中考英语语法讲解课件-比较级与最高级

这是一份中考英语语法讲解课件-比较级与最高级，共54页。PPT课件主要包含了教学目标，第一部分同级比较，同级比较例句，同级比较的扩展倍数，比较级 ，比较级的基本知识 ，比较级的修饰问题，到底什么是比较级，第三部分经典习题等内容，欢迎下载使用。
第十讲 比较级与最高级
掌握同级、比较级、最高级基本知识
掌握比较级中各出题方式
掌握比较级、同级中的经典题目
同级比较---和…一样…: 比什么; 和谁比
例:这个音乐听起来很好The music sunds gd/nice.例:这个音乐听起来和那个一样好as…as…The music sunds as gd/nice as that否定句中: nt …as…as…/ nt …s…as…The music desn’t sund as/s gd as that步骤:一:写最简单的句子二:找好所比的内容三: 用as…as…前后夹击,+比较对象
例:他长得衰He is ugly 他和王彤长得一样衰He is as ugly as wt例: 他做得好He des well 他和他做得一样好He des as well as him.例: 他和她一样常来玩He plays as frequently as her.
(Once) as…as…Twice as…as…3 times as…as…10 times as…as…这个大厦比这个屋子高十倍The building is 10 times as high as the pr huse.
As…as…结构的总结
一: 判断其中的哪种词性, 必须熟练掌握gd, well的区别二: 倍数的问题三: as…as…/ as sn as…一…就…/ as sn as pssible 尽可能快的 的意思区别四: as well--- as well as 的区别As well= t He des as well as his brther, as well.他也像他的兄弟那样做得一样好五: as …as的否定形式中国登月不像美国那么早 China desn’t land n the mn as/s early as U.S.A
第十讲 比较级与最高级（二）
他比她更酷He is cler than her比: than更: 在英语中有三个写法She is smarter than him 她比他更聪明She is mre beautiful than him.她比他更漂亮She des better than him. 她做得比她更好汉语中的一个”更”, 在英语中, 根据形容词和副词本身的原型,产生三大类的变形Red---redder(单元音+er)Beautiful---mre beautiful (多元音: mre+原型)特殊词
所有单元音, 其后都配 er– smart---smarter辅元辅,双写 red—redder; ht—htter这四类 ble; ple; w; er 双元音, 还是 erClever—cleverer; narrw—narrwer; 狭窄的able—abler有能力的; simple—simpler简单的; heavy—heavier更重的所有的多元音,双元音: mre+原型 quiet– mre quiet ; beautiful– mre beautiful特殊变形: gd/well –better—best; bad/badly/ill—wrse—wrst; many/much—mre—mst; little/a little– less—least; few/ a few– fewer—fewestOld– lder—ldest; ld—elder—eldestFar—farther—farthest; far—further--furthest
结构:It sunds gd它比那个更好听It sunds better than that他比她更强壮He is strngHe is strnger than her.他喝得比他高
比较级的难点1. mre
1. 构成比较级,本身无意义She is mre beautiful than her.2. many, much 的比较, 本身有意义She has many bks.例:她的书比他的书多She has mre bks than his
3. n mre= nt… any mre不再4. mre r less 或多或少5. mre and mre 越来越多; less and less越来越少; redder and redder 越来越红6.the 比较级…, the 比较级…(the …必须放于句首)你越瘦,冬天你觉得越冷The thinner yu are, the cler yu feel in winter.7. ne mre= anther ne 再来一个I need __ candle. 我还得需要一只蜡烛
4.最高级和比较级中意思相同的转化
他比班里其他的人都高他在班里最高He is taller than any ther student in the class.He is the tallest in the class.解题思路:一:分清比较和最高二:在比较中, than 后只接any ther
Much/ a little/ t/ far/still/even对比较级修饰He is strnger than him他比他壮He is much/ t/ far strnger than him他比他壮得多His handwriting is __ than herFar gd; far best; much better; mre better
Hangzhu is a __ beautiful city Mre; very; much mre; much解题思路:比较级必须有比较的对象,例:今天比昨天热今天比较热经典汉语:小腿肚子上挂水平---比较高的水平(比脚高的水瓶)The bk he bught in the bk stre was __ than that he brught frm his brtherbetter; best; far; far gd
She is my elder sister. She is my lder sister.［2误］［析］ elder 和eldest是用来指家庭中兄弟姐妹的长幼关系，而lder, ldest 则是指岁数大多少，如：She is three years lder than I.
I'm tired. I can't g further.I'm tired. I can't g farther.［1误］［析］ far有两个比较级 farther 较远的，further 进一步的，如：D yu need any further explanatin? 你需要进一步的解释吗?当然它也有两个最高级。farthest和furthest.
He is very higher than I am.He is much higher than I am.［1误］［析］ much可以用来修饰比较级，而very则用来修饰形容词原级，如：I'm very tired.
She is nt half as clever as her brther.She is nt as half clever as her brther.［2误］［析］ 在as…as结构中要将修饰形容词的数量词倍数及nearly, almst, exactly… 等置于第一个as之前。
Wh is taller f the tw?Wh is the taller f the tw?［1误］［析］ 两者的比较级之前要加定冠词。
I have less bks than Tm.I have fewer bks than Tm.［1误］［析］ less 是 little的比较级，而fewer是few的比较级。less后应加不可数名词而fewer后是可数名词。
There are three girls in my grup. The cleverest is Mary.There are three girls in my grup. The cleverer is Mary.［2误］［析］ 在两者之间应用比较级，在三者之间或三者以上的范围内应用最高级。
The by sat there as quiet as his sister.The by sat there as quietly as his sister［1误］［析］ as…as的用法要注意的是：①在其中间应加形容词或副词的原级，而不可加比较级，也有的语法书中称为同级比较。②要根据句意决定是加形容词还是副词，这要看它具体是修饰动词还是名词而定，如：He is as gd as his friend.
The harder yu study, and yu can learn mreThe harder yu study, the mre yu can learn.［1误］［析］ 英文中如果要表达越来越怎样，在初中范围有两种表达法：①比较级+and+比较级。②定冠词+比较级……，如：The nights are getting lnger and lnger。 要注意的是多音节形容词的比较级前要加mre，这样的用法是：mre and mre 加形容词，如：The girl is grwing mre and mre beautiful.
Studying physics is nt s interesting as t learn English.Studying physics is nt s interesting as learning English.［1误］［析］ 在作比较时，英语一般要求对比的两部分结构应一致。如用动名词，应都用动名词，用不定式时则都用不定式。但有时在后一个不定式前的符号t可以省略。如：T repair the ld ne is as much expensive as (t) buy a new ne.
The girl is mre cleverer than the by.The girl is much mre clever (much cleverer) than the by.［1误］ ［析］ clever有两个比较级：cleverer和mre clever,要注意的是不能用比较级来修饰比较级。clever的两个比较级也各有不同之处，如用在两种不同性质的比较时多用mre clever,如：He is mre clever than hnest. (他的聪明要远远超过其诚实。)
The by is the tallest t the three.The by is the tallest f the three.［1误］［析］ 最高级的范围要用f加复数形式或加集合名词。
This dictinary is the much best ne f the English Chinese dictinaries.This dictinary is much the best ne f the English Chinese dictinaries. ［1误］［析］ 在修饰最高级时应用 far/by far/much 加the加最高级。但very例外，如：He is the very best player in the team.
Shanghai is bigger than any ther cities in China.Shanghai is bigger than any ther city in China.［1误］［析］ 在比较级中表示比较对象时如用any ther其后一般要加单数名词。
Mst f the stries in this bk are written in English.Mst f stries in this bk are written in English.Mst stries in this bk are written in English.［2误］ ［析］ "大多数"一词的表达法有mst f the +名词，或mst+名词。当用前一种结构时，其后面的定冠词不可少。
The temperature f that rm is higher than that f this rm. The temperature f that rm is higher than this rm.［2误］［析］ 比较级用于两句话之间时，比较的部分不可省略掉，但为了避免重复，一般都要用that代替前面的单数名词，而用thse代替前面的复数名词，如：The bks in that bx are bigger than thse in this bx。
1 I think Chinese is ＿＿＿ than maths.Ａ. interesting Bmre interestingC. mst interesting D. the mst interesting ［答案］ B. ［析］ 在有than作比较的句子中应用形容词的比较级。
3 The Huang He River is ne f ＿＿＿ in China.A. The lng river B. the lngest riverC. the lngest rivers D. the lnger river ［答案］ C. ［析］ 在ne f + 定冠词+最高级之后的名词应用复数形式。
4 It was ＿＿＿ yesterday than tday.A. ht B. hter C. htter D. the httest ［答案］ C. ［析］ 用than表达比较的句中应用比较级 。
5 Which subject d yu like ＿＿＿ , English Chinese r maths?A. best B. well C. better D. gd ［答案］ A. ［析］ 在两者之间应用比较级，而在三者之间或三者以上用最高级。
6 ＿＿＿ she eats, ＿＿＿ she'll be.A. Mre…fat B. The mre…fatterC. Mre…the fatter D. The mre…the fatter ［答案］ D. ［析］ the+比较级表示"越来越……"本句应译为：她吃得越多，她就会越胖。
7 I dn't think English is ＿＿＿ Chinese.A. as imprtant as B. nt imprtant asC. nt s imprtant D. imprtant as ［答案］ A. ［析］ think+宾语从句时，应采用否定主句的形式，如：中文讲，"我认为你不对"，英文应为："我不认为你对"。 I dn't think yu are right. 所以不能选答案B。而C、D均为不正确的表达法。
8 Which is ＿＿＿ , Li Lei's bx r Gu Meimei's bx?A. heavy B. heavier C. mre heavier D. the heaviest ［答案］ B. ［析］ 两者之间用比较级，三者或以上用最高级。 Heavy– heavier; clever--cleverer
9 Yu lk ＿＿＿ than befre， why?A. mre thin B. mre thinner C. much mre thin D. much thinner ［答案］ D. ［析］ 多音节形容词才用mre或mst加形容词来表示其比较级或最高级，而thin的比较级为thinner。
10 I'll wrk ＿＿＿ I can.A. s hardly as B. s hard as C. as hardly as D. as hard as ［答案］ D. ［析］ hard可用作形容词和副词，如：The desk was made f hard wd 又如：It is raining hard。 而 hardly 是副词，其词义是"几乎不"，如：Hardly did I sleep last night. 我昨晚几乎没有睡觉。而且hardly用于句首时要采用倒装语序。as…as即可以用于肯定句，也可以用于否定句，但s…as则只能用于否定句中。
11 Cmrade Chen is ＿＿＿ lder than I. A. very B. mre C. far D. many［答案］ C. ［析］ 只有far可以修饰比较级。可以修饰比较级的词还有much, far, even， a little, by far等。
12 Kate sings ＿＿＿ Jan.A. as well as B. as gd as C. s gd as D. as better as ［答案］ A. ［析］ 这里well为副词，意为"唱得好"。
13.He plays music better than __ in the class.A anther B ther C any ther D any thers［答案］ C. ［析］ any ther= any ther student
14Yu had ___ g t bed early.A better B better nt t C gd t D well t［答案］ A. ［析］ had better d…做好做…
15.Yur hat lks as strange as __.A he B his C him D her［答案］ B. ［析］ yur hat 是物，所以as 后要用名词性物主代词
16.---Yu are as __ as yur brther. --- Yes, I seldm have a cld A gd B nice C kind D well［答案］ D. ［析］ well 表“健康”是形容词，