2020-2021学年Unit 1 Art复习练习题

这是一份2020-2021学年Unit 1 Art复习练习题，共7页。

Unit 1 Section Ⅰ

Ⅰ.单词拼写
1._Exposed__(暴露)to so many advertisements, we can't help being persuaded to buy something we don't really need.
2．Has the government_announced__(宣布) that they will build a new highway to the mountain?
3．The babies are well_attended__(照顾) in the popular nursery.
4．Finding a solution to this problem is one of the greatest_challenges__(挑战)faced byscientists today.
5．He_concluded__(结束) his speech with an interesting story.
6．He works in a sports centre _instructing__people in the use of the gym equipment.
7．The army was well－trained and well－armed, and had little difficulty _defeating__the enemy.
8．The drug is _suspected__of causing over 200 deaths.
9．The doctor is well－known for having _cured__some people of the deadly disease.
10．Those who can _foresee__difficulties on their way to success may keep calm when they really appear.
Ⅱ.选词填空

1．The cream_is_absorbed_into__the skin easily.
2．The idea you_put_forward__at the meeting yesterday is more practical than his.
3．The public want to know who_is_to_blame__for the accident.
4．The doctor examined the patient carefully and then_drew_a_conclusion__.
5．The police promised to_look_into__the accident.
6．It is very dangerous to_be_exposed_to__patients with Ebola viruses(埃博拉病毒)without any protection.
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．Why did you _put__ _forward__(提出) such a view at yesterday's meeting?
2．I _was__ _so__ _absorbed__ _in__(正入神地读) this book that I didn't hear you come in.
3．Were you_attending__ _to__(注意听)what she was saying?
4．They _draw__ _different__ _conclusions__(得出了不同的结论) from the facts.
5．We must send someone to _look__ _into__(调查) the matter.
6．It is a serious illness, but _can__ _be__ _cured__(能被治愈)．
7._Every__ _time__(每次)I catch a cold, I always drink much water.
8．We don't know who is_to__ _blame__ _for__(负责)the accident.
Ⅳ.完形填空
I recently heardastory aboutafamous scientist who had made several very important medicalbreakthroughs(突破)．Hewasbeing interviewed by a reporter who asked him_1.A__he thought he was able to be so much more_2.C__than the average person.
He responded that it all came from a(n)_3.B__with his mother that occurred when he was about 2. He had been trying to_4.C__milk from the fridge when he_5.D__the slippery(光滑的) bottle, its contents running all over the kitchen floor.
When his mother came in, 6.B__shouting at him or giving him a lecture, she said, “Robert，what a great and wonderful_7.D__you have made! I have_8.A__seen such a huge pool of milk. Well, the damage has already been_9.C__. Would you like to get down and_10.B__in the milk for a few minutes before we clean it up？”
Indeed, he did.After a few minutes, his mother said, “Robert, whenever you make a mess like this, eventually you have to restore everything to its proper order. So, how would you like to do that? We could use a sponge(海绵), a towel or a mop. Which do you prefer？” He chose the sponge.
His mother then said, “You know, what we have here is a_11.A__experiment in how to effectively carry a big milk bottle with two_12.B__hands. Let's go out in the backyard and fill the bottle with water and see if you can_13.D__.”The little boy learned that if he_14.D__the bottle at the top near the lip with both hands, he could carry it without dropping it. What a wonderful_15.C__！
This scientist then said that it was at that moment that he knew he didn't need to be_16.D__to make mistakes. Instead, he learned that mistakes were just _17.B__for learning something new, which is, _18.A__，what scientific experiments are all about. Even if the experiment “doesn't_19.D__”， we usually learn something_20.C__from it.
文章大意：一位科学家为什么能够与众不同？这与他母亲的教育有关。两岁时，他把奶瓶掉在地上，牛奶撒了一地，妈妈没有批评他，反而鼓励他尝试如何把瓶子抓好，因为错误往往是学习新知识的良机。妈妈的做法也培养了他勇敢地面对失败、敢于担当的品质。
1．A.why B．what
C．when D．how
解析：句意：记者采访他，为什么他认为他能够比一般人更有创造力。代入四个选项可知，why(为什么)符合句意，故选A。
2．A.clever B．able
C．creative D．honest
解析：第一句话说了他有几项重要的医学突破，这应该离不开一种创造力。clever“聪明的”；able“有能力的”；creative“有创造力的”；honest“诚实的”，故选C。
3．A.lesson B．experience
C．accident D．conflict
解析：句意：他回应道：这完全来自于他两岁时和妈妈在一起的一次经历。根据后面科学家的一段经历可知，B项符合句意。lesson“教训”；experience“经历”；accident“事故”；conflict“冲突”。
4．A.carry B．bring
C．remove D．fetch
解析：句意：他一直尽力把牛奶从冰箱里拿出来，此时瓶子从手中滑落。carry“携带”；bring“带来”；remove“移动”；fetch“取来”。remove...from是固定搭配，意思是“从……地方拿走/移开”，故选C。
5．A.fell B．lost
C．escaped D．dropped
解析：根据后文语境“he could carry it without dropping it”可知，他把瓶子掉到地上了。故选D。drop与fall两者都可表示“掉，落”，区别如下：fall表示“落下”，多指无意识的行为，有自然坠落之意，且通常是不及物动词；drop既可指无意的行为，即表示“落下(不及物)”，也可指有意的行为，即表示“投下(及物)”。
6．A.rather than B．instead of
C．other than D．in place of
解析：妈妈没有因为奶瓶掉了，牛奶撒了一地而对他喊叫或者讲一番道理。rather than“而不是”；instead of“代替，而不是”；other than“除了，不同于”；in place of“人或物替代其他人或物”。
7．A.picture B．mass
C．map D．mess
解析：句意：你弄得可真够乱的。下文妈妈提到“make a mess”。make a mess是固定搭配，意思是“搞得乱七八糟”。故选D。picture“照片”；mass“团，块”；map“地图”；mess“脏乱；混乱”。
8．A.rarely B．happily
C．frequently D．angrily
解析：句意：“我”很少见到这么一大摊牛奶。rarely“很少地”；happily“高兴地”；frequently“经常地”；angrily“生气地”。
9．A.got B．suffered
C．done D．received
解析：句意：既然已经造成了损害。suffer“遭受”；do damage是固定搭配，意为“损害”，这里用了被动形式，故选C。
10．A.jump B．play
C．enjoy D．lay
解析：句意：你愿意在牛奶中玩一会儿然后我们再收拾干净吗？jump“跳”，play“玩”；enjoy“喜欢”；lay“放置”。get down and play 相当于get down to playing，故选B。
11．A.failed B．successful
C．fantastic D．painful
解析：他把奶瓶掉在地上，所以应该说是一次失败的经历。failed“失败的”；successful“成功的”；fantastic“不可思议的”；painful“痛苦的”，故选A。
12．A.strong B．tiny
C．thin D．weak
解析：前文提到他当时只有两岁，所以他的手应该是小的：tiny“小的”。故选B。strong“强壮的”；thin“瘦的”；weak“弱的”。
13．A.get it B．put it
C．try it D．make it
解析：句意：咱们到院子里，把瓶子里装满水，看看你能不能做好。get it“明白了”；put it“放”；try it“试试看”，make it“成功”。
14．A.controlled B．possessed
C．broke D．grasped
解析：句意：小男孩学会了如果他两只手抓住上边靠近瓶口的地方，他就可以抓住奶瓶不掉落了。control“控制”；possess“拥有”；break“打碎”；grasp“掌握，抓住”，故选D。
15．A.example B．teaching
C．lesson D．instruction
解析：通过自己亲手做让孩子知道怎么做，这一课上得很精彩。example“例子”；teaching“教学”；lesson“课，教训”；instruction“命令；指示”，故选C。
16．A.anxious B．nervous
C．fearful D．afraid
解析：句意：科学家在那一刻也明白了他不必害怕犯错误。anxious“焦虑的”；nervous“紧张的”；fearful“可怕的”；afraid“害怕的”。固定短语be afraid to do sth.意为“不敢做某事”，故选D。
17．A.situations B．opportunities
C．times D．turns
解析：句意：他懂得了错误只是他学习新东西的机会。situation“局面”；opportunity“机会”；time“时代，次数”；turn“转弯”，故选B。
18．A.after all B．above all
C．first of all D．in all
解析：句意：通过以上的经历，科学家的感受是：科学实验终究是试验一个又一个的错误。after all“毕竟；终究”；above all“最重要的是”；first of all“首先；第一”；in all“总共；合计”。
19．A.do B．finish
C．go D．work
解析：句意：即使实验不成功，我们通常也可以学到有价值的东西。work“工作；起作用”，故选D。do“做”；finish“完成”；go“去；前往”。
20．A.worthy B．costly
C．valuable D．interesting
解析：句意：即使实验不成功，我们通常也可以学到有价值的东西。worthy“值得的”；costly“昂贵的”；valuable“贵重的，有价值的”；interesting“有趣的”，故选C。
Ⅴ.阅读理解
Louis Pasteur, the famous French chemist and bacteriologist, invented “pasteurization”．In 1854 Pasteur was made head of the department of science at the University of Lille, and it was there that he made one of his most famous discoveries. Lille was a major center for wine and beer－making, and some of the local wine－makers asked Pasteur if he could help solve the problem of keeping wine fresh.At that time, it was believed that food and drinks went “bad” because of a purely chemical process (变化过程). But during a series of experiments Pasteur proved that tiny living organisms(微生物) caused food and drinks to go bad. In the case of wine and beer, the organisms are already present in the form of the various yeasts (酵母)that caused the fermentation(发酵) process. Pasteur discovered that heating the wine gently for a few minutes after it had fermented would kill off the yeast that was left in the wine, with the result that the wine would remain fresh for much longer. He also proved that food and drinks could be turned bad by other organisms that were present in the air，and that they would keep fresh much longer if _they__were kept in airtight containers.
The heating process was so successful that it made Pasteur famous. It was named “pasteurization” in his honour, and by about 1900 it had been widely used for processing and bottling cows' milk. The result was a huge drop in the number of bottle－fed babies dying from infant diarrhea(婴儿腹泻) and from that time on it has been a standard treatment for milk and many other food products. Thissimple process has saved thousands, possibly millions, of lives worldwide.
1．Pasteur became_A__in 1854.
A．the chairperson of the science department at the University of Lille
B．the director of a chemical laboratory at the University of Lille
C．the general manager of a large beer－making company
D．the president of the University of Lille
解析：细节理解题。从第一段第二句话“In 1854 Pasteur was made head of the department of science at the University of Lille...”一句可知答案。
2．According to the passage，Lille was a major center for_B__in the mid－19th century.
A．growing grain crops
B．making beer and wine
C．doing chemical research
D．producing various kinds of yeasts
解析：细节理解题。从第一段中第三句话“Lille was a major center for wine and beer－making, and some of the local wine－makers asked Pasteur if he could help solve the problem of keeping wine fresh.”可知答案
3．In the last sentence of Paragraph 1, the underlined word “they” refers to_B__.
A．wine and beer　　　　 B. food and drinks
C．the various yeasts D．other organisms
解析：词义指代题。从第一段最后一句话可知they指的是food and drinks。
4．Wecaninferfromthepassagethat Pasteur's discovery_C__.
A．is no longer widely used for treating milk and other food products
B．did not bring much profit to the wine－makers in Lille
C．has done a lot of good to children in the world
D．has greatly reduced the number of wars in the world
解析：推理判断题。短文的最后一段讲述了在1900年巴斯德所发明的防止食物和酒变质的方法广泛应用于儿童所饮用的瓶装牛奶，使世界上成千上万的儿童免于死亡。
Ⅵ.七选五
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
(2016·北京)
The Science of Risk－Seeking
Sometimes we decide that a little unnecessary danger is worth it because when we weigh the risk and the reward, the risk seems worth tasking._1.F__Some of us enjoy activities that would surprise and scare the rest of us.Why? Experts say it may have to do with how our brains work.
The reason why any of us take any risks at all might have to do with early humans.Risk－takers were better at hunting, fighting, or exploring._2.C__As the quality of risk－taking was passed from one generation to the next, humans ended up with a sense of adventure and a tolerance for risk.
So why aren't we all jumping out of airplanes then? Well, even 200,000 years ago, too much risk－taking could get one killed.A few daring survived, though, along with a few stay－in－the－cave types.As a result, humans developed a range of character types that still exists today.So maybe you love car racing, or maybe you hate it._3.A__
No matter where you are on the risk－seeking range, scientists say that your willingness to take risks increases during your teenage years._4.E__To help you do that, your brain increases your hunger for new experiences.New experiences often mean taking some risks, so your brain raises your tolerance for risk as well.
　　_5.G__For the risk－seekers a part of the brain related to pleasure becomes active, while for the rest of us, a part of the brain related to fear becomes active.
As experts continue to study the science of risk－seeking, we'll continue to hit the mountains, the waves or the shallow end of the pool.
A．It all depends on your character.
B．Those are the risks you should jump to take.
C．Being better at those things meant a greater chance of survival.
D．Thus, these well－equipped people survived because they were the fittest.
E．This is when you start to move away from your family and into the bigger world.
F．However, we are not all using the same reference standard to weigh risks and rewards.
G．New brain research suggests our brains work differently when we face a nervous situation.
文章大意：这是一篇说明文，作者讲的是有关冒险的科学的探索方面的内容。
解析：
1．选项F中的“weigh risks and rewards”与上文的“weigh the risk and the reward”相呼应，故F项符合语境。
2．选项C中的“Being better at those things”与上文的“were better at hunting，fighting，or exploring”相呼应，因此选C。
3．前文说人们有各种不同的性格，因此你可能喜欢赛车，或者讨厌赛车，故A项“这完全是由你的性格决定的”符合语境。
4．根据上文的“your willingness...teenage years”及下文的“hunger for new experiences...”可知E项符合语境。
5．根据空后的“For the risk－seekers...becomes active”可知，此处讲的是面对紧张的局面时我们的大脑会有不同的反应，故G项符合语境。