人教版 (新课标)选修7&8Unit 4 Sharing课时训练

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Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1.Most people disagree with the __________(distribute) of schools in our city.

2.The new rules come into __________(operate) from next week.

3.The minister has retired from __________(politics) life and gone to live a quiet life.

4.It is really a privilege for me to work as_______interpreter in the company.

5.As is known, fresh air contributes_________health.

6.In order to help the pupils in mountainous areas, many citizens___________(donate) books to them last week.

7.______________ she needs help, she always asks me for advice.

8.At present, many schools in the countryside are in need _______ good teachers.

9.It is said that not the passengers but the driver________(be) responsible for the car accident.

10.The vase __________(purchase) at a high price turned out to be of little value.

答案：1.distribution

考查名词。句意：大多数人不赞同我们市的学校分布。根据空前的the和空后的of可知，空处要填名词形式distribution。

2.operation

考查词形转换。句意：新规定从下周起实施。come into operation“开始运行，开始工作”，为固定短语。

3.political

考查形容词。句意：部长从政治生活中退了下来，过上了平静的生活。分析句子结构可知，所填的词修饰名词life，所以填形容词形式。

4.an  

考查冠词。句意：对于我来说，在这个公司做一名口译员真是非常荣幸。interpreter的发音以元音音素开头，且此处表示泛指，所以用不定冠词an。

5.to  

考查动词短语。句意：众所周知，新鲜空气有助于健康。contribute to“有助于”。

6.donated

考查动词时态。句意：为了帮助山区的学生们，上周许多市民给他们捐赠了书。donate sth.to sb.“把某物捐赠给某人”，根据时间状语last week可知要用一般过去时。

7.Whenever/When  

考查状语从句。句意：无论何时(当)她需要帮助(时)，她总是向我寻求建议。根据句意可知，此处应用Whenever或when引导状语从句，表示“无论何时或当……时”。

8.of  

考查介词短语。句意：目前，许多乡村学校需要好老师。in need of…“需要……”，是固定用法。

9.is

考查主谓一致。句意：据说对那场车祸负责的是司机而不是乘客。not…but…连接的并列成分作主语时，谓语动词要遵循就近原则，即谓语与but后的成分在人称和数上保持一致，故谓语动词与the driver保持一致，因此填is。

10.purchased

考查非谓语动词。句意：花高价买的花瓶被证明不值钱。purchase与vase之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用过去分词作定语。

Ⅱ.单句改错

1.It’s not you but the interpreter that   are to answer for it.

2.Every year we donate many books   for the children in the remote mountain area.

3. It’s no need for you to worry about his safety.After all, he is

no longer a child.

4.This kind of tree is widely   distributing in our country.

5.He was injured in the accident and the doctor decided to operate  him immediately.

6.The equipment can be purchased   with your local supplier.

7.I don’t care about what others think.

8.She glanced shyly to  him and then lowered her eyes.

9.Some measures are needed to secure the farmland  to shifting sand.

10.Everyone should make a contribution to   protect  the environment.

答案：1.It’s not you but the interpreter that     to answer for it.

句意：对此负责的是口译人员而不是你。本句考查了主谓一致。由not…but连接两个主语，谓语的人称数应与but后的主语保持一致。

2.Every year we donate many books      the children in the remote mountain area.

句意：每年我们捐赠许多书给偏远山区的孩子们。donate sth. to sb.间接宾语sb.前应用to。

3.       no need for you to worry about his safety.After all, he is

no longer a child.

句意：你没有必要担心他的安全，毕竟他不是一个孩子。There is no need (for sb.) to do sth.(某人)没必要做某事。

4.This kind of tree is widely        in our country.

句意：这种树在我国广泛地分布。由句意可知，句子的主语与distribute之间存在被动关系，因此应用被动语态。

5.He was injured in the accident and the doctor decided to operate    him immediately.

句意：他在事故中受了伤，医生决定立即给他动手术。operate on sb. 给某人动手术。

6.The equipment can be purchased       your local supplier.

句意：这种设备可从您当地的供应商那里购买到。purchase sth. from sp. /sb. 从某地/某人那里购买某物。

7.I don’t care about what others think.

句意：我不在乎别人的想法。care about关心，在乎。带从句时不需要介词about。

8.She glanced shyly     him and then lowered her eyes.

句意：她羞涩地看了他一眼，随即垂下了眼帘。glance at瞥一眼，看一下。

9.Some measures are needed to secure the farmland      shifting sand.

句意：需要采取措施防止农田变成沙地。secure…from…保护……免遭……

10.Everyone should make a contribution to        the environment.

句意：每个人都应当为保护环境作贡献。make a contribution to对……作贡献。to 为介词，其后应接名词，代词或v.-ing形式。

Ⅲ.阅读理解

(2016·湖南浏阳一中高二调研)There’s nothing like experiencing history to understand it. So instead of reading about the U.S.Civil War in textbooks, some schoolchildren in Virginia are taking a hands on approach to learning about what happened in their area. They are creating videos related to the conflict, in which the northern Union and southern Confederate States fought over slavery, from 1861~1865.

In one scene children act two Union generals, meeting at the Rapidan River in central Virginia. The 12 and 13yearolds are producing a mini-video or vodcast on the key role temporary pontoon bridges(浮桥) played during the war. Shane Lohr, who played one of the generals, learned the bridges provided big advantages for the armies because they could set   them   up quickly.

“They took horses and all the soldiers across the bridge, and once everyone crossed it they took it apart and brought it with them,” Lohr said.

The scene is in one of several videos relating to the Civil War being produced by local schoolchildren.The project is sponsored by the Journey Through Hallowed Ground, which raises awareness of historical sites from Pennsylvania to Virginia, including many Civil War battlegrounds.

Jessie Aucoin, the group’s Educational Programs Director, said the vodcasts are put to good use.

“We can upload them to the Internet, and teachers across the country, and probably, across the world, can then use them in their own classrooms,” Aucoin said.

With the help from advisors, the children also research, write, and edit the videos. Alexis Albert got a chance to try out directing and learned a lot about the Civil War’s history in the process.

 Student director John Ashley says the experience has made him think more about the human aspect of the war.

 “In history books, you read about the battles and that sort of stuff. I learned a little bit more about the people who were living here at that time,” said Ashley.

1.Some students in Virginia are learning history by ________ .

A.spending more time on textbooks

B.visiting the historical sites

C.producing videos themselves

D.writing research papers

2.The underlined word “them” in Paragraph 2 probably refers to“_______”.

A.the conflicts    B.the bridges

C.the generals     D.the armies

3.The Journey Through Hallowed Ground _______ .

A.promotes the sale of videos produced by students

B.is the sponsor of a worldwide charity organization

C.is devoted to the protection of national historical sites

D.tries to make people know more about historical sites

4.What’s the best title for the text?

A.Students think more about U.S. history

B.Students like making videos about history

C.Students make movies to experience U.S.history

D.A group raises awareness of historical sites

答案：1.解析：C细节理解题。由第一段中的They are creating videos related to the conflict可知弗吉尼亚的学生通过自己制作视频来学习历史。

2.解析：B篇章结构题。由第二段中的learned the bridges provided big advantages for the armies可知，them指的是the bridges。浮桥为军队提供了很大的便利，因为士兵们可以很快将桥搭起来。

3.解析：D细节理解题。由第四段中的the Journey Through Hallowed Ground，which raises awareness of historical sites可知，这个组织致力于提高人们对历史遗迹的关注度。

4.解析：C标题归纳题。本文主要是介绍学生们通过自己制作视频来学习、理解和体验美国历史。

(2016·湖南长沙高三重点中学联考)

Four reasons to ignore people’s comments

This challenging world is full of criticism and you may feel down when you’re aware of other people’s comments.   5   Otherwise it can hold you back in life. I hope these four reasons will help you in a way.

It’s not about you.

Remember that other people’s words are just their personal views of the situation.   6  You cannot change the state of mind of such people. So you should ignore the negative comments and destructive words, which can ruin your day.

Take the useful information.

Another idea is to sift through(细查) the comments and analyze what is truth and what is a lie.   7  If you are a self-critical person, then you can learn some useful things from these comments. If not, then try to ignore these emotional attacks and go on with your day.

People tend to share their bad mood.

Nowadays many people tend to dump their spirits if they have a bad day. You should realize that there is nothing personal(无礼的), but the product of one’s bad day.   8   If you’ve noticed that your friend or classmate is in a bad mood, you should stay reasonable and don’t take his/her negative words too hard. Just enjoy your day!

Don’t let others ruin your day.

It’s up to you whether you let them ruin your day, or you accept yourself just the way you are. Don’t let other people’s comments change your mood.   9 

A.Positive comments can have good effects on your life.

B.Maybe they have got up on the wrong side of the bed.

C.The main thing is to ignore what others think and say about you.

D.Besides, there are some people who like to find fault with others.

E.If you cannot avoid rude comments, then respond with politeness.

F.Such experience will help you learn how to deal with criticism.

G.Only you can judge the information, because you know yourself better than anyone else.

答案:5.解析：C此空后一句讲的是“否则它会阻碍你的生活”。故C项“主要是要忽视他人对你的看法和评价”符合语境。空后句中“it”与C项中“what others think and say about you”相呼应。

6.解析：D空前一句讲“记住，他人的话只代表他们的个人观点”，空后一句讲的是“你不能改变这些人的思维状态”，故可推知D项“而且有的人就是喜欢对他人吹毛求疵”符合语境。D项中“some people”和空后句中“such people”相呼应。

7.解析：G空前一句讲的是“要辨别他人的评价和分析是真实的还是在撒谎”，故G项“只有你自己能判断信息(是否属实)，因为你比任何人都更了解你自己”符合语境。

8.解析：B本段讲的是人们有时会由于情绪状态不佳而发出负面的言论，所以我们要保持理智，不要把别人发泄情绪的言论过于当真。因此B项“他们有可能情绪不佳”符合语境。

9.解析：E本段讲你可以选择接受他人的评价也可以选择不接受，不要为他人的评价而影响自己的心情。所以E项“如果你不能回避别人粗鲁的评价，就作出有礼貌的反馈”符合语境。

Ⅴ.短文改错

    (2015·河北衡水高二期末联考)Emily is eight years old. She lived in a big house. She has many toys and friends. But Emily isn’t happy. She has a secret. She doesn’t want to tell everyone about her secret. The problem is if nobody knows it, no one can help her. Emily doesn’t write her homework. When it is an exam, she gets sick. Emily doesn’t remember the letter of the alphabet. One day, Emily’s teacher found out that Emily couldn’t write on the board. She called him after class. The teacher listened to her. She wanted to help Emily. She said,“You can read or write if we practice together.” But Emily and her teacher meet every day after class. They practice together. Emily works hard. Now she knows what to read and write!

答案：Emily is eight years old. She      in a big house. She has many toys and friends. But Emily isn’t happy. She has a secret. She doesn’t want to tell            about her secret. The problem is     if nobody knows it, no one can help her. Emily doesn’t write her homework. When     is an exam, she gets sick. Emily doesn’t remember the       of the alphabet. One day, Emily’s teacher found out that Emily couldn’t write on the board. She called      after class. The teacher listened to her. She wanted to help Emily. She said,“You can read       write if we practice together.”     Emily and her teacher meet every day after class. They practice together. Emily works hard. Now she knows      to read and write!

1.lived→lives上下句用的都是一般现在时，此句也是描述现在的情况，应用一般现在时。

2.everyone→anybody/anyone此句意为“她不想把她的秘密告诉任何人。”应用anybody/anyone。

3.if前加that that引导表语从句，不可省略。if从句为表语从句里的条件状语从句。

4.it→there“there be+名词”为固定句型结构，“有……”。

5.letter→letters letter为字母表中的字母，应用复数形式。

6.去掉out found为find的过去式形式，意为“发现”；out多余。

7.him→her此处her代替上文的Emily(女孩)。

8.or→and此句为肯定句，and表示并列关系。

9.But→So根据上下文，前后为因果关系，而非转折关系。

10.what→how根据句意“她现在知道怎么读和写了”可知应用how，意为“怎么”。