人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 5 Working the Land课后测评

2020-2021学年高中英语新教材同步备课（人教版选择性必修第一册）

Unit 5 Working the land—Period 1 Reading & Thinking

课后练习（原题版）

含本单元词汇练习+语言运用+阅读套题

词汇运用：用所给单词的适当形式补全句子，每题1.5分，共计15分。

1. In November the temperatures drop and the days __________(short). 
2. People would benefit __________(great) from a pollution-free vehicle.
3. It is hard__________(estimate) how many children suffer from dyslexia(阅读困难症)
4. Domestic violence is a regular __________(occur) in some families. 
5. But the more fundamental question is what happens __________(domestic). 
6. Gas and oil __________(consume) always increases in cold weather. 
7. The downside of my celebrity is that I cannot go anywhere in the world without _________(recognize). 
8. Despite the recession the company is confident of further__________(expand). 
9. According to recent study, taking antioxidants (抗氧化物质）rich food demonstrates significant effect for anti-fatigue and stress __________(alleviate). 
10. Keep your __________(digest) working well by eating plenty of fibre.

语言运用(共两节，满分35分)

第一节：完型填空(共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分)。

How Running Helped Me Turn My Life Around

I've never been an athlete. Aside from excelling at all academic disciplines at school, my main goal was to  1  PE at all costs. In my twenties, I went for an occasional yoga or Zumba class, but that was really the summary of all my athletic accomplishments.

That was until the end of 2016, when I was unexpectedly laid off. The  2  of getting a new job soon were not in my favor and  3  thoughts of not being good enough started to kick in. I was feeling quite depressed but pushed myself to go and  4  for the TCS NYC Marathon runners as the course was going through our neighborhood.

However, while being there, I got phenomenal   5  from all the runners, smiling, applauding and high-fiving constantly. Not a runner myself, I thought maybe I could give running a   6  , just to try, to use my neglected gym membership and see where it   7   me. And so I tried. I went to my local gym the next morning and got on a treadmill (跑步机). I was out of breath by minute five, but I   8  down, walked for a bit and then restarted. I came back the next day, hoping to   9   a few minutes longer. By the end of two weeks, I could run for 30 minutes, which was a huge   10   .

While I saw my body starting to look more toned, I also noticed my negative thoughts didn't occur that  

   11   . And it sparked a thought-what if I could set a running   12   and sign up for my first-ever race? I did and races sort of became a new hobby.

In the meantime, I was able to   13   a few freelance（自由职业的）projects. They offered me a good   14  , and most importantly, the time to work out for the big race. Also, when I was going for interviews, I started to feel very   15   in my abilities, experience and skills.

I got my full-time job   16   at my dream company just a couple of weeks before the half- marathon. Although I got an   17   from over training right before the race, I still went for it and still finished within my   18   time.

I still have a long running   19   ahead of me-I'd love to work on my speed, my technique and I

dream of running a marathon outside of the US. Running gives me   20   that I can do anything I set my mind to.

1.A.attend   B.avoid   C.pursue    D.postpone

2.A.options  B.plans   C.hopes   D.odds

3.A.dark   B.deep   C.critical   D.random

4.A.call   B.look   C.cheer   D.stand

5.A.sympathy  B.pleasure   C.luck   D.energy

6.A.lift    B.shot    C.break   D.choice

7.A.meets  B.leaves   C.takes   D.drops

8.A.came.  B.fell   C.went   D.slowed

9.A.last   B.walk    C.rest   D.function

10.A.credit   B.impact   C.success   D.opportunity

11.A.readily   B.frequently  C.normally   D.occasionally

12.A.goal   B.limit   C.record   D.standard

13.A.create  B.secure   C.approve  D.continue

14.A.service  B.position  C.future   D.income

15.A.absorbed  B.interested   C.confident   D.confused

16.A.offer   B.permit   C.schedule  D.application

17.A.award   B.honor   C.injury   D.issue

18.A.appointed  B.expected   C.original   D.spare

19.A.show  B.route   C.distance  D.journey

20.A.faith  B.consideration  C.evidence  D.guidance

第二节：语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

A

During my childhood, whenever the sun dropped and the blue sky came up, my father and I would climb the mountain near our house. Walking together, we had a lot of conversations through   21   I learned many valuable lessons. He always stressed to me, "You should have objectives and capacity like the mountain." This has   22   (large) influenced my life.  23   the mountain-climbing, we couldn't have had enough time to spend together because my father was busy.

B

You have probably dreamed about  24  you would change the world, only to find that it seems impossible. However, you may have the power  25  (make) the world better with baby steps. That's the idea behind the BA Challenge, which is a public service campaign co-initiated by Alibaba and SinaWeibo. It asks people to do something positive and then record the changes before and after. Since its first

  26  (appear) on Sina Weibo on Sept.24, the BA Challenge has attracted millions of viewers and participants.   27   these little things may be easily ignored in our daily lives, they are well received by many viewers.

C

There's nothing better than flying to a foreign destination to visit the attractions it   28   (have) to offer. Millions of people are doing the same, and why not? The world has an amazing variety of must-see sights, from breathtaking natural scenery to impressive old cities. But the problem is that too many of us

  29  (visit) them at the same time, putting pressure on these delicate and ancient places. That's why a number of beauty spots and historic sites have been introducing charges or restrictions on the number of tourists. There are many reasons for this: to reduce overcrowding, to manage wear and tear on old buildings and to tidy up the mess   30   (leave) behind.

第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)

第一节  (共15小题：每小题分，满分37.5分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

When we take a selfie with our friends, the taller friend often needs to squat (蹲下) down to be captured (捕捉) by the camera; but a short friend will have to struggle to stay in frame (画面). Despite this occasional problem, humans pretty much fall within a normal height range and everyone usually manages to get in the selfie.
 Chinese men are, according to World Data, on average 1.71 meters tall, while women are typically 1.59 meters. What stops us from exceeding (超过) these heights?
 According to a study from Harvard University, the human height range is a result of evolution. “Height is not just about height,” Terence D. Capellini, a human evolutionary biologist at Harvard University, told Popular Science. “It’s about the overall biological growth of an organism (有机体), at least in humans.” Over millions of years, natural selection has influenced the way our organs grow and therefore the way our bodies grow too.
 In general, the genes that are responsible for organ growth are quite active in infants (婴儿), causing them to grow rapidly. But as children get older, the genes slow down. Eventually, as they enter late adolescence (青春期), the genes turn off and teenagers reach their adult height.
 According to the study, these growth genes account for 70 to 80 percent of our height. The other factors that determine height are some environmental factors like proper nutrition and modern healthcare. An example of an environmental factor is when a child doesn’t get the nutrition he or she needs: The child is less likely to reach the average height.
 Many people would like to be taller than they are, but is that necessarily good for them? 
 Maybe not, Popular Science reported. As the growth genes mutate (变异) and stay active even in late adolescence, some people who grow quickly can have health problems.
 For example, being very tall can put excessive (过多的) pressure on the heart. It can mean that the heart doesn’t properly circulate (循环) blood around the body in some tall people, which can cause heart failure. Bone disease is another side effect of being very tall. Take Robert Wadlow from the US as an example. At 2.71 meters, he is one of the tallest persons in history. He suffered from such serious bone diseases that he needed leg braces (支架) to help him walk. He died at the age of 22 from an infection caused by his leg braces.
 For this reason, researchers suggest that good nutrition and healthcare are the best way to grow to a tall but healthy height, not gene interventions (干预).

31. What makes most people stay within certain standard height limits, according to the study from   Harvard University?
     A. Food shortages.     B. Natural selection.
     C. Unhealthy lifestyles.    D. Climate change.
32. What can we infer from Capellini’s words?
     A. The environment can greatly change human genes.
     B. Environmental factors have more effect on height than genes.
     C. Our height is closely related to organ growth.
     D. Our organs grow more slowly than our height.
33. According to Popular Science, very tall people are more likely to have ______. 
     A. heart disease  B. sleep problems  C. blood diseases  D. nutrition problems

B

We all know the value of taking a walk in the fresh spring weather. It allows your mind to relax and forget about the problems in everyday life. Studies have commonly shown the benefits of being around green spaces, including gardens, urban parks and forests.
 But did you know that being in contact with these natural surroundings during childhood could positively impact (影响) your mental health as an adult?
 A study by the Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal) surveyed 3,600 people from all over Europe, including Spain, the Netherlands, Lithuania and the UK.
 The all-adult study gave participants a questionnaire (问卷) on how frequently they used natural spaces during childhood – for example, playing in a garden, riding a bike at the park or hiking in a forest. They were also asked about the importance they put on using such places.
 Volunteers were then given a psychological (心理的) test, which included a variety of questionnaires and problem-solving activities, to analyze their nervousness and feelings of depression (抑郁) within a four-week period.
 The results consistently showed that the people who were more exposed (暴露的) to natural spaces had higher mental health scores compared to those with lower childhood exposure – as did those who attached higher importance to using green spaces.
 The study’s coordinator (协调员), Wilma Zijlema, wrote that the results “show the importance of childhood exposure to natural spaces for the development of a nature-appreciating attitude and a healthy psychological state in adulthood”. She also stressed the importance of “recognizing the implications (含义) of growing up in environments with limited opportunities for exposure to nature”.
 According to the study, 73 percent of Europe’s population only has limited access (接触机会) to natural spaces. Mark Nieuwenhuijsen, director of ISGlobal’s Urban Planning, said that “Many children in Europe lead an indoor lifestyle … so we call on policymakers to improve the availability (可得性) of natural spaces for children.”
 While this study was based in Europe, a lack of green space can affect anyone, anywhere. So remember to make time to immerse yourself in nature, as your mental health is just as important as the physical one.

34. What was the purpose of the ISGlobal’s walking study?
     A. To examine the advantages of taking a walk.
     B. To understand the mental health problems of children.
     C. To see how childhood experiences shape adult life.
     D. To study the influence of childhood exposure to natural spaces.
35. What do we know about the study?
     A. The participants included both children and adults.
     B. The participants were from all over the world.
     C. It consisted of a questionnaire and a psychological test.
     D. It focused on the participants’ physical health state.
36. What do Paragraphs 7-8 mainly talk about?
     A. The results of the study.
     B. The value of the study.
     C. The method of the study.
     D. The process of the study.
37. What does the underlined word “immerse” in the last paragraph probably mean?
     A. lose oneself in something
     B. understand something
     C. protect against something
     D. imagine doing something

C

Queen Elizabeth II has led Great Britain through many tough times throughout her 68-year sovereignty (在位). But never, during her reign (统治), has an issue disrupted the British public as much as the current pandemic of coronavirus.
 By April 6, the UK had had 47,806 confirmed cases. Among them, crucially, is British Prime Minister Boris Johnson, who has recently been hospitalized. With the country entering its peak infection period, the Queen made only her fifth televised address to the nation, aside from her annual Christmas broadcast, on April 5. The four other times she has made such an address have been to mark the Gulf War, the death of Princess Diana of Wales, the death of her mother and her Diamond Jubilee (登基六十周年纪念).
 According to Jonny Dymond, the BBC’s royal correspondent (通讯记者), “The Palace could have played it safe, stressed unity and given thanks. But this [speech] was … designed to reassure (重拾信心) and inspire.”
 In her pre-recorded statement, the Queen focused on the dedication (奉献) of her subjects. “We have seen heart-warming stories of people coming together to help others, be it through delivering food parcels and medicines, checking on neighbors, or converting (转变) businesses to help the relief effort.”
 As well as thanking front line workers, she pushed a message of comfort and motivation. “Together, we are tackling this disease, and I want to reassure you that if we remain united and resolute, then we will overcome it.”
 “We should take comfort that while we may have more still to endure, better days will return: we will be with our friends again; we will be with our families again; we will meet again.”
 Following the speech, people throughout the country voiced their admiration for her moving words.
London Mayor Sadiq Khan praised the Queen’s focus on front line health-care workers, and councilor (议员) Oliver Cooper wrote, “Nobody could have rallied (振作) the country, the Commonwealth, and the world the way the Queen did.”
 Some internet users even shared how they cried after the speech, while others wrote the words of the national anthem (国歌), God Save the Queen.
 Indeed, the wisdom of Britain’s 93-year-old monarch (君主) offered hope to the millions of Britons under lockdown.

38. What role does the second paragraph play?
     A. To offer the latest information about the pandemic in the UK.
     B. To inform the reader of the Queen’s televised address.
     C. To explain why the address was delivered via television.
     D. To indicate the importance of the Queen’s recent speech.
39. What does the phrase “her subjects” in Paragraph 4 refer to?
     A. her family  
     B. the stories she told
     C. the topics in her speech
     D. the citizens under her rule
40. What are Paragraphs 7-9 mainly about?
     A. The focus of the Queen’s speech.
     B. The public’s reaction to the Queen’s speech.
     C. How the Queen delivered the speech.
     D. To whom the speech was addressed.

41. What can we conclude from the text?
 A. The UK has never experienced a tougher time.
 B. The palace should have played it safe.
 C. The Queen’s speech has served its purpose.
 D. The Queen was calling on the whole world to unite against coronavirus epidemic.

D

My husband came across the program from my father-in-law’s high school graduation, 90 years ago. It was the Class of 1928 and their class motto (格言) was “Build for character, not for fame.”
 I’m pretty sure society has done a full reverse on that one.
 These days, we have people who are famous for simply being famous. They haven’t done anything particularly impressive, but they do take great selfies.
 We are all obsessed with fame these days, mainly thanks to social media. All we want is for people to follow us, friend us, like us, or share our posts. We are nearly desperate for fame.
 “Build for character, not for fame,” is based on the assumption that one is looking up and ahead. That’s an encouraging idea, especially today, when most of us have our heads down, looking at the screens of our smartphones. Looking ahead and building for character takes thought and intentionality (意向性).
 One can be intentional in building for fame as well, but fame often relies heavily on the right timing and connections, as well as the creation of a base of fans and supporters.
 Character isn’t subject to the ideas of others. Character is built with self-discipline (自律), and a willingness to learn from difficulties. Character grows internally (内在地) and needs no applause.
 Fame depends on people looking at you, while character is who you are when no one is looking.
 Fame often comes with jealousy (嫉妒); a feeling that time is running out or that someone better than you is coming to steal your fans.
 Character is marked by feeling content and being generous. There is satisfaction that comes with the reward of achievements, but at the same time, good character willingly holds the door open for others who are also hoping to achieve.
 This commencement (毕业典礼) season, speakers will tell new graduates to get out there and build a better world.
The best way to build a better world is to build character, the kind that runs deep and can carry you through life’s storms.
 Build character with courage, justice (公正) and strength. Build character by respecting yourself and respecting others. Build character with kindness, hope and love. Build for character and you will build a better world.

42. The underlined phrase “has done a full reverse on” in Paragraph 2 probably means ______.
 A. has taken full advantage of
 B. has done the complete opposite to
 C. has made a good practice of
 D. has paid a lot of attention to

43. People’s desire for fame has a lot to do with ______.
 A. the rise of social media
 B. the impact of well-known stars
 C. their intention to make a difference
 D. their satisfaction with their achievements

44. In the author’s opinion, “building for character” requires people to ______.
 A. mind their behavior when being looked at
 B. connect with others at the right time
 C. look ahead and gladly accept other people’s advice
 D. behave themselves and readily learn from hardships

45. Why does the author value “building for character”?
 A. It inspires people to achieve more.
 B. It honors her family’s memory.
 C. It enables us to build a better world.
 D. It helps us gain respect from other people.

第二节(共5小题；每小题分，满分12.5分)

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

In 2017, the BBC documentary Spy in the Wild (《荒野间谍》) gave us a chance to look much more closely into the world of animals through the eyes of “animal spies”. 46. ___________ They “live” together with animals in order to record their lives.
 Returning for its second season, Spy in the Wild follows the tradition of the first season while introducing new cameras and robots. 47.__________ For example, a spy turtle can lay robot eggs, a spy squirrel can gather robot nuts, and monkeys can play with a spy snowball.
 In the new season, more than 50 spy robots are sent to study animals in all kinds of environments, from under the Pacific Ocean to the Arctic. 48.___________ They study the emotional connections that are shared between animals firsthand. For example, a spy penguin was accepted as part of a group in South Georgia Island. 49.____________“Quite accidentally, our spy creature is at the center of something special, capturing (捕捉到) emotions that have seldom been watched,” series narrator (旁白) David Tennant told CNET. 
 50.__________“The whole point is ... trying to get closer than we ever have before to capture those elusive (难以得到的) moments when they start to show the kind of emotions we have,”director John Downer told PBS. 

A. It won lots of praise from the audience. 
B. But these spies don’t just record everyday goings-on. 
C. These spies are actually robots with cameras that look like real animals.
D. With the help of these robots, these “animal spies” can do many things.
E. It uncovers how different we are compared to our animal cousins.
F. The documentary aims to record animal behavior that we would rarely see.
G. It watched on as penguin parents tried hard to make it home to feed their chicks.