2022届高考英语一轮复习讲义学案（新教材人教版）必修第一册　Unit 5　Languages Around the World

这是一份2022届高考英语一轮复习讲义学案（新教材人教版）必修第一册　Unit 5　Languages Around the World，共13页。


教材词汇要记牢
Ⅰ.阅读单词——我会认
1．bne n．骨头；骨(质)
2．shell n．壳；壳状物
3．symbl n．符号；象征
4．carve vt.& vi.雕刻
5．dynasty n．王朝；朝代
6．dialect n．地方话；方言
7．specific adj.特定的；明确的；具体的
8．tngue n．舌头；语言
9．semester n．学期
10．pants n．[pl.](BrE)内裤；短裤；(especially NAmE)裤子
Ⅱ.重点单词——我会写
1．billin n．十亿
2．native adj.本地的 n．本地人
3．attitude n．态度；看法
4．system n．体系；制度；系统
5．despite prep.即使；尽管
6．factr n．因素；要素
7．means n．方式；方法；途径
8．classic adj.传统的；最优秀的；典型的 n．经典作品；名著
9．regard n．尊重；关注 vt.把……视为；看待
10．character n．文字；符号；角色；品质；特点
11．calligraphy n．书法；书法艺术
12．affair n．公共事务；事件；关系
13．struggle n．& vi.斗争；奋斗；搏斗
14．gas n．汽油；气体；燃气
15．petrl n．(NAmE gas)汽油
16．subway n．(BrE undergrund)地铁
17．apartment n．(especially NAmE)公寓套房
18．gap n．间隔；开口；差距
19．vcabulary n．词汇
Ⅲ.拓展单词——我会变
1．reference n．指称关系；参考→refer vi.提到；参考；查阅 vt.查询；叫……求助于
2．based adj.以(某事)为基础的→base vt.以……为基础 n．底部；根据→basis n．基础→basic adj.基础的
3．variety n．异体；多样化→vary v．变化；不同→varius adj.各种各样的
4．majr adj.主要的 n．主修课程；主修学生 vi.主修→majrity n．大多数
5．glbal adj.全球的；全世界的→glbe n．地球；地球仪
6．appreciate vt.欣赏；感激；领会→appreciatin n．感激；欣赏→appreciative adj.感激的
7．beg vt.恳求；祈求→beggar n．乞丐
8．equal n．同等的人；相等物 adj.相同的；同样的→equally adv.平等地→equality n．平等
9．demand n．要求；需求 vt.强烈要求；需要→demanding adj.要求高的
10．descriptin n．描写(文字)；形容→describe vt.描述
11．relate vt.联系；讲述→related adj.相关的→relatin n．关系→relatinship n．关系
Ⅳ.核心短语
1．refer t指的是；描述；提到；查阅
2．ups and dwns浮沉；兴衰；荣辱
3．date back (t...)追溯到
4．n matter where，wh，what，etc.不论……；不管……
5．pint f view观点；看法
6．relate t与……相关；涉及；谈到
高频词汇来助力
1．appeal v．对……有吸引力；将……上诉；呼吁
2．appetite n．食欲；嗜好
3．apprach vt.& vi.接近；靠近 n．方法
4．apprpriate adj.适当的；恰当的
5．apprve vt.批准；通过 vi.赞成
6．apprximately adv.大约
7．arbitrary adj.任意的；武断的
8．assess vt.评定；估价
Ⅵ.经典句式需悟通
1．There are many reasns why this has been pssible，but ne f the main factrs has been the Chinese writing system.
这之所以成为可能有很多原因，其中一个主要因素就是中国书法体系。
2．Over the years，the system develped int different frms，as it was a time when peple were divided gegraphically，leading t many varieties f dialects and characters.
多年来，人们按地域划分，使得书法体系发展成了不同的形式，从而导致多种方言和汉字的形成。
3．Even tday，n matter where Chinese peple live r what dialect they speak，they can all still cmmunicate in writing.
即使在今天，不论住在哪里，也不论说何种方言，中国人都仍能通过书写(文字)进行交流。
4．I used t get high marks in English，but nw I’m having a lt f truble with my listening.
过去我英语成绩很好，但现在我在听力方面有很多困难。
5．I als repeat what I hear t help myself t experience the feeling f the language.
为了帮助自己体会语言的情感，我也重复自己听到的内容。
Ⅰ.阅读单词(每小题1分，共5分)
1．symbl n．符号；象征
2．dialect n．地方话；方言
3．specific adj.特定的；明确的；具体的
4．tngue n．舌头；语言
5．semester n．学期
Ⅱ.重点单词(每小题2分，共20分)
6．native adj.本地的 n．本地人
7．attitude n．态度；看法
8．despite prep.即使；尽管
9．means n．方式；方法；途径
10．classic adj.传统的；典型的 n．经典作品；名著
11．regard n．尊重；关注 vt.把……视为；看待
12．calligraphy n．书法；书法艺术
13．struggle n．& vi.斗争；奋斗；搏斗
14．vcabulary n．词汇
15．affair n．公共事务；事件；关系
Ⅲ.拓展单词(每小题2分，共20分)
16．reference n．指称关系；参考→refer vi.提到；参考；查阅 vt.查询；叫……求助于
17．based adj.以(某事)为基础的→base vt.以……为基础→basis n．基础→basic adj.基础的
18．variety n．异体；多样化→vary v．变化；不同→varius adj.各种各样的
19．majr adj.主要的 n．主修课程；主修学生 vi.主修→majrity n．大多数
20．appreciate vt.欣赏；感激；领会→appreciatin n．感激；欣赏→appreciative adj.感激的
21．beg vt.恳求；乞讨→beggar n．乞丐→begging n．乞讨
22．equal n．同等的人；相等物 adj.相同的；同样的→equally adv.平等地→equality n．平等
23．demand n．要求；需求 vt.强烈要求；需要→demanding adj.要求高的
24．descriptin n．描写(文字)；形容→describe vt.描述
25．relate vt.联系；讲述→related adj.相关的→relatin n．关系→relatinship n．关系
Ⅳ.高频词汇(每小题1分，共5分)
26．appeal vi.对……有吸引力；将……上诉；呼吁
27．appetite n．食欲；嗜好
28．apprach vt.& vi.接近；靠近 n．方法
29．apprpriate adj.适当的；恰当的
30．apprximately adv.大约
Ⅴ.核心短语(每小题2分，共10分)
31．refer t指的是；描述；提到；查阅
32．date back (t...)追溯到
33．n matter where，wh，what，etc.不论……；不管……
34．pint f view观点；看法
35．relate t与……相关；涉及；谈到
Ⅰ.单词拼写(根据汉语提示或首字母提示写单词)(每小题2分，共16分)
1．Over the next 40 years，the wrld will be adding sme 3 billin peple if there are n extreme disasters.
2．As fr students like us，we shuld have a gd attitude twards life even if the cruel reality ruins ur dream.
3．They have sme supprting systems(系统) f these all arund the wrld frm ne base t anther.
4．A cde uses symbls(符号) t replace wrds，phrases，r sentences.
5．Williams was impressed with Benjamin and had tw classic(经典的) bks n painting delivered t him.
6．I hpe all f us can struggle tgether and survive all the sufferings.
7．Glbal warming has becme ne f the mst shcking prblems in tday’s sciety.
8．When I listen t native(本国的) English speakers talking in a vide，I can catch nly a few wrds.
Ⅱ.词形变化填空(用括号内所给词的适当形式填空)(每小题2分，共14分)
9．The majrity(majr) f the students are interested in her class，which makes her happy.
10．I wuld like t express my appreciatin(appreciate) t thse wh always give me timely help and encuragement when I’m trapped by the fld.
11．All men are brn equal，s everyne hpes t be treated equally because equality is the essential demand.(equal)
12．It was a challenging and demanding(demand) jb，but anyhw we managed t handle it with jint effrts.
13．Wuld yu like t give a detailed descriptin(describe) f the rescue in which yu saved 4 dgs?
14．I was wandering in a subway statin when I saw a beggar begging fr fd.(beg)
15．We based ur thery n the basis f practice，cnsidering sme basic factrs.(base)
Ⅲ.经典句型仿写(每小题2分，共10分)
16．我将有一个重要的会议要参加，这就是我不能和你一起去书店的原因。
I will have an imprtant meeting t attend，and this is why I can’t g t the bkstre with yu.
17．那是一段女孩没有权利去上学的时期。
It was a time when girls had n right t g t schl.
18．无论走到哪里，他总是带着手机。
Wherever/N matter where he went，he tk his cellphne with him.
19．听说你在学习汉语方面有困难，我写信给你一些建议。
Hearing that yu have truble learning Chinese，I am writing t give yu sme advice.
20．当听课的时候，你应该写下老师所说的。
When having classes，yu shuld write dwn what teachers say.
Ⅰ.课文语法填空——复习本单元Reading and Thinking部分
Written Chinese has develped alng 1.with China’s is difficult t say when exactly calligraphy 3.started(start)．Chinese writing was first dne by 4.carving(carve) symbls nt bnes and shells.Sme f the ancient symbls can still 5.be seen(see) in tday’s hanzi.These symbls had becme 6.a well-develped writing system by the Shang Dynasty when Chinese peple were divided 7.gegraphically(gegraphy)，8.leading(lead) t many 9.varieties(variety) f dialects and characters.In the Qin Dynasty，the Chinese writing system began t develp in ne directin,10.which was imprtant in uniting the Chinese peple and culture.
Ⅱ.课文选词填空——复习本单元Reading fr Writing部分
eq \x(means，demand，equal，describe，gap，vcabulary，headache)
Three students 1.described their prblems in English.Liu Wen used t get high marks in English，but he is having truble with listening because he can’t get the main idea.Jia Xin imprves her English by 2.means f listening t English prgrams and repeating what she hears.Her biggest 3.headache is hw t be plite in English.Li Rui thinks if we are 4.equals，we nly need a few wrds t bridge the when we are talking t smene wh isn’t very clse t us，we must make it a questin，nt a her,7.vcabulary is the biggest prblem.
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
refer vi.提到；参考；查阅
vt.查询；叫……求助于
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)He referred(refer) t the system that is related t the welfare f billins f peple at the cnference.
(2)The publishers reprinted and sld the bk withut reference/referring(refer) t the authr.
(3)They always refer t me as a bk wrm because I am always addicted t reading.
再提能力——完美写作·完成句子·背诵
(4)如果你遇到了不认识的字，你可以查字典或者向他人求助。(应用文之建议信)
If yu meet with the characters yu dn’t knw，yu can refer t a dictinary r turn t thers fr help.
base vt.以……为据点；以……为基础
n．底部；根据
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)Chinese characters are a writing system which is based n pictures.
(2)Based(base) n the earthquake that struck Tangshan in 1976，the mvie After Shck is extremely striking.
(3)The allwance cvers the basic(base) csts f maintaining a child.
(4)It is recmmended that we shuld cnduct physical examinatin n a regular basis(base)．
再提能力——完美写作·完成句子·背诵
(5)队员们需要每天放学之后接受训练，并且定期被提供机会去观摩乒乓球赛。
(2017·全国Ⅲ，应用文之邀请信)
Team members need t receive training after schl every day and are als ffered pprtunities t watch table tennis cmpetitins n a regular basis.
majr adj.主要的；重要的；大的
vi.主修，专门研究
n．主修课程；主修学生
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)Calligraphy is regarded as a majr part f Chinese culture since the Han Dynasty.
(应用文之传统文化)
(2)Hwever，the majrity(majr) f peple are effective speakers because they train t be.
(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ)
再提能力——完美写作·完成句子·背诵
(3)有些人中途放弃了，但是大部分参赛者都成功跑到了终点。(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ，写作)
Sme peple gave up halfway，but the majrity f the participants made it t the finishing line.
means n.方法；方式；途径
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)Ancient peple recrded what had happened by means f carving varieties f symbls with specific meanings nt shells r bnes.
(2)Watching films was regarded as a gd means(mean) f entertainment when we were yung.
再提能力——完美写作·完成句子·背诵
(3)无论情况多么糟糕，你绝不应放弃。(应用文之建议信)
N matter hw terrible the situatin is，by n means shuld yu give up.
appreciate vt.欣赏；重视；感激；领会
vi.增值
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)Frm my pint f view，we shuld learn t appreciate(appreciate) life and hld a psitive attitude despite the ups and dwns.
(2)I really appreciate yur calling(call) back at yur earliest cnvenience.
(3)I wuld appreciate it if yu culd recmmend us sme nvels which are apprpriate fr us.
(应用文之求助信)
再提能力——完美写作·完成句子·背诵
(4)我写信来表达一下我对你的感激之情，感谢你在我的英国之行所做的一切。
(应用文之感谢信)
I’m writing t express my appreciatin fr what yu did fr me during my stay in Lndn.
equal adj.相等的；平等的；相当的；能胜任的
n．同等的人；相等物
v．与……相等，等于；比得上
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)I’m nt sure whether he is equal t the task，but I still chse t believe him.
(2)In my heart，Michael Jrdan is withut equal in playing basketball.
(3)Men and wmen must be treated equally(equal) in educatin and emplyment.
再提能力——完美写作·一句多译·背诵
(4)注意个人卫生同样重要。
①Equally imprtant is that we shuld pay attentin t persnal hygiene.
②Paying attentin t persnal hygiene is f equal imprtance.
demand n．需求；要求
vt.强烈要求；需要
vi.查问
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)The teacher demanded that we (shuld) struggle(struggle) t achieve ur gals.
(2)Science graduates are in greater demand than liberal arts nes in China.
(3)Thse wh had held mentally stimulating(刺激)，demanding(demand) jbs befre retirement tended t d the best n the tests.(2020·浙江)
(4)T the father’s annyance，he fund it hard t meet his sn’s demands(demand)．
再提能力——完美写作·完成句子·背诵
(5)因为这是一项要求比较高的任务，所以经理要求我们加班来满足顾客们的需求。
Because it was a demanding task，the manager demanded that we (shuld) wrk extra hurs t meet custmers’demands.
date back t＝date frm始于……；追溯到……后接时间点
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)Calligraphy is an art frm dating(date) back t the Han Dynasty.
(2)On tp f the muntain stands an ancient temple which dates(date) back t the Tang Dynasty.
再提能力——完美写作·完成句子·背诵
(3)我向你强烈推荐的旅游景点是始于公元前478年的孔庙。(应用文之推荐信)
①The turist attractin I strngly recmmend t yu is Cnfucius Temple which dates back t 478 BC.(定语从句)
②The turist attractin I strngly recmmend t yu is Cnfucius Temple dating back t 478 BC.(现在分词作定语)
be f＋抽象名词
That writing system was f great imprtance in uniting the Chinese peple and culture.
这种书法体系在凝聚中华民族和中华文化方面具有重要意义。
能力提升——完美写作·完成句子·背诵
(1)2015年屠呦呦获得的诺贝尔奖对中国的医学很重要。
The Nbel Prize that Tu Yuyu gt in 2015 is f great imprtance t Chinese medicine.
(2)你给我们的建议证明很有价值。没有它我们不可能实现我们的梦想。
The advice yu gave us prved t be f great value，withut which we culdn’t have achieved ur dream.
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上单元词汇
Ⅰ.熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
1．Please give my regards t yur parents.问候
2．Our cars are the equals f thse prduced anywhere in the wrld.相等物
Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识
1．The discvery f the new drug is f imprtance(imprtant) t peple wh suffer frm heart truble.
2．Human life is regarded(regard) as part f nature and the nly way fr us t survive is t live in harmny with nature.
3．The tsunami referred(refer) t in the reprt swept away abut 2,000 peple，shcking the rest f the cuntry.
4．The nvel was based n an earthquake which struck Wenchuan in 2008.
5．The twer dating(date) back t the Ming Dynasty was seriusly destryed in the fld.
6．Human beings have suffered a lt n accunt f varieties(variety) f disasters.
7．They survived in the fire by means f breathing thrugh a wet twel.
8．Time is regarded as the mst imprtant factr in an emergency.
9．I wuld appreciate it if yu culd supply us with timely help.
10. Wisdm and effrts are equally(equal) imprtant fr success.
Ⅲ.写作增分练——提升语用能力
(应用文之回复求助信)
1．得知你数学不好，甚至想要放弃它，我对你很担心。(have truble with sth.)
Knwing that yu are having truble with yur maths and want t give it up，I’m cncerned abut yu.
2．这就是我要给你写这封信的原因。(this is why...)
This is why I’m writing this letter t yu.
3．实际上，几乎每个学生都会经历一段他厌倦某一科目的时期。(a time when...)
Actually，almst every student will experience a time when he is tired f sme subject.
4．我建议你应该向你的老师寻求建议，老师将会尽他所能来帮助你的。(what引导的名词性从句)
I suggest that yu shuld ask the teacher fr advice and the teacher will d what he can t help yu.
5．要牢记，不论你遇到什么困难，都要持积极态度。我相信你会度过这段艰难的时光的。(n matter what...)
Keep in mind that n matter what difficulties yu meet，just take a psitive attitude.I am sure yu can survive the hard time.
请先从表格中选用本单元所学词汇完成下列短文，然后核对答案并背诵该短文。(文中加波浪线的句子为本单元的语法项目：定语从句)
eq \x(despite，refer，specific，demand，relate，appreciate，variety，date)
When 1.referring t English，we knw English is widely used in glbal affairs.N matter what kind f English peple are speaking，native speakers have n truble understanding the wrds like “gas”，“petrl”，“subway”，“apartment”，“pants” and ther wrds 2.despite the small differences in vcabulary.But students whse mther tngue is nt English are struggling with billins f wrds.On the ther hand，frm freigners’ pint f view，Chinese is regarded as a 3.demanding language.Firstly，the majr language which is called Pu Tng Hua in China is hard enugh t learn，let alne 4.varieties f dialects.Secndly，Chinese characters are abstract symbls fr them.The writing system,5.dating back t the Shang Dynasty when peple carved smething with 6.specific meanings n bnes r shells，is like strange pictures. Hwever，based n the cmmn 7.appreciatin f these characters，sme classic wrks are still read nw.Besides，calligraphy is als an art frm clsely 8.related t Chinese culture.Bth languages are f equal imprtance.We shuld learn them well t bridge the gap between cultures.
练基础——将下面句子合并成定语从句
1．This is the schl.In the schl he met his first lve.
This is the schl in which/where he met his first lve.
2．He still remembers the day.On that day a girl wearing a white dress became his deskmate.
He still remembers the day n which/when a girl wearing a white dress became his deskmate.
3．He didn’t knw the reasn.Fr what reasn did she chse him as her deskmate?
He didn’t knw the reasn fr which/why she chse him as her deskmate.
提能力——微写作
根据汉语提示并运用以上语法用英语写一段话
我仍然记得那个巷子，在那里我从自行车上摔下来腿受了伤。那是一大早，当时天还没亮。一个正在扫大街的老人送我去了最近的医院。我提出要还他钱，但是他拒绝了。我妈妈说他这么做的原因是他是我的天使。
I still remember the alley where I fell ff my bike and hurt my leg.That was early in the mrning when it was still dark.An ld man wh was sweeping the street sent me t the nearest hspital.I ffered t pay him back but he refused.My mther said the reasn why he did s was that he was my angel.•refer t指的是；描述；提到；查阅
把……提交给……；让(人)参考……
refer 把……称作……
•reference n．提及，涉及；参考；参考书目
in/with reference t sb./sth.关于
reference bks/material参考书/参考资料
•把……建立在……的基础上
be based n/upn...以……为基础
•basic adj.基本的；基础的
•basis n．基础
n a daily/regular basis 每天/定期
•majr in主修……
•an English majr英语专业的学生
•majrity n．大部分；大多数
a/the majrity f大多数
in a/the majrity占大多数
a means f一种……的方法means 单复数同形
by all means可以；当然行；没问题
by means f借助……手段；依靠……方法
by n means绝不，无论如何也不，一点都不置于句首时，句子要部分倒装
•appreciate (ne’s) ding sth.喜欢/感激(某人)做某事
I wuld appreciate it if...如果……我将不胜感激。
•appreciatin n．欣赏；感激
•be equal t sth./ding sth.等于/胜任(做)某事
•equal sb./sth.in (ding) sth.在(做)某事上比得过、敌得过某人/物
•be withut equal＝have n equal无与伦比
•equality n．平等；相等
•equally adv.相等地；同等地；公平地；同样地
•demand t d sth.要求做某事
demand that...要求……(从句中的谓语动词用“shuld＋动词原形”，shuld可省略)
•be in (great) demand(迫切)需求
meet/satisfy ne’s demand(s)满足某人的需求
•demanding adj.要求高的
date back(＝g back)追溯；上溯(后接时间段)
注意：date back (t)一般只用现在时态，没有被动语态。
“be f＋抽象名词”相当于“be＋形容词”，这一结构可以说明主语的性质。常见的抽象名词有imprtance，value，use，help，benefit，significance等，这些名词可用great，little，sme，any，n，nt，much等修饰，用以说明程度。
技巧一点通
•关系副词主要有when，where和why。when引导的定语从句的先行词是表示时间的名词，where引导的定语从句的先行词是表示地点的名词，why引导的定语从句的先行词是reasn。
•关系副词在定语从句中作状语。有时可以用“介词＋which”替代。