人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 5 Working the Land巩固练习

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2020-2021学年高中英语新教材同步备课（人教版选择性必修第一册）第五单元Working the land—第四课时Reading for Writing课后练习（解析版） 第一部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节  (共15小题：每小题分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AI’m about to begin my fifth season of tree planting. Each year, around this time, I have mixed feelings about the job. Never have I loved a job so much while hating it with equal measure. Before a season, after living in the coziness of my home for the winter months, I begin to romanticize and desire the challenges of life in the bush. 
 I mainly plant trees on the coast of British Columbia and get paid between 25 and 45 cents a tree. The job can be profitable: It gives planters the opportunity to lead a roaming lifestyle, with a temporary obligation to spend a few months filling their bank accounts. But there are many challenges.
 In the early hours of the morning, we join our teams and travel along rough roads deep into the woodlands. During the ride, we prepare ourselves for the difficult challenges that lay ahead. 
 When stepping out of the trucks, often in the pouring rain, we’re faced with a steep chunk (块) of land that’s just been logged (砍伐). I step into the rain and fill my bags with hundreds of tiny trees. The conversations with my team become strategic with a few jokes to boost the mood. Seasoned tree-planters treat this more like a sport than a job, and competition fills the air.
 Once our bags are full, we suppress (抑制) any reluctance and charge up that hillside. We jump from log to log, and if they roll out from under our feet, we catch onto branches – or anything within reach – and swing (摇摆) around like monkeys. We push through stinging bushes. We stumble (跌跌撞撞) and fall constantly, always pushing ourselves to go faster among groups of insects that we often breathe in.
 While tree planting, I am confronted with someone else; a self I thought I knew. It is a person I try to come to peace with on those hillsides, during those strange days of isolation and deep thinking.
 Tree planting is a laboratory of self-examination and growth. You master your mind, confronting the worst and the best in your nature, pushing yourself as hard as you can. A new version of yourself awaits at the end of the experience.What can we know from the first two paragraphs?
 A. Tree planters can make a fortune from the job.
 B. The author is mainly addicted to the roaming lifestyle.
 C. Tree planting is a bittersweet job to the author. 
 D. The job is by no means tough to the author.【答案】C【解析】判断推理题，I have mixed feelings about the job. Never have I loved a job so much while hating it with equal measure.文中说到对种树这件事爱恨交加。所以答案为C。What do we know about tree planting?
 A. Helping teammates is a very important part of the job.
 B. The planters rarely talk to one another.
 C. Planters enjoy climbing the hillside.
 D. Planters are confronted with challenging conditions.【答案】D【解析】A选项排除，文中为提及；B选项排除，文中The conversations with my team become strategic with a few jokes to boost the mood.种树团队中的人们开玩笑来提高士气；C选项排除，we suppress (抑制) any reluctance and charge up that hillside.我们压抑住任何的不情愿，向山坡冲去。也就是说，劳动强度之大，使种树人要努力克服懈怠才行，所以C排除。According to the author, what is the main advantage of tree planting?
 A. It promotes harmony with nature.
 B. It enables one to explore a new self.
 C. It benefits your physical well-being.
 D. It expands one’s social network.【答案】B【解析】文章最后一段进行总结，每年一次的种树对作者来说就是一次发现和挑战自我的过程，ree planting is a laboratory of self-examination and growth. You master your mind, confronting the worst and the best in your nature, pushing yourself as hard as you can.答案为B，使人能发现一个新的自我。BMany young people are getting creative when it comes to incorporating (包含) their personal interests into their professions. Yi Cheng used to be an engineer at a State-owned company. In 2013, he changed his career path and became a scenario (场景) designer of escape room games, where one has to find secret clues and passwords within physical spaces in order to gain entry into the next room. It is a new entertainment activity for thrill seekers in China and has attracted a large number of young consumers.
 Later, he founded his own escape room company – Second World. Now, the brand has eight sites nationwide with stable revenue (收益). His favorite challenge is to design different suspenseful (悬疑的) scenes and passwords for entry to the various secret rooms.
 During the May Day holiday break, spending on new types of entertainment increased rapidly. Booking volumes (量) for escape room games in Shanghai surged 264 percent over the pr-holiday level, according to Meituan Dianping, an online consumption service provider.
 In recent years, those born in the 1980s and 1990s have taken up 90 percent of the new jobs in China’s emerging services sector. The development of the internet economy, which refers to an economy that is based on the use of digital technologies to conduct business via the world wide web, is also broadening the ambitions and horizons of many young entrepreneurs (创业者) in China.
 One such entrepreneur is Ke Xuan, who turned her passion for design into a career. Noticing the rise of hanfu among young Chinese women, she took a class centered around hanfu hairstyles, makeup and clothing, and became a full-time stylist in 2018 – an industry worth over $141 million (1.09 billion yuan).
“My goal is that more people will be able to accept the traditional culture of hanfu. Sometimes I even wear it when I travel abroad. This shows the confidence of our culture,” she said.
 Other groups of new professions, such as online restaurant decorators, pet photographers, and owners of bed-and-breakfast homestays, have sprung up (出现) alongside burgeoning (迅速发展的) industries and digital transformations in China.
 Internet-based recruiting (雇佣) platform Meituan Dianping attributes this rise to the increased demand for personalization. Their report said, “The stereotype (刻板印象) of low education, low skills and low income that were associated with those in the service industry is being transformed in new ways.”
 So, when considering what classes to take or what major to choose, remember the most lucrative (获利多的) and fun career could be based on your interests. 本文介绍了新兴职业让年轻人的就业更加多元化。Why is Yi Cheng’s change in career path mentioned in the text?
 A. To praise his entrepreneurship.
 B. To encourage reader to choose careers carefully. 
 C. To show a growing trend among young people’s career choices.
 D. To prove escape room games are very popular.【答案】C【解析】细节理解题，第一段为本文的主题段落，第一句为主题句：许多年轻人越来越有创造力，将个人兴趣融入他们的职业，下文举例说明将个人兴趣发展为自己职业的成功案例。所以答案为C。What does the underlined word “surged” in Paragraph 3 mean?
 A. increased sharply      
 B. remained steady
 C. reduced quickly      
 D. developed slowly【答案】A【解析】词义猜测题，根据后面的比例264 percent over the pr-holiday level,比假日前增长了264%，所以是“飙升”AWhich is true about Ke Xuan?
 A. She is passionate about design.
 B. She is dreamed of traveling abroad.
 C. She taught herself to be a stylist. 
 D. She started an international business. 【答案】A【解析】细节理解题，A选项在文中有明确说明，B选项排除，在提及去国外旅行话题时，文中为Sometimes I even wear it when I travel abroad. 即使去国外旅游也穿汉服；C选项排除，文中提到她去上课学习如何设计；D选项排除，她开始的是电商，Internet business,不是international business。所以答案为A。What has led to the rise of various new professions, according to Meituan Dianping?
 A. The lower requirements for these professions.
 B. The fun associated with these professions.
 C. The growth of personalized needs.
 D. The pursuit of a different lifestyle.【答案】C【解析】细节理解题，文中说到：Internet-based recruiting (雇佣) platform Meituan Dianping attributes this rise to the increased demand for personalization. ...将这一增长归因于个性化需求的增加。CWhy do mosquitoes buzz (嗡嗡叫) in your ears? They can’t help it. Mosquitoes’ wings make that annoying buzz whenever they fly.
 Both male and female mosquitoes buzz, but you probably won’t notice the noise of the males, because they don’t desire your blood. They stay away from your ears, eating nectar (花蜜), while the females come to annoy you.
 Scientists have discovered that buzzing is to help mosquitoes find suitable mates. Since female mosquitoes are larger, they move their wings more slowly. Males can recognize the distinctive pitch (音高) of the females’ buzz. Louis M. Roth, who studied yellow fever mosquitoes for the US Army during World War II, noticed that males ignored females whenever the females were quietly resting, but when the females were flying, and therefore buzzing, the males wanted to mate (交配) with them. The males even reacted to recordings of female mosquitoes.
 Scientists discovered what made the sound. It’s not actually caused by the wings flapping. There’s an organ at the base of the wings that makes the sound when the wings move.
 It wasn’t until more recently that researchers Gabriella Gibson and Ian Russell discovered that mosquitoes actually change their buzz to “sing” to each other before they mate. When males and females fly nearby, they change the pitch of their buzz to match each other, and if they match well enough, they mate.
 As scientists learn more about why mosquitoes buzz, they can possibly keep them from mating. Fewer mosquitoes mean fewer mosquito bites, and fewer diseases being spread. Researcher Lauren Cator suggests that if scientists can make sterile (不生育的) male mosquitoes who “sing” to females just as well as fertile males, the females will choose the sterile males, and won’t produce fertile eggs.
 There are also some myths about the mosquitoes you hear buzzing in your ears. Some people say that mosquitoes that buzz, don’t bite. Indeed, as long as they’re buzzing, they’re flying, so they won’t bite you. But once they land, look out.这是一篇科技类说明文，介绍了科学家们发现的雌雄蚊子的嗡嗡声的区别和作用，并且提到研究者希望利用这一点来降低蚊子的数量。According to the text, people seldom notice male mosquitoes when they buzz because ______.
 A. their buzz is too low to be noticed
 B. they don’t buzz when they bite
 C. they avoid humans and feed on nectar
 D. they prefer to stay in the dark【答案】C【解析】根据第二段“because they don’t desire your blood. They stay away from your ears, eating nectar”可知，雄蚊子吸食花蜜，雌蚊子才吸血，选C。What did Louis M. Roth discover from his research?
 A. Male mosquitoes move their wings slower.
 B. Quiet female mosquitoes are more attractive to males.
 C. A mosquito’s wing beat is responsible for its buzz.
 D. Male mosquitoes are attracted by a female’s buzz.【答案】D【解析】题干问的是Louis M. Roth的发现，因此答案定位在第四段。根据第四段“The males even reacted to recordings of female mosquitoes”可知，雄蚊子被雌蚊子的嗡嗡声所吸引，甚至会对雌蚊子嗡嗡声的录音              有反应，因此选D。Before mosquitoes mate, they ______.
 A. buzz at a high pitch to each other   
 B. change and match their buzz
 C. dance with each other in mid air     
 D. fly in opposite directions【答案】B【解析】根据第六段“When males and females fly nearby, they change the pitch of their buzz to match each other, and if they match well enough, they mate”可知，雌雄蚊子相互飞近的时候，会调整嗡嗡声的音高，如果              音高相匹配，它们就会交配，因此选B。Lauren Cator hopes the research on the buzz of mosquitoes can help people ______.
 A. cure some deadly diseases
 B. control the mosquito population
 C. tell different mosquito species apart
 D. change the way mosquitoes communicate【答案】B【解析】题干问的是Lauren Cator的希望，答案定位在第七段，可知Lauren希望通过人工干预使不生育的雄蚊子对雌蚊子唱歌，这样交配不会生卵从而减少蚊子的数量，答案选B。D
 Each year around Tomb Sweeping Day, or Qingming Festival, villagers busy themselves picking leaves at tea gardens in southern China.
 You may have already known this tea tradition, because tea is China’s favorite drink. You may be surprised, however, that the UK also has tea traditions.
 The UK has been in love with tea since the 17th century, when merchants first brought it to the country. Its popularity has never waned (减少). According to the Tea and Infusions Organization, the average British person drinks more than 900 cups a year.
 In demographic (人口特性的) terms, Britain is quite varied. There are significant differences between people according to region, ethnicity (种族) and age. But a very basic difference – social difference – is reflected in the ways that people drink tea.
 When people think of the UK and tea, they generally have an image of the upper class in their heads. They imagine finely dressed ladies and gentlemen, sitting down with tiny sandwiches, drinking from delicate porcelain (瓷器) cups, with their pinkie fingers raised.
 This is known as “afternoon tea”. It definitely (绝对地) happens, but it only involves a small minority of the nation’s people. Most tea is drunk by the working population. These people enjoy tea at their jobs, not while they are at their leisure.
 Nor do they drink the same kind of tea as the ladies and gentlemen in the posh (豪华的) hotels. Manual workers (体力劳动者) drink what is known as “builder’s tea”. The tea bag is left to “stew (焖)” in the mug (not cup) for a long time. It will usually be heavily sweetened, perhaps because sugar is a source of energy – and people at work always need energy.
 There are many British tea traditions. “Afternoon tea” and “builder’s tea” are only two ways that British people enjoy tea. No matter what kind of tea people drink, nor where people drink it, all tea-drinking in the UK has a kind of ritual (仪式的) significance.
 Almost all British people would agree that tea is the first part of solving a problem. When trouble arises, someone will invariably say, “Let’s put the kettle on.” Nothing looks bad when you have a warm cup – or mug – of tea in your hands. As English actor Arthur Wing Pinero put it, “Where there’s tea, there’s hope.”What do we know about tea drinking in the UK?
 A. Its history dates back to the 18th century.
 B. British people enjoy tea in different ways.
 C. Afternoon tea is gaining popularity in the country.
 D. An average British person drinks a cup of tea every day.【答案】B【解析】根据“There are many British tea traditions. ‘Afternoon tea’ and ‘builder’s tea’ are only two ways that British people enjoy tea.”可知B正确。A选项应为17世纪。文章只说到英国只有一小部分人喝下午茶，C选项              错误。D选项未提及。What is builder’s tea?
 A. It is a delicate tea for people at leisure.
 B. It is a sweet tea drunk at dinner for energy.
 C. It is made by workers and served in posh hotels.
 D. It’s a type of tea commonly drunk by workers at their jobs.【答案】D【解析】根据文章第六段可知，builder’s tea是一种工人们在工作时经常喝的茶，故答案为D。Arthur Wing Pinero’s words are mentioned to _______.
 A. express his great love for tea
 B. show British tea has a long history
 C. stress that drinking tea makes people work harder
 D. show that drinking tea has special meaning to British people【答案】D【解析】本题答案定位至最后一段。通读可知，喝茶在英国是很常见的解决问题的开始，人们遇到麻烦时都会喝茶，就像Arthur Wing Pinero 所说“Where there’s tea, there’s hope.”，有茶在的地方就有希望，故D选项正确。What is the text mainly about?
 A. Tea drinking culture in the UK.
 B. The difference between Chinese tea and British tea.
 C. How tea drinking influences the lives of British people.
 D. British tea traditions among different social classes.  【答案】A【解析】通读文章可知，本文介绍了英国茶的历史，喝茶的方式，以及喝茶对于英国人生活的重要意义，故答案A最合适。       第二节(共5小题；每小题分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Art, to many, is a kind of human expression of creativity. But in recent years, you may have read news about artificial intelligence (AI) creating its own art, such as painting or writing poems. Some people worry that AI might someday replace artists.
 16. _________________ Many artists today are turning AI into a useful tool. Instead of replacing artists, AI is bringing artists more possibilities.
 A piece of music created by AI recently attracted attention. AI was used to turn the novel coronavirus into a piece of nearly two-hour long music based on its protein structure. The project was led by Markus Buehler, an American musician and MIT professor of engineering. He assigned (指定) a unique note to each amino acid (氨基酸) in the protein. 17. _________________
 Listeners found the project to be “mind-blowing”. “It allows me to see the virus from a new angle,” said one listener. 18. _________________ As The Verge wrote, “AI helps artists play around in unpredictable ways, creating things beyond what they have ever thought was possible before.”
 19. ________________ For example, in the comic and animation industries, there are now AI tools that can automatically (自动地) color in black-and-white line drawings. Although the results can be unpredictable and require a little cleanup, it “could give artists room to experiment, by cutting down the time it takes to color each frame (画面)”, said Joao Do Lago, animator of Netflix’s Castlevania.
 As Peter Ward wrote for The Culture Trip, art of every kind has always been influenced by technological breakthroughs. 20. _______________ if it’s welcomed and not unjustly feared.   A. The AI then translated these notes into music.
B. AI can become a useful tool to bring change to the art world.
C. AI has become an important part of our everyday life.
D. But this worry seems to be unnecessary, at least for now.
E. Besides the music industry, AI has entered the world of poetry as well.
F. Apart from co-creating imaginative works, AI can also take care of repetitive tasks for artists. 
G. This surprising marriage between science and art could not be achieved without AI.16. 【答案】D【解析】根据后文提示，Instead of replacing artists, AI is bringing artists more possibilities.AI为艺术家们带来了更多表现的可能性。17. 【答案】A【解析】这一段描述了AI进行音乐创作的一个试验，根据上文提示，He assigned (指定) a unique note to each amino acid (氨基酸) in the protein. 他为每一个蛋白自中的氨基酸配了一个特定的音符，然后AI就把这些音符组成音乐。所以答案为A。【答案】G【解析】上下衔接句，听众发现这个项目“动人心弦”。“它让我从一个新的角度看待病毒，”一位听众说。没有人工智能，科学和艺术之间的惊人结合是无法实现的。正如Verge所写，“人工智能帮助艺术家们以不可预知的方式创造出他们以前从未想过可能的东西。”【答案】F【解析】段首主题句，根据后文：例如，在漫画和动画行业，现在有人工智能工具可以自动为黑白线条图上色。这是不太需要技巧的的，重复性的工作，所以答案为F。【答案】B【解析】正如Peter Ward在《文化之旅》中所写的，各种艺术总是受到技术突破的影响。人工智能可以成为给艺术界带来改变的有用工具。如果它是受人欢迎的因为恐惧受到不公正的排斥。第二部分  写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节（满分15分）假如你是李华， 你向英国朋友Jim介绍你对有机农业的了解(organic farming),请你据此给Jim写一封邮件，开头和结尾已经给出，不计入词数。字数不少以100你更倾向于有机农业，至少说明三点原因希望Jim能回信告诉你英国的有机农业的情况及他的看法自行脑补...Dear JimGlad to hear from you.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Hope to hear from you as soon as possible. YoursLi Hua【参考范文】Dear JimLong time no see. How’s everything going? Recently I am interested in organic farming, which is very popular in China now. Organic farming is simply farming without using any chemicals, so organic products are very healthy. Though organic farming is time-consuming and painstaking, I think it preferable to chemical farming. Organic farming involves no chemicals, which benefits both our health and the environment. What’s more organic farmers use natural means to keep the soil rich. Crops grow in a healthy way so the crops, vegetables and fruit are more tasty and nourishing.What do you think of organic farming and how do you develop organic farming in Britain?Hope to hear from you as soon as possible.Yours第二节(满分25分)阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。It was a hot summer day. My dad and I were getting ready to go out for a ride on the boat. That’s when the phone call came, the call that made the bright, beautiful day a cold, dark, gloomy one.I had just put on my suit, shorts, and tank top, and packed my bag with sunscreen and everything else I would need for that day. I ran into my parents’ room to find dad. When I saw him on the phone, he was crying. I’d never seen my dad cry before. What possibly could have happened?“Max, I’m so sorry,” I heard him say. That’s when it hit me. I knew that Suzie had died.Max has been my dad’s best friend for years. Suzie, his daughter, had a rare disease that mainly affected her body. Her brain was OK. She knew what was going on; she knew that she had problems and was different than other kids. Once she told her dad that she wished she could die and be born in a different body. Yet although she couldn’t live a normal life, she was still happy.When Suzie and I were little, we spent quite a bit of time together. As we grew up, we grew apart. She lived in New York, and I lived in Midwest. When Suzie was ten she had to live in hospital. I sent her a Beanie Baby and she sent one back to me. About eight months before she died, Max gave us her number at the hospital and we talked at least twice a week until the end. Suzie was always so excited to talk to us and wanted to know every detail about my life. She wanted to know everything I did and everything I ate. In a way, she lived through me.Paragraph 1: After we found about her death, we____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________  Paragraph 2: Her funeral was very different from any funeral I’d ever been to.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________  【参考范文】After we found about her death, we made our plan to go to New York for the funeral. During the last talks on the phone we mentioned The Very Hungry Caterpillar again and again. We were both amused by the funny experience of a caterpillar. So before we set out, I went to search the book through the whole town. Luckily I made it.Her funeral meant so different from any funeral I’d ever been to. The grave and coffin were so small because Suzie was just a little girl. I hated God at that moment for him taking Suzie away. I took out the book and put it on the coffin with a bunch of white rose. I thought about the talks we had when she was in hospital. She was always curious about every detail of my life. She was ill but optimistic. We never talked about anything about her disease as if it hadn’t existed. She has gone with a deep impression in my mind.【点拨】那是一个炎热的夏日。我爸爸和我正准备出去坐船兜风。就在这时，电话打来了，这个电话让明媚的一天变得寒冷、黑暗、阴郁。 我刚刚穿上西装、短裤和背心，并在包里装上防晒霜和那天我需要的所有东西。我跑进父母的房间去找爸爸。当我看到他打电话时，他正在哭。我以前从未见过我爸爸哭。发生了什么？ “麦克斯，我很抱歉，”我听到他说。就在那时，我想到了。我知道苏西已经死了。 马克斯多年来一直是我爸爸最好的朋友。他的女儿苏西患有一种罕见的疾病，严重影响她的身体。她的大脑没问题。她知道发生了什么；她知道自己有问题，与其他孩子不同。有一次，她告诉父亲，她希望自己能死去，出生在另外一个身体里。尽管她不能过正常的生活，但她仍然很快乐。 苏西和我小的时候，我们在一起度过了相当长的时间。随着我们的成长，我们渐渐疏远了。她住在纽约，我住在中西部。苏西十岁时，她不得不住在医院。我送给她一个豆豆娃，她也给了我一个。大约在她去世前八个月，马克斯给了我们她在医院的电话号码，我们每周至少交谈两次，直到结束。苏西总是很兴奋能和我们聊天，想知道我生活中的每一个细节。她想知道我做的一切和吃的一切。在某种程度上，她通过我活着。第一段首句为当我们得知她的死亡时，我们计划去参加她的葬礼，作为她最好的朋友，我为她准备了特别的礼物。第二段首句为她的葬礼与我参加过的任何一个葬礼都不同。描述葬礼上人们的反应以及作者的一些回忆。