2022届高考英语一轮复习（新教材外研版）Unit 3 The world of science学案

这是一份2022届高考英语一轮复习（新教材外研版）Unit 3 The world of science学案，共11页。


教材词汇要记牢
Ⅰ.阅读单词——我会认
1．gunpwder n．火药
2．cmpass n．指南针，罗盘
3．virtual adj.虚拟的，模拟的
4．cmpute v．计算
5．stuff n．东西，物品
6．passive adj.被动的
7．astrnmer n．天文学家
8．radium n．镭(一种化学元素)
9．lightning n．闪电
Ⅱ.重点单词——我会写
1．sht v．射出(光、亮等)，放射
2．flexible adj.易弯曲的，柔韧的
3．battery n．电池
4．beynd prep.无法……
5．instance n．例子，实例
6．chemist n．化学家
7．bilgist n．生物学家
8．species n．物种
9．stream n．小河，小溪
10．extrardinary adj.非凡的，出色的
11．brilliant adj.聪颖的，才华横溢的
12．thery n．学说，理论
13．cure n．药剂；疗法
14．draft v．起草，草拟
15．experiment n．(科学)实验
16．fictin n．虚构的事，想象的事
17．metal n．金属
18．attach v．系，绑；贴
19．flash n．闪光
20．cnduct v．传导(热、电)
21．gravity n．重力，引力
22．accunt n．记述，描述
23．prcedure n．程序，步骤，手续
Ⅲ.拓展单词——我会变
1．press v．按→pressure n．压(力)；压强；强制
2．capable adj.有能力的→capability n．能力
3．desire n．渴望，欲望→desirable adj.想望的；可取的
4．significant adj.重要的，影响深远的→significance n．重要性，意义
5．injure v．使受伤，弄伤→injury n．伤；损害
6．accurate adj.精确的→accurately adv.精确地
7．minr adj.小的→minrity n．少数
8．rigin n．起源，起因→riginal adj.最初的，原始的
9．mental adj.精神的；精神健康的→mentally adv.精神上；智力上
10．declaratin n．声明，宣告→declare v．宣布
11．scientific adj.科学(上)的→science n．科学
12．entirely adv.完全地，彻底地→entire adj.全部的，整个的
13．prf n．证明，证据→prve v．证明
Ⅳ.核心短语
1．in additin除此之外，另外
2．never say never别轻易说决不
3．instead f代替，而不是
4．in terms f在……方面；就……而言
5．be capable f有能力做……
6．wrk as担任；从事
7．lead t导致
8．beynd recgnitin难以辨认
9．be named after...根据……来命名
10．apart frm除了……之外(还)
高频词汇来助力
1．cnsideratin n．考虑；体谅
2．cnsistent adj.一贯的；一致的
3．cnsult vt.咨询；请教；商量
4．cntradict vt.反驳；相矛盾
5．cntradictry adj.相互矛盾的；对立的
6．cntrary adj.相反的
经典句式需悟通
1．And nw，we find urselves in the great new age f technlgy.
现在，我们发现自己处于伟大的新技术时代。
2．It is capable f using GPS technlgy t travel t different places，with cmputing technlgy cntrlling its “legs”．
它能依靠全球定位系统技术四处移动，电脑技术控制它的“双腿”。
3．S what is it that inspires us t invent things?
所以是什么激励我们进行发明创造的呢？
4．Hwever，neither the stry nr the details f the experiment are entirely true.
然而，这个故事以及实验的细节都不完全是真实的。
5．In fact，mre than ne accunt suggests that while Newtn was certainly inspired by a falling apple，there is n prf that it hit him n the head.
事实上，不止一种描述说明：虽然牛顿确实是受到了掉落苹果的启发，但是没有证据证明苹果打到了他的头。
Ⅰ.阅读单词(每小题1分，共9分)
1．gunpwder n．火药
2．cmpass n．指南针，罗盘
3．virtual adj.虚拟的，模拟的
4．cmpute v．计算
5．stuff n．东西，物品
6．passive adj.被动的
7．astrnmer n．天文学家
8．radium n．镭(一种化学元素)
9．lightning n．闪电
Ⅱ.重点单词(每小题2分，共20分)
1．flexible adj.易弯曲的，柔韧的
2．beynd prep.无法……
3．instance n．例子，实例
4．stream n．小河，小溪
5．extrardinary adj.非凡的，出色的
6．brilliant adj.聪颖的，才华横溢的
7．experiment n．(科学)实验
8．attach v．系，绑；贴
9．flash n．闪光
10．accunt n．记述，描述
Ⅲ.拓展单词(每空1分，共20分)
1．desire n．渴望，欲望→desirable adj.理想的；可取的
2．significant adj.重要的，影响深远的→significance n．重要性，意义
3．injure v．使受伤，弄伤→injury n．伤；损害
4．accurate adj.精确的→accurately adv.精确地
5．minr adj.小的→minrity n．少数
6．rigin n．起源，起因→riginal adj.最初的，原始的
7．mental adj.精神的；精神健康的→mentally adv.精神上；智力上
8．declaratin n．声明，宣告→declare v．宣布
9．scientific adj.科学(上)的→science n．科学
10．prf n．证明，证据→prve v．证明
Ⅳ.高频词汇(每小题1分，共5分)
1．cnsideratin n．考虑；体谅
2．cnsult vt.咨询；请教；商量
3．cntradict vt.反驳；相矛盾
4．cntradictry adj.相互矛盾的；对立的
5．cntrary adj.相反的
Ⅴ.核心短语(每小题1分，共6分)
1．never say never别轻易说决不
2．in terms f在……方面；就……而言
3．be capable f 有能力做……
4．wrk as担任；从事
5．lead t导致
6．apart frm除了……之外(还)
Ⅰ.单词拼写(根据汉语提示或首字母提示写单词) (每小题2分，共20分)
1．What’s all that sticky stuff n the carpet? Please tell me.
2．The kitchen is capable f catering fr several hundred peple.
3．Yu have t adpt a flexible(灵活的) methd t learn English.
4．In that area making a cmplaint is quite a simple prcedure(程序)．
5．I will cntinue t believe it until I get prf(证据) t the cntrary.
6．Since time was limited，I drafted(起草) my speech in 10 minutes.
7．She was caught in the mud，which accunted fr her dirty appearance.
8．Mst peple didn’t accept the thery(理论) when it was first put frward.
9．Maybe yur smartphne wn’t start because the battery needs recharging.
10．The prcess is painful，but the result is desirable.Remember：n pains，n gains.
Ⅱ.词形变化填空(用括号内所给词的适当形式填空) (每小题2分，共12分)
1．It is clear that many students are nw under great pressure(press)．
2．The bss was entirely(entire) satisfied with what the wrkers had dne.
3．I’m sure that this trip will be f great significance(significant) t yu.
4．In a wrd，t read the riginal(rigin) wrk is better than t see the film based n it.
5．The headmaster admired the yung teacher’s capability(capable) t give a wnderful class.
6．As a witness t the accident，I was asked t write a declaratin(declare) f what I had seen.
Ⅲ.经典句式仿写(每小题2分，共8分)
1．当她到家时，她发现宠物猫躺在院子里。(find复合结构)
When she arrived hme，she fund her pet cat lying in the yard.
2．为完成这三项历史性的任务，我们中国人要坚定地继续奋斗。(with复合结构)
With the three histric tasks t accmplish，we Chinese shuld keep n wrking with great determinatin.
3．他没有做过这事，以后也不会做这事。
Neither has he dne it，nr will he d it.
4．尽管他高兴得几乎说不出话来，但是他那灿烂的笑脸代表了他的心声。(while)
(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ，读后续写)
While he was s happy that he culd hardly speak，his bright smiling face spke fr him.
Ⅰ.课文语法填空 复习本单元Understanding ideas部分
Richard，the authr f the new bk The New Age f Inventin,1.was interviewed(interview) ne evening.The title f his bk suggested that the present day was a new age 2.fr inventins，but many peple might think that the great age f inventin was ver.In Richard’s pinin，there 3.had been(be) glden ages f inventin thrughut histry.He mentined the fur great inventins in Ancient China and the great Western inventins,4.thinking(think) that we were in the great new age f technlgy.He thught that mst f the new great inventins 5.were based(base) n mdern technlgy.Fr example，advances in virtual reality and wearable tech，as well as the flexible battery，meant that we shuld sn be seeing 6.further(far) develpments.He talked f several examples.New inventins like 3D printers had been used t make 7.replacement(replace) hearts and bne parts.In fact，he was als an inventr himself.In his pinin，mst inventins started with recgnising a prblem that needed a slutin.But 8.what remained imprtant was that we had an incredible desire t think and create，9.which was the real spirit f inventin.When 10.asked(ask) abut inventing a time machine，he said there was still a lng way t g.
Ⅱ.课文选词填空 复习本单元Develping ideas部分
eq \x(tuch，suggest，hwever，experiment，fictin，attach，die frm)
Benjamin Franklin nce carried ut a famus 1.experiment t prve that lightning was a frm f electricity.He raised a kite with a piece f string tied t it and a metal key 2.attached t the string.When a flash f lightning hit the kite，Franklin gt an electric shck by 3.tuching the key.Fr many years，schls have taught the stry f the experiment in rder t establish the truth.Hwever，new research 4.suggests that the stry may be 5.fictin instead f fact because scientists all agree that if Franklin had tuched the key actually，he wuld certainly 6.have died frm the electric shck.Admittedly，fictin is ften mre interesting than the truth.But in science，facts shuld be prved by experiments and research，and 7.hwever great a stry is，we shuld nt always believe everything we read r hear.
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇。
desire n．渴望，欲望；要求
vt.渴望，希望；要求
先练基础 ——单句语法填空
(1)Greatness cmes frm a lasting desire t explre(explre)．(2020·天津)
(2)It is bvius that he is nt ambitius and has n desire fr success.
(3)The by is wrking hard befre examinatins，fr he desires t pass(pass) the exam.
再提能力 ——完美写作·一句多译·背诵
(4)他母亲希望他成为一名建筑师。
①His mther desired him t be/becme an architect.
②His mther desired that he (shuld) be/becme an architect.
significant adj.重要的，影响深远的；显著的
先练基础 ——单句语法填空
(1)I think all writers shuld supprt libraries in a significant(significance) way when they can.
(2020·全国Ⅱ)
(2)The tw sets f figures are nt significantly(significant) different frm each ther.
(3)I d think this thery is really f great significance(significant)．
再提能力 ——完美写作·一句多译·背诵
(4)我认为餐桌礼仪非常重要。(应用文之介绍信)
①In my pinin，table manners are very significant.(significant)
②In my pinin，table manners are f great significance.(significance)
injure v.使受伤，弄伤
先练基础 ——单句语法填空
(1)She was injured(injure) s seriusly and had t be kept alive n a life supprt machine.
(2)The injured were sent(send) t the nearest hspital right away after the accident.
(3)He never says never s I firmly believe that he will recver frm the injury(injure) sn.
再提能力 ——完美写作·句式升级·背诵
(4)She was badly injured in the accident and was sent t the nearest hspital.(用非谓语动词改写)
→Badly injured in the accident，she was sent t the nearest hspital.
attach v.系，绑，贴；喜欢，依恋；附在……上；认为有重要性
先练基础 ——单句语法填空
(1)While I tend t buy a lt f bks，these three were given t me as gifts，which might add t the meaning I attach t them.(2020·全国Ⅰ)
(2)On her birthday she received a bx f chclates with a card attached(attach) t it，saying “Happy birthday！”
(3)They sent the injured t the hspital which is attached(attach) t the medical cllege nearby.
再提能力 ——完美写作·完成句子·背诵
(4)说实在的，许多人把名和利看得很重。
T be hnest，a lt f peple attach imprtance t becming famus and rich.
find＋宾语＋宾补
And nw，we find urselves in the great new age f technlgy.
现在，我们发现自己处于伟大的新技术时代。
先练基础 ——单句语法填空
(1)When he wke up，he fund himself lying(lie) n the grund.
(2)After wandering arund，we fund urselves lst(lse) in a strange rad.
(3)We find it passive fr sme students t memrize English wrds.
再提能力 ——完美写作·完成句子·背诵
(4)我惊讶地发现自己对这个活动很感兴趣。
I was surprised t find myself interested in the activity.
(5)听说你认为学习汉语诗歌很难。(应用文之建议信)
I hear that yu find it hard t learn Chinese pems.
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上单元词汇。
Ⅰ.一词多义练——清除阅读障碍
attach
1．I attached a pht t my applicatin frm. A
2．He attached himself t me at the party and I culdn’t get rid f him. C
3．In reality，my parents always attach great imprtance t my getting a gd educatin. D
Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识
1．The hunter sht at the rabbit but missed it.
2．In my pinin，his perseverance may accunt fr his achievement in his wrk.
3．The students were sitting in the classrm with their eyes fixed(fix) n the teacher.
4．While the jb is hard but it is extremely gd in terms f salary fr him with disability.
5．Wrried abut her nly sn，the mther ften pressed her sn t study(study) harder.
6．In time f success we remain mdest，while in time f difficulty we keep strng-minded.
7．Trying t cure the wman f her illness，the dctr tried treating her with a new medicine.
8．T his relief，his sn is studying in a middle schl attached(attach) t a famus university.
9．The cmpany is searching fr a persn wh has the capability t deal(deal) with such prblems.
10．He was injured(injure) n the way t schl and his classmates went t see him and aid him.
Ⅲ.写作增分练——提升语用能力
1．我们转过身来时发现小女孩在湖中挣扎，大声呼救。(find＋宾语＋宾补)
We turned arund and fund the little girl struggling in the lake，crying fr help.
2．正是因为他频繁的要求，他们昨天举办了一次小型聚会。(强调句型)
It was because f his frequent request that they rganized a small party yesterday.
3．既然你渴望学习中国文化，我认为北京语言大学(Beijing Language and Culture University)是你的理想去处。(desire)(2018·北京，书面表达)
Since yu have a strng desire t learn Chinese culture，I think Beijing Language and Culture University is an ideal place fr yu.
4．人们既不知道它的病源，也不了解它的治疗方法。()
Neither its cause nr its cure was understd.
5．我在街上走着时，遇到了我的一个老朋友。(while)
While (I was) walking in the street，I met with ne f my ld friends.
请先从表格中选用本单元所学单词完成下列短文，然后核对答案并背诵该短文。(文中加波浪线的句子为本单元的语法项目：现在完成时的被动语态)
eq \x(desire，in additin，flexible，prf，never say never)
There have been glden ages f inventin thrughut histry.Think f the fur great inventins in Ancient China：gunpwder，papermaking，printing and the cmpass.These inventins changed the wrld frever.Then there were the great Western inventins：the steam engine，the telephne and the radi.And nw mst f the new great inventins are tech-based.Fr example，advances in virtual reality and wearable tech，as well as the 1.flexible battery，mean we shuld sn be seeing further additin，imprtant advances have been made in medicine and envirnmental science thanks t increasing cmputer pwer.New inventins like 3D printers have been used t make replacement hearts and bne parts.In terms f the envirnment，it is nw pssible t create an intelligent walking huse.
Nwadays，many capable peple 3.desire t invent stuff that can make peple’s life easier，which is significant.Sme fail many times but they 4.never say never.Fr instance，many brilliant husewives make a lt f extrardinary minr inventins，which is a 5.prf that everyne can make a difference t ur life beynd ur wn expectatin.
练基础 ——单句语法填空
1．Many suggestins frm all ver the wrld have been given(give) t me s far.
2．It is reprted that the highway has been repaired(repair) since last year.
3．T my relief，the prblem has been slved(slve) up t nw.
提能力 ——微写作
根据汉语提示并运用以上语法用英语写一段话
我的朋友最近买了台新电脑，但是一个未知名的病毒攻击了这台电脑。到目前为止，还没有解决这个问题。
A new persnal cmputer has been bught by my friends but it has been attacked by an unknwn virus.S far，the prblem has nt been slved.•have a desire t d sth.迫切想做某事
have a desire fr sth.急于得到某物
•desire sth./t d sth.渴望某物/做某事
desire sb./sth.t d sth.渴望某人/某物做某事
desire that...渴望……(从句中谓语动词用“shuld＋动词原形”，shuld可省略。类似的词还有：insist，request，suggest，require，urge等。)
注意：desire作“请求，要求”讲时，与其相关的同位语从句、表语从句、宾语从句以及主语从句也常用虚拟语气，即从句的谓语部分为“(shuld＋)动词原形”。
•significantly adv.显著地；有重大意义地
•significance n．重要性，意义；意思，含义
be f great significance＝be very significant有重大意义的
have sme significance fr...对……有意义
•injury n．伤害，损伤
d sb.an injury伤害某人
•injured adj.受伤的
get injured受伤
the injured伤者
•attach 把某物连接到/附在……上
attach neself t依附……；缠着……
attach imprtance/significance/value t...重视；认为……重要/有意义/有价值
•attached adj.喜爱的；依恋的；附属于
be attached t被连接到……；爱慕；附属于
•attachment n．附件，附属物
•“find neself＋宾语补足语”通常表示“在事先毫无知觉的情况下突然发现自己处于某种状态”。宾语补足语常由介词短语、现在分词、过去分词、形容词或副词充当，一般不用不定式，但可用t be。
•find＋sb./sth.＋宾语补足语，表示“发现某人/某物……”。
•find＋it＋ adj./ n．＋(fr sb.)＋t d sth.表示“发现/认为做某事……”。
A．系，绑，贴 B．喜欢，依恋 C．缠着 D．认为有重要性
技巧一点通
现在完成时的被动语态表示到现在为止某事已经被完成或被做。其构成形式为： have/has been dne。当主语是第三人称单数时，谓语用 has been dne；当主语非第三人称单数时，谓语用 have been dne；当主语是smene，anyne，smething，anything等复合不定代词时，谓语用has been dne。