湖南中考专题第三轮总复习第三讲新题型阅读补全五选五做题技巧（含答案）

这是一份湖南中考专题第三轮总复习第三讲新题型阅读补全五选五做题技巧（含答案），共12页。学案主要包含了五选五解题步骤等内容，欢迎下载使用。
解题技巧
（一）察言观色
首段出大意，选项知分晓（选项大小写，含有代词，连词划重点）
（二）文章结构 观察有无小标题
1. 有小标题或者隐含小标题
（文章第一段，引出话题，提示结构：here are, there are, the fllwing tips/advice）
①小标题出题：观察其他小标题特征，短小精悍 ，结构一致
小标题是该段中心句，对该段内容总结，关键词复现，注意：有干扰选项时，选“全集 ”
② 小标题下面的题
读选项时，如果选项重叠出现小标题中的词，直接备选。
无小标题，通用解法
①代词
a. 选项中有代词，空格前一句必须有被指代的名词，且 一般位于句首。（it除外）
常见出题形式: 人名，地名重复，人称代词，指示代词（sme-- thers，n the ne hand --n the ther hand. they ,this, that,these, thse,such)
b. 空格后有代词，选项里必须有被指代的名词。
②冠词：定冠词the+n.
③连词，过渡词 上下文逻辑关系判断。
转折：but, hwever, while
因果：because, fr, s, as a result, therefre
并列：als, and, as well as , nt nly, but als, fr ne thing, fr anther thing
解释：in fact，fr example, in ther wrds, that is t say
递进：what's mre, in additin, besides
④关键词寻找，呼应方式
同词复现：多为特定名词
同构复现：1.相同句型结构 2.相同词不同结构(词性，词根，时态）
同畴词对比：
近义词：happy- glad
反义词：easy - difficult dangerus - safe
首尾呼应，前后呼应，段落呼应
⑤选项本身是否符合符合科学性与常识性
真题改编
2020年长沙中考真题
Mark Twain nce said, “Never put ff till tmrrw what yu can d tday.” The famus writer talked abut prblem many f us have. The prblem is prcrastinatin(拖延症). When prcrastinatin becmes a habit, it can make ur lives terrible. 56. ____________!
★ Make daily “t d” lists.
Befre yur day ends, make a plan fr tmrrw. List upcming tasks in rder f imprtance. Yu’ll begin each new day with head start, already knwing what needs t be dne. As yu cmplete each task, check it ff. 57. ____________.
Always keep yur daily schedule(计划) with yu. Use it t remind yurself what yu need t d next. Yu’ll then have a much better chance f carrying ut yur plans.
★ Break large tasks up int small nes.
If a prject lks t big, 58. ____________. The task at hand may seem t great. Yu may feel defeated(挫败) befre beginning. But every prject is dable if it’s dne in small steps.
Begin by breaking up yur task int smaller parts. This helps remve the unnecessary fear f having t d large prject all at ne time.
★ 59. ____________.
If yur wrkplace is full f distractins(使人分心的事), yu’ll need t make sme changes. Yu may need t remve yur phne r TV frm yur wrkplace. If peple ften stp by fr a talk, yu may need t mve t a different place.
★ Fllw the five-minute rule.
The hardest part abut any task is getting started. That’s why s many peple avid their wrk until the last minute. Ding s usually leads t added stress. One slutin t this prblem is t schedule a time daily t wrk n yur big prject. Wrk n it fr nly five minutes. Then decide whether r nt t cntinue. Surprisingly, nce yu’ve begun, 60. ____________.
2019年长沙中考真题
Summer is here. One f the best ways t cl ff n a ht summer day is t jump int a swimming pl. Swimming is great exercise, and a trip t a pl r beach is a gd way t have fun with friends. 56. ____________, s it’s imprtant t stay safe as yu d it. Here are a few things yu can d t swim safely.
Swim nly in areas set fr swimming.
Dn’t swim unless there is a lifeguard（救生员）n duty. If yu’re n a beach near the cean, this is especially imprtant.57. ____________. S if a sign says “n swimming”, please take care.
Be careful when diving（跳水）int the water headfirst.
Mst pls have deep ends where diving is safe. In natural water, dn’t dive unless yu knw that the water is deep enugh. 58. ____________, causing injury（伤害）r death.
Make sure yu have a partner with yu.
Nbdy knws what will happen while yu are swimming. If smething ges wrng, yu can get help frm that persn as sn as pssible. In this situatin, 59. ____________.
Pay clse attentin t children’s safety.
Kids wh dn’t knw hw t swim shuld wear life jackets. But by themselves they are nt enugh, 60. ____________. If yu have a pl at hme, put a fence（围栏）arund it in case children fall in. And if a child disappears, check the pl first.
2018年长沙中考真题
A gd memry is ften seen as smething that cmes naturally, while a bad memry as smething that cannt be changed. 56. ____________ Here are sme tips（贴士）fr yu.
◆ 57. ____________
We all remember the things we are interested in, and always frget the nes that bre us. This explains the reasn why schlbys remember ftball results easily but struggle（挣扎）with dates frm their histry lessns! Develp an active interest in what yu want t remember. One way t make yurself mre interested is t ask questins-the mre, the better!
◆ Repeat things in chunks（块）.
Repeating things in chunks is the best way t remember things fr a shrt time, fr example, remembering a phne number fr a few secnds. 58. ____________ The fllwing numbers wuld be impssible fr mst f us t remember：1492178919318483. But lk at them in “grups” r “chunks” repeatedly, and it becmes much easier：1492178919318483.
◆ Invent a stry.
T remember lng lists, try inventing a stry which includes all the things yu want t remember. In experiments, peple were asked t remember up t 120wrds using this way. When they were tested later, they culd remember abut 90% f them. 59. ____________
◆ Take physical exercise ．
Physical exercise is imprtant fr yur memry, because it increases yur heart rate（心率）and sends mre xygen（氧气）t yur brain, and that makes yur memry wrk better. 60. ____________ As we knw, t much pressure is very bad fr the memry.
A．Take an interest．
B．In fact, there is a lt that yu can d t imprve yur memry.
C．The test result was really amazing!
D．Anther way t imprve memry is t get enugh rest．
E．Gruping numbers may help yu t remember them．
模拟题
(A)
D yu like running? Nw, running is perhaps ne f the wrld's mst ppular sprts. Mre and mre peple are putting n their running shes！
16
In histry, humans have always run. Thusands f years ag, they ran t lk fr fd. In the 1800s, sprt became an imprtant part f children s educatin. After mdern Olympics, athletes became famus. Hwever, until abut fifty years ag, watching running races was mre ppular than running. Nw this has changed.
17
It's a well-knwn fact that exercise is gd fr yu. It can help avid many kinds f illnesses. It'll als help yu live lnger. Of curse, there are many ways t exercise. Running is just ne f them. But running may have advantages ver ther kinds f exercises.
18
If yu find yu feel better after exercise, there's a gd reasn fr it. N matter hw bad yu feel, running will cheer yu up. In fact, a study in 2012 fund that just 30 minutes f running a week fr three weeks helped peple sleep better and imprve their md (情绪).
19
Hwever, many runners have prblems with their knees. Running n rads is especially bad. Using a running machine is less harmful. If yu dn't warm up yu bdy will ache. Running is especially risky in ht weather if peple dn't drink enugh water.
20
If yu are interested in taking up running, it's imprtant t d it prperly, and the fllwing will help. Keep yur head up and lift yur chest (胸部). Lk straight frward, nt dwn at yur feet. Relax yur neck and shulders. This will help breathe mre easily.
A. Running makes yu healthy.
B. Running prblems.
C. The histry f running.
D. The best way t run.
E. Running makes yu happy.
(B)
Parents shuld help their children understand mney. 16 S yu may start talking abut mney when yur child shws an interest in buying things, candy r tys, fr example.
The basic functin（功能）f mney
Begin explaining the basic functin f mney by shwing hw peple trade mney fr gds r services. It's imprtant t shw yur child hw mney is traded fr the thing he wants t have. If he wants t have a ty, give him the mney and let him hand the mney t the cashier (收银员). 17 When yur child grws a bit lder and understands the basic functin f mney, yu can start explaining mre cmplex ways f using mney.
Mney lessns
Deal with mney lessns with penness and hnesty. 18 If yu must say n t a child's request t spend mney, explain, “Yu have enugh ty trucks fr nw.” Or, if the request is fr many different things, say, “Yu have t make a chice between this ty and that ty.”
19
Begin at a big stre. Pick ut similar brands (品牌) f a prduct -- a famus brand and an rdinary brand, fr example. Yu can shw yur child hw t make chices between different brands f a prduct s that yu can save mney, 20 If he chses the cheaper brand, allw him t make anther purchase with the mney saved. Later, yu may explain hw the mre expensive chice leaves less mney fr ther purchases.
A. Wise decisin.
B. Tell yur child why he can r cannt have certain things.
C. Talk abut hw the mney bught the thing after yu leave the ty stre.
D. Ask yurself what things that cst mney are mst imprtant t yu.
E. The best time t teach a child anything abut mney is when he shws an interest.
(C)
In each year, millins f peple g abrad t wrk, study, r travel. 16 Yu're prbably hping t make new friends and learn abut the culture in yur hst cuntry everything frm attitudes and beliefs (信仰) t scial custms and ppular fds. But cnstantly having t deal with new situatins can be upset, even stressful.
Hmesickness, stress, fear, and cnfusin are all parts f culture shck (文化冲击). At first, yu may feel like getting n the plane and heading hme. 17 The fllwing are sme tips t help yu handle the challenges that yu will face.
18 Yu may feel frustrated that yu have culture shck, especially since yu prbably spent s much time preparing fr yur trip. N matter hw much infrmatin yu read, r hw well yu speak the hst language, it is natural t have much pressure in such a different cuntry.
Have an pen mind. While it's certainly OK t feel disappintment f lss in yur new culture, try nt t frm an pinin abut the new culture t sn. 19 It’s just different -- yu'll be mre ready t try new things. Take part in. This is easy t understand, but everybdy needs t be reminded. Just watching life g n arund yu isn't gd enugh. 20 Dn't wrry abut making a mistake; peple in yur hst cuntry will generally be very understanding and willing t help if yu ask fr help.
Yur study abrad experience is a special time in yur life, ne that yu'll never frget. If yu fllw ur suggestins, yur life will g well.
A. Dn't think f the hst as better r wrse.
B. It’s a great way t find ut what life is like in anther part f the wrld.
C. Dn't expect t be perfect.
D. Yu really need t try things fr yurself.
E. It's OK t have thse feelings.
(D)
Yu arrive at the mall anxius t buy yur favrite CD r the clest cmputer game. Nthing will stp yu, nt even the price — even if yu dn't have enugh mney, Mm r Dad will use a credit card (信用卡) t pay. But wait! Is using a credit card really that simple? There are sme things yu shuld knw abut using credit cards befre yu g shpping.
16 Credit card cmpanies lend yu mney, which yu are expected t pay back. They dn’t lend yu mney just t be nice, hwever. In fact, they make billins f dllars this way. Yu spend 45 dllars buying a pair f jeans n a credit card, then abut a mnth later, the credit cmpany sends yu a bill fr 45 dllars. 17 But what if yu can’t pay the whle bill? Usually, yu are allwed t pay part f it. Let’s say yu pay $10 the first mnth. Nw the credit card cmpany begins t get mney frm yu. They charge extra mney, called interest (利息), n whatever part f the mney yu didn't pay.
Nw the $35 yu still have n yur bill begins t grw. Even if yu dn’t buy anything mre, by the time yu get yur bill the fllwing mnth, yu will have mre than $35 t need paying back. And every day, interest keeps adding up. 18
But the gd news is that a credit card is cnvenient. 19 Besides, the credit card cmpanies als ffer extra services. Fr example, if smething yu bught nline with yur card stps wrking in a shrt time, the cmpany may give yur mney back.
20 They spend mre mney than they can affrd t pay back. Knwing hw t use credit wisely will be necessary and help yu t be a smart shpper.
A. It is smetimes the nly way t pay when yu shp ver the Internet.
B. Using a credit card is a way f brrwing mney t buy things.
C. Sme peple get themselves in truble with credit cards.
D. If yu pay the whle 45 dllars back right away, it wn’t cst yu anything.
E. S actually thse jeans will end up csting yu mre than $45.
(E)
Sleep is like fd fr the brain. 16 Hwever, many Chinese d nt sleep well, and many d nt pay enugh attentin t sleep. Accrding t the index (指数), nearly a quarter f Chinese peple dn’t sleep well. 17 and 15 percent peple have truble falling asleep.
Ye Jingying, a sleep expert at Beijing Tngren Hspital, says,“If peple ften wake up during the night, r always feel weak and tired in the day, they shuld pay attentin t their sleep pattern (模式).”
18 The reprt said that this is ne f the main reasns fr bad sleep. Other reasns include stress and bad mds.
19 Abve all, get enugh sleep. Seven t nine hurs f sleep every night is perfect fr an adult, and eight t nine hurs is best fr a teenager. Having gd sleep habits is imprtant. The reprt suggested that peple need t keep away frm digital devices (数码产品) fr at least an hur befre sleep. 20 Other suggestins include: try t g t sleep and wake up at the same time every day, even n weekends and during hlidays, and d the same relaxing things befre bed each night, like listening t sft music.
A. Many peple play with their cell phnes r iPads befre sleeping.
B. Enugh sleep helps the bdy and brain grw and develp.
C. Hw t sleep well?
D. The lights keep their brains excited fr a lng while.
E. Half said that they feel tired after getting up
（F）
Whether it’s ne day ff r a week, yu dn’t need t be amng peple t have a great time. 16. ________ Yu can spend yur hliday n yur wn ding smething yu have n time t d in yur everyday life.
Eat yur favrite fds. They can bring yu much pleasure fr sure. Yu can make a healthy meal at hme. Ck smething yu lve but usually dn’t have time t make. Instead f having meals at hme, yu can als g t a lcal restaurant fr smething special. Eat it there, r bring it hme. 17. ________
Stay away frm technlgy. Yu may have a chance t find the real beauty f life. Maybe yu can’t help playing with yur smart phnes all day while yu are n hliday alne. Why nt create mre time t g hiking, fly kites r d sme ther utdr activities? 18. ________
19. ________ Yu can g shpping, see a film, r take a class. Take yur time t search fr smething even small that yu want. Ging t see a mvie r a shw alne can be a fun experience. Use yur hliday as a chance t try smething new like dancing r painting.
20. ________ Leave yur wrries behind and try t be a master f yur wn, but remember that nthing is mre imprtant than safety.
A. Try t find smething new and fun t d.
B. Whether yu eat ur r ck at hme, enjy!
C. Being alne can als be relaxing and amazing.
D. All in all, relax and have a wnderful hliday.
E. In this way, yu will have chances t be clse t nature.
（G）
Driven t See Mvies
Have yu ever thught f a new idea that yu wuld like t try? In the 1930s, a man named Richard Hllingshead did. He thught f an idea t bring tgether his tw favrite interests: cars and mvies. He wanted t start a business. 1 .
Richard tested the idea in his driveway. First he put a machine called a mvie prjectr （放映机） n his car. Then he put up a sheet （床单）between tw trees. The sheet was like the white screen used in theaters. Richard played a mvie n the screen using the mvie prjectr. Next, Richard placed a radi behind the sheet. 2 . He tried t test whether the sund culd be heard frm the car. He rlled his car windws up and dwn t find the best way t hear the mvie. Finally, he tested whether a mvie culd be seen and heard in the rain. 3 .
In 1933, he pened the first drive in mvie theater. The theater was as big as a ftball field. 4 .
The screen was 30 feet high and 40 feet wide. Speakers were placed next t the screen s the sund culd be heard. Right away, the drive in mvie theater became ppular. The cst t see a mvie was just 25 cents per persn. By the 1950s,there were abut 5 ,000 drive in mvie theaters. They remained ppular until the televisin came alng.
5. But peple wh live near the theater still enjy this fun activity. Tday drive in mvie theaters give peple the same jy as they did mre than 80 years ag.
A. Every test he tried was successful
B. And it was big enugh fr abut 400 cars
C. Sund fr the mvie came frm the radi
D. Peple culd watch mvies frm their cars
E. Tday there are fewer than 800 driver-in mvie theaters
（H）
Great white sharks have becme well knwn in a bad way, fr being scary. _____1_____ Hwever, yu are mre likely t be hit by lightning than attacked by a great white shark.
One reasn why peple dn't like great white sharks is that they are huge. They grw t be nearly 21 feet lng and can weigh up t 5,000 punds. That is abut tw cars lng! But the size is nt typical. Mst great whites are smaller, abut 10 t 15 feet lng. _____2_____.
Great whites are called apex predatrs( 捕食者) because they are at the tp f the fd chain. They have n predatrs and aren't that picky abut what they eat. Great whites are knwn t eat fish, squid, ther sharks, tters, turtles, dlphins, whales, seals, and sea lins. _____3_____ Great whites als eat carrin, which is the remains f dead animals flating( 漂浮 ) in the water.
_____4_____ They have 3,000 teeth, and each is up t 3 inches lng! Their very sharp teeth are
shaped like triangles and have rugh edges that tear int things. Great whites dn't even chew their
fd. They just swallw it dwn. _____5_____.
But, like ther sharks, great whites dn't intentinally( 主动地 ) eat r attack humans. S swim
withut fear.
A. Thse last tw kinds are their favrite fd.
B. That’s still lnger than ne car, thugh.
C. Mvies and ppular stries make them scary.
D. A big meal can satisfy a great white shark fr abut tw mnths.
E. Anther reasn why peple fear great whites is their frightening teeth.
第三讲 新题型阅读补全五选五做题技巧
参考答案
2020年 ACDBE
2019年 CAEDB
2018年 BAECD
CAEBD
ECDAB
BECAD
BDEAC
BEACD
CBEAD
DCABE
CBAED
第一步
读选项，画关键词，暗排序
通读选项，了解每个选项的意思，做到心中有数，至少能知道可供选择的意思范围，以便在短时间内找出正确答案。
第二步
读文章，抓过渡词，找逻辑
通读文章，关注段中各句子之间的逻辑关系，抓住表示并列、转折、因果关系及其他关系的过渡词，为下一步解题做准备。
第三步
先易后难来解题
先填较容易的空，例如文章的段首句、段尾句或与选项有明显逻辑关系的句子；再填较难的空，这时选择范围会变小，可以反复对比分析，进行选择。
第四步
回读文章定答案
全部题目做完后，把所选择的选项代入原文，检查文章前后是否连贯，所选选项是否和文章的主旨大意相吻合，再次确定答案。
选项中
空格后
代词
空前一句必须有相应名词
选项里有相应名词
冠词
the+n,空前一句必须有相应名词, 必须加the的除外
选项里有相应名词
连词
靠翻译。联系完形填空
A. Hwever, everyne can avid it by taking a few simple steps tday
B. Change yur wrking envirnment
C. This will give yu sense f success
D. it can discurage yu frm getting started
E. yu may be able t keep ging and finish the task
A．In sme places, fast currents（急流）can sweep swimmers away withut warning
B．s an adult shuld always be present
C．But swimming can als be dangerus
D．a few secnds can make a big difference
E．Or yu culd hit yur head n the bttm
话题
体裁
字数
建议用时
实际用时
正确率
星级
日常生活类
记叙文
280
5-7 分钟
_____/5
★★★
话题
体裁
字数
建议用时
实际用时
正确率
星级
日常生活类
记叙文
327
6-8 分钟

_____/5
★★★