最新中考英语话题专项训练话题十五 科学知识与现代技术、通信课件PPT

这是一份最新中考英语话题专项训练话题十五 科学知识与现代技术、通信课件PPT，共29页。PPT课件主要包含了BDBDADCACD，ACBACDBDBA，for　，be　，surprised　，robot，　like，helpful，　ask　，much　等内容，欢迎下载使用。

( B )　B.wh　C.whse　D./( D )　B.when　C.what　D.hw( B )3.A.a　B.an　C.the　D./( D )　B.was cvering　 C.is cvered　D.was cvered( A ) a　B.what　C.hw a　D.hw( D ) see B.never saw C.will never see D.have never seen( C )　B.when　C.befre　D.as sn as( A )　B.in　C.thrugh　D.by( C )　B.carrying　C.t carry　D.carried( D )　B.needn’t　C.needed　D.didn’t need
二、完形填空Every year, malaria ( 疟疾 )takes thusands f lives arund the wrld, especially in Africa.But a Chinese scientist 　1　 Tu Yuyu fund a way t fight this disease.She 　2　 a cmmn plant in China.It is sweet wrmwd ( 青蒿 ). In 1969, many peple in China had malaria.Tu, an expert in Chinese medicine, had t find a way t 　3　 it.But her medical equipment was nt gd enugh.Smetimes she had t test 　4　 by trying it herself! Over the years, she tested ver 2,000 prescriptins ( 药方 ). Tu read ld Chinese bks t 　5　 prescriptins.One day, she fund a new plant—sweet wrmwd.She began t make extracts ( 提取物 )frm it.In 1971, after mre than 190 　6　, Tu fund an extract that was 100-percent effective against malaria 　7　. Sn, peple all ver the wrld began t use the new drug.The drug is nt nly effective, but als 　8　.Peple in pr cuntries can be cured.Frm 2000 t 2015, the drug 　9　 ver 6,200,000 lives. In 2015, Tu wn the Nbel Prize in Physilgy r Medicine.She was the first native Chinese scientist t win this prize.Tu never cmplains abut hw hard she wrks.“I feel mre rewarded 　10　 I see s many cured patients,” she said. 
( A )　B.asked　C.made　D.tld( C )　B.has　C.uses　D.takes( B )　B.stp　C.tuch　D.kill( A )B.ability　C.knwledge　D.machine( C ) at　B.lk after　C.lk fr　D.lk at( D )　B.persns　C.plants　D.failures( B )　B.finally　C.early　D.quickly( D )　B.bitter　C.expensive　D.cheap( B )　B.saved　C.fund　D.knew( A )　B.if　C.unless　D.until
三、阅读理解( 注意:近三年阅读理解B篇均为科技类说明文,此类文章一定要在平时多加练习。为加大此类文章的练习,下面A、B、C篇均为科技类说明文。 )
AOn a Sunday afternn, a giant “ancient city” appeared n the surface f Hngze Lake in Jiangsu prvince.But after abut half an hur, the “city” was gne.Yu might think that sme unknwn frces were at wrk.But it’s believed that the “city n the lake” was actually a mirage( 海市蜃楼 ).A mirage is a trick that light and air play with ur visin( 视觉 ).Nrmally, light travels in a straight line, but it can bend ( 弯曲 )and change directin depending n what it passes thrugh.This bending is called “ refractin”.If different layers( 层 )f air are at different temperatures, light will bend at different angles( 角度 )when passing thrugh them.This can create a false image f a nearby bject.Take the “city n the lake” as an example.The layer f air near the lake is clder than the higher layers, as the lake absrbs( 吸收 )mst f the heat.The buildings in the mirage were actually n a nearby muntain.But their image shwed up abve the lake after light refracted in different layers f air.Mirages happen nt nly ver large bdies f water, but anywhere where the grund can absrb a lt f heat.They are ften seen n ht rads and in deserts.The next time yu think yu see a pl f water n the rad n a ht summer day, yu will knw it’s just a mirage—an image f the sky caused by bending light.
( C )1.The underlined wrd “refractin” means “　　　　” in Chinese. A.反射　B.直射　C.折射　D.照射( C )2.A mirage is 　　　　. A.an image f a building nearby　B.peple’s imaginatinC.an image f the sky caused by bending light　D.an image f the mirrr’s refractin
( C )3.Light will bend at different angles when 　　　　. A.it passes thrugh different layers f different shapesB.its heat is absrbed by waterC.it passes thrugh different layers f different temperaturesD.the layer f the air near the sea is as cl as the higher layers
( B )4.Which f the fllwing is right?A.If yu see a pl in a desert, it must be a yu see a mdern city n the surface f a lake, it must be a mirage is made by sme unknwn ,light can travel in different lines.
( A )5.The best title fr the passage may be 　　　　. A.Mystery f MiragesB.Light’s Travel LineC.Different Images f ObjectsD.Light’s Refractin
BFrty-six years ag n April 24, China launched( 发射 )its first spacecraft, satellite Dngfanghng-1, and marked the cuntry’s first majr success in the space industry.And this year, April 24 was fficially made China’s Space Day.Meanwhile, the gvernment als annunced a set f new space plans, setting sights n a space statin, Mars and beynd.A space statin is like a hme fr astrnauts in space.Astrnauts can live, d research and even park spaceships there.China plans t finish building its space statin in 2022.Accrding t China’s tp space scientist Zhu Jianping, by that year, becming an astrnaut will be a nrmal jb because mre space wrk means needing many mre astrnauts than ever befre.And they als need t be able t carry ut different tasks.S they must have different kinds f knwledge and skills.“We’ve been chsing astrnauts mainly frm pilts.Nw we will als pick them frm engineers, dctrs and space technlgy experts.”Anther plan that has drawn much attentin is China’s Mars missin( 任务 ).China will launch a prbe ( 探测器 )t Mars arund 2020.It will land n the planet and even carry back samples ( 样本 )frm the surface f Mars, an actin that never has been achieved by any cuntry.“It’s such a big plan,” said Zhang Rngqia, chief designer f China’s Mars missin.“Only by ding this can China say it has started the explratin f deep space in a true sense.”
( C )6.The underlined wrd“them” in the secnd paragraph refers t 　　　　. A.engineers　B.dctrsC.astrnauts　D.space technlgy experts( D )7.In a space statin, astrnauts can NOT 　　　　. A.live　B.park spaceshipsC.d research　D.land n the Mars
( C )8.Accrding t Zhu Jianping, 　　　　. A.becming an astrnaut will nt be a nrmal jb B.astrnauts dn’t need t carry ut different missinsC.mre space wrk needs mre astrnautsD.they will still chse astrnauts mainly frm pilts( C )9.　　　　 has/have launched a prbe t Mars t carry back samples. A.Only China　B.Many cuntries C.N cuntry　D.Only Zhang Rngqia
( D )10.What’s the best title f this passage?A.Chinese Spacecraft　 B.Chinese Space StatinC.China’s Mars Missin　 D.Chinese Space Industry
CD yu ever feel like yur thughts are ging arund in circles? One minute, yu’re thinking abut yur hmewrk.The next minute, yu’re thinking abut yur plans fr the weekend.Is it pssible fr us t slw ur thughts dwn r even stp them cmpletely?It depends n yur definitin( 定义 )f “thinking”, accrding t Michael Halassa, a researcher at MIT, the US.We basically g thrugh each day in ne f tw states—we either realize that we’re thinking r we dn’t.Our brains wn’t stp thinking cmpletely until we die.“The brain never actually stps‘thinking’ in a brader( 更广的 ) sense.Mst thughts are actually in the backgrund( 在后面进行 )withut us nticing them and there’s nt really a way t turn these things ff,” Halassa said.Human brains can uncnsciusly prcess ( 无意识地处理 )abut 11 millin pieces f infrmatin per secnd, accrding t Frbes.Yu can cmpare this t hw a cmputer wrks.Even when yu aren’t using yur cmputer while it’s turned n, it is still running peratins “in the backgrund”.Yur cmputer, much like yur brain, is cnstantly “thinking”, even if yu’re nt actively using it.Sme researchers have referred t this phenmenn( 现象 )as “thught-chatter ”.It describes the randm( 胡乱的 )thughts that pp in and ut f ur mind at different times during the day, accrding t Steve Taylr, a psychlgy lecturer( 讲师 ).Sme thught-chatter can be enjyable, such as daydreaming.Albert Einstein came up with his famus The Thery f Relativity( 相对论 )while daydreaming at wrk.But t much thught-chatter can make us feel t anxius r wrried, Taylr said.Meditatin ( 冥想 )can help us clean up sme f this thught-chatter.
( B )11.When “yur thughts are ging arund in circles”, yu 　　　　. A.are thinking abut ne thing repeatedly B.are thinking abut ne thing after antherC.cannt think abut a prblem very clearlyD.cannt stp thinking abut past events
( A )12.What des Paragraph 4 try t prve?A.Human brains are thinking all the brains wrk faster than cmputers.C.A cmputer can deal with plenty f infrmatin.D.A cmputer can think like a human brain.
( D )13.The underlined wrd “thught-chatter”means “　　　　” in Chinese. A.冥思苦想B.朝思暮想 C.静思冥想 D.胡思乱想( B )14.Accrding t the stry, the wrd “　　　　”can be used t describe ur brains. A.crazyB.busy C.randm D.relaxed
( C )15.What’s the passage mainly abut?A.The way hw ur brains wrk.B.Hw t stp ur thughts frm is thught-chatter?D.The benefits and harms f thught-chatter.
四、短文填空One American university used a rbt as ne f the teachers t help students with their prblems.And nne f the students knew that was a rbt.Jill Watsn, a rbt made in that university, has been helping the students 1.　fr　 a lng time.When answering their questins, Jill seems t 2.　be　 an excellent teacher.She can give wnderful answers in a minute.She sunds natural and usually says gd wrds. When smene tld the students that their “teacher” was a rbt, they gt very 3.　surprised　.“Hw was it pssible? I was talking t a 4.　rbt　?” said Bailey.“She sunds 5.　like　 a cmmn teacher.” Anther students Jennifer tld the newspaper, “We are thinking abut chsing Jill Watsn t be ur best teacher.She is really 6.　helpful　.” Nw many students like t 7.　ask　 questins n their schl website.It usually takes teachers t 8.　much　 time t answer them.S the university has such 9.　an　 idea f making Jill Watsn.It’s a faster way t help the students with their prblems. Jill can quickly find pssible answers in her 10.　wn　 cmputer t the questins and make sure they are all right.After that, she tells the students in an electrnic vice that sunds like a famus actress. 
五、读写综合A.回答问题请阅读下面关于我国一些重大科技成就的文章,根据所提供的信息,回答后面的问题。
Big changes have taken place in science and technlgy in recent years.Many f these innvatins ( 创新 )have helped China catch up with ther scientific pwerhuses( 强国 )r even lead in sme fields. China is amng the wrld’s research leaders in chemistry, materials science and physics.It has als made breakthrughs in hybrid rice( 杂交水稻 ), clning technlgy, deep-sea and space explratin.Take hybrid rice as an example.Chinese agricultural scientist Yuan Lngping develped the first strain( 品种 )in 1970 and the crp has been feeding the cuntry since then.By the end f 2018, farmers in mre than 40 cuntries and regins( 地区 ) had planted mre than 7 millin hectares( 公顷 )f the crp.The Jialng, China’s first manned deep-sea research submersible( 潜水器 ), went int service in 2010.It made China the fifth cuntry, after the United States, Russia, France and Japan, t develp deep-sea explratin technlgy.In space explratin, in 2018, China became the first cuntry t send a prbe( 探测器 )t the Mn’s far side, which always faces away frm the Earth.In January,2019, Chinese scientists annunced the clning f five mnkeys frm a macaque ( 猕猴 )fr bimedical( 生物医学的 )research—the first time in the wrld that this had been dne.Still, China needs t wrk harder in key technlgical fields such as micrchip( 微芯片 )develpment and engine manufacturing ( 发动机制造 ), said Du Xiankang, president f Wuhan University.China will first need t attract mre talented researchers, accrding t Du.Secndly, the gvernment needs t ffer mre plicy and market supprt, as well as invest( 投资 )mre in human resurces, t encurage innvatin( 创新 ).
1.In which aspects is China becming ne f the wrld’s research leaders? 2.Hw many cuntries and regins had planted hybrid rice by the end f 2018? 
China is becming ne f the wrld’s research leaders in chemistry, materials science and physics.Mre than 40 cuntries and regins had planted hybrid rice by the end f 2018.
4.What did Chinese scientists clne in January,2019? 
3.What’s China’s achievement in space explratin in 2018?
China became the first cuntry t send a prbe t the Mn’s far side.Chinese scientists clned five mnkeys frm a macaque fr bimedical research.
5.What will China need t d t encurage innvatin in the future?
China will need t attract mre talented researchers and ffer mre plicy and market supprt, as well as invest mre in human resurces, t encurage innvatin.
B.书面表达我们正处于科技发展日新月异的时代,科技创新为我们的生活带来了巨大的变化。共享单车、支付宝、淘宝、高铁被誉为我国的“新四大发明”,它们大大地影响着我们的生活。请你以“My favurite new inventin”为题写一篇短文。内容包括:1.介绍你最喜欢的一项新科技;2.阐述你喜欢它的原因( 至少两点 ); 3.你对未来生活的期待。
作文要求:1.不能照抄原文;不得在作文中出现学校的真实名称和学生的真实姓名。2.语句连贯,词数80个左右。开头已给出,不计入总词数。