初中英语牛津版 (深圳&广州)八年级上册（2013秋审查）Unit 1 Encyclopaedias教案

这是一份初中英语牛津版 (深圳&广州)八年级上册（2013秋审查）Unit 1 Encyclopaedias教案，共12页。教案主要包含了学习目标，课前小测，要点梳理，当堂小测，课后练习等内容，欢迎下载使用。

 八上 Unit 1 Encyclopaedias 词汇 & 句型
【学习目标】
1.掌握unit1课后单词和重点短语
2.课文中的重点短语和句型结构
3.理解课文Look it up,Australia’s big attractions 并熟记里面的重点句型
【课前小测】
一、词组默写
1. 在乡村；在农村_______________ 2. 从小时候起 ________________
3. 学会做某事_______________ 4. 例如___________ 5. 人________
6. 和……一样_____________ 7. 灭绝；消失____________
8. 了解(到)；弄清 ____________ 9. 去散步 ________________
10. 拍……的照片________________ 12. 对……重要的________________
二、单项选择
( ) 1. —Do your grandparents live with you in this city?
—No. They live in the countryside.
A. market B. garden C. place outside the city
( ) 2. —I think you should not play computer games during the weekdays.
—Well, perhaps you’re right.
A. maybe B. finally C. hardly
( ) 3. —The air now is bad for human beings in some cities in China.
—That’s terrible. We should pay more attention to the air pollution.
A. animals B. people C. plants
( ) 4. —Jerry has the ability to make new friends. —What a smart boy!
A. is good at making B. is interested in making C. is able to make
( ) 5. —Are there dinosaurs in the world now?
—No. They died out many years ago.
A. disappeared B. remained C. doubled
( ) 6. —How many students are there in your class?
—There are more than fifty students in our class.
A. less than B. over C. only
( ) 7. —When I arrived at the party, I found I knew nobody there.
—That's impossible.
A. some people B. all people C. no one
( ) 8. —We can learn about Indian history from these books.
—I really can't agree more.
A. teach students B. think about C. get information about
三．用所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. It is useful (learn) a foreign language.
2. Can you help me (carry) the box, Lily?
3. Remember (write) to me when you get to Beijing.
4. I need some (potato) . Do you have any?
5. About two (million ) people listened to the programme.
6. I think telephone is one of the most important (invent) in the world.
7. Tom wants to be a (cook) in the future.
【要点梳理】
重点短语：
1. be born 出生
give birth to 生（孩子）
2. in the countryside/village/country 在乡村
in the city 在城市
3. around the world 全世界
all over the world
4. for example 例如
such as
5. more than 多于
less than 少于
6. human being 人类
human
7. die out 消失；灭绝
8. see the doctor
go to the doctor （去）看医生
go to see the doctor
9. at the end of 在……末端/尽头
by the end of 到……末为止
in the end 最后，终于
10. be famous for 以……而闻名
be famous as 作为……而出名
11. some…others… 一些……另一些
12. find out 了解；弄清楚
13. go for a walk 去散步
take/have a walk
14. next to=beside 紧挨着；在……旁边
15. look like 看起来像……
16. break open 破开；裂开
break up 打碎；破碎
break down 分解；发生故障
17. in the centre of… 在……中心
18. one day 一天，（将来）某一天
some day 总有一天；将来某一天
19. learn…from… 从……中学会；向……学习……
20. learn about 了解；学到关于……的内容
21. be made in+ 地点 在某地制造
22. a type/kind of… 一种…… all kinds of..各种各样的
23. be important to sb. 对某人很重要
24. consist of… 由……组成
25. be made up of…
26. on Earth 在地球上
27. by the window 在窗户旁边
28. a week later 一周后
A. 句型归纳
1. many+ 可数名词复数 许多……
much+不可数名词 大量……
2. like to do sth. 喜欢做某事
like doing sth. 喜欢做某事
3. used to do sth. 过去常常做某事
be used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事
4. help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事
help sb. with sth.
5. remember to do sth. 记着要做某事
remember doing sth. 记得做过某事
6. so much+ 不可数名词 如此多的……
7. make sb. do sth. 使/让某人做某事
8. a number of+可数名词复数 许多，大量（作主语时，谓语动词用复数）
the number of+可数名词复数 ……的数量（作主语时，谓语动词用单数）
9. it+be+adj.(for/of sb.)+to do sth. 做某事（对某人来说）是……的
10. as+形容词/副词原形+as 与……一样……
not as/so +形容词/副词原级 不如....
11. would like to do sth.
want to do sth. 想要做某事
feel like doing sth.
12. be sure(that)+从句 确定
词形变化
1.invent (v.) 发明--- invention (n.) 发明--- inventor (n.) 发明家
2.ability (n.) 才能--- able (adj.) 有能力的
3.Italian (n.) 意大利人；意大利语 /(adj.) 意大利的---Italy (n.) 意大利
4.intelligence：n.智慧；才能---intelligent：adj. 聪明的
5.suddenly: adv.突然地 --- sudden：adj.突然的
6.win：v. 赢，获胜 -----（过去式）won ---- winner：n.获胜者
7.musician：n.音乐家 --- music：n.音乐 --- musical: adj.音乐的
8.everywhere = here and there 到处，处处
9.artistic：adj.有艺术天赋的 ---art：n.美术，艺术 ----artist: n.艺术家
10.however，= but然而，但是
词汇讲解：
1. Is my encyclopaedia useful, Lo?
useful: 有用的，有益的，有帮助的 a useful book 一本有用的书
1) use +ful= useful *名词+ful= 形容词
2) 以-ful结尾的形容词的反义词多是相应的以-less结尾的形容词。
eg: useful--useless careful--careless helpful--helpless
例子： This dictionary is ______ for me. ( )
A. useful B. use C. usefully
2. Leonardo da Vinci was an Italian painter, inventor, musician,engineer and scientist.
动词后加后缀-er/ -or/-ist/-ian构成一种职业。
eg: teach 教-- teacher 教师 sing 唱-- singer 歌唱家
visit 参观-- visitor 参观者 invent 发明-- inventor 发明家
music音乐-musician音乐家 art艺术--artist艺术家
(1） . He is a ______ ________ 30 students . ( teach)
(2） Cai Lun is an ________ and he _______ paper. ( invent)
(3） She like ________ very much so she want be a _______ in the future. (sing)
3. cook v. 烹饪 My mother cooked a delicious meal for us.
n. 厨师 My father is a famous cook.
cooker n. 厨具 Do you think rice cooker is a useful cooker?
(!) 我爸爸是个厨师，他有很多厨具。
_____________________________________________________________.
4. Look it up! 查阅；查询，强调在词典、参考书等工具书里查阅。
We can look up new words in a dictionary.
【拓展】：look up 仰视；向上看
He looked up from his book as I came into the room.
look的相关短语：

look around 环顾四周look after 照顾 look for 寻找 look forward to 盼望 look like 看起来像
1. She ____________ her mother.
2. My mother will _____________ me
when I am ill.
3. I __________ but did not found anything .
4. I ________________ seeing you again.
5.I can not find my book, I am _______ for it.
5.Da Vinci was born in the countryside.
be born 出生 一般用于过去式 was born/ were born
be born in + 地点 I was born in Guangzhou.
be born in + 某年/某月 Jim was born in July.
be born on+ 具体到某一天 The twins were born on 1st January.
(1) 我在2003年9月8日出生于广州。_____________________________________
(2) 我父母出生于1977年。_____________________________________________
be born with天生具有
Everyone is born with the ability to learn.每个人生来就有学习的能力。
6.From an early age, he showed great intelligence and artistic ability.
show 1) 出示，展示，显露，露出
He showed his photo to me = He showed me his photo.
2) 流露，表示，表现
He showed great interest in science when he was young.
3) 教，告诉，说明，指点
He showed me the way on the map.
Ability 名词 才能，能力 have the ability to do sth.有能力做某事
Do you have any special ability?你有什么特别的才能吗？
7.His painting are very famous , and one, the Mona Lisa, is perhaps the most famous painting in the world.
famous = well-known
be famous for 因.... 而出名（强调原因）以某种知识，技能，特产，特征闻名
be famous as 作为.... 而出名（强调职业）以某种身份而出名
Perhaps 与maybe同义，perhaps可位于句首，句中或句末，maybe常位于句首
选词填空。
（1） He _____________ for an actor.
（2） Beijing ___________ its places of interest.
8.Dinosaurs lived on the Earth more than 60 million years before human beings.
more than 超过；多于，相当于over, less than 少于
There are over 100 people here. =__________________________________
million 百万
1）与具体的数字连用时，不加s ，后面直接接复数名词。
There are about two thousand students in this school.
2) 固定短语：millions of hundred, thousand, billion和million的用法相同
Millions of people help them in different ways.
（1） I will have ________ (两百万) in the future.
（2） ___________ (数以百万计) people will go back their home to stay with their families this Mid-autumn Festival.
Tips: hundred, thousand 和million,有时含糊有时清。
清时无-s和of， 糊时-s和of跟
9. They lived everywhere on Earth.
everywhere 副词 “到处”，相当于here and there
辨析：
everywhere
到处
用于肯定句
nowhere
无处，任何地方都不
用于否定句
anywhere
在任何地方（用于肯定句），无论何处
用于否定句和一般疑问句
somewhere
在某处，在某地
用于肯定句

10.Some dinosaurs were as small as chickens.
As.....as 与.....一样......
1) 当两个比较对象在某方面相同时，用“ as + 形容词/副词原级+as”结构，
表示“（A和B）一样”...... This tree is as tall as that one.
2) 比较两个对象时，若一方不及另一方，则用“not as/so+形容词/副词原级+as”结构，
表示“A不如B....” Our school is not as big as yours.
(1) 我的钱和你一样多。_____________________________________
(2) 我的钱不如你的多。_____________________________________

11.However, some dinosaurs liked to eat meat.
however “然而，但是”
However, this does not always happen.
She falls ill. She goes to work, however, and stays up late.
He says that it is so. He is wrong, however.
however
然而，转折的意味较弱
可位于句首，句中，句末
后面常用逗号分开
He likes music. However, his wife doesn’t.
but
但是；转折的意味很强烈
位于分句的句首
后面不使用逗号
He likes music, but his wife doesn’t.
（1） I love money. ________ , money doesn't love me.
（2） I love money ________ money doesn't love me.
12.Then,suddenly,they all died out.
Suddenly 副词 突然，忽然，指某事发生的快，且出乎意料
Sudden 形容词 突然地，忽然的a sudden illness 突如其来的疾病
Die out 灭绝，消失 不及物动词短语，后不接宾语，不能用于被动语态
Why did the dinosaurs die out?恐龙为什么灭绝了？
与die相关的常见短语：
Die of/from 死于
Die for为....献出生命
Die away 慢慢减弱，渐渐消失
Die off相继死去
Die down 逐渐变弱，逐渐平息
13.Nobody knows why.
nobody 不定代词，“没有人”，相当于 no one. Nobody作主语时，谓语动词 要用单数形式。
There was nobody in the room.
everybody
每个人；人人
somebody
某人
anybody
任何人；无论谁

14.at the end of 在......的末尾；在......的尽头 +时间/地点
There is a park at the end of the road.
We will have an exam at the end of the month.
By the end of到..末为止 后接名词，表时间，可用于进来时或完成时
We’re going to finish the task by the end of this week.到本周末，我们将完成这项任务。
In the end 最后，终于 相当于finally,at last,在句中作状语，可单独使用
Our team beat theirs in the end.最后我们队战胜了他们队
15.used to do 过去常常做某事，并且含有现在已不做之意。
I used to go to that primary school.
Be used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事 可用于现在，过去，将来等多种时态
Be used to do sth 被用来做某事
16.help sb do sth 帮助某人做某事
He often helps me study English.
He often helps me with my English.
【拓展】：help oneself to ... 随便吃些......
Help yourselves to some fish, children.
Can’t help doing .... 禁不住做......
She can’t help laughing.
17.Just remember to think and to dream.
remember 及物动词
Please remember the story.
辨析：remember to do sth 与remember doing sth
remember to do sth
记得去做某事（此事还未做）
Remember to post his letter
记得要为他寄信
remember doing sth
记得已做过某事（此事已做完）
I remember posting his letter
我记得已帮他寄过信。

18.Some were small; others were huge.
some ...others... 一些......另一些......
others 指除去一部分之后的另一些，但不是剩余的全部。
There are lots of people in the park. Some are walking and others are climbing the hill.
some...the others 一些......其余的......,
the others 指剩下的全部包含在内的“其余的人或事物”
There are many children on the beach. Some can swim but the others can’t.
19.How long did dinosaurs live on Earth before they disappeared?
How long “多长时间”用于提问一段时间，还可以提问物体的长度。
--How long will you stay in Hong Kong?
--For ten days.
how often 多久 对频率提问
how soon 多久 对一段时间提问
how many多少，对数量提问
20.Jane Dickinson won Magic TV Quiz.
win 是及物动词，意为“赢得，获胜”，后面接的宾语一般是比赛、辩论或战斗等名词。
Who won the men’s 400 meters race?
We must win today.
beat 击败，打败，胜过， 后面接的宾语是参加比赛的人、团体等。
Li Lei beat Jim and won the first prize.
(1) 韩梅梅打败了李雷赢得了第一。 ________________________________

21.She can find out about many......
find out 了解（到）；弄清；
I try to find out who broke the machine.
辨析：
find out
查明
指通过观察、探索等努力才查明结果
find
发现，找到
强调结果
look for
寻找
强调过程
I lost my pen. I have __________ it everywhere, but I can’t _____it. Could you help me ________ who has found it?
22. be sure+that从句 确信，主语是人，其中that可以省略
I am sure that he will come to see me tomorrow.我确信他明天回来看我.
拓展：be sure to do sth. 一定做某事 用于祈使句表引起他人的注意，用于陈述句表说话人的一种推测，主语不一定是人
Be sure to give your family my regards.务必带我向你的家人问好.
He’s sure to win.他一定能赢.
Be sure of doing sth.对做某事有把握 侧重指主语对某事或某物确定无疑
I am sure of that.我对那件事有把握
Alan is sure of winning before the game.比赛前，艾伦相信自己能获胜。
23.It’s always useful to have an encyclopaedia around the house.
句型：It’s + adj (+for sb) + to do sth. 做某事（对于某人来说）是......的
It’s very important for us to learn English.
look like 看起来像
用法
1. 用作不及物动词,意为“看,望,瞧”。
1)单独使用时,后不跟介词。如:
I looked but saw nothing.我看了,但什么也没看见。
2)和at连用。
Look at these pictures. How beautiful they are!看这些画,它们是多么漂亮啊!
2. 用作连系动词,意为“看起来”。
1)后跟形容词。
如: You look well/fine/healthy.你看起来很健康。
The teacher looks happy. 老师看上去很高兴。
She looks pale. 她面色苍白。
Landy wanted something to make people come to his fruit shop, so he built the Big banana.
make sb do sth 使某人/让某人做某事
1.The boss made me (work) twelve hours a day.
make sb + adj
This terrible news made her sad.
【总结】

【当堂小测】
一．单选题。
1. This morning I some new restaurant on the Internet for I wanted to take Mia to a nice restaurant for her birthday.
A.picked up B. looked up C. cleaned up D. gave up
2. My mother was born a cold morning.
A. on B. at C. in D.during
3. Zhou Jielun is famous a singer.
A. as B. for C. in D. at
4. He wrote songs.
A. hundred B. one hundred C. hundred of D. one hundred of
5. He often helps me my Maths.
A. to B. with C. on D. in
6. My host family tried to cook _________ for me when I studied in London.
A. different something B. different anything
C. something different D. anything different
7. -- _________ do you watch TV every week?
-- Less than two hours. I often have much homework to do.
A. How many B. How much
C. How long D. How often
8. Our team _________ the match. We have got the first place.
A. hit B. beat C. won D. watched
9. --Steven, could you help _________ when he plane will take of on the Internet?
--Sorry, my computer doesn’t work.
A. get on B. find out C.look for D. look after
10. -- I often have hamburgers for lunch.
--You’d better not. It’s bad for you too much junk food.
A. eat B.to eat C. eating D. ate
11. He lost his key. It made him in the cold to wait for his wife’s return.
A.to stay B. stayed C. stays D. stay
12. In our school library there a number of the books on science, and in these year the number of them growing larger and larger.
A.are; is B. is; are C. have; are D. has; is
13. You can get much about the World Expo on the Internet.
A.map B. picture C. ticket D. information
14. birds died because of pollution.
A. Two millions B. Millions of C. Million of D. Two millions of
15. What a find day! Let’s go a walk.
A. for B. at C. out D. in
二、词汇测试
( ) 1. A _______ can think and talk, but an animal can't.
A. human being B. machine C. children
( ) 2. If something happens _______, it happens quickly and unexpectedly (意外地).
A. finally B. suddenly C. actually
( )3. A(n) _______ is a person whose job is playing a musical instrument (乐器）or writing music.
A. singer B. actor C. musician
( ) 4. —What should I prepare for the meeting?
—Nothing. But you'd better take a _______ to write down the important information.
A. break B. picture C. notebook
( ) 5. —Candy, my class ____ the basketball match. —That's really good news. Congratulations!
A. won B. watched C. forgot
( ) 6. —How did you ____ the answer to the question? —I asked my classmates for help.
A. take out B. find out C. rush out
( ) 7. —According to the weather forecast（预报）, it is cool today.
—However, it is ____ hotter than yesterday.
A. sometimes B. even C. never
( )8. A(n) _______ is a book or set of books that has information on a wide variety of topics.
A. inventor B. dinosaur C. encyclopaedia
( )9. A(n) _______ is a person who studies one or more of the natural sciences, for example, physics, chemistry and biology.
A. scientist B. engineer C. musician
( )10. _______ were large reptiles(爬行动物） which lived in prehistoric（史前） times.
A. Rabbits B. Dragons C. Dinosaurs
( )11. Birds have a musical _______. They can sing.
A. fame B. intelligence C. ability 　
( )12. We learn quite a few subjects, _______ English and Maths.
A. included B. including C. include　
( )13. Computer is a very useful _______ in human history.
A. invent B. invention C. inventor
三、用所给单词的适当形式填空
1. Li Lei wants to be a _____________ (music) when he grows up.
2. Da Vinci created many interesting ______________ (draw) in his life.
3. The light bulb is a very important _______________ (invent) in history.
4. Lucy showed high __________________ (intelligent) from an early age.
5. It's necessary for you _________________ (learn) English well.
6. Although he is very young, he is as ________________ (strong) as a cow.
7. Last winter, I learnt about ______________ (make) model planes from my father.
8. I have three classes to attend _______________ (include) an English class.
9. Fortunately（幸运地）, my cousin _______________ (win) a big prize the day before yesterday.
10. Children usually don't have the ________________（able）to write until people teach them to do so.
【课后练习】
一、用所给单词的适当形式填空
1. When I was walking in the street, a dog ________（sudden）jumped out and barked at me.
2. He didn't come to school today and nobody _______ （know）why.
3. I want to be a ___________（science) in the future and I want to make robots.
4. There were lots of __________ (music) in history. They created a lot of wonderful music.
5. All the dinosaurs ___________ (die) out all of a sudden.
6. My friend Berry comes from Italy, so he is an _______ (Italy).
7.Her son is a very _________ (intelligence) boy.
二、语法填空
Elephants are the biggest animals on land now. They are very big. They can’t see very well. (1) _______ (they) eyes are on the side of their heads, so they have to move the whole body (2) _______ (look) at things. All the elephants have very good hearing, (3) ________ they don’t all have big ears.
Elephants live in both Africa and Asia. They can live (4) _________ about 70 years. That is a long time. Elephants spend 75% of the day (5) _______ (eat). They eat a lot of plants and trees. They don’t eat other animals. Elephants also need to drink a lot of water. They drink more than 250 litres (升) of water (6) ________ day.
Elephants are very (7) _________　 (luck) because other animals don’t attack them. Sometimes baby elephants are attacked by lions and crocodiles. However, there (8) _______ (be) a bigger problem for elephants than lions and crocodiles. It’s human beings. Human beings have killed many elephants. (9) _______ (part) of the elephants are worth a lot of money, so people want (10) ________ (get) the parts and sell them. People also kill the elephants when they come close to houses or towns.
三、完形填空
Encyclopaedias can give you facts and information 1 all kinds of subjects. There are different kinds of encyclopaedias, 2 encyclopaedia of science, encyclopaedia of music. Do you know 3 encyclopaedia the following two articles are from?
Tiger is the name of a fierce 4 . They have excellent eyesight and very good sense of smell. They are orange and black. In the past, many of them lived in the world. 5 because of human beings, now they are in danger, do protect tigers or they will 6 soon.
Philippe Bizot is a(n) 7 Mime Master (哑剧大师) from France. He was born in 1967 and 8 learning mine when he was just eight years old. Since then, he has never stopped studying it. At the age of 20, he got the “International Paris Mime Prize”. In the past 30 years, he has given shows to people across the world. Bizot thinks living in a world without 9 gives people the chance to develop their imagination. With 10 props(道具) or dialogues, Bizot gives the performance only by using body movements, gestures and facial expressions(面部表情).
1. A. under B. like C. about
2. A. so that B. such as C. that is
3. A. whose B. where C. which
4.A. animal B. plant C. bird
5. A. So B. But C. And
6.A. look up B. watch out C. die out
7. A. weak B. nervous C. famous
8. A. began B. stopped C. spent
9. A. money B. words C. love
10. A. each B. any C. no
四、阅读理解
Leonardo da Vinci was born on April 15th, 1452 in the area of Florence, Italy. He did many things. He was a scientist, musician, inventor and mathematician. He was also an architect — he knew how to plan the construction (建筑) of buildings. He knew about animals and plants. He could do many things well.
He was famous for his paintings. He painted the Mona Lisa and the Last Supper. They are his most famous paintings. Many people know about them. He started working on the Last Supper in 1495 in Milan. He finished it in 1497. He started working on the Mona Lisa in 1503 in Italy. He finished it in 1506. The Mona Lisa is in France now.
Da Vinci’s paintings are very good. He knew the human being’s body very well. He knew how happy or sad people looked. This made his paintings look vivid (栩栩如生的).
Da Vinci had many ideas for inventions. He drew plans for a plane and a tank (坦克). He had an idea for a calculator (计算器). He also thought of making solar power. Most of his inventions were drawings on paper, and some of these drawings gave us the plan (图纸) for our modern machines.
Leonardo died in 1519.
( ) 1. Where can you see the painting the Mona Lisa?
A. In Milan. B. In Italy. C. In France. D. In America.
( ) 2. What do the second and third paragraphs mainly tell us?
A. How to paint a vivid painting. B. The Mona Lisa and the Last Supper.
C. How much Da Vinci’s paintings are. D. Da Vinci’s paintings.
( ) 3. Which is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Da Vinci started painting the Last Supper in 1497.
B. B. Da Vinci was an inventor and a scientist.
C. Da Vinci invented many things including telephones.
D. Few of Da Vinci’s inventions were drawings.
( ) 4. How old was Leonardo when he died?
A. 67 years old. B. 56 years old. C. 62 years old. D. 59 years old.
( ) 5. What does the passage mainly talk about?
A. Da Vinci’s family. B. Da Vinci’s life. C. Da Vinci’s inventions. D. Da Vinci’s achievement.