高中英语 素能提升演练(十一) Unit1 新人教版必修3

素能提升演练（十一）

必修3  Unit 1

Ⅰ．单词拼写

1．You must be _______ (饿了)! Come and have lunch.

2．I am now ________ (收集) convincing information for my paper.

3. My father told me he hadn’t much _____ (信任)in doctors of traditional Chinese medicine.

4. It is hard to know the _______ (起源) of the human race, that is, how the human race came out.

5．No one is to see the document without the ________ (许可) of the writer of the report.

6．It’s _______ (很显然) that you need more time to think it over.

7．To get the job done，one should be ________ (精力充沛的) and hard-working.

8．He was _______ (钦佩) as a true scientist and hard worker.

9．You’d better _______ (道歉) to Mary for having kept her waiting for hours outside.

10．I could understand her being angry，but I’ll still never _______ (原谅) her the way she treated me afterwards.

Ⅱ．完成句子

1. As is known to all, the Spring Festival __________________ to all the Chinese. (mean)

众所周知，春节对中国人来说意味着许多。

2. Was there anybody studying in Japan when the 3. 11 Earthquake __________?  (take)

当日本3. 11大地震发生时有人在日本学习吗？

3. Many kids don’t think that it would _________________________________ to get into the habit of smoking. (harm)

许多年轻人认为养成抽烟的习惯不会给他们带来伤害。

4. They set up a monument in memory of those to _______________________. (lead)

他们立了一个纪念碑以纪念那些因战争而死的人。

5. They have decided to design the gym __________________________. (shape)

他们已决定设计一个蘑菇形状的体育馆。

6. China and Japan have mid-autumn festivals, when ____________________ and in China, enjoy mooncakes. (admire)

中日都过中秋节，届时人们赏月，在中国还吃月饼呢。

7. Towards weekends, all the students _____________________ going home and staying with their family. (look)

快到周末时，所有学生都盼望着与家人团圆。

8. He was acting _________________________, which, of course, set off his teacher’s anger. (though)

他的举止就像那不是课堂，这让老师大发雷霆。

9. You must ________________ once you make a promise. (word)

一旦许诺你一定要信守诺言。

10. As a saying puts, “You’ll get sadder and sadder _________________________. (drown)

常言道，借酒消愁愁更愁。

Ⅲ．阅读理解

(A)

The United States is one of the few countries in the world that has an official day on which fathers are honoured by their children. On the third Sunday in June, fathers all across the United States are given presents, treated to dinner or otherwise made to feel special.

However，the idea for creating a day for children to honour their fathers began in Spokane，Washington．A woman by the name of Sonora Smart Dodd thought of the idea for Father’s Day while listening to a Mother’s Day sermon in 1909．Having been raised by her father，Henry Jackson Smart，after her mother died，Sonora wanted her father to know how special he was to her．

It was her father that made all the parental sacrifices and was，in the eyes of his daughter，a selfless and loving man．Sonora’s father was born in June，so she chose to hold the first Father’s Day celebration in Spokane，Washington on the 19th of June，1910．

In 1924, President Calvin Coolidge declared the third Sunday in June as Father’s Day．Roses are the Father’s Day flowers：red to be worn for a living father and white if the father has died．

When children can’t visit their fathers or take them out to dinner，they send a greeting card．Traditionally，fathers prefer greeting cards that are not too sentimental．Most greeting cards are too special so fathers laugh when they open them．Some give heartfelt thanks for being there whenever the child needs Dad．

1．The United States is special in Father’s Day because _______.

A．many people celebrate the day

B．only America celebrates the day

C．America makes it an official day

D．all men are honoured in America

2．At first，Father’s Day was fixed on June 19th because _______.

A．Sonora honoured her father on her father’s birthday

B．Sonora’s birthday was June 19th

C．it was decided by the President at that time

D．her mother died on June 19th

3．How many years has passed before Father’s Day became an official day since the Father’s Day was celebrated?

A．4．   B．10．   C．14．    D. 24．

4．According to the passage，on Father’s Day，_______.

A．people will wear the same flowers to honour their fathers

B．only daughters wear red flowers to honour their fathers

C．children must go home to honour their fathers

D．fathers are often honoured in different ways

5．According to the passage，we can infer that Henry Jackson Smart _______．

A．was very kind to anyone

B．did a lot for his daughter

C．was the first father honoured in 1924

D．always helped others by giving money

6. 用30个左右的词概括短文大意

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

(B)

When did you last visit a shopping mall?  In many places, the answer would be“last weekend”. Some people go even more often. Why?  For one thing, malls offer goods and services that people need all in one place: food, clothing, things for their houses, entertainment, even medical services. So, are malls one of the highlights of modern civilization?  Environmental activists would say “No!  ” They would go even further and say that consumers’ behavior is causing a huge environmental disaster. They cause consumers of ignorance of the side effect of their shopping—urban sprawl(扩大).

Social scientists agree that patterns of development have changed the landscape a great deal in the last half century. Prior to 1950, most people lived in towns or cities and either walked to work or took public transportation. Only very wealthy people had automobiles. Farmers lived in rural areas or isolated villages and came into town only when they needed things they couldn’t produce themselves. If you gazed at the landscape you would see towns surrounded by countryside. Then a massive change occurred.

Automobiles became affordable and people were quick to adopt them. Now ambitious workers could live in the suburbs, the areas just outside cities, which started to grow rapidly. As long as there was lots of cheap land in the suburbs, no one paid much attention to the usage of that land. Malls, fast food restaurants, cinemas, and car dealerships spread out in large, flat buildings. These one-storey buildings and their parking lot took up a great deal of space. Well-meaning farmers thought they were better off selling their land than growing crops. In ignorance, no one realized that once the land was built up in urban sprawl, the good farming land would be ruined forever. There was no way to preserve it.

Only in recent years have people come to mourn the old way of life as they have developed insight into the problems of unconditional growth. Now people realize that urban sprawl has come with serious environmental problems. The negative aspects of sprawl include air and water pollution, loss of agricultural land, traffic jams, and the death of businesses in the old town centers. Many scholars think the time has come to analyze the problems better so we can develop appropriate policies to control further sprawl. Some think the best way to do is to educate citizens about their priceless environment.

7. What is mainly discussed in the passage?

A. Weekend Fun       B. Urban Sprawl

C. New Automobiles      D. Isolated Villages

8. What does the underlined word“They” refer to in the first paragraph? 

A. Malls.          B. Activists.

C. Farmers.         D. Scientists.

9. Who do activists blame for environmental problems?

A. Endangered animals.      B. Shopping mall owners.

C. Unthinking shoppers.      D. Ambitious farmers.

10. What do scholars think should be done about urban sprawl?

A. Understand the situations better.

B. Follow customary policies.

C. Start school in shopping malls.

D. Charge polluters a lot of money.

11. What is the scholars’ attitude towards urban sprawl?

A. Respectful.        B. Disapproving.

C. Pessimistic.        D. Doubtful.

答案解析

Ⅰ．1．starving 2．gathering   3. belief   4. origin

5．permission   6．obvious   7．energetic   8．admired

9．apologize   10．forgive

Ⅱ．1. means a lot/very much

2. took place

3. do them any harm/do harm to them/harm them

4. whose death the war led

5. in the shape of a mushroom

6. people admire the moon

7. are looking forward to

8. as though it were not in class

9. keep your word

10. if you drown your sadness in wine”

Ⅲ．1．【解析】选C。细节理解题。从文章的第一段第一句The United States is one of the few countries in the world that has an official day on which fathers are honoured by their children. 可知。

2．【解析】选A。细节理解题。从文章的第三段第二句可知，为了表达对父亲的爱，Sonora选择父亲的生日这一天为第一个父亲节的日期。

3．【解析】选C。推理判断题。第三段告诉我们，Sonora在1910年第一次庆祝父亲节；第四段告诉我们，1924年Calvin Coolidge总统宣布父亲节为法定节日，历时14年。

4．【解析】选D。细节理解题。从文章的最后两段可知，父亲节的庆祝方式多种多样。

5．【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据文章的第二、三段可知，她的父亲无私、仁慈，她母亲死后，是她父亲把她养大的，因此可以推知她的父亲一定为她做了很多。

6. The passage mainly tells us something of Father’s Day in the United States. It is an official day in America, when fathers are given presents. We can also know how it came into being in America from this passage.

7.【解析】选B。主旨大意题。第一段“They cause consumers of ignorance of the side effect of their shopping—urban sprawl. ”，第三段“In ignorance, no one realized that once the land was built up in urban sprawl”以及第四段“Now people realize that urban sprawl has come with serious environmental problems. ”中都提到“urban sprawl”，故B项正确；A、C、D三项虽然在文中出现了，但都是细节，不是主题。

8.【解析】选A。词义猜测题。根据第一段“For one thing, malls offer goods and services that people need all in one place: food, clothing, things for their houses, entertainment, even medical services. So, are malls one of the highlights of modern civilization? ”可知，A项正确。

9. 【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第一段“They would go even further and say that consumers’ behavior is causing a huge environmental disaster. ”可知，行动主义者认为消费者盲目、不计后果的消费造成了这一后果，故C项正确。

10.【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据最后一段“Many scholars think the time has come to analyze the problems better so we can develop appropriate policies to control further sprawl. Some think the best way to do is to educate citizens about their priceless environment. ”可知，权威人士认为只有更好地分析问题让市民引起重视，才能够制定相关的政策解决问题，故A项正确。

11.【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据最后一段最后两句“Many scholars think. . . their priceless environment”可知他们是不赞同城市扩张的。