初中英语中考语法复习重难点微专题(10)习惯用法固定搭配快速记忆诀窍(含练习和答案)学案
展开举个例子来说:大家一定背过“be+形容词+介词”这一类搭配,比如,be friendly with,和某人相处得很友好,be friendly t,对某人很友好,be busy with,be different frm,be excited abut,be interested in,be strict with,be strict in等等,这类格式的搭配不计其数。
如果把这类格式的搭配,都当作习惯用法和固定搭配的话,那将会有成千上万条需要我们来学习,这么多内容靠死记硬背是很难记住的。换一种思维理解来记忆就简单多了。
1、理解介词的意思
事实上,英语中的习惯用法和固定搭配是特别少的,它们只是用来解释非常小的一部分特例。我们所说的“习惯用法”、“固定搭配”,并不是真正意义上的固定用法,它们的搭配都是有实在意义的,是可以用来理解记忆的。因为短语中的介词,是由后面对象决定的。
我们来分析一下下面的例句:
1)Our English teacher is strict with us.我们的英语老师对我们要求很严格。
2)Our teacher is strict in his wrk.我们的老师对工作要求很严。
3)He is friendly with his classmates.他和他的同学相处得很好。
4)She is friendly t everybdy.她对每一个人都很友好。
同学们仔细体会这四个句子,形容词strict意思都是“严格的”,with us、in his wrk这些不同方面的strict都是“严格”,它的核心意思没有变,但后面因为不同的介词with和in,就表达了不同的意思;
比如,be strict with smebdy.这里的介词with 有“和,一起,对……态度”的意思,所以合在一起就是“对某人要求严格”;
be strict in smething.这里的介词in有“在……上,在……方面”的意思,所以合在一起就是“在某事方面要求严格”;
be friendly t.这里的介词t,有指明对象的意思,所以合在一起表达“对……友好”。
通过这些分析,我们不难发现,这类语法点,唯一需要记的就是介词的选择,比如上面的with,in,t,abut,frm等,其实大家想想,只要掌握了这些介词的意思,我们很自然就可以理解记住这些搭配的意义了。
2、找准宾语,学会英语思维解决问题
在学习中同学们经常会遇到in the face,n the head,by the hand,n her nse等等类似动词+smebdy+介词+身体部位。先给大家看两个句子:
1)I hit her n her head.
2)I caught her by the clthes.
这样的句子是我们学习的盲点,作翻译句子的时候最容易出错,因为我们汉语根本不会这样说话,而是说成:I hit her head. 和I caught her clthes.那么英语为什么这么说呢?
事实上这两种说法的意思是完全不同的,I hit her head.宾语是her head,而I hit her n the head.宾语是her,n her head是状语。
I caught her clthes. I caught her by the clthes.意思就更不相同了,前一句表示:我抓住了她的衣服,而后一句表示:我抓住了她(通过她的衣服)。英语就是这样,真正理解了,学起来就不难了。
介词固定搭配
( )1. The lcal cmmunity center is pen ________ Mnday t Saturday.
A. in B. frm C. fr D. n
( )2. Yu can buy almst everything ________ the Internet, and it 's very easy.
A. int B. fr C. at D. n
( )3. It' s a gd idea t send the ld bks ________ the children wh need them.
A. at B. f C. t D. by
( )4.A gd student cnnects what he reads ________ what he sees arund him.
A. fr B. with C. in D. n
( )5. —Hi, guys. Where were we yesterday?
—We learned the differences ________ fact and pinin.
A. between B. amng
C. during D. beynd
( )6.My English teacher is always strict ________ us.
A. in B. at C. with D. abut
( )7.We shuld be kind t the ld and take care________ them in daily life.
A. f B. fr C. with D. abut
( )8. —The summer vacatin is cming. I' m lking frward ________ it.
—Me t.
A. at B. t C. n
( )9.Xiagan is well knwn ________ the culture f “Xia”.
A. in B. fr C. at D. n
( )10.—Wh is Dave lking ________?
—His mther. She' s been in hspital fr a few days.
A. fr B. after C. at D. up
其他介词
( )11. —Alice, wuld yu like t g hiking with us?
—What a pity! I m free every day ________ tday.
A. fr B. except C. besides D. amng
( )12. (2018绵阳)—What did yu get fr yur birthday, Tny?
—An iPad4, ________ my aunt.
A. t B. frm C. with D. fr
( )13. ________ all the students, the tw bys wrte the article best.
A. With B. Fr C. Of D. Frm
( )14.The “teacher-free exam” means that students take their exams ________ teachers. Students must be mre hnest.
A. withut B. against C. thrugh D. by
( )15.________ Jurney t the West, she has als read Little Wmen.
A. Besides B. But C. Except
( )16.Althugh he was________ my pinin, the ld prfessr didn 't cme up with his wn.
A. against B. n C. fr D. in
答案:
1-5 B D C B A 6-10 C A B B B 11-16 B B C A A A
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