2022届高考英语一轮复习话题练 第2练 语言学习（解析版）

这是一份2022届高考英语一轮复习话题练 第2练 语言学习（解析版），共11页。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Yur majr，the Chinese Language，is ne f the best majrs(majr) in the university.
2．Vcabulary is very imprtant when yu are learning(learn) a freign language，but that desn’t mean yu shuld frget all abut the grammar rules.
3．One f the mst effective(effect) ways t build vcabulary is t read gd bks.
4．Anther nice thing is that yu learn abut new wrds and their usage uncnsciusly，meaning that yu will tend t use the wrds learned(learn) this way in cnversatins almst autmatically.
5．T everyne’s amazement，Ruth was abut t take(take) dwn each wrd and each sentence while listening t the material in English.
6．With the wrld becming(becme) a glbal village，English is getting mre and mre imprtant.
7．He had many pprtunities t cmmunicate with freigners in English when he was at cllege.
8．Her English was s limited(limit) that she culdn’t understand what the native speakers said.
9．It’s because f her effrts in class that she gt the first place in the English cntest in ur schl.
10．Only by practicing(practice) hard can yu learn a freign language quite well.
Ⅱ.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)
11．I ften lk eq \f(n,up) the wrds I dn’t knw in the dictinary r n the Internet.
12．The students were carefully taking eq \f(nte,ntes) while their teacher was explaining sme grammar rules.
13．As an internatinal language，English acts eq \(\s\up7(∧),\s\d5(as)) a bridge linking all cuntries tgether nwadays.
14．The learning f any language can be valuable and rewarding，eq \f(and,but) it is nt suitable fr everyne.
15．If yu had read the directins eq \f(careful,carefully)，sme mistakes in the ral test wuld have been avided.
16．We all like the prfessr’s new apprach t eq \f(teach,teaching) a freign language.
能力提升
Ⅲ.阅读理解
A
The best­knwn example f uter influence causing language change is the “Americanizatin” f wrld culture，which has caused English wrds t appear all ver the wrld.The effect is mst nticeable in pp music.Freign grups ften recrd in English，and the wrds are picked up and repeated everywhere，even by children wh therwise have little r n cmmand f the language.I nce met a Brazilian child f abut ten wh culd cunt “ne，tw，three”，but nly by adding the wrds “’clck，fur ’clck rck” at the end.
Sme peple are ften strngly critical f the influence f English n their language—especially when an English wrd replaces a traditinal wrd.In 1977，France passed a law banning the use f English wrds in fficial situatins if an equivalent(意义相同的) French expressin existed—but the law seemed t be hnured mre in the breaking than in the bserving.Sme ther cuntries have cnsidered intrducing a similar law despite the evidence that such laws have very little effect，and that the arrival f lan wrds(外来词) can greatly enrich a language (as indeed in the case f English itself，which has a lng histry f welcming freign wrds)．
Hwever，nt everyne is critical.In particular，cmmercial firms and advertisers are well aware f the ptential selling pwer that the use f English vcabulary can bring.In Japan，English is even used in televisin cmmercials，despite the fact that the majrity f viewers wuld nt understand exactly what was being said：the excellence implied by the mere use f English is apparently enugh t cmmand the strategy t the advertisers.
Mst f the influence f English is upn the vcabulary f freign languages，but surveys are slwly bringing t light several cases where wrd rder r wrd structure has been affected.Sentences f the type “The bk sells well”，using an active cnstructin fr a passive meaning，have begun t appear in Danish.Several languages keep the English plural ending when they make use f a lan wrd，and d nt translate it int the native frm， are many ther such cases.
1．Why culd the Brazilian child speak “ne，tw，three” in English?
A．Because he had seen these wrds everywhere in the street.
B．Because he had learnt hw t tell the time in English.
C．Because he had made himself master f English.
D．Because he had heard these wrds in sngs a lt.
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Freign grups ften recrd in nly by adding the wrds ‘’clck，fur ’clck rck’ at the end.”可知，文中提到的这个巴西小孩可能本身不太会说英语，但是由于含有这些英语数字的歌曲不断重复播放，所以他学会了说这些数字。故选D。
2．What can we infer abut the law passed in France in 1977?
A．It was strict.
B．It was unfair.
C．It was ften ignred.
D．It was strngly ppsed.
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“but the law seemed t be hnured mre in the breaking than in the bserving”及“such laws have very little effect”可知，人们经常不遵守这项法律，即这项法律经常被忽视。故选C。
3．Why d sme Japanese cmmercials use English?
A．T fllw the American trend.
B．T becme wrld­famus.
C．T enrich Japanese.
D．T increase sales.
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“the ptential selling pwer that the use f English vcabulary can bring”及“the excellence implied by the mere use f English”可知，广告中使用英语能让人感觉该产品很出色，激发人们的购买欲从而增加销量，这正是有些日本广告使用英语的原因。故选D。
4．Hw is the last paragraph mainly develped?
A．By prviding examples.
B．By making cmparisns.
C．By explaining grammar rules.
D．By analyzing language change.
答案 A
解析 写作手法题。最后一段中通过“主动结构表达被动意义”和“保留表示复数的词尾”两个例子来说明英语对其他语言的语序或结构也有影响。由此可知，最后一段主要是通过举例展开的。故选A。
B
Learning a secnd language is tricky at any age and it nly gets tugher the lnger yu wait t pen that dusty French bk.Nw，in a new study，scientists have pinpinted the exact age at which yur chances f reaching fluency in a secnd language seem t plummet：10.
The study，published in the jurnal Cgnitin，fund that it’s “nearly impssible” fr language learners t reach native­level fluency if they start learning a secnd tngue after 10.But that desn’t seem t be because language skills g dwnhill.“It turns ut yu’re still learning fast.It’s just that yu run ut f time，because yur ability t learn starts drpping at arund 17 r 18 years ld，” says study c­authr Jshua Hartshrne，an assistant prfessr f psychlgy at Bstn Cllege.
Kids may be better than adults at learning new languages fr many reasns.Children’s brains are mre plastic than thse f adults，meaning they’re better able t adapt and respnd t new infrmatin.“All learning invlves the brain changing，” Hartshrne says，“and children’s brains seem t be a lt mre skilled at changing.”
Kids may als be mre willing t try new things (and t ptentially lk flish in the prcess) than adults are.Their cmparatively new grasp n their native tngue may als be advantageus.Unlike adults，wh tend t default(默认) t the rules and patterns f their first language，kids may be able t apprach a new ne with a blank slate(石板)．
These findings may seem discuraging，but it was heartening fr scientists t learn that the critical perid fr fluent language acquisitin might be lnger than they previusly thught.Sme scientists believed that the brief windw clses shrtly after birth，while thers stretched it nly t early adlescence.Cmpared t thse estimates,17 r 18—when language learning ability starts t drp ff—seems relatively ld.
“Peple fared better when they learned by immersin(沉浸)，rather than simply in a classrm.And mving t a place where yur desired language is spken is the best way t learn as an adult.If that’s nt an ptin，yu can mimic an immersive envirnment by finding ways t have cnversatins with native speakers in their wn cmmunities，” Hartshrne says.By ding s，it’s pssible t becme cnversatinally prficient—even withut the advantage f a child’s brain.
eq \x(语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了通过研究发现孩子比大人更容易学会一门新的语言。)
5．The underlined wrd “plummet” in Paragraph 1 is clsest in meaning t “ ”．
A．decrease B．rise
C．end D．vary
答案 A
解析 词义猜测题。根据第一段画线词所在句的内容以及第二段第一句的内容可知，此处表示的是10岁以后再学习第二语言想达到流利水平的可能性就会下降，因此画线词plummet意为“下降，降低”。故选A项。
6．What can be inferred frm Jshua Hartshrne’s wrds?
A．Children are t yung t grasp a secnd language.
B．Ages 10－18 are the best time t learn a secnd language.
C．Adults g beynd the critical perid fr learning a secnd language.
D．Cmmunicating with native speakers enables yu t master all the language skills.
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“It turns ut yu’re still learning fast.It’s just that yu run ut f time，because yur ability t learn starts assistant prfessr f psychlgy at Bstn Cllege.”以及第三段中的“‘All learning invlves the brain changing，’ Hartshrne says，‘and children’s brains seem t be a lt mre skilled at changing.’”可推知，乔舒亚·哈特肖恩认为成年人已经错过了学习第二语言的关键时期。故选C项。
7．What might be the reasn why adults can’t reach native­level fluency in a secnd language?
A．Adults are less influenced by their mther tngues.
B．Adults spend mre time respnding t new infrmatin.
C．Adults are nly t willing t experience smething awkward in the prcess.
D．Adults prefer an immersive envirnment t a classrm in learning a secnd language.
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Children’s brains are mre plastic than thse f adults，meaning they’re better able t adapt and respnd t new infrmatin.”可知，儿童的大脑比成人的大脑更具可塑性，他们能够更好地适应和应对新信息，由此可知，成年人花更多的时间对新信息做出反应，这可能使他们学习第二语言不能达到母语的流利程度，故选B。
8．The passage is mainly abut .
A．the best age t learn a secnd language
B．the appraches t learning a secnd language
C．why kids learn a secnd language mre easily than adults
D．whether adults can learn a secnd language like their yunger selves
答案 C
解析 主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是根据第三段第一句可知，本文主要是介绍了为什么孩子比大人更容易学会第二门新的语言。故选C项。
Ⅳ.完形填空
(2020·河南郑州质检)
Very few f us becme fluent in anther language by learning it in high schl.
I went t university and then mved acrss the cuntry t seek a 1 jb，married and raised children.I made an effrt t 2 the little bit f French I learned in schl，but eventually I realized that this was really 3 .I was quite aware that new languages are best learned when yung，and that ur abilities in that regard decline with 4 .
Hwever，just befre my 50th birthday，I 5 French classes.After I was tested t see which grup I belnged t，I was placed at almst the intrductry 6 .When I lked arund at my first class，I was 7 that many f the students were learning French as a third，furth r even fifth language.
Cntrary t my 8 that learning a new language was impssibly difficult，there were peple wh learned new languages as a matter f curse.While I had always thught f myself as a 9 learner，that was n lnger the case.I 10 new vcabulary rather slwly.What I learned ne week seemed t 11 as sn as I learned the next skill.I had t lk up the 12 wrds and language structures ver and ver.Nw，after several years f learning，I can listen t the news in French and 13 90% f it n the first try，read a nvel if the language isn’t t 14 and hld up my end f a cnversatin if it desn’t g t fast.I’ve learned s much beynd grammar and vcabulary.I’ve met peple frm arund the wrld and all walks f life wh have the 15 t make fls f themselves in rder t learn smething new.I’ve been taught by 16 and inspiratinal teachers frm many crners f the wrld.Listening t the news as it is 17 t the peple f France，I have a renewed understanding f hw smething can lk 18 different frm anther viewpint.I’ve learned that a language is nt just a set f wrds，but a way f 19 .But mst f all，I’ve learned that it is never t 20 t learn smething new.
1．A.demanding B．temprary
C．meaningful D．ppular
答案 A
解析 句意为：我上了大学，然后到全国各地寻找一份要求很高的工作，结婚，养育孩子。demanding要求高的；temprary暂时的；meaningful有意义的；ppular流行的，受欢迎的。故选A。
2．A.understand B．review
C．keep D．master
答案 C
解析 句意为：我努力保持在学校里学的那一点法语，但最终我意识到这是毫无意义的。understand理解；review复习；keep保持；master精通，掌握。故选C。
3．A.helpful B．pintless
C．wrthwhile D．necessary
答案 B
解析 句意见上题解析。helpful有帮助的；pintless无意义的；wrthwhile值得的；necessary必要的。根据but转折可知，作者想保持在学校学的那一点法语，但最终失败了。所以他意识到自己的努力是“没有意义的”。故选B。
4．A.health B．cncern
C．interest D．age
答案 D
解析 句意为：我很清楚，学习新语言最好是在年轻的时候，而我们在这方面的能力会随着年龄的增长而衰退。health健康；cncern关心；interest兴趣；age年龄。故选D。
5．A.gt ready fr B．gt n with
C．signed up fr D．fell in lve with
答案 C
解析 句意为：然而，就在我50岁生日前夕，我报了法语班。get ready fr为……做好准备；get n with和……相处；sign up fr报名参加；fall in lve with爱上。根据下一句可知，作者经过测试被放到了入门级别。由此推知，作者报名参加了法语班。故选C。
6．A.level B．psitin
C．attempt D．test
答案 A
解析 句意为：在测试了我属于哪一组之后，我几乎被放在了入门级别。level水平，级别；psitin职位，位置；attempt企图；test检测，测试。故选A。
7．A.disappinted B．amazed
C．annyed D．excited
答案 B
解析 句意为：当我在第一堂课上环顾四周时，我惊讶地发现，许多学生都在把法语作为第三、第四甚至第五种语言来学习。disappinted失望的；amazed惊奇的；annyed恼怒的，生气的；excited兴奋的。故选B。
8．A.agreement B．research
C．assumptin D．cnclusin
答案 C
解析 句意为：与我的设想(学习一门新语言是非常困难的)相反，有一些人把新语言作为一件理所当然的事情来学习。agreement协议，一致；research研究；assumptin假定，设想；cnclusin结论。故选C。
9．A.clumsy B．cnfident
C．serius D．quick
答案 D
解析 句意为：虽然我一直认为自己是一个快速的学习者，但情况不再是这样。clumsy笨拙的；cnfident有信心的；serius严肃的；quick快速的。根据下文中的“that was n lnger the case ”和“rather slwly”可知，作者学习新词汇相当慢。由此推知，他原本认为自己是个学东西很快的人。故选D。
10．A.absrbed B．cnsulted
C．created D．recgnized
答案 A
解析 句意为：我吸收新词汇的速度相当慢。absrb吸收；cnsult咨询；create创造；recgnize认出。故选A。
11．A.g dwn B．pay ff
C．slip away D．build up
答案 C
解析 g dwn下降；pay ff还清；slip away逃走，悄悄溜走；build up建造。根据前一句作者吸收新词汇速度慢可知，作者学会下一个技能，前一周刚学的东西就会被忘记，即：前一周学的东西“溜走”了。故选C。
12．A.key B．same
C．fresh D．cmplex
答案 B
解析 句意为：我不得不一遍又一遍地查找相同的单词和语言结构。key关键的；same同样的；fresh新鲜的；cmplex复杂的。故选B。
13．A.catch B．recite
C．guess D．hear
答案 A
解析 句意为：现在，经过几年的学习，我可以听法语新闻，一次就能理解90%的内容。catch理解，抓住；recite背诵；guess猜测；hear听见。故选A。
14．A.changeable B．internatinal
C．difficult D．native
答案 C
解析 句意为：如果一本小说的法语不是特别难，我可以读懂这本小说。changeable可改变的；internatinal国际的；difficult困难的；native本地的，本国的。故选C。
15．A.chance B．trick
C．curage D．desire
答案 C
解析 句意为：我遇到过来自世界各地和各行各业的人，他们为了学习新东西，敢于出丑。chance机会；trick诡计，恶作剧；curage勇气；desire欲望，要求。故选C。
16．A.energetic B．patient
C．plite D．simple
答案 B
解析 句意为：我曾被来自世界各地有耐心并且鼓舞人心的老师教导。energetic精力充沛的；patient有耐心的；plite有礼貌的；simple简单的。故选B。
17．A.annunced B．sent
C．returned D．presented
答案 D
解析 句意为：听着向法国人民播出的新闻。annunce宣布；send派；return返回；present播出。故选D。
18．A.cmpletely B．equally
C．rughly D．slightly
答案 A
解析 句意为：听着向法国人民播出的新闻，我对一个事物从另一个角度看起来如何会完全不同有了新的理解。cmpletely完全地；equally平等地；rughly粗略地；slightly稍微地。故选A。
19．A.challenging B．thinking
C．living D．learning
答案 B
解析 句意为：我明白了语言不仅仅是一套单词，而且是一种思维方式。challenge挑战；think思考，认为，想；live生活，居住；learn学习。故选B。
20．A.slw B．impssible
C．late D．incnvenient
答案 C
解析 句意为：但最重要的是，我懂得了什么时候学习新东西都不晚。slw慢的；impssible不可能的；late晚的，迟到的；incnvenient不方便的。故选C。
Ⅰ.话题词汇总结
1．cmmand n．命令；指令，控制；掌握
2．expressin n．表达；表情；词语；表达方式
3．translate v．翻译
4．publish v．出版；发行；刊登
5．assistant n．助手，助理 adj.副的
6．native adj.本地的，当地的，土著的 n．本地人，当地人
7．fficial adj.官方的
8．pattern n．模式；方式
9．fluent adj.流利的
10．sign up fr报名参加
联想 常用的和语言学习有关的词汇还有：
1．interest n．兴趣 v．使感兴趣；使关注
2．vcabulary n．词汇；词汇量
3．absrb v．吸收；理解
4．recmmend vt.推荐
5．practice n．& v．练习
6．fcus v．集中(精力、注意力)等；聚焦 n．焦点
7．master v．掌握
8．standard n．标准
9．unique adj.独一无二的
10．knwledge n．知识
话题微写作——根据所给的汉语及以上词汇，完成下面的小短文。
我想推荐李明做你的助手。首先，他英语很好，能很轻松地跟当地人交流。其次，他对电脑很感兴趣，并且他也了解一些解决相关问题的方法。
I’d like t recmmend Li Ming as yur assistant.First f all，he has a gd knwledge f English，which makes it easy fr him t cmmunicate with native peple.Secnd，he has a great interest in the cmputer，and he als knws sme appraches t dealing with the prblems related t it.
Ⅱ.长难句分析
Sme ther cuntries have cnsidered intrducing a similar law despite the evidence that such laws have very little effect，and that the arrival f lan wrds(外来词) can greatly enrich a language.
[句式分析] 本句为复合句。Sme ther cuntries have cnsidered intrducing a similar law为主句，despite为介词，the evidence是despite的宾语，后边的两个that引导的都是同位语从句，解释说明evidence。
[自主翻译] 其他一些国家已经考虑引入类似的法律，尽管有证据表明此类法律效果甚微，而且外来词能极大地丰富一种语言。
[仿写运用] 尽管他不友好，而且他经常给别人留下不好的印象，我仍然认为他是个英雄。
I cnsidered him a her despite the fact that he was nt friendly，and that he ften left a bad impressin n thers.语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了英语在世界范围内广为使用，一些人经常强烈批评英语对他们母语的影响。
语篇解读 这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章介绍了作者在50岁学习法语，历经几年的努力，终于大概掌握这门语言的过程。同时，作者还介绍了自己的一些感想和体会。