外研版小学英语语法总复习知识点归纳

这是一份外研版小学英语语法总复习知识点归纳，主要包含了时态，人称代词，可数名词的复数形式，缩略形式，a. an .the 的用法，介词，基数词变成序数词的方法，sme/any的用法等内容，欢迎下载使用。
一般现在时
every,
表示经常发生的动作或事情，通常用 "usually通常,ften常常, 每〃 smetimes 有时，always总是，〃等词。
基本结构:
主语 I / Yu / We / They /He / She / It
肯定句：主语+动词原形或动词第三人称单数形式
>
否定句：主语+ dn^t +动词原形或者desn,t +动原
一般疑问句(Yes/N) D, Yes, I d. N,I dn，t.
Des,(动词原形)， Yes,he/she des. N,he/she desn't.
特殊疑问句 What d, Hw des she,(动词原形)，
动词第三人称单数形式(同名词单数变成复数方法相同)
一般情况+s 如:walk-walks
辅音字母+y结尾 去y+ies fly-flies
纟吉尾是 s, x , sh, ch +es watch-watches
4..
纟吉尾是 0 +es d-des, g-ges
特殊 have-has
现在进行时
⑴表示正在发生的动作，通常用“nw现在,lk看，linsen听”.
(2)基本形式：be + 动词・ing
eg: I am(nt) ding my hmewrk.
Yu/We/They are(nt) reading. He/She/lt is(nt) eating.
What are yu ding Is he reading
(3)动词的现在分词形式(动词+ing)
—般情况 +ing walk —walking
结尾是不发音的e -e + ing
cme—cming重读闭音节双写最后一个字母+ing
swim-swimming run-running
3. 一般过去时
表示过去己经发生的事情，通常用"last,上一个〃 just nw 刚才, many years ag 许 多年前，yesterday 昨天”等词。
be 动词的过去式：am/is —was are — were
过去式基本结构
肯定句：主语+动词过去式
I went shpping last night.
否定句：主语+ d idn/t+动词原形
I didn 't g shpping last night.
一般疑问句(Yes/N)
Did z+动词原形，
Did yu g shpping last night
特殊疑问句(wh-) What did,+动词原形，
What did yu d last night
⑷动词过去式的变化：
规则动词的变化：
—般动词 +ed planted’watered,climbed
以不发音的e结尾+d liked tied
辅音字母加 y 结尾-y+ ied study —studied, cry- cried
(4)重读闭音节单词，末尾只有一个辅音字双写最后一个字母+ed
plan -planned stp -stpped
不规则动词的变化：
原形过去式原形过去式原形 过去式
am /is wasare wereg went
d did find fund buy bught
eat ate feel felt drink drank
teach taughttake tk read read
give gavehave had putput
sing sang drive drve meet met
cut cut begin began makemade
let let ring rang write wrte
see sawrun ran ride rde
cme came draw drew sit sat
tell tld learn learnt get gt
carry carried study studied
7. 一般将来时
tmrrw, next
一般将来时表示将来打算做的事或将要发生的事情。常常与
Sunday等时间状语连用。
结构:be ging t + 动词原形或will +动词原形
例如:l 'm ging t visit my grandpa next week.
二、人称代词
主格 I we yuhe she it they
宾格 me us yu him her it them
形容词性物主代词 my ur yur his her its their
名词性物主代词 mineurs yurs hishers its theris
（注：介词，动词后面跟宾格。后面没有名词时用名词性物主代词。）
三、可数名词的复数形式
—*般名词：+ s bk-bks
辅音字母加 y 结尾"y+ ies stry —stries
3•以 s, x , sh, ch ,纟吉尾:+ es glass—glasses;a watch-watches
以。结尾:1）有生命的 +es ptat-ptates
2）无生命的 +s pht-phtes
以f 或fe 结尾：・f 或 fe 变为 ves knife -knives; shelf-shelves
特殊的名词复数：
man-men, wman-wmen, pliceman-plicemen, plicewman-plicewmen, muse-mice, child-children
ft-feet,.tth-teeth
fish-fish, peple-peple, Chinese-Chinese,
、不可数名词（没有复数形式）
bread, rice, water, juice
五、缩略形式
,milk , tea , cffee
I = I am yu 're = yu are she 's = she is he 's = he is hasn't =
he has(gt) it
's = it is wh 's =wh is can ，t =can nt isn 't=is nt
didn 't=did nt
werenzt=were nt wasn't=was nt let zs=let us r11=1 will
六、a. an .the 的用法
8.单词的第一读音是辅音读音:a bk, a peach ， a "If
单词的第一个读音是元音读音：an egg ， an hur , an
9.the要注意的:球类前面不加the, play ftball
乐器前面要加the, play the pian
序数词前面要加the, the secnd
七、介词
表示方位:n, in ,in frnt f, between, next t, near, beside, at, behind. ， under
2.表示时间:
(l)at:几点前面用at如:at six Pck,没有day的节日前用at如:at
Christmas, 固定词组 at the weekends ， at night
(2)n:用于星期，日期，某一天的上午、下午、晚上(指具体的某一天时)
n Sunday在星期天n Sunday mrning 在星期天的上午n March 8 在3月
8日;带有Day的节日前用n如：n Natinal Day
in: 早晨，中午，晚上前用 in:in the mrning ， in the afternn , in the evening ，月份前用in ,如in December;季节前用in，如winter;年份前用in ,
如 in 1999
八、基数词变成序数词的方法
10.直接在基数词词尾加上th 如:seventh第七，tenth第十，thirteenth 第
十三，2.以y结尾的基数词，变y为i,再加上eth。如:twentieth第二十。
3.不规则的。如:first第一, secnd 第二，third 第三，fifth 第五，eighth 第八，ninth 第九，twelfth 第十二。
4.有两个或以上单词组成的基数词只改最后一个单词如twenty-first 第二十 一。九、sme/any的用法
1.肯定句中用 sme:l have sme tys in my bedrm.
问句和否定句中用 any:D yu have any brthers r sisters
-case.
He hasn't gt any pencils in his pencil
询问想要什么时用 sme:Wuld yu like sme juice
Can I have sme stamps
卜、there be 结构
1.肯定句(有,)：There is +单数或不可数名词
There are + 夏数
注：遵循就近原则，看靠there be最近的
2. 一般疑问句（有'吗 J:ls there . Yes, there is./ N, there isn
Are there, Yes, there are. /N, there aren
否定句（没有）：There isnzt There aren ztz.
4.there be 句型与have(has)的区别:there be表示在某地有某物(或
人);have(has)表示某人拥有某物。
十一、祈使句
Sit dwn please.
Dn't pen the dr, please.
Let's g t the park.
（注：祈使句中动词用原形）
十二、（情态）动词
can, may, must, shuld, will 后面直接用动词原形。
I / He / She / They can sing.
May I cme in
I must g nw.
Yu shuld be quiet in the library. 3. Yu'll be gd friends.
十四、特殊疑问句
What什么（问什么事,什么物或什么工作等）
What are yu ding, I 'm reading.
What did yu d yesterday I played basketball.
What are yu ging t d I 'm ging t d hmewrk.
What is that It 's a bk.
What des he/she d She's a nurse.
What time is it It 's seven.
What clur 问颜色
What clur is yur cat It 's red.
when什么时候
When d yu get up I get up at six thirty.
When is yur birthday It 's n the 21st f December.
Which 哪_个
Which is yur watch, the yellw ne r the white ne
The yellw is mine.
Wh 谁
Wh is the man with a big nse He 's my uncle.
Whse 谁的
Whse bag is it It 's his bag.
Where 哪里
Where is my pen It ?s under the bk.
Why为什么
Why d yu like summer Because,
Hw many 多少
Hw many bks are there in the schl bag
There are fur bks in the schl bag.
Hw ld 几岁
Hw ld is the yung man He 's nineteen.
Hw much 多少钱
Hw much is the ty bear It 's eleven yuan.
Hw 怎么样(Hw lng/big/tall )
Hw d yu g t schl everyday I g t schl by car.
Hw lng is the river It
's 10 miles lng.
十五.已经学过的动词
say
help
knw
lst
live
read
run
take
listen
talk
see
draw
jump
sing
dance
want
makebuy
help
give
climb
visit
get
answer
learn
take
fiy
have
ck
phne
wash
sing
g
eat
tell
travel
cme
fall
find
ride
carry
like
turnrightturnleftgstraight gtschl
fly
need
smell
bring
swim
pass
play
skip
watch
pen
put
meet
wait
send
take
wear
catch
use
feel
shut
wrk
put
take
get
speak
sit dwn
stand
up find ut