辨析。句意:然而，Molai自己去看了看，发现了附近的一个岛屿，他开始在那里种树。A. rebuilt重建；B. discovered发现；C. left离开；D. managed设法做成。根据前面的”looking on his own”可知，他自己去看，那么接下来就应该是他”发现”了一个小岛。故选B。11．考查动词词义辨析。句意:对一个孤独的男孩来说，在旱季给幼苗浇水是很困难的。A. Decorating装饰；B. Observing观察到；C. Watering浇水；D. Guarding守卫。该段后半部分叙述的是Molai想尽办法收集水的努力。再结合该句中的“the dry season”可知，在旱季给幼苗“浇水”很难。故选C。12．考查形容词词义辨析。句意:对一个孤独的男孩来说，在旱季给幼苗浇水是很困难的。A. tough困难的；B. illegal非法的；C. fantastic极好的；D. beneficial有益的。根据该段后半部分的叙述可知，Molai想尽办法收集雨水，由此推知，旱季缺水，给幼苗浇水很“难”。故选A。13．考查名词词义辨析。句意:Molai在每棵树苗的顶端都搭建了一个竹子平台，在那里他放置了带有小洞的陶罐来收集雨水。A. back背部；B. top顶端；C. foot脚；D. side一边，一侧。根据该段最后一句“The water would then drip on the plants below”可知，水滴在下面的植物上。由此推知，竹子平台应该在每棵树苗的”顶端”。故选B。14．考查动词(短语)辨析。句意:Molai在每棵树苗的顶端都搭建了一个竹子平台，在那里他放置了带有小洞的陶罐来收集雨水。A. cool down冷却下来；B. keep off与……保持距离；C. purify净化，使纯净；D. collect收集。根据常识可知，陶罐是用来盛水的。由此可知，他将陶罐放到竹子平台上“收集”雨水。故选D。15．考查动词词义辨析。句意:在接下来的37年里，Molai继续种树。A. returned返回；B. learned学会；C. failed失败；D. continued继续。根据后一句可知，他的努力使1360英亩的天然土地成为许多动植物的家园。由此推知，在接下来的37年里，他“继续”种树。故选D。V:语法填空 （根据语法规则完成短文；每个1.5分）It was easy for us 1___________（imagine） the danger ahead of Shackleton. For us，2__________（stay） alive took all our time and energy. There were no trees 3__________（grow） on Antarctica and no oil，so we had to burn animal fat. 4________________ meat of sea creatures was what we had all，we would all starve if it 5__________（be） not for sea animals. The sweat could freeze very 6__________（quick） and we had to be careful not to go outside too often. Our discipline and team spirit kept us 7__________（optimism） and helped us deal with our fears 8__________ a positive and successful way. Our optimism and faith in Shackleton had helped us persevere in staying alive. And he paid us back by his 9_____________（commit） to save us from a slow 10__________ painful death. 【答案】1.to imagine  2. staying  3.growing  4.Though/Although  5.were 6. quickly  7.optimistic  8. in  9.commitment  10.but