高中人教版 (2019)Unit 4 Natural disasters课后复习题

Unit 4 Natural disaster

（本卷满分100分）

一、单词拼写（每小题1分，共10分）

1. Men must consider eating, drinking, clothing and finding (避难所) before they can pursue entertainment and recreation.

2. The small action of littering may lead to (灾难) for small animals and their living environment.

3. Due to the (旱灾) in Southwest China, millions of people had to carry water from far away places.

4. The news of the (火山爆发) in Indonesia is being broadcast and I want to listen.

5. What I learn about this violence is that it has caused at least three (死亡).

6. While I was cooking supper, the (电) went off.

7. Please write me aof this report.

8. As we all know, fish cannot b out of water.

9. Fortunately somebody who happened to be passing by called the e aid immediately the traffic accident occurred.

10. The driver who died in the accident could have s, but he was sent to hospital too late.

二、单项选择（每小题1.5分，共15分）

11. A few weeks later, the first buildings ______ had been damaged were repaired.

A. which   B. that   C. where   D. in which

12. Anything _____ could be found has been used to repair the damaged bridge.

A. which   B. that   C. what   D. 不填

13. Past winners of the Nobel Prize in physics, _____ has now been awarded 210 times, have been honored for their important discoveries.

A. who    B. what   C. that   D. which

14. Opportunity and luck always shows appreciation for those _____ are bold in struggling.

A. who    B. that   C. whom   D. which

15. The helicopter arrived on the scene quickly to  the survivors.

A. keep   B. rescue   C. shake   D. protect

16. The U.S. state of California has _______ a heavy flood for a whole week since June, which brought dangerous conditions to many Californians.

A. affected   B. contained  C. suffered  D. ruined

17. Jackson is cheerful about his life ________ he is suffering from cancer.

A. even if      B. as long as  C. as if      D. ever since

18. —Haven’t you heard the news?

   —What news?

   —Some of the workers are on ________ march while others on ________ strike.

A. the; the      B. the; /       C. /; the     D. /; /

19. The _____ of the harmful chemicals on the world’s lakes and oceans has raised awareness of the public.

A. effect   B. effort   C. donation  D. distribution

20. A new study shows older men ________ a lack of deep sleep are nearly twice as likely to develop high blood pressure.

A. suffering for      B. who is suffering

C. who suffer from     D. who suffer to

三、翻译句子（每小题3分，共15分）

21. 你认识我们在学校里遇见的那个老师吗? （定语从句）

_________________________________________________________________

22.饮酒和吸烟会损害你的健康。（do damage to）

_________________________________________________________________

23. 我没法靠20英镑生活一周。（survive）

_________________________________________________________________

24. 护士忙于安抚那个惊恐的孩子。

_________________________________________________________________

25. 大批饥民涌入了这个地区。（flood into）

_________________________________________________________________

四、阅读理解（每小题2.5分，共10分）

JERUSALEM — Israel’s Environmental Protection Ministry asked citizens Wednesday to avoid unnecessary physical activity and stay indoors, as a serious sandstorm struck the Middle East in a thick yellow haze(霾) for a second day with no hope to see things clearly.

The ministry said heavy levels of dust and sand in the air were a threat to cities throughout the country. The ministry’s website advised pregnant women, the elderly and those with heart and respiratory(呼吸的) conditions to stay indoors, and asked schools to keep children indoors.

The emergency service Magen David Adom reported that it has treated more than 300 Israelis suffering from breathing problems, and that hospitals have more respiratory-related patients(呼吸道疾病患者), including a large number of the elderly and those with asthma(哮喘) and related conditions.

The domestic Israeli airlines Arkia and Israir continued to ground their flights to Eilat because of reduced visibility.

The sandstorm has affected Egypt, Jordan, Iraq, Lebanon and Syria, where at least five deaths have been reported.

“There has been nothing that came close to the magnitude(巨大) of this sandstorm,” said Daniel Rosenfeld, a professor with the Institute of Earth Sciences at the Hebrew University in Jerusalem.

“While Israel has experienced a number of sandstorms in the past, they started from the Sinai Desert and the Sahara Desert to the south and were joined by winter windstorms that cleared the air,” he said. In this case, the storm comes from Syria and Iraq to the north and east.

Because the storm is hitting during the summer, at a time of both little wind and severe heat and humidity, forecasters expect the particles(沙) to remain in the air throughout the weekend and possibly into next week.

“This is really puzzling,” said Rosenfeld, adding that he and his colleague will conduct research into the origins of the unprecedented (前所未有的) storm.

26. What’s the probable meaning of the underlined word “ground” in Paragraph 4?

A. add B. reduce

C. cancel D. fuel

27. It can be learned from the text that the sandstorm ________.

A. happened in winter B. showed no sign of weakening

C. came from Syria and Iraq to the south D. could clear the air

28. How did Rosenfeld feel about the origins of the storm?

A. Confused. B. Upset.

C. Confident. D. Happy.

29. Where does the text probably come from?

A. a novel. B. a news story.

C. a geography book. D. a travel guide.

五、完形填空（每小题1.5分，共30分）

Children need to be prepared for an earthquake as much as adults, if not more. For babies and children, special   30   should be paid to making their   31   as safe as possible. Their beds should be placed away from   32   and tall, unsteady bookcases and shelves that could   33   down.

At the very least a 72-hour   34   of extra water, bottles, food, juices, clothing, plenty of diapers(尿布), baby wipes and ready medicines should be   35   where it is most likely to get   36   an earthquake. Also keep an extra diaper bag with these things in your car. Store baby cars, blankets and baby beds with right wheels to put babies in to leave in time, if   37   . Set soft pads(垫子) in baby beds or baby cars to   38__   babies during the shaking.

By age three or so, children can   39   what an earthquake is and how to get   ___40__ for one. Take the time to explain the   41   of earthquakes and their damage   ___42   what they’ll understand. Include your children in family discussions and planning for earthquake   43   . Take drills and   44   safety procedures(步骤) every six months. Show children the safest places to be in each room when an earthquake hits. Also show them all   45   exits from each room. Teach children what to do   46__   they are during an earthquake (at school, in a tall building, outdoors).    47   children’s emergency cards at school are up-to-date.

   48   children should not reach any gas equipment, it’s important that they know what gas smells like. Advise children to tell a(n)   49   if they smell gas after an earthquake.

30. A. advice  B. warning C. attention D. help

31. A. environments B. stations C. gardens D. sports

32. A. doors  B. walls  C. desks  D. windows

33. A. break  B. fall   C. fold  D. put

34. A. supply  B. number C. amount D. deal

35. A. taken  B. left  C. stored  D. bought

36. A. before  B. during  C. since  D. after

37. A. important B. necessary C. easy  D. harmful

38. A. protect  B. lay  C. relax  D. drive

39. A. call  B. understand C. expect  D. guess

40. A. worried  B. eager  C. excited D. ready

41. A. event  B. effect  C. result  D. cause

42. A. according to    B. because of C. in spite of D. thanks to

43. A. reason  B. result  C. safety  D. truth

44. A. practise  B. review  C. copy  D. teach

45. A. similar  B. different C. equal  D. possible

46. A. wherever B. whatever C. whenever D. whoever

47. A. Make sense B. Work out C. Make sure D. Set down

48. A. Although B. Because C. If   D. Besides

49. A. person  B. adult  C. stranger D. friend

六、书面表达（共20分）

假定你是李华，从网上得知你的美国朋友Phil的家乡遭受龙卷风(tornado)袭击。请你写封邮件安慰他。内容包括:

1. 说明情况；

2. 询问灾情，表示安慰。

注意：1. 词数100左右；

   2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

Dear Phil,

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours,

Li Hua

高一上学期训练卷

必修一 Unit4Natural disasters

英  语  （一）

一、单词拼写（每小题1分，共10分）

1. shelter  2. disaster 3. drought 4. volcanic eruption  5. deaths

6. electricity 7. summary 8. breathe  9. emergency   10. survived

二、单项选择（每小题1.5分，共15分）

11.【答案】B

【解析】考查定语从句。句意：几周后，第一批受损的建筑物被修复。此处buildings是先行词，指物，在后面的定语从句中作主语，且序数词修饰先行词，用that引导定语从句，故选B项。

12.【答案】B

【解析】考查定语从句。句意：任何能找到的东西都已经被用来修理损坏的桥梁。句中先行词为anything，在定语从句中作主语，故只能用关系词that，故选B项。

13.【答案】D

【解析】考查非限定性定语从句。句意：由于取得的重大发现，过去的诺贝尔物理学奖得主被授予荣誉称号。该奖项截止目前已经颁发了210次。分析句子可知，此处是非限定性定语从句，先行词the Nobel Prize in physics在从句 _____ has now been awarded 210 times中充当主语，故用关系代词，而在非限制性定语从句中不能使用that，故用which。故选D项。

14.【答案】A

【解析】考查定语从句关系词。句意：机会和运气总是青睐那些敢于奋斗的人。先行词those指代人，在从句 _____ are bold in struggling中充当主语，应用关系代词who/that，但先行词是those时为了避免重复，不用that。故选A项。

15.【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。句意：直升飞机迅速赶到现场营救幸存者。A. keep：保持；B. rescue：营救；C. shake：摇动；D. protect：保护。根据on the scene“在现场”和survivors“幸存者”，可知这里指“营救”人。故选B。

16.【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。句意：美国加利福尼亚州自6月以来连续一周遭遇特大洪水，置许多当地人于危险境地。A. affected：受影响；B. contained：包括；C. suffered：忍受，遭受；D. ruined：毁灭。根据句意，遭遇了特大洪灾。故选C项。

17.【答案】A

【解析】考查连词。A. even if：即使，虽然；B. as long as：只要；C. as if：似乎，好像；D. ever since：从那时起。句意：虽然杰克逊身患癌症，但他对生活很乐观。两句之间是让步关系，故选A。

18.【答案】B

【解析】考查固定短语。on the march：在行军，在游行；on strike：在罢工。故选B。

19.【答案】A

【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：有害化学物质对世界湖泊和海洋的影响提高了公众（对于环保）的意识。A. effect：影响；B. effort：努力；C. donation：捐赠；D. distribution：分配。根据句意选A。

20.【答案】C

【解析】现在分词、定语从句都可作定语，但是表达“遭受……”要用suffer或者suffer from；所以排除A、D两个选项，B选项who is suffering中的who指的是men要用动词are，所以只能选C，who suffer from相当于分词suffering from的作用。

三、翻译句子（每小题3分，共15分）

21.Do you know the teacher (whom/who/that) we met in the school?

22.Drinking and smoking can do damage to your health.

23.I can’t survive on £20 a week.  

24.The nurse was busy calming the frightened child.

25.Large numbers of hungry people flooded into the area.

四、阅读理解（每小题2.5分，共10分）

【答案】26-29 CBAB

【解析】本文属于新闻，介绍以色列遭受一场沙尘暴的袭击，环保部警告人们尽量不要外出，与此同时医院接待呼吸类病人增多，航班减少，该情况预计持续到周末，其背后原因气候学家还没有弄清楚。

26. 词义猜测题。根据第四段“The domestic Israeli airlines Arkia and Israir continued to ground their flights to Eilat because of reduced visibility.”中的“because of reduced visibility”可知，由于能见度降低，因而可推测以色列的航班禁止飞行，故选C。

27. 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Because the storm is hitting during the summer, at a time of both little wind and severe heat and humidity, forecasters expect the particles(沙) to remain in the air throughout the weekend and possibly into next week.”可知，由于本次沙尘暴发生在夏季，风很小，天气炎热，湿度很低，因此预测沙尘暴持续到周末，甚至到下周。可知，此次沙尘暴没有显示出减缓的迹象，故选B。

28. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“ ‘This is really puzzling,’ said Rosenfeld”可知Rosenfeld对此持疑惑的态度，故选A。

29. 推理判断题。文章介绍以色列遭受一场沙尘暴的袭击，环保部警告人们尽量不要外出，与此同时医院接待呼吸类病人增多，航班减少，该情况预计持续到周末，其背后原因气候学家还没有弄清楚。可知本文属于新闻，故选B。

五、完形填空（每小题1.5分，共30分）

【答案】30-34 CADBA 35-39 CDBAB 40-44 DDACB 45-49 DACAB

【解析】本文叙述的是，孩子们需要像成人一样为地震做好准备。

30. 考查名词。A. advice 建议；B. warning 警告；C. attention关注；D. help帮助。固定词组：pay attention to注意，重视。此句中是被动语态，故选C。

31. 考查名词。A. environments 环境；B. stations 车站；C. gardens 花园；D. sports运动。对于婴儿和儿童，成人应该特别注意让他们周遭环境尽可能的安全。故选A。

32. 考查名词。A. doors 门；B. walls 墙；C. desks 桌子；D. windows窗户。他们的床应该远离窗户和高高的、不稳定的可能会倒塌的书柜。根据句意可知选D。

33. 考查动词。A. break 打破；B. fall 落下；C. fold 折叠；D. put放。他们的床应该远离窗户和高高的、不稳定的可能会倒塌的书柜。fall down倒塌，故选B。

34. 考查名词。A. supply供应；B. number 号码，数字；C. amount 数量；D. deal交易。至少足够支撑72小时的额外供水、瓶子、食物、果汁、衣服、大量的尿布、婴儿湿巾和现成的药品都应该储存在地震后最有可能拿到的地方。可知答案为A。

35. 考查动词。A. taken拿走；B. left 离开；C. stored储存；D. bought买。至少足够支撑72小时的额外供水、瓶子、食物、果汁、衣服、大量的尿布、婴儿湿巾和现成的药品都应该储存在地震后最有可能拿到的地方。可知答案为C。

36. 考查连词。A. before 在... ...之前；B. during 在... ...期间；C. since自从... ...以来；D. after在... ...之后。至少足够支撑72小时的额外供水、瓶子、食物、果汁、衣服、大量的尿布、婴儿湿巾和现成的药品都应该储存在地震后最有可能拿到的地方。可知答案为D。

37. 考查形容词。A. important 重要的；B. necessary 必要的；C. easy 容易的；   D. harmful有害的。如果有必要的话，把带有合适轮子的婴儿车、毯子和婴儿床储存起来，让婴儿借助这些工具及时离开，故选B。

38. 考查动词。A. protect 保护；B. lay 放置；C. relax 放松；D. drive驱使。在婴儿床或婴儿车中放置软垫，为了在地震时保护婴儿。故选A。

39. 考查动词。A. call 打电话；B. understand明白，理解；C. expect 期盼，预测；D. guess猜测。到三岁左右，孩子们就能理解地震是什么，以及如何为地震做好准备。故选B。

40. 考查形容词。A. worried 担忧的；B. eager 渴望的；C. excited 兴奋的；D. ready有准备的。到三岁左右，孩子们就能理解地震是什么，以及如何为地震做好准备。get ready for为... ...做准备，故选D。

41. 考查名词。A. event 活动；B. effect 影响；C. result 结果；D. cause原因。花些时间解释地震的原因以及在他们所能理解的范畴内地震可能造成的损失。可知答案为D。

42. 考查词组。A. according to根据；B. because of 因为；C. in spite of 尽管； D. thanks to多亏了，由于。花些时间解释地震的原因以及在他们所能理解的范畴内地震可能造成的损失。故选A。

43. 考查名词。A. reason理由；B. result结果；C. safety 安全；D. truth真理，事实。让你的孩子参加家庭讨论制定地震安全计划。根据句意可知答案为C。

44. 考查动词。A. practise 练习；B. review复习；C. copy复制，复印；D. teach教。每六个月进行一次演习，检查安全程序。故选B。

45. 考查形容词。A. similar相似的；B. different不相同的；C. equal平等的；D. possible可能的。也要让他们知道每个房间可能的逃生出口。故选D。

46. 考查让步状语从句引导词。A. wherever 无论哪里；B. whatever 无论什么；   C. whenever 无论什么时候；D. whoever无论谁。教孩子们在地震来临时，不论他们身处何地（学校、高的建筑楼、户外）都应该做的事情。根据句意可知选A。

47. 考查动词词组。A. Make sense有意义，讲得通；B. Work out 解决，算出；C. Make sure 确保；D. Set down记下。确保孩子们在学校的急救卡的信息是最新的。可知答案为C。

48. 考查状语从句引导词。A. Although 尽管；B. Because因为；C. If 如果；D. Besides另外。虽然孩子们不应该接触任何燃气设备，但重要的是要让他们知道天然气是什么味道。根据句意可知答案为A。

49. 考查名词。A. person 人；B. adult 成年人；C. stranger陌生人；D. friend朋友。建议孩子在地震后闻到煤气味，及时告诉大人。故选B。

六、书面表达（共20分）

Dear Phil,

I’m sorry to learn about from the Internet that your hometown was struck by the tornado the day before yesterday. According to the video of the report, the tornado was so strong that it brought about a lot of losses. Many houses were destroyed and worse still, many people were injured or some even killed.

Seeing the disaster, I have been worried about you and your family. I’m anxious to know your present situations. Please tell me what you experienced these days. I know that help has already arrived. I hope that everything is all right for you!

I’m looking forward to hearing from you!

Yours,

Li Hua