高中英语人教版 (2019)必修 第一册Unit 3 Sports and fitness随堂练习题

Unit 3 Sports and fitness

（本卷满分100分）

一、阅读理解（每小题2分，共16分）

A

As Simon Kindleysides, 34, took his first step in the London Marathon in April, he felt as if magic was in the air.

“As we were walking toward the first mile, we actually started joining all the runners,” he said. “Everyone was on the streets, cheering, and that was a magical moment.” As time went on, the crowds and other racers spread around. Kindleysides and his team of eight supporters continued walking.

Kindleysides, who is paralyzed(瘫痪的) from the waist down and typically uses a wheelchair, was equipped with an exoskeleton(体外骨骼) to help him walk. His supporters walked with him to change the batteries in his exoskeleton so he could keep moving.

In 2013, Kindleysides was diagnosed with a brain tumor (肿瘤) that was growing in a way that pressed on certain nerves, leading to him losing feeling in his legs. He was told he would never walk again. Before his paralysis, the London-based singer and dancer had “always wanted to run a marathon,” he said, but he never made the plan to do so — until this year.

During the London Marathon, the last two miles were the hardest. “At that point, I was exhausted. It was freezing cold, and I was hurting emotionally,” Kindleysides said. But he kept going. “I didn’t want to let people down. I had a team of eight, and I was raising money for The Brain Tumour Charity,” he said. “I didn’t want to let them down, myself down, and I thought if I would get this far, I would have to continue.” So he continued and made history as the first paralyzed man to complete the London Marathon on foot.

Then, recovering at home, he shared his accomplishment with his three children. “They used to say I’m the only dad in their whole school who’s in a wheelchair, and now they say I’m their dad, the only one who has walked a marathon,” he said.

Kindleysides is training to complete three more marathons next year, including the London Marathon again.

1. Why did Kindleysides’ supporters accompany him all the way?

A. To help change the batteries. B. To inspire him as a team.

C. To guide him along the road. D. To assist him with the wheelchair.

2. What caused Kindleysides’ disability?

A. An operation on his brain for the tumor.

B. An accident in the previous marathon.

C. Some nerves produced out of the tumor.

D. The pressure from the brain tumor on the nerves.

3. What partly supported Kindleysides to finish the hardest two-mile race?

A. The prize money for the winner. B. The strong desire to recover.

C. The kindness to help the charity. D. The belief to beat others.

4. What can we learn about Kindleysides?

A. He was once a successful actor.

B. He is ambitious for joining in London marathons once more.

C. His children feel a pity for him in the wheelchair now.

D. He was the first disabled man to complete the London Marathon.

B

Sports can help you keep fit and get in touch with nature. However, whether you are on the mountains, in the waves, or on the grassland, you should be aware that your sport of choice might have great influence on the environment.

Some sports are resource-hungry. Golf, as you may know, eats up not only large areas of countryside, but also tons of water. Besides, all sorts of chemicals and huge amounts of energy are used to keep its courses(球场) in good condition. This causes major environmental effects. For example, in the dry regions of Portugal and Spain, golf is often held responsible for serious water shortage in some local areas.

There are many environment-friendly sports. Power walking is one of them that you could take up today. You don’t need any special equipment except a good pair of shoes; and you don’t have to worry about resources and your purse. Simple and free, power walking can also keep you fit. If you walk regularly, it will be good for your heart and bones. Experts say that 20 minutes of power walking daily can make you feel less anxious, sleep well and have better weight control.

Whatever sport you take up, you can make it greener by using environment-friendly equipment and buying products made from recycled materials. But the final goal should be “green gyms”. They are better replacements for traditional health clubs and modern sports centers. Members of green gyms play sports outdoors, in the countryside or other open spaces. There is no special requirement for you to start your membership. And best of all, it’s free.

5. Which of the following is resource-hungry sport?

A. Swimming in ocean. B. Cycling in a gym.

C. Running on a running machine. D. Playing golf outdoors.

6. Which of the following words can best show how to make our choice of sport?

A. Fit. B. Green.

C. Friendly. D. Free.

7. How does the author prove his idea?

A. By giving examples. B. By explaining reasons and results.

C. By experimenting. D. By comparison.

8. Which of the following is probably the best title for the passage?

A. Keep Fit and Get in Touch with Nature

B. Power Walking — Environment-friendly Sport

C. Go Green While Doing Sports

D. Effects of Sports on Environment

二、七选五（每小题2分，共10分）

With busy schedules and limited hours of daylight, some runners find their only time to run is in the darkness of early morning or evening. ___9____. But if you have to run at night or in the early morning, make sure to follow these guidelines.           

• Choose a Well-lit(灯光明亮的) Route

It might not be your favourite route to run, but the most well-lit route is your first choice. ___10____ and you’ll always be able to see the road and avoid potential hazards.

• Always Run Against Traffic

It’s easier to avoid cars if you can see them coming. Avoid busy roads and those with no shoulders or sidewalks.

• Run With a Friend

____11___. If possible, try to never run alone. If you’re running alone, let someone know the route you’re running and approximately(大约地) how long you will be out.

• Watch Out for Bikes and Runners

Even if you’re running on a path or in a park with no cars, always be aware of other runners and cyclists. ___12___. This advice applies to running in both daylight and darkness.

• Put Away Your Music

Make sure you leave your radio, MP3 player, or iPad at home. ___13___. You can’t hear oncoming cars, cyclists yelling to move, dogs, or any other potential threat.

A. Oncoming cars see you better

B. There’s strength and safety in numbers

C. Running in daylight is always a safer choice

D. A headlamp is also an essential item for runners

E. Before you stop or turn around, make sure your path is clear

F. Cutting off your sense of hearing leaves you at a disadvantage

G. Put your driver’s license in your pocket or wear an ID tag on your shoe

三、完形填空（每小题1.5分，共30分）

His palms(手掌) were sweating. The sun was as hot as the   14   he faced today at the National Junior Olympics. The pole was   15   at 17 feet, three inches higher than his personal best. Michael Stone faced the most   16   day of his pole-vaulting(撑杆跳) career.

In his childhood, he used to have dreams about flying,    17   he would be running down a country road, racing between golden wheat fields. At one point, he would take a    18   and then lift    19   the ground, soaring(高飞) like an eagle. This   ___20__about flying was put to   21   training by Michael’s father and coach, who   ___22__hard work and sweat. If you want something, work for it.

All of Michael’s vaults today seemed to be the reward for his hard work. A    23__   would get him second place, but Michael would not allow himself the   24   of not winning.

He knew it was time for his   25    jump. Having   26   off the nervousness from his legs, he began to stretch out his arms and upper body. He carefully picked up his pole, his heart beating    27   . The running track   28   him felt like the country road he used to dream about. Visions of the golden wheat fields   29   his thoughts. The air around him was the purest and freshest he had ever   30   . Michael was soaring like an eagle in his dreams

Lying on his back with that wonderful hot sun on his face, he   31   he could see in his mind’s eye the    32    on his mother’s face. He knew his dad was probably smiling too,    33   laughing. With all the media attention, Michael’s life would never be the same. It wasn’t just because he set a new world record. It was simply because Michael Stone is blind.

14. A. examination  B. competition  C. struggle  D. argument

15. A. set    B. broken   C. kept   D. designed

16. A. energetic  B. attractive  C. difficult  D. interesting

17. A. what   B. how   C. which   D. where

18. A. breath   B. rest   C. walk   D. look

19. A. against   B. to    C. on   D. off

20. A. hope   B. imagination  C. dream   D. wish

21. A. strict   B. occasional  C. basic   D. spiritual

22. A. took over  B. believed in  C. called off  D. turned on

23. A. run   B. miss   C. step   D. push

24. A. thought   B. goal   C. mind   D. opinion

25. A. another   B. first   C. next   D. final

26. A. put   B. given   C. shaken   D. cut

27. A. regularly  B. wildly   C. suddenly  D. normal

28. A. above   B. beside   C. below   D. within

29. A. shaped   B. confused  C. filled   D. attracted

30. A. seen   B. tasted   C. noticed  D. sensed

31. A. said   B. knew   C. predicted  D. understood

32. A. tears   B. sweat   C. sadness  D. smile

33. A. even   B. or   C. still   D. yet

四、单句语法填空（每小题1分，共10分）

34. Mike’s new house is like a huge castle, 　　　　　(compare) with his old one. 

35. The 　　　　　　　　(positive) an article is on the Internet, the more likely it is to be shared. 

36. The editor cut 　　　　much of the repetition and thus saved many pages. 

37. It was the culture, rather 　　　　　the language, _________ made it hard for him to adapt to the life abroad. 

38. In order to have a good health, my grandpa enjoys 　　　　　(jog) every morning. 

39. I knew I wanted to make a 　　　　　(different) in the world somehow, but I had no idea how to do that. 

40. The engineer’s most ____________(stress) months, he said, were in June and July.

41. Your brother hoped that he would be able to continue the family tradition, ________(do) he? 

42. Though the mountain is hard to climb, he finally made ______ to the top. 

43. Now I’d like to have my friend share ______ you this excitement. 

五、书面表达（每小题2分，共20分）

第一节 应用文写作（共10分）

请根据以下提示写一篇关于早起有益的短文。（100 字左右）

1.早起锻炼可使身体健康强壮。

2.早起朗读，有助于记住学过的东西。

3.可为一天的活动做好准备。

4.坚持早起对培养好的性格也很有益处。

第二节 概要写作（共20分）

Many teenagers in high school today try out for sports because they think it will make them popular with their friends. But there are of course many other benefits to be gained from sports in school.

With home computers, video games, and TVs becoming more and more popular, it has become so much easier for teens to be by themselves rather than going out with friends. Teens used to go hanging out at the mall or drive around town, but now they just sit at home. While they may not find a new best friend when going out, they will learn how to interact with fellows, which they will find useful later in life. Therefore, getting teens into a sport gives them an opportunity to go out and socialize.

One of the biggest problems in our society today is obesity (肥胖), and it is not just a problem with adults. More and more teens are becoming overweight due to poor eating habits and a lack of exercise. Joining in a sport will help them go out and take some exercise without feeling pressured to lose weight or get in shape.

Sports also provides parents with a great way to bond with their children by showing up to support them at games and helping them with their practices. These days, it is becoming harder for parents to show love and support to teens. Through sports, they can not only spend time with their kids and talk to them, but also have a chance to chat with their friends and learn about who they are hanging out with.

Parents may think “but my kid isn’t good enough to make their school team”. Actually, there are plenty of other places besides schools to play sports. Just take a look around the area and it is certainly not hard to find many sporting activities suitable for teens to join in.

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高一上学期训练卷

必修一 Unit3Sports and fitness

英  语  （二）

一、阅读理解（每小题2分，共16分）

【答案】1-4 ADCB　

【解析】这是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了Kindleysides因病而导致下肢无知觉但却坚持跑完了马拉松全程，也为慈善机构赢得捐款。

1. 细节理解题。根据第三段的“His supporters walked with him to change the batteries in his exoskeleton so he could keep moving.”可知，Kindleysides的支持者一直陪伴着他的原因是给他的体外骨骼换电池，这样他就可以继续前进。故选择A项。

2. 细节理解题。根据第四段的“In 2013, Kindleysides was diagnosed with a brain tumor (肿瘤) that was growing in a way that pressed on certain nerves, leading to him losing feeling in his legs.”可知Kindleysides被诊断出患有脑瘤，这种肿瘤正在以压迫某些神经的方式生长，导致他的双腿失去知觉。故D选项正确。

3. 细节理解题。根据第五段Kindleysides 的陈述“I didn’t want to let people down. I had a team of eight, and I was raising money for The Brain Tumour Charity”可知，他一直在为慈善机构筹钱，故C选项符合文意。

4. 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Kindleysides is training to complete three more marathons next year, including the London Marathon again.” Kindleysides正在为明年完成另外三项马拉松而训练，其中包括伦敦马拉松。可见他雄心勃勃地想再次参加伦敦马拉松比赛。故B选项正确。

【答案】5-8 DBDC　

【解析】本文是一篇议论文。作者通过对比一些对资源耗费较多的运动如高尔夫，和一些不怎么耗费资源的运动如竞走，旨在提倡绿色运动。

5. 细节理解题。根据第二段“Some sports are resource-hungry. Golf, as you may know, eats up not only large areas of countryside, but also tons of water.”可知，有一些运动是非常消耗资源的，比如高尔夫，不仅侵占了大面积的乡村区域，还消耗很多的水，故选D。

6. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Whatever sport you take up, you can make it greener by using environment-friendly equipment and buying products made from recycled materials. But the final goal should be ‘green gyms’.”可知，不管做什么运动，都可以变得更加绿色环保，通过使用环境友好型的设备和产品，去绿色环保的体育馆，即做运动的时候，绿色环保很关键，故选B。

7. 推理判断题。分析文章可知，作者通过列举了以高尔夫为代表的极耗资源的运动和以竞走为代表的环境友好型运动，将二者进行对比，从而倡导大家进行绿色运动，故选D。

8. 主旨大意题。作者通过对比一些对资源耗费较多的运动如高尔夫，和一些不怎么耗费资源的运动如竞走，旨在提倡绿色运动，故选C。

二、七选五（每小题2分，共10分）

【答案】CABEF

【解析】本文是一篇说明文。由于日程繁忙，白天时间有限，一些跑步者发现他们唯一能跑步的时间是在清晨或傍晚。文章给出了此时跑步的一些建议。

9. 下文提示“但如果你必须在晚上或清晨跑步，一定要遵循这些指导原则。” C项“Running in daylight is always a safer choice”（在白天跑步总是更安全的选择）承接下文，切题。下文中的“but”将上下句紧密连在一起。故选C。

10. 根据下半句“你总能看清道路，避免不必要的危险。” A项“Oncoming cars see you better”（迎面而来的汽车更能看清你）承接下半句，切题。故选A。

11. 下文提示“如果可能的话，尽量不要一个人跑。如果你是一个人跑步，让别人知道你跑步的路线和大概你要出去多久。” B项“There’s strength and safety in numbers”（人多力量大，安全可靠）承接下文，切题。故选B。

12. 上文提示“即使你是在小路上或公园里跑步，也要时刻注意其他跑步者和骑自行车的人。”再根据下文提示“这个建议在白天和黑夜跑步均适用。” E项“ Before you stop or turn around, make sure your path is clear”（在你停下来或转身之前，确保你的路是畅通的）承接上下文，切题。故选E。

13. 下文提示“你听不到迎面而来的汽车、骑自行车的人大喊着要移动、狗或任何其他潜在的威胁。” F项“Cutting off your sense of hearing leaves you at a disadvantage”（切断听觉使你处于不利地位）承接下文，切题。故选F。

三、完形填空（每小题1.5分，共30分）

【答案】14-18 BACDA 19-23 DCABB    24-28 ADCBC  29-33 CDBDA

【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了从小因自己的梦想而接受艰苦训练的盲人迈克尔·斯通在一次运动赛场上超越自我的故事。

14. 考查名词。句意：太阳和他今天在全国少年奥林匹克运动会上所面临的竞争一样的火热。A. examination考试；B. competition竞争；C. struggle奋斗；努力；D. argument辩论。根据“at the National Junior Olympics”，可知在运动会上面临的是“竞争”。故选B。

15. 考查​动词。句意：杆高17英尺，比他个人成绩最好的杆还要高3英寸。A. set（被）放，置；B. broken（被）打碎；C. kept（被）保留；D. designed（被）设计。由句意可知，杆矗立在那里，高17英寸。故选A。

16. 考查形容词。句意：迈克尔·斯通面临着他撑杆跳生涯中最艰难的一天。A. energetic精力充沛的；B. attractive吸引人的；C. difficult艰难的；D. interesting有趣的。据上文可知，他面临着巨大的比赛压力，且杆比他最好的成绩还要高，可知应该是最“艰难”的一天。故选C。

17. 考查关系代词。句意：在他的童年时代，他常常梦想着飞翔，在那里他会沿着乡间小路奔跑，会在金色的麦田之间奔跑。A. what什么；B. how怎样；C. which哪个；D. where在那里。此处为非限制性定语从句，关系词在句中作状语，故用where。故选D。

18. 考查名词。句意：在某一时刻，他会深呼吸，然后离开地面，像鹰一样翱翔。A. breath呼吸；B. rest休息；C. walk散步；D. look看。“深呼吸”符合上下语境，故选A。

19. 考查介词。句意：在某一时刻，他会深呼吸，然后离开地面，像鹰一样翱翔。A. against紧靠；B. to朝；C. on在…之上；D. off离开。由句意可知，应是“离开”地面后飞翔，故选D。

20. 考查名词。句意：为了实现这个关于飞行的梦想，他被父亲和教练严格训练。A. hope希望；B. imagination想象力；C. dream梦想；D. wish愿望。由上文“In his childhood, he used to have dreams about flying”，可知应是关于飞行的“梦想”。故选C。

21. 考查形容词。句意：为了实现这个关于飞行的梦想，他被相信努力和汗水的父亲和教练严格训练。A. strict严格的；B. occasional偶然的；C. basic基本的；D. spiritual精神的。为了实现梦想应进行“严格的”训练，故选A。

22. 考查动词短语。句意：因为这个关于飞行的梦想，他被相信努力和汗水的父亲和教练严格训练。A. took over接管；B. believed in相信；C. called off取消；D. turned on打开。“相信”勤奋和汗水，符合上下语境。故选B。

23. 考查名词。句意：一次失误将使他获得第二名，但迈克尔不允许自己有不能获胜的想法。A. run奔跑；B. miss失误；C. step步；D. push推动。因为“失误”会不能获胜而获得第二名，故选B。

24. 考查名词。句意：一次失误将使他获得第二名，但迈克尔不允许自己有不能获胜的想法。A. thought想法；B. goal目标；C. mind理智；D. opinion主张。由句意可知，不能有不获胜的“想法”，故选A。

25. 考查形容词。句意：他知道该是他最终一跳的时候了。A. another另一个；B. first第一次；C. next其次的；D. final最终的。由上文知，迈克尔此时在竞技场上进行比赛，回想了以前的事情后，现在终于到了他最后起跳的时刻。故选D。

26. 考查动词短语。句意：摆脱了腿部的紧张，他开始伸展双臂和上半身。put off 推迟；give off放出；shake off 摆脱；cut off 剪断。由句意知，选C。

27. 考查副词。句意：他小心翼翼地拾起他的杆子，他的心怦怦直跳。A. regularly定期地；B. wildly紊乱地；C. suddenly突然地；D. normal正常的。起跳前，他因为紧张而心脏乱跳，故选B。

28. 考查介词。句意：他脚下的跑道就像他曾经梦到的乡间小路A. above在…上面；B. beside在旁边；C. below在…下面；D. within在…里面。跑道应在他脚下，故选C。

29. 考查动词。句意：他的脑海里充满了金色麦田的景象。A. shaped成形；B. confused困惑；C. filled充满；D. attracted吸引。由句意可知，选C。

30. 考查动词。句意：他周围的空气是他所感觉到的最纯净、最清新的空气。 A. seen看见；B. tasted尝；C. noticed注意；D. sensed感觉。由句意可知，他“感觉”这是最清新的空气。故选D。

31. 考查动词。句意：他知道他能从脑海中看到母亲脸上的笑容。A. said说；B. knew知道；C. predicted预测；D. understood懂得。由句意可知，选B。

32. 考查名词。句意：他知道他能从脑海中看到母亲脸上的笑容。A. tears眼泪；B. sweat汗水；C. sadness悲伤；D. smile笑容。由下文“his dad was probably smiling too”知，应是看见母亲的“笑容”。故选D。

33. 考查副词。句意：他知道父亲可能也在笑，甚至大笑。A. even甚至；B. or或者；C. still仍然；D. yet还。由句意可知，应为递进关系，故选A。

四、单句语法填空（每小题1分，共10分）

【答案】compared

【解析】句意：麦克的新房子和旧房子相比，（新房子）简直就像一个大城堡。此处“castle”与“compare”之间是被动关系，是过去分词作伴随状语，故填compared。

【答案】more positive

【解析】the more..., the more...是一个复合句式，表示越... ...就越... ...。结合句意可知，此处应填more positive。

【答案】out

【解析】句意：编辑删掉了大段重复，因此节约了很多纸张。cut out裁剪，停止。故填out。

【答案】than; that

【解析】rather than是连词词组，意为而不是。句意：正是这种文化，而非语言本身，让他很难适应国外的生活。中间的“rather 　　　　 the language,”是插入语，在判断定语从句时可省略不看，故前空填than，后空填that。

【答案】jogging

【解析】句意：为了身体健康，我爷爷喜欢每天早上慢跑。enjoy+n./doing，故填jogging。

【答案】difference

【解析】句意：我知道我想以某种方式改变世界一点点，但我不知道怎样去做。make a difference有影响/作用，结合句意，故填difference。

【答案】stressful

【解析】句意：他说工程师最紧张忙碌的两个月就是六月和七月了。the+most+adj.是形容词最高级形式之一，且“months”是名词，修饰名词用形容词，故填stressful。

【答案】didn’t

【解析】句意：你哥哥想要继承家族传统，不是吗？本句为反意疑问句，上文中“hoped”采用一般过去时的肯定句，前后时态一致，但意思相反，故填didn’t。

【答案】it

【解析】句意：尽管山路崎岖难行，但他最终还是爬到了山顶。make it获得成功，准时到达。故填it。

【答案】with

【解析】句意：现在我想同我的朋友与你们一起分享这激动人心的一刻。share sth. with sb.和某人分享某事，此处强调“和你们一起”，故将“with you”提前，结合句意，故填with。

五、书面表达（每小题2分，共20分）

第一节 应用文写作（共10分）

Getting up early is a good habit. It is of great importance to our health, our study and our life. First, it can help us to keep fit and strong. We can improve our health by doing morning exercises, walking, running in the open air. Second, getting up early and reading aloud can help memorize what we have learned easily. Third, if we get up early, we don't need to be in a hurry to go to school or work without having breakfast. So we'll have a very good mood all day. If we stick to it, it will benefit us a lot, especially in our character-making.

第二节 概要写作（共20分）

Except for popularity with friends, teenagers also can benefit a lot if they do sports as much as they can. First, it’s a good opportunity to make teens go out and socialize. Second, taking exercise often can lose weight and keep in shape without pressure. Next, sports is a bond that links between children and their parents. All in all, everyone can join in the sporting activities whether he or she is good enough or not.