高考英语【一轮复习】高考英语一轮复习语法专题(六)省略学案
展开【省略综述】在英语中,有时为了避免结构上或内容上的重复,并使上下文紧密连接;有时因为语法的客观要求,在不引起误解的情况下,句子中的一个或几个成分不需要表达出来,这种现象称为省略。省略有词法上的省略,也有句法上的省略,还有一种替代省略。省略部分的成分和含义可从上下文或具体语言环境中找到而且是有章可循的。
一、 省略的目的
(一)避免重复,减少累赘。
Mike said that he wuld cme t schl t see me the next day, but he didn't cme t schl t see me the next day. 迈克说他第二天要来学校看我,但是第二天他并没有来学校看我。
→Mike said that he wuld cme t schl t see me the next day, but he didn't. 迈克说他第二天要来学校看我,但是他并没有来。(省掉最后九个词,句子简洁多了)
— What did he want yesterday 他昨天要了什么?
— An apple. 一个苹果。
(如果回答时说出全文“He wanted an apple yesterday”,便显得别扭,不自然)
(二)连接紧密,结构紧凑。
Jhn was the winner in 1994 and Bb in 1998. 约翰是1994年的获胜者,鲍勃是1998年的获胜者。(Bb后省略了was the winner,句子结构显得比较紧凑)
In sme places we stpped in tents fr the night, in ther places in caves. 我们在有些地方住在帐篷里过夜,在有些地方住在山洞里。(in ther places 后省略了主语和谓语we stpped fr the night,上下文连接更加紧密)
(三)强调重点,突出信息。
省略的另一作用是突出新的信息。
Truth speaks t lw, hypcrisy t lud. 真理讲话声太低,虚伪讲话声太高。
(后一分句省略谓语speaks,突出了t lud)
— Have yu tld him that? 你把那告诉他了吗?
— Nt yet. 还没有呢。(= I have nt tld him that yet. 强调nt yet )
二、 可省略的成分
(一)功能词的省略
功能词指的是没有完整意义,但有语法意义的词,如冠词、介词、助动词等。英语句子结构的简洁,首先表现在功能词的省略上。
1.冠词的省略
(1)在表示官衔、职务的名词前,通常省略冠词,例如:
They elected Jhn (the) mnitr f the class. 他们选约翰当班长。
Obama was elected president again. 奥巴马再次当选总统。
(2)意思明确为了避免重复,通常承前省略,例如:
A man and (a) wman are talking in the ffice. 办公室一男一女正在谈话。
He culd nt understand why there was n nise cming frm the huse, nt even the sund f the radi r (the) televisin.
他不明白为什么从屋子里一点响声也没传出来,甚至连收音机和电视机的声音也没有。
(3)在the next day (mrning, week, year…)等短语中,有时为了使语气紧凑,定冠词the 常可以省略,例如:
We went t the farm t help the farmers with the harvest (the) next day.
第二天我们来到农场帮助农场主收获庄稼。
(4)在副词的最高级前面的定冠词常可以省略,例如:
She sings best in the class. 她在班上歌唱得最好。
(5)在某些独立主格结构中,冠词常可以省略,例如:
Our teacher came in, a bk in hand. 我们老师手里拿着书走了进来。
= Our teacher came in, with a bk in his hand.
【小叮咛】在英语新闻标题、告示中,经常省略冠词。
Chinese President Stresses Rle f Wrking Class 中国国家主席强调工人阶级作用
(新闻标题 = The Chinese President Stresses the Rle f the Wrking Class)
Peple Rebuild Hmes After Fld 洪水退后人民重建家园
(新闻标题 = The Peple Rebuild Their Hmes After the Fld)
DO NOT SPEAK TO DRIVER WHILE BUS IS IN MOTION 汽车在行驶时请勿和司机讲话。
(告示 = D nt speak t the driver while the bus is in mtin)
2.代词的省略
I went t the market, (I) bught smething useful, and (I) returned hme within an hur.
我去了市场,买了点有用的东西,一小时之内就回来了。
They didn't like it, yet (they) said nthing. 他们并不喜欢它,可是什么话也没说。
(It) Desn't matter. 这不碍事。
(Yu) Had a gd time, didn't yu 玩得开心,是吧?
I like yur tw small bttles, but I dn't like the smallest (ne).
我喜欢你的两只小瓶子,但我不喜欢最小的那一只。
3.连词的省略
We are delighted (that) yu can cme. 你能来,我们很高兴。
I believe (that) yu will succeed.我相信你们会成功的。
It's a pity (that) he's leaving. 他要走,真遗憾。
关系词的省略
I'll give yu all (that) I have. 我要把我所有的一切都给你。
He read the bk (which) I gt yesterday. 他看过我昨天买的书了。
It wasn't I (wh) let him in. 不是我放他进来的。
It happened n the day (when) we first met. 这发生在我们初次见面的那一天。
There is a man (wh) wants t see yu. 有个人想要见你。
5.助动词的省略
(Des) Anyne want a drink? 有谁要喝一杯吗?
Wh (d) yu think yu are? 你以为你是谁?
(在特殊疑问句中,当主语是第二人称时,助动词d可省略)
6.不定式符号的省略
(1) 当几个不定式并列时,一般只需在第一个不定式前用t,例如:
I hpe t finish my jb and (t) g back hme. 我希望做完事回家。
(2) 主语从句中含有d,那么作表语的动词不定式往往省略t,例如:
What we culd d was (t) get away. 我想要做的是立刻走。
(3) dare作行为动词用时,否定式可省略t,例如:
We did nt dare (t) speak. 我们不敢说话。
(4) 在can nt but, can nt chse but, d nthing but…, can't help but…, prefer t d rather than d …, wuld d… rather than… 之后的动词不定式一般不带t;but之前有实义动词d的某个形式d, des, did, dne 而且其宾语是smething,nthing,anything和everything等不定代词时,也不带t, 否则要带t,例如:
There is nthing t d but (t) bey the rders. 除了服从命令之外,我们别无他法。
We d nthing nw but wait. =We have nthing t d but wait. 除了等待,我们什么也做不了。
I can nt but admire his curage. 我不得不敬佩他的勇气。
He has n chice but t accept the fact. 他别无选择,只好接受事实。
(5)在hpe, like, lve, prmise, want, wish, prefer, expect, try, mean, decide, intend, try等词后作宾语的不定式常省略,例如:
—Hw abut cming t my huse? 来我这儿怎么样?
—I’d lve t if it desn’t give yu s much truble. 如果不给你添麻烦的话,我愿意去。
Yu may g if yu want t. 如果你想走,你就走。
She can get a jb if she hpes t. 如果他愿意的话,他能得到一份工作。
—Hw abut ging hunting with me tmrrw? 明天和我一起去打猎怎样?
—I’d like t, but I have n time. 我愿意,但是我没有时间。
(5) 在allw, ask, tell 等词后作宾语补足语的不定式常省略,例如:
Dn’t clse the windw until I ask yu t. 我没叫你关窗户你就别关。
Dn’t tuch the light unless yur mther allws yu t.
除非你妈妈允许,否则你不要触摸那个灯泡。
Dn’t plant ptates until the peasant tells yu t.直到农民告诉你怎样种土豆,你才种。
(6) 在be able t, be ging t, have t, need t, enugh t, used t等后的不定式需省略,例如:
He didn’t want t hand in his cmpsitin, but he had t. 他不想交作文,但是他又不得不交。
I dn’t sing much, nw, but I used t a lt. 现在我唱歌不多了,但是过去唱的很多。
If yu dn’t want t say anything at the meeting, yu dn’t need t.
如果你不想在会议上讲,你就没有必要讲。
(7) 在afraid, glad, happy, pleased, srry等词后作状语的不定式常省略,例如:
—Will yu g with me t see the film tnight? 今晚和我一起去看电影吧?
—I’ll be glad t. 我非常乐意。
She didn’t g ut last night, because she was afraid t. 昨天晚上他没出去,因为他害怕。
(8)有些动词,如:believe, find, think, feel, cnsider, imagine, prve等后作宾补的结构t be + n. / adj. 中的t be可以省略。例如:
I cnsider him (t be) stupid. 我认为他很傻。
(9)在see, watch, hear, feel, bserve, ntice, lk at, listen t等感官动词及使役动词let, make, have 后的“宾语+动词不定式作宾语补足语”的结构中,不定式符号t须省略,但这类结构变成被动语态时,其后的不定式要还原加上t,例如:
They made the wrkers wrk mre than 16 hurs a day. 他们要求工人每天工作16个多小时。
The wrkers were made t wrk mre than 16 hurs a day. 工人们被要求每天工作16多个小时。
【小叮咛】
(1)当两个并列的不定式在意义上表示对比关系时,后面的不定式一般不省略t。
T be r nt t be, that is the questin. 活着还是死亡,这就是问题所在。
It was better t laugh than t cry. 笑比哭好。
(2)承前省略的动词不定式如果有助动词have或be,则要保留be或have,
— Are yu a dctr? 你现在是一个医生吗?
— N, but I used t be 不,但是我过去是。
7.介词的省略
He went (in) that way. 他往那边去了。
The tw bys are (f) the same age. 这两个男孩年龄一样大。
I am in dubt (abut) whether this is right r nt. 我拿不定主意这对不对。
Yu may cme t see me (at) any time between 4 and 5. 你在4点到5点之间随时都可以来见我。
She must have stayed here (fr) a lng time. 她在这里一定呆了很久了。
【小叮咛】在下列结构中,介词in常常省略。
be busy (in) ding sth. 忙于做某事
spend time (in) ding sth. 花时间做某事
waste energy (in) ding sth. 浪费精力做某事
have difficulty (in) ding sth. 做某事有困难
have a gd time (in) ding sth. 某事做得非常愉快
have a hard time (in) ding sth. 某事做得很艰难
take turns (in) ding sth. 轮流做某事
It is n use (in) ding sth. 做某事没有用
It is n gd (in) ding sth. 做某事无益
There is n hurry (in) ding sth. 不必着急做某事
There is n pint (in) ding sth. 做某事无意义
There is n use (in) ding sth. 做某事没有用
8.引导词there的省略
(There) Ought t be sme cffee in the pt. 壶里应该有些咖啡的。
(There) Must be smebdy waiting fr yu. 肯定有人在等你。
(二)句子成分的省略
1.省略主语
Hpe s. 希望如此。(= I hpe s.)
Beg yur pardn. 请你原谅。(= I beg yur pardn.)
Take care! 当心!(= Yu take care.)
Lks as if it will rain. 看起来像要下雨。(= It lks as if it will rain.)
Serves yu right. 你活该!(= It serves yu right.)
【小叮咛】祈使句主语通常省略(如Take care! 当心!)。但有时为了明确对方,可加上主语。
Yu feed the bird tday, will yu 今天你喂鸟,好吗?
Smebdy answer the phne, please. 请来个人接一下电话。
省略谓语
Anything the matter?要紧吗?(= Is anything the matter)
Wh next ?该谁了?(= Wh cmes next?)
Just a mment, please. 请等一会儿。(= Just wait a mment, please.)
The river was deep and the ice thin. 河很深,冰很薄。(= The river was deep and the ice was thin.)
We'll d the best we can. 我们将尽力而为。(= We'll d the best we can d.)
What we can't get seems better than what we have. 我们得不到的似乎要比我们已经得到的要好。(= What we can't get seems better than what we have gt.)
3.省略表语
Are yu ready Yes, I am. 你准备好了吗? 我准备好了。(am后面省略了表语ready)
He is a lver f sprts as he was in his yuth.
他还是像年轻时那样,是一位运动爱好者。(was后面省略了表语a lver f sprts)
China has been, and still is, the mst ppulus cuntry in the wrld. (= China has been the mst ppulus cuntry in the wrld and still is the mst ppulus cuntry in the wrld.)中国过去是,而且现在还是世界上人口最多的国家。
4.省略宾语
We have t analyze and slve prblems.
我们必须分析问题解决问题。(analyze后省略了宾语prblems)
I struck match after match, but culd nt light.
我划了一根又一根火柴,但一根也没划着。(light后省略了宾语a match)
Let's d the dishes. I'll wash and yu'll dry. 让我们洗碗吧,我来洗,你来揩干。
(wash和dry后面省略了宾语dishes)
省略定语
He spent part f the mney, and the rest he saved. 他花了一部分钱,其余的他都存了起来。(the rest后面省略了定语f the mney)
6.省略状语
(Even) The wisest man cannt knw everything. 即使最聪明的人也不能无所不知。
Mary spke (rudely), and Jhn answered rudely. 玛丽说得粗鲁,约翰答得也粗鲁。
He was nt hurt. (Hw) Strange! 他没有受伤,真奇怪!
三、 省略在句子中的运用
(一) 简单句中的省略
1.依赖上下文的省略,在对话中最为常用。
Like mre beer? 再要点啤酒吗?(= Wuld yu like mre beer?)
— Wuld yu mind if I used yur telephne? 用一下你的电话,你介意吗?
— Nt at all. 一点也不。(= I d nt mind at all.)
— Will he pass this examinatin他这次考试会通过吗?
— Prbably. 大概会的。(= He will prbably pass the examinatin.)
【小叮咛】 被省略的部分一般可以根据上下文在句子中补上,但有时省略结构已经定型,如果把省略部分补上,反而显得累赘或不合乎习惯。
An hur in the mrning is wrth tw in the evening.
一日之计在于晨。(在tw后补上hurs显得罗嗦。)
It is nw ten t seven. 现在七点十分。(如说It is nw ten minutes t seven 'clck. 显得累赘)
N parking. 禁止停车。(= N parking is allwed here. 告示用语,补上不合乎习惯。)
2.不依赖于上下文的省略。
All abard! 请上船。(=All g abard. 省略谓语)
What exciting news! 多么令人激动的消息啊!(= What exciting news it is! 省略主语+谓语)
Sunds like a gd idea. 听上去是个好主意。(= It sunds like a gd idea. 省略主语)
Everybdy appears well prepared. 看起来大家都准备好了。(=Everybdy appears t be well prepared. 省略不定式t be)
(二) 并列句中的省略
并列句中如果前后分句有相同的部分,常常可以省略掉,以避免重复。通常被省略的可以是主语、谓语、谓语动词、宾语或其它成分,或句子成分的一部分。
1.省略出现在后一分句。
Jhn likes cllecting stamps but (Jhn) hates listening t music. 约翰喜欢集邮但不喜欢听音乐。(省略主语)
Sme bks are t be tasted, thers (are) t be swallwed, and sme few (are) t be chewed and digested. 有些书是应当尝尝滋味的,有些书是应当吞食下去的,有少数书是应当咀嚼和消化的。(省略谓语)
I have been t Beijing and (I have) seen the Great Wall. 我到过北京,见到了万里长城。(省略主语+助动词)
I asked him t see the film, but he didn't want t (see the film). 我请他去看电影,但他不想去。(省略作宾语的不定式)
2.省略出现在前一分句。
We can (win tmrrw's match), and certainly will, win tmrrw's match. 我们能够,而且一定会在明天的比赛中获胜。(前一分句省略谓语+宾语)
I wished (t find him), yet feared t find him. 我又想找到他,又怕找到他。
3.前后两个分句都出现省略。
They can (pay the full fee) and (they) shuld pay the full fee. 他们能够也应该支付全部费用。
I'll fly t (Guangzhu), but (I'll) drive back frm Guangzhu. 我将飞往广州,但开车回来。
(三)复合句中的省略
1.省略主句的句首部分。
(I'm) Srry I culdn't g. 很抱歉,我不能去。
(Is there) Nthing mre yu want t say 你没什么要补充吗?
2.省略整个主句或主句的一部分(回答问题时常用)。
(It is a ) Pity he's failed. 很遗憾,他失败了。
If he says he'll cme, he will (cme). 如果他说来,他就一定会来。
What (will happen) if it's raining 如果天下雨怎么办?
— Where is it 那东西在哪里?
—(It is) Where yu left it. 就在你放的地方。
— Hw are yu getting n with yur English 你的英语学得怎么样?
— (I'm) Nt (getting n) s well as I expected.没有我预计的那样好。
— Will yu g abrad sn 你很快要出国吗?
— (I'll) Nt (g abrad) until I graduate frm the cllege next summer.
要到明年夏天大学毕业后才走。
3.在一些状语从句中,如果谓语动词是be,主语又和主句的主语一致,或者主语是it,常常可以把从句中的主语和be省略掉。
(1)以when, while, nce, until等连词引导的时间状语从句
When (yu are) in Rme d as Rme des. 入国问禁,入乡随俗。
Whenever (it is) pssible, yu shuld speak English as much as yu can.
在任何可能的时间,你应多讲英语。(省略的主语it并不和主句的主语一致)
Please cme as sn as (it is) pssible. 请尽快来。
【小叮咛】由连词befre和after引导的时间状语从句,如省略了主语和be之后,befre和after就成了介词。
The ld machine must be checked befre it is used. 这台旧机器在使用前必须检查。
【误】The ld machine must be checked befre used. (动词的-ed形式不可做介词的宾语)
【正】The ld machine must be checked befre being used.
He tld me the truth after he was asked three times. 问了他三遍他才告诉我真相。
【误】He tld me the truth after asked three times.
【正】He tld me the truth after being asked three times.
(2)以as if, as thugh等连词引导的方式状语从句
She lay there, as if (she was) dead. 她躺在那儿,好像死了。(省略的主语和主句的主语一致)
He pened his lips as if (he were ging) t say smething. 他张开嘴唇,好像要说什么话似的。
(3)以if, unless等连词引导的条件状语从句
We shall start at eight, if (it is) cnvenient. 如果方便的话,我们八点钟出发。
Crrect the mistakes in the fllwing sentences, if (there are) any.
如果下面句子中有错,请加以改正。
English wrds are easily frgtten unless (they are) cnstantly repeated.
英语单词不经常重复是很容易忘记的。
(4)以even if, even thugh, thugh, althugh, whether等连词引导的让步状语从句
Frst is pssible, thugh (it is) nt prbable, even at the end f May.
甚至在五月底下霜也是可能的,虽然可能性不太大。
Whether (it is) difficult r nt, we will try ur best t cmplete the task.
不管任务是否艰巨,我们都要尽力去完成。
Whatever the cause (may be), the result is certain. 不论原因是什么,结果是确定的。
Thugh (he is) yung, he knws a lt. 他虽然年轻但懂得很多。
【小叮咛】在这类从句中,如果be是助动词,后面跟着现在分词或过去分词,只要主语和从句中的主语相同,也可以把从句中的主语和助动词be省略掉。
He hurt his leg while (he was) riding a hrse. 他在骑马时伤了腿。
When (yu are) cycling, dn't frget the traffic lights. 骑车时,不要忘记看红绿灯。
Once (it is) seen, it can never be frgtten. 一旦看见,就永远不会忘记。
If (it is) burnt, rubber can give ff a pisnus gas. 橡胶如果燃烧起来,会发出有毒气体。
(四)在比较从句中通常把和主句重复的部分省掉。
1. 省略谓语的全部
James enjys the theatre mre than Susan.
詹姆斯比苏姆更喜欢戏剧。(Susan后省略了enjys the theatre)
Tm has as many bks as Jack. 汤姆有跟杰克一样多的书。(Jack后省略了has many bks)
2. 省略主语和谓语的一部分
Brwn speaks French as fluently as English. 布朗说法语和英语一样流利。(as后省略了he speaks)
She was mre angry than frightened. 与其说她害怕,倒不如说她生气。(than后省略了She was)
3. 省略表语部分
Mrs. White is nt s yung as she lks. 怀特夫人没有看上去那样年轻。(lks后省略了yung)
The situatin is much mre delicate than it seems.
情况要比表面上看起来微妙得多。(seems后省略了delicate)
4. 省略主语和谓语的大部分,保留状语
He is wrking harder than befre. 他现在工作比过去努力多了。(than后省略了he wrked hard)There are as many students in ur schl as in their schl.
我们学校的学生和他们学校的学生一样多。(as后省略了there are many students)
5. 省略主语
He drank a little mre than was gd fr him. 他喝酒稍有一点过量。(than后省略了it)
6. 省略宾语
Yu spent mre mney than I had expected.
你花掉的钱比我预料的多。(expected后省略了that yu shuld spend)
I was able t brrw as many bks as (what) I asked fr. 我想要的许多书如数借到。
7. 省略从句的全部
Yu are getting slimmer. 你越来越苗条了。(slimmer后省略了than yu were befre)
It is nt nly blind men wh make such stupid mistakes. Peple wh can see smetimes act just as flishly. 不仅仅只是瞎子才犯如此愚蠢的错误。有时候,眼睛看得见的人也做出同样的蠢事。(flishly后省略了as blind men act)
【小叮咛】
(1)在这类句子中,被省略的部分大多数是不表示出来的。如果把省略部分补上,反而不合乎习惯。
He is taller than I am. 他比我高。(am之后省略tall,补上不合习惯)
(2)主句和从句中可同时省略一些成分。
The sner (this is dne), the better (it will be). 越快越好。
(If yu take) N pains, (yu will make) n gains. (谚)不劳则无获。
四、使用替代词的省略
我们在省略句子某些成分时,有时还必须加上适当的替代词,如d, s, ne等,以保持句子意思的完整。
1.d
d用来代替动词或动词加其他成分。
I knw yu better than he des. 我比他更了解你。(he des等于he knws yu)
--- Have yu finished yur wrk
--- Yes, I did yesterday. (did替代finished my wrk)
2.s
s在expect, think, imagine, hpe, suppse, believe等词后面,代替单词、词组或句子。
She became a lyal friend t me and remains s.
她成了我的一个忠诚的朋友,而且一直如此。(s替代a lyal friend)
--- Has she ever been t Lndn 她曾到过伦敦吗
--- I dn't think s. 我想她没去过。(= I dn't think she has been t Lndn.)
【小叮咛】也可使用d s, d that来代替动词加宾语。
He said he wuld make the bed fr me but he didn't d s.
他说他帮我整理床铺的,但是他没有这样做。(d s代替make the bed fr me)
They played cards after supper and I watched them d that.
他们晚饭后打牌,我在一旁观看。(d that代替play cards)
3.nt
nt代替否定的句子,用法和s相似。
--- Will it rain tmrrw 明天会下雨吗
--- I hpe nt. 我希望不会。(= I hpe it wn't rain tmrrw.)
--- Can yu cme next week 你下星期能来吗
--- I'm afraid nt. 恐怕我不能来。(= I'm afraid that I can nt cme.)
4.the same
the same可代替词组或从句。
The mther swept the flr and her child did the same.
母亲扫地, 孩子也跟着干。(the same代替swept the flr)
Kate rdered tw fried eggs. I rdered the same.
凯特点了两个煎鸡蛋,我也点了同样的菜。(the same代替tw fried eggs)
These ranges are just as sur as the last nes we had. They taste the same.
这些桔子和我们上次吃的一样酸。他们味道一样。(the same代替as sur as the last nes we had)
5.ne
ne是不定代词,常用来代替可数名词。其复数形式是nes。
I haven't gt any bks; can yu lend me ne 我没有书,你能借我一本吗
The white dresses g with the hat better than the blue nes. 白色套装比蓝色套装更配这顶帽子。
6. “S / Nr (Neither)+谓语+主语”这种句型是用来替代前面提到的情况,表明它也适用于后者,例如:
— I dn't think I can walk any further.
—我想我是再也走不动了。
— Neither can I. Let's stp here fr a rest.
—我也是。我们停下休息一会儿吧。
【巧学妙记】口语中常用的省略句。
Up t yu!你说了算!
Believe me. 相信我。
Give me a hand. 帮我一下。
Desn't matter. 没关系。
Me t. 我也一样。
Nt yet. 还没有。
T bad! 太糟糕啦!
Mind yu!当心!
Where t? 要去哪儿?
Sure, n prblem. 当然,没问题。
That much. 太贵了吧?
Get lst! 滚开!
S that explains it. 原来如此
T strange t be true! 太奇怪了,不真实。
See what I mean? 了解我的意思吗?
【巧学妙记】省略顺口溜
回答问题要简洁,并列重复需省略。
祈使主语常省略,比较than后需省略。
宾从表从that勿省略。
前后出现同一词,习惯表达需省略。
【小试牛刀】
I 根据括号内的省略提示翻译下列各个句子。
1. 好久不见了!(省略主语)
___________________________________.
2. 你要什么东西吗?(省略谓语)
___________________________________.
3. 我不知道他是谁。(省略宾语)
___________________________________.
4. 你有墨水吗?(省略主语和谓语的一部分)
___________________________________.
5. 他教英语,他弟弟教数学。(省略谓语)
___________________________________.
6. 当被问到她是谁的时候,她一句话也没说。(省略主语和谓语的一部分)
___________________________________.
II 单项选择
1.The by wanted t ride his bike in the street, but his mther tld him _____.
A. nt t B. nt t d C. nt d it D. d nt t
2.The traditinal gal f science is t discver hw things are, nt hw they ught ____.
A. t B. t be C. be D. have been
3.---Did yu wrk in the lab every afternn? ---N, but smetimes, I wish I ____.
A. had time t B. had time t d C. have time t D. have time
4.---I hpe the children wn’t tuch the dg. ----I’ve warned them ____.
A. nt B. nt t C. nt tuch D. nt d
5.Sme students are ging t China in summer vacatin, and ____.
A. sme are t America B. sme ging t America C. sme t America D. sme America
6.The wrkers did all ___ gd care f the ld man.
A. they culd t take B. they culd take C. which they culd t take D. what they culd t take
7.Of all the things in the wrld, I think life and lve are ____.
A. very much precius B. mre than precius C. the preciusest D. the mst precius
8.The phtgraphs f ther planets taken by satellite are clear than ___.
A. the earth B. thse taken frm the earth C. thse f the earth D. f the earth
9.why ___? It is nt very serius.
A. t wrry B. wrry C. nt wrry D. yu are wrried
10.___ the rad, dn’t frget t lk bth ways.
A. As crssing B. While yu crss C. While crssing D. Crss
11.Chemistry is the science f substances ___ the science f energy.
A. and is physics B. r is physics C. and physics D. r physics is
12. –Wh brke the windw? --- ____.
A. Him B. He C. He brke D. It is him
13.---Susan, g and jin yur sister cleaning the yard. --- Why ___? Jhn is sitting there ding nthing. A. him B. he C. I D. me
14.---Hw d yu find yur missing pen? ----___.
A. Quite by accident B. I fund it in my drawer.
C. It writes well D. It was well kept by myself.
15.---Yu must bey every wrd f mine. ----____ I dn’t.?
A. Hw if B. What if C. Such as D. Only if
Keys:
I
1. (I) Haven't seen yu fr ages!
2. (Is there) Anything yu want?
3. I dn't knw (wh he is).
4. (Have yu) Gt any ink?
5. He teaches English and his brther maths.
6. When (she was) asked, she didn't answer a wrd.
II 1-5ABABC 6-10ADBBC 11-15CADCB
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