Unit 5 教学·知识细解码 同步讲解 【新教材】高中英语外研版（2019）选择性必修第二册

这是一份Unit 5 教学·知识细解码 同步讲解 【新教材】高中英语外研版（2019）选择性必修第二册，共3页。
1．drama n．戏剧，戏剧艺术→dramatic adj.巨大的；引人注目的；给人印象深刻的→dramatically adv.显著地；戏剧性地
2．subsequent adj.随后的；后来的→subsequence n．随后发生的事，后果→subsequently adv.后来，随后
3．multiply v．(使)大大增加，(使)倍增→multiplicatin n．乘；增加
4．explde v．突然增加；爆炸；突然发生→explsin n．爆炸；猛增
5．eclgy n．生态；生态学→eclgical adj.生态的；生态学的
6．cmpare v．比较；对比；比作→cmparisn n．比较
7．apparent adj.显而易见的；明白的；清楚的→apparently adv.据说；看来，似乎
8．vary v．(形状等)不同；改变→varius adj.各种各样的→variety n．多样性；多变性→variatin n．差异；变化
9．secure adj.稳固的，可靠的→security n．安全
10．greet v．打招呼→greeting n．问候，招呼
1．trap n．(捕捉动物的)陷阱，罗网，夹子；圈套；诡计
v．使落入险境；使陷入困境
①She had set a trap fr him and he had walked straight int it.
圈套
②They were trapped in the burning building.使陷入困境
③I wndered if it was an animal caught in a trap.陷阱
2．explde v．爆炸；爆破；爆裂；勃然(大怒)；大发(雷霆)；突然发生(危险)；突然爆发，迸发(感情)；突然增加
①There was a huge bang as if smene had explded a rcket utside.爆炸
②Suddenly Charles explded with rage.大发雷霆
③The ppulatin expldes t 40，000 during the turist seasn.
突然增加
Wrds and Phrases
eq \a\vs4\al(知识要点1) multiply v．(使)大大增加，(使)倍增；乘；(使)繁殖
(教材P50) Lse n the island, they did what rabbits d best—they multiplied rapidly and began eating the native vegetatin and digging hles, which caused sil ersin.
在岛上自由自在，它(兔子)们尽其所能——迅速繁殖，开始吃当地的植被并挖洞，造成水土流失。
[例1] The children are already learning t multiply and divide.
孩子们已经开始学习乘法和除法了。
[例2] Their prblems have multiplied since last year.
自去年以来，他们的问题倍增。
[造句] 在实验室里繁殖这些细菌是可能的。
It is pssible t multiply these bacteria in the labratry.
[知识拓展]
multiple adj. 多种多样的
multiple chice 多项选择
multiplicity n. 多种多样
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①The driver f the crashed car received multiple(multiply) injuries.
②We are all amazed at the multiplicity(multiply) f the nature.
eq \a\vs4\al(知识要点2) in turn轮流，依次；反过来
(教材P50) This in turn led t mre cats hunting the birds.
这反过来又导致更多的猫捕鸟。
[例1] The girls tk it in turn t wipe dwn the tables after meals.
女孩子们饭后轮流擦桌子。
[例2] The students were summned in turn t be interviewed.
学生依次被召入进行面试。
[造句] 反过来，这些也会影响你的工作效率。
This in turn will als have a negative impact n yur prductivity.
[知识拓展]
take turns t d sth./in(ding) sth.轮流做某事
It's ne's turn t d sth. 轮到某人做某事
take ne's turn 依次，轮到某人
by turns 轮流，依次
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①It's yur turn t recite(recite) the passage.
②We take turns t make /in making dinner.
＝We make dinner by turns(turn)．
[名师点津]
(1)in turn表示“轮流；反过来”，而in return (fr)则表示“作为(对……)的回报”。
(2)by turns和take turns中的turn用复数形式。
eq \a\vs4\al(知识要点3) decrease v．(使)减少；(使)变小 n．减少；降低
(教材P51) But althugh the virus caused the rabbit ppulatin t decrease frm 130，000 t arund 10，000, it als meant less fd fr the cats.
尽管病毒导致兔子数量从13万只减少到1万只左右，但也意味着猫的食物减少了。
[例1] This species f birds is decreasing in numbers every year.
这种鸟的数量在逐年减少。
[例2] There has been sme decrease in military spending this year.
今年的军费开支有所减少。
[造句] 人们应减少脂肪的摄入量。
Peple shuld decrease the amunt f fat they eat.
[知识拓展]
(1)decrease in sth.(在某方面)降低，减少
decrease t 减少到
decrease by 减少了
(2)n the decrease 在减少
(3)increase v．& n. 增加，提高
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①A lcal newspaper remarks that crime is n the decrease.
②The traffic accidents in the city decreased by 30% last year.
③The ppulatin f China has increased t abut 1.4 billin.
eq \a\vs4\al(知识要点4) trap vt.使困住；诱捕；诱骗；坑害 n．圈套；陷阱；诡计；夹子
(教材P51) In the 1980s, traps and dgs were used t catch the cats.
上世纪80年代，人们用陷阱和狗来捕猫。
[例1] We became trapped by the rising fldwater.
我们被上涨的洪水困住了。
[例2] We realized t late that we were caught like rats in a trap.
等我们发觉自己已成瓮中之鳖时已经太晚了。
[造句] 我不愿让他以为我是在给他设圈套。
I wuld hate him t think I'm trying t trap him.
[知识拓展]
(1)be/get trapped in 被困在……中
trap sb.int (ding) sth. 使某人陷入……的圈套；使上当
(2)fall int the trap f ding sth.
掉进……的陷阱
fall/walk int a trap 掉进陷阱
(3)set/lay a trap fr 为……设圈套
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①The shpkeeper trapped me int buying(buy) their pr quality milk.
②Dn't fall int the trap f investing all yur mney in ne place.
③The ld man was trapped in the burning huse at that mment.
eq \a\vs4\al(知识要点5) (教材P51)It turned ut that they develped an immunity t the virus, and their numbers explded nce again.
结果他们对病毒产生了免疫力，他们的数量再次激增。
(1)turn ut 结果是；证明是
[例1] Csgrave's frecast turned ut t be quite wrng.
科斯格雷夫的预测最后证明是大错特错。
[例2] Smetimes things dn't turn ut the way we think they're ging t.
有时事情并不像我们认为的那样发展。
[造句] 结果发现我认识那个中枪的人。
It turned ut that I knew the persn wh gt sht.
[知识拓展]
turn up 出现，到达；开大，提高，增加；找到，发现
turn ff 扭转(开关、水龙头等)，关掉(煤气、自来水等)
turn n (扭转开关)打开(自来水)，开(煤气、灯、电视等)
turn in 转身进入；交出
turn t (向某人)求助；注意；翻到(……页)
turn dwn (扭转形状等)调小(煤气等)，
关小，调小(收音机等的声音)；拒绝
turn ver 翻过来，翻转
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①The car was turned ver and the driver seriusly injured.
②Be calm and sit tight and everything will turn ut well.
③Please remember t turn ff all the lights when yu leave.
④She turned dwn every ffer f help.
[小片段填空]
The party was almst ver, but Jane still didn't turn up．Tm was very disappinted.He didn't knw why Jane didn't turn dwn his invitatin if she didn't want t cme.He turned ver the bttles n the tables, and the rest guests left the hall in shck.Tm turned ff all the lights in the hall, turning the hall int a wrld f darkness.N ne culd imagine hw upset he was!
(2)explde v．爆炸，爆发；激增；勃然大怒
[例1] They were clearing up when the secnd bmb explded.
他们在清理时第二颗炸弹爆炸了。
[例2] D yu fear that yu'll burst int tears r explde with anger in frnt f her?
你害怕在她面前突然大哭或勃然大怒吗？
[造句] 旅游季节人数暴涨至4万。
The ppulatin expldes t 40，000 during the turist seasn.
[知识拓展]
(1)explde with因(愤怒)而发作
explde int 爆发出……
explde int laughter 哄堂大笑
(2)explsin n. 爆炸；爆发；激增
explsive adj. 易爆炸的；爆炸性的
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①Are yu abut t explde with excitement?
②Stress can build up and explde int prblems.
③Highly explsive(explde) gas is naturally fund in cal mines.
eq \a\vs4\al(知识要点6) we v．应该做；对……负有……的义务；欠(债)；感激；归功于
(教材P51) ... but we humans we it t the island t give it a happy ending.
……但我们人类有义务给这个岛一个幸福的结局。
[例1] The cuntry wes billins f dllars t freign creditrs.
这个国家欠外国债权人数十亿美元。
[例2] The play wes much t French tragedy.
这部戏颇受法国悲剧的影响。
[造句] 他对我太好了，我永远也还不清这份人情。
He was s gd t me that I can never repay the debt I we him.
[知识拓展]
we sb.sth.欠某人某物
把……归功于……
wing t 由于
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①Owing(we) t the rain, they culd nt cme.
②He wes his gd health t his regular life.
③I we an aplgy t him.＝I we him an aplgy.
Sentence Patterns
eq \a\vs4\al(重点句式1) nr倒装句
(教材P50) Nr wuld they fail t imagine hw its native inhabitants, including ryal penguins, king penguins, and elephant seals, existed in perfect harmny with their natural habitat fr thusands f years.
他们也会去想象岛上的栖息动物，包括皇家企鹅、王企鹅和象海豹，是如何与自然栖息地和谐共存数千年的。
句式分析：本句是一个部分倒装句，nr置于句首，句子用部分倒装，因此wuld提前，表示“……也不”。
[例1] She has n experience in typing, nr des the skill interest her.
她没有打字经验，那种技术也引不起她的兴趣。
[例2] Yu can't cancel the cntract, nr can anybdy else.
你不能撤约，任何人都不能。
[造句] 他没再去过，也没写信致歉。
He never went again, nr did he write t aplgize.
[知识拓展]
s＋助动词/连系动词be/情态动词＋主语：意为“……也一样”，表示前面的情况也适合另一个人或物，此时该句为倒装句；s＋主语＋助动词/连系动词be/情态动词：意为“……确实如此”，表示词意前面的说法，此时该句不是倒装句。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①They finished their hmewrk，s did I.
②I like English.S des(d) Jack.
eq \a\vs4\al(重点句式2) it强调句
(教材P50) It's a tragic stry that began in 1810 when humans arrived n the island.
这是一个悲惨的故事，始于1810年人类来到岛上。
句式分析：本句是一个强调句，强调主语a tragic stry。
[例1] It was in May that yu can see this kind f flwer.
你在五月可以看到这种花。
[例2] It is science fictin that the by lves t read.
这个男孩爱看的是科幻小说。
[造句] 引起观众们兴趣的是这个年轻人怎样学会了五种外语。
It was hw the yung man had learned five freign languages that attracted the audience's interest.
[知识拓展]
(1)强调结构的陈述式为“It is (was) ＋ 被强调部分 ＋ that (wh)...”。该结构可用于强调主语、宾语、状语等，但不能强调谓语动词。该句式中用that或wh的区别是：当被强调的指人时，用that或wh均可；当被强调的不是指人时，则只能用that(注意不用which)。
(2)一般疑问句的强调结构就是将be提到句首，即使用“Is/Was it＋ 被强调部分 ＋that/wh...”。特殊疑问句的强调结构句型为“疑问词(Wh/What/When/Where/Why/Hw)＋is/was it that...”这样的形式。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①It was I wh/that saw Tm in the park this mrning.(强调主语)
②It is nt wh is right but what is right that is f imprtance.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．It was nly when I reread his pems recently that I began t appreciate their beauty.
2．If yu wn't g, neither will I.
3．Our prblems have multiplied(multiply) since last year.
4．Glbal measles deaths decreased by 78% during this perid.
5．I was trapped int telling(tell) the plice all I knew.
6．She wes her success t hard wrk.
7．This in turn attracts mre users and advertisers, and s n.
8．As a cnsequence, mst Christian huses f wrship are unfficial.
9．But he turned ut t be immature and irrespnsible.
10．Khartum has explded with anger at accusatins f blasphemy in the past.
Ⅱ.短语填空
turn ut；in cnsequence；in turn；cme up with；ut f cntrl
1．Nbdy thught that he had turned ut a great inventr.
2．Tuk came up with the idea fr the study while attending a lng lecture.
3．During arguments, that feeling can get ut f cntrl．
4．His death was ttally unexpected and, in cnsequence, n plans had been made fr his replacement.
5．This, in turn, puts them at higher risk f AIDS.
Ⅲ.课文语法填空
In 1810, humans arrived n Macquarie Island, they 1.unknwingly (unknwing) brught rats and mice, which quickly tk ver the island.They ate the birds' eggs and attacked any baby birds.T cntrl the rats and mice, cats 2.were brught(bring) t the island, 3.but cats develped an appetite fr the birds a surce f fd, rabbits were intrduced t the island.They multiplied rapidly and began eating the native vegetatin and digging hles, 5.causing(cause) sil ersin.The number f cats increased because rabbits prvided 6.plentiful(plenty) fd, 7.which led t mre cats hunting the birds.In the 1970s, the island became an 8.fficial(ffice) nature reserve.A virus was released and caused the rabbit ppulatin decreased.Then the cats had less fd and began killing birds.In the 1980s, traps and dgs were used 9.t catch(catch) the cats.With the departure f the cats, the muse and rat ppulatin increased.Rabbits develped an immunity t the virus and their number explded again.A prgramme is being carried 10.ut t tackle the prblem f the island.
教材
高考
1.The cats in cnsequence turned their attentin
—and their stmachs
—back t the native birds, killing up t 60，000 each year.
(2019·江苏卷)This belief in “pst­industrial sciety” has led thse cuntries t neglect their manufacturing sectr(制造业), with negative cnsequences fr their ecnmies.
2.It turned ut that they develped an immunity t the virus, and their numbers explded nce again.
(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)It turns ut that just lking at green，grwing things can reduce stress，lwer bld pressure，and put peple int a better md(情绪).
3.In the 1980s, traps and dgs were used t catch the cats.
(2019·天津卷) We succeed in ur field f specializatin and then becme trapped in it.
4.But althugh the virus caused the rabbit ppulatin t decrease frm 130，000 t arund 10，000, it als meant less fd fr the cats.
(2018·全国卷Ⅱ) This switch has decreased pllutin in the cuntry's majr lakes and reservirs and made drinking water safer fr peple.