高中英语 素能提升演练(二十一) Unit1 新人教版必修5

这是一份人教版 (2019)本册综合一课一练，共7页。
素能提升演练（二十一）必修5  Unit 1Ⅰ. 用方框中所给单词或短语的适当形式填空 put forward;link. . . to. . . ;apart from;lead to;make sense;expose. . . to;look               into;be to blame;defeat;suspect1. This essay is quite good _______ a couple of spelling mistakes. 2. I wrote a letter of complaint, and the manager has promised to _______ the matter. 3. There is no doubt that stress can _______ physical illness. 4. The police _______the man in the red jacket was a criminal, but they didn’t have any evidence. 5. I don’t think it _______ to focus only on providing basic services. 6. A new approach to teaching languages was _______ at the meeting last week. 7. These colors will not last if they are _______ the sun. 8. Scientists now _____certain types of cancer __ the amount of junk food that people eat. 9. We were _______ 0－1 in the football game, which made us very upset. 10. It is not the child but his parents who _______ for this. Ⅱ. 完成句子 1. I feel it is your husband _______________________ for the spoiled child.  (blame)我感觉对于这个宠坏了的孩子你丈夫应受责备。2. The fact ____________________________ made it difficult for him to get a job in that country.  (attend)他没上过大学这个事实使他在这个国家找工作变得困难。3. So _____________________ reading a novel that he found time passed quickly in the summer vacation.  (absorb )他读小说如此专注，以致他发现暑假时间过得真快。4. Doctor Wang became excited when he thought about helping the poor children_____________________ cholera.  (expose)王大夫一想到能帮助那些可能染上霍乱的贫困儿童他就非常激动。5. It’s well known to us that in no case _________________________ without having a wide investigation.  (conclusion)我们都知道在没有进行广泛的调查之前我们决不能贸然得出结论。6. I think you need some outdoor exercise. Plenty of fresh air will        ___________________________________ . (contribute)我认为你需要户外锻炼，足够的新鲜空气会有利于健康。7. In order to bring up her daughter to be an educated woman, she has no choice but _____________________.  (strict)为了把女儿培养成有涵养的人，她别无选择只得对她严格要求。8. Only when I entered the senior high school _____________________ a great interest in poems.  (show) 只有当我进入高中时我才开始对诗歌产生浓厚的兴趣。9. I was pleased to find that the apartment ________________________________  was in a quiet neighborhood, with many trees and enough fresh air to breathe.  (advertise)我很高兴地发现在报纸上做广告的房屋竟然在环境幽静，绿树成荫，空气新鲜的地方。10. It was his rich experiences _____________________ the success of his novel.  (contribute)他丰富的经历对他的小说成功起了很大作用。Ⅲ. 阅读理解    Linus Pauling，the only person who has won two undivided Nobel Prizes，was born in Portland，Oregon. He attended Washington High School but because of an unimportant detail he did not receive his diploma until 1962，long after he had received his Bachelor’s degree in chemical engineering from Oregon State College in 1922. He had chosen to study his major because he could get a good job with it.   He won the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1954 for his research into the nature of the chemical bond and its application to the explanation of the structure of complex substance. His interest in the “behavior” of molecules(分子) led him from physical chemistry to biological chemistry，especially of the human body. He began with proteins and their main parts，the amino acids(氨基酸)，which are called the “building blocks of life”. In 1950，he constructed the first satisfactory model of a protein molecule，a discovery very important to the understanding of the living cell.                During World WarⅡ，Pauling was a member of the Research Board for National Security，for which he was awarded the Presidential Medal of Merit in 1948. However，the use of the atomic bomb near the end of the war turned Pauling in a new direction. Having long worked on the structure of molecules，he took an immediate interest in the deadly effects of nuclear fallout on human molecular structures.   From then on，Pauling protested the production of the hydrogen bombs and supported the prevention of the spread of nuclear weapons. Through his efforts，The Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty，declaring all nuclear tests to be illegal except underground ones，came into effect on October 10, 1963，the same day Linus Pauling was awarded the Nobel Prize for Peace. 1. From the first Paragraph，we learn that Linus Pauling _____ . A. didn’t study hard while in Washington High SchoolB. is the only scientist who has won two Nobel PrizesC. was once badly treated in Washington High SchoolD. chose to study chemical engineering to earn his living2. Which of the following things did Pauling pay much attention to at first? A. The “behavior” of molecules. B. Physical chemistry. C. Biological chemistry. D. The human body. 3. During World WarⅡ, Linus Pauling _____ . A. had to stop his research because of the warB. made great contributions to the safety of the countryC. joined the army to fight for the safety of the countryD. took part in researching nuclear bombs4. Which of the following is legal according to The Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty? A. The use of nuclear weapons. B. Testing hydrogen bombs on the ground. C. Testing hydrogen bombs under the surface of the ground. D. The production of the hydrogen bombs. 5. The main idea of the passage is to show________. A. Linus Pauling’s attitude towards nuclear weaponsB. Linus Pauling’s contributions to the worldC. Linus Pauling’s research on the structure of moleculesD. Linus Pauling’s getting the Nobel Prize for Peace6. 用30个左右的词概括短文大意
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Ⅳ. 读写任务  阅读下面的短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。  Helen Keller suffered from a strange sickness when she was only 19 months old. It made her completely blind and deaf. For the next five years she had no way of successfully communicating with other people. Then a teacher Anne Sullivan arrived from Boston to help her. Miss Sullivan herself had once been blind. She tried to teach Helen to live like other people. She taught her how to use her hands as a way of speaking. Miss Sullivan stayed with Helen for many years. She taught Helen how to read, how to write and how to speak. She helped her to get ready for school and college. More than anything, Helen wanted to do what others did, and do it just as well. In time Helen did go to college and completed her studies with high honors. But it was a hard struggle. Few of the books she needed were written in the Braille language that the blind could read by touching pages. Miss Sullivan and others had to teach her what was in these books by forming words in her hands. The study of geometry and physics was especially difficult. Helen could only learn about squares, triangles and other geometrical forms by making them with wires. She kept feeling the different shapes of these wires until she could see them in her mind.   Helen Keller died on June 1st, 1968. She was 87 years old. Her message of courage and hope remains. She is respected world-widely as a pride of human beings. 【写作内容】1．以约30个词概括短文的要点。2．以“Efforts Lead to Success”为主题，写一篇120词左右的短文，描写你自己的经历。要点包括：(1)原来的状况；(2)对付困难的做法；(3)努力后的具体表现或效果；(4)你自己对Efforts Lead to Success的感想。【写作要求】1．可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不得直接引用原文的句子；2．描写的经历可以是真实的或者是虚构的；3．作文中不得出现真实的姓名和学校名称。【评分标准】概括准确，语言规范，内容合适，语篇连贯。   答案解析Ⅰ. 1. apart from    2. look into    3. lead to    4. suspected    5. makes sense 6. put forward      7. exposed to   8. link  to  9. defeated    10. are to blameⅡ. 1. who/that is to blame2. that he hadn’t attended university/college 3. absorbed was he in 4. (who were) exposed to 5. can we draw/come to/arrive at/reach a conclusion 6. contribute to good health7. to be strict with her8. did I begin/start to show 9. (which/that was) advertised in the newspaper 10. that contributed greatly to Ⅲ. 1. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。从第一段的最后一句话“He had chosen to study his major because he could get a good job with it. ”我们可以得出正确答案为D选项。2.【解析】选B。推理判断题。从第二段的第二句话“His interest in the ‘behavior’ of molecules led him from physical chemistry to biological chemistry，especially of the human body. ”我们可以看出，Pauling的兴趣发生了变化，从physical chemistry 转到了biological chemistry上，所以我们可以得出正确答案为B选项。3.【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第三段的第一句话“During World WarⅡ，Pauling was a member of the Research Board for National Security，for which he was awarded the Presidential Medal of Merit in 1948. ”我们可以得出正确答案为B选项。4.【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据最后一段的最后一句话“Through his efforts，The Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty，declaring all nuclear tests to be illegal except underground ones，came into effect on October 10, 1963，the same day Linus Pauling was awarded the Nobel Prize for Peace. ”我们可以得出正确答案为C选项。5.【解析】选B。主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了Linus Pauling一生的成就及其对世界的贡献，所以应该选择B选项。6. This passage mainly talks about the great American chemical scientist, Linus Pauling, who made great achievements in chemistry and made great contributions to the world. Ⅳ. 【参考范文】 Efforts Lead to Success  This passage tells us that Helen Keller managed to complete her studies at college in her struggling way. It speaks for the truth that one has to make great efforts if he wants to be successful in a certain field.   Another story in point is myself. I speak very fluent English now. But six years ago, however, I was not able to speak a single word. So I decided to start to learn it from ABC. Having entered an English evening school, I spent 15 hours a day listening, reading, speaking and writing on weekends. When I had difficulties, I never gave in. After three years’ hard work, I could communicate with the native speakers. Now I am the No. 1 candidate for the English Speaking Contest in our school, owing to my excellent performance in English.   My story and Helen Keller’s make me believe one’s efforts will be rewarded in success if he is greatly determined and persistent in achieving his goal.