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人教版中考英语重点词汇梳理(首字母CD)学案
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这是一份人教版中考英语重点词汇梳理(首字母CD)学案,共7页。学案主要包含了C、D字部等内容,欢迎下载使用。
1. chse
v.选择
词形变化:过去式chse,过去分词chsen
关联词组:chse frm挑选,从……中选择;chse between A and B在A和B中做出选择;chse t d sth.选择做某事
词性转换:chice n.选择:make a chice做出选择;have n chice别无选择
(2019,江苏卷,短文填空)
Fr the first few mnths I chse t eat in Sichuan Or Hunan style restaurants instead f eating much __16__ fd.
16. A. freshB. lcalC. ChineseD. frzen
2. cllect
v.收集,聚集
关联词组:cllect infrmatin收集信息;cllect stamps集邮
词性转换:cllectin n.收集,采集;收藏品:a cllectin f(收藏的)一些,一批
(2019,浙江卷,词汇运用)What she des is called "plgging", an activity cmbining cllecting rubbish with running.
3. cmfrtable
adj.令人舒适的;感到舒服的
关联词组:make neself cmfrtable别拘束,别客气;feel cmfrtable感到舒服
词性转换:cmfrtably adv.舒适地;cmfrt n.舒适;安慰;v.安慰,使(痛苦)缓和
(2019,山东卷,完形填空)
Remember that usually Chinese peple will nt pen the gift in frnt f the persn wh gives ____11____. T shw the respect, it may be ____12____ t explain what the gift is.
11. A. itB. themC. that
12. A. necessaryB. carefulC. cmfrtable
4. cmmunicate
v. 沟通,交流;交际;传达
关联词组:cmmunicate with与……交流;cmmunicate in (English)用(英语)交流
词性转换:cmmunicatin n.交流;通信,通讯:internatinal cmmunicatin国际交流
(2019,北京卷,阅读D)
33. What is the writer's main purpse in writing this passage?
A. T questin abut the standards f infrmatin strage.
B. T discuss ur prblems f cmmunicatin with machines.
C. T stress the imprtance f imprving ur memrizing ability.
D. T remind us f the risk f depending n machines t remember.
5. cmpare
v. 比较,对比
eq \\ac(○,1)cmpare A with B“比较A和B”,侧重二者的区别
eq \\ac(○,2)cmpare A t B“把A比作B”,侧重比喻,比拟,指出二者的相似关系
eq \\ac(○,3)cmpared with/t +名词,“与……相比”,通常放在句首或句子中间,充当状语成分。例如:Cmpared with cars, bikes are mre envirnmental. 与轿车相比,自行车更加环保。
词性转换:cmparisn n.比较,对比:make a cmparisn (between A and B)(在A和B之间)做比较;by cmparisn比较起来;in cmparisn with…同……比较起来
(2019,北京卷,完形)
My plan wasn’t t make prmises t d things I culdn’t ___14___ but t shw my class why I wanted t be president.
14. A. cmpareB. rememberC. manageD. repeat
6. cmpetitin
n.竞争,比赛
关联词组:sprts cmpetitin运动竞赛;fair/unfair cmpetitin公平/不公平竞争;in cmpetitin with同……竞争
词性转换:cmpete v.竞争,比赛;cmpetitr n.竞争者,对手;cmpetitive adj.有竞争力的
(2019,山东卷,单项填空)
6.The English Speech Cmpetitin the best in her. As a result, she is mre active nw.
A. checked utB. tried utC. left utD. brught ut
7. cmplete
v.完成,结束;adj.完成的,完整的
作动词:The wrk shuld be cmpleted in ne year.这项工作应该在一年内完成。
作形容词:This is a cmplete stry.这是一个完整的故事。
词性转换:cmpletin n.完成,结束;cmpleted adj.完成的;cmpletely=ttally adv.完全地,彻底地
反义词:incmplete adj.不完全的,不完整的
(2019,江苏卷,单项填空)
3.- Keep quiet! I need cmplete__________ when I'm wrking.
-Srry, dad. I wn't make any nise again.
A. trustB. silenceC. cntrlD. strength
8. cnditin
n.条件,状况
关联词组:in gd/bad cnditin情况良好/糟糕;n cnditin that…在(某事发生)的条件下
用法:当用来表示“天气”、“(居住、工作或做事情的)环境,境况”时,通常使用复数cnditins。如:The plants grw best in cl, damp cnditins.这种植物最适合在阴凉、潮湿的环境下生长。
(2019,浙江卷,阅读D)Carl made friends with the crrespndents, and gt Millet's cnditin reprted t England and all ver the cntinent, and America, and everywhere.
9. cnnect
v.连接,把……联系起来
eq \\ac(○,1)cnnect A with B表示“把A和B联系起来(或连接在一起)”,A和B之间不分主次;
eq \\ac(○,2)cnnect A t B表示“把A连接到B上”,通常以A为主,以B为辅;
eq \\ac(○,3)通常可用and代替介词with或t,变成cnnect A and B的形式。
词性转换:cnnectin n.关系,连接;cnnected adj.有关联的:be (clsely) cnnected with与……(紧密)相关
(2019,江苏卷,完形)
Hwever, after falling in lve with the city. I came t realize that the fd is s clsely ___17___ with its lcal culture.
17. A. cnnectedB. cveredC. cmparedD. charged
10. cnsider
v.考虑,认为
关联词组:cnsider ding sth.考虑做某事;cnsider sth. as…把某事看作……
词性转换:cnsideratin n.考虑:take sth. int cnsideratin=cnsider sth.考虑某事;in cnsideratin f…考虑到……,顾及……
(2019,江苏卷,阅读D)In fact, I think a garden is a really bad idea. I dn't knw why we're even cnsidering it.
11. cntinue
v.继续
eq \\ac(○,1)cntinue with sth.继续做某事,with后面接名词
eq \\ac(○,2)cntinue ding sth.继续做某事,指继续做同一件事
eq \\ac(○,3)cntinue t d sth.继续做某事,指一件事做完后,继续做另一件事
比较:
After drinking a cup f cffee, I cntinued t d my hmewrk.(喝咖啡之前我是在做别的事而不是做作业)
After drinking a cup f cffee, I cntinued ding my hmewrk.(喝咖啡之前我在做作业但没做完,喝完以后继续做)
同义词:cntinue=g n
(2019,浙江卷,完形)
She tried t finish the sng, but the audience (观众) began t whistle and gt angry. Mrs. Chaplin culd nt cntinue any lnger and walked ___7___ the stage crying.
7. A. ntB. ffC. twardsD. arund
12. crrect
v.纠正,改正;adj.正确的,对的
同义词:right adj.正确的,对的
反义词:wrng adj.错误的;incrrect adj.不正确的
词性转换:crrectly adv.错误地;crrectness n.正确性;crrectin n.纠正
(2019,山东卷,阅读表达)Many peple believe smart machines are necessarily crrect and bjective, but machines are trained thrugh a repeated testing and scring prcess. In the prcess, human beings still decide n the crrect answers.
13. cst
v.花费,值(多少钱);n.价格
词形变化:过去式cst,过去分词cst
关联词组:at the cst f以……为代价;at all csts不惜任何代价;at any cst无论如何
动词用法:表示“花费”的三个动词spend、cst和take的区别:
eq \\ac(○,1)spend的主语必须是“人”,宾语可以是钱,精力,时间等,其后接n(fr)+名词或用in(可省)+动名词;
eq \\ac(○,2)cst可用于表示花时间和金钱,其主语一般是“物”或“事”,表示“花费”、“耗费”;
eq \\ac(○,3)take常用于“占用、花费”时间,其主语通常为形式主语“it”或某物。句式是:It takes sb. sme time t d sth.=Sth. takes sb. sme time.
(2019,山东卷,单项填空)
25. Ry wrks in Lndn. It _________him abut half an hur t get t wrk by bus every day.
A. csts B. spends C. takes
14. create
v.创造,创作;造成,产生
同义词:prduce,make
词性转换:creatin n.创造,创作;产物,作品;creative adj.创新的,有创造性的:creative pwer创造力;creative thinking创新思维
(2019,山东卷,单项填空)
24. Arund the wrld, 300 millin tns f plastic _____________ each year, f which abut 10 percent ends up in the sea.
A. is created B. was created C. creates
15. culture
n.文化,文明
关联词组:traditinal culture传统文化;western culture西方文化;lcal culture本土文化;ppular culture流行文化,大众文化;
词性转换:cultural adj.文化的,文化上的
(2019,浙江卷,词汇填空)
40. Mre and mre peple have realized the imprtance f spreading ur _____________(传统的) culture.
16. cut
v.切,剪,削,割;n.切,割;伤口;理发
词形变化:过去式cut,过去分词cut,现在分词cutting
动词词组:cut ff切断,中断;cut dwn砍到;削减;cut in插嘴,插入;cut up切碎
名词词组:pwer cut停电,供电中断
关联单词:shrtcut n.捷径;haircut n.理发;发型
(2019,山东卷,词形转换)
67. Have yu ever cut yur finger n the edge (边缘) f a bk page? The small cut n yur finger is s _____________. (pain)
17. daily
adj.每日的,日常的
关联词组:daily life日常生活;daily use日用品;n a daily basis按日,每天
其它词性:
eq \\ac(○,1)作adv.:daily=every day每日,每天
eq \\ac(○,2)作n.:表示“日报”:China Daily中国日报
(2019,浙江卷,单项填空)
9.- Culd yu tell me ____________________?
- Yu will stay with an English family and take part in their daily life.
A. when I shuld pay fr the curseB. what the best part f the curse is
C. hw lng the shrtest curse lastsD. where I can g sightseeing after class
18. dangerus
adj.危险的,有危害的
关联词组:dangerus gds危险物品;dangerus situatin危险处境
词性转换:danger n.危险,威胁:in danger处于危险中;endanger v.危及,使遭受危害
(2019年,山东卷,单项填空)
20. A recent survey shws that 44 percent f Americans want t use self-driving cars, _________ 34 percent believe that they will make the rads mre dangerus.
A. althugh B. because C. if
19. deal
v.交易;n.买卖;量,数额
动词词组:deal with…和……做生意;处理,应对
名词词组:a gd/great deal f大量;a big deal大人物,了不起的人/事;make a deal with同……达成交易
(2019年,北京卷,阅读C)Fr example, n the way hme, fcus yur attentin utside f yurself, instead f thinking abut the prblems yu have t deal with.
20. decide
v.决定,下决心
关联词组:decide n sth.决定(选定)……;decide t d sth.决定做某事
词性转换:decisin n.决定,决心:make a decisin做决定
(2019年,北京卷,完形)Tw mnths ag, when ur class electin(选举) started, I decided t run fr class president.
21.depend
v.依靠,依赖;取决于
关联词组:depend n/upn sb./sth.依靠/依赖……;取决于……,视……而定
用法:在口语中可以用It (all) depends或That depends表示“那得看情况”。
词性转换:dependent adj.依赖的(反义词:independent);dependence n.依赖,依靠
(2019年,山东卷,动词应用)Sme peple might think that their music isn't all that lud. But this can depend n where yu are.
22. die
v.死亡,去世
词形变化:过去式died,过去分词died,现在分词dying
关联词组:die ut灭绝
用法:表示死亡的原因,可以使用介词f或者frm,二者的大致区别:
eq \\ac(○,1)die f通常表示死于与身体之上/之内的原因,如疾病,饥饿:die f cancer
eq \\ac(○,2)die frm通常表示环境等外部因素引起的死亡,如事故:die frm a traffic accident
词性转换:death n.死亡;dead adj.死亡的,去世的
(2019年,山东卷,词形转换)
68. There are abut 6,000' languages that are spken arund the wrld, but 43% f them are dying ut. If n _________is taken, sme f these languages will disappear. (act)
23. direct
adj.直接的,直率的;v.指挥,指导;导演(电影)
关联词组:a direct flight直飞航班
词性转换:directly adv.直接;directin n.方向;指导;directr n.导演;directive n.侦探
反义词:indirect adj.间接的
(2019年,重庆卷,短文填空)Yu’ve been here in China fr a few days, and yu may ntice that Chinese peple can smetimes be very direct.
24. divide
v.分,划分
关联词组:divide… int把……分成;divide sth. between/amng…在……之间分配/分享某物
用法:表示除法运算时,可以用divide A by B,如:21 divided by 3 is 7.
词性转换:divided adj.分裂的,分开的;有分歧的;divisin n.分割,划分;除法;部门,分支
(2019年,湖北卷,完形)
What happens if there’s a tpic that yu still dn’t 46 understand? Yu’d better have a website r tw that yu can 47 t search a subject.
46.A. nrmally B. gradually C. cmpletely D. plitely
47. A. imagine B. use C. knck D. divide
25. dubt
n&v.怀疑,疑虑
动词用法:
eq \\ac(○,1)dubt+名词/代词:I dubt his wrds.我怀疑他说的话。
eq \\ac(○,2)否定句和疑问句中,dubt可接that从句:I dn’t dubt that he can finish the task n time.我相信他能按时完成任务
eq \\ac(○,3)肯定句中,dubt一般接if/whether从句:I dubt whether he can finish the task n time.我怀疑他能否按时完成任务。
名词用法:There is n dubt that毋庸置疑;n/withut/beynd dubt无疑地
词性转换:dubtful adj.怀疑的;可疑的
(2019年,安徽卷,单项填空)
2.Yu can see the _____ in ur faces when we talk abut the great achievements in the past 70 years.
A. dubtB. prideC. regretD. ability
26. draw
v.绘画,绘制;拉,拖;提取(钱)
词形变化:过去式drew,过去分词drawn
关联词组:draw a picture画一幅画;draw sme mney取一些钱;draw ne’s attentin吸引某人的注意
词性转换:drawing n.绘画,图画,图纸;drawer n.抽屉
(2019年,浙江卷,阅读A)He wanted t draw a picture f it, but he wasn't sure hw t spell "dachshund, s he simply wrte "Ht Dg".
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