2021届山西省孝义市高三下学期英语第九次模拟考试卷及答案

这是一份2021届山西省孝义市高三下学期英语第九次模拟考试卷及答案，共16页。试卷主要包含了阅读选择，任务型阅读，完形填空，用单词的适当形式完成短文，短文改错，提纲类作文等内容，欢迎下载使用。
1.阅读理解
Fur Interesting Science Museums
Plytechnic Museum, Russia
Fr many guests f the capital, sme f the mst vivid childhd memries are assciated with this museum. A variety f technical fields are presented in 65 halls-Mining, Space, Energy, and Transprtatin, etc. And the expsitin (博览会) is the nly museum prject in Russia abut the histry f the bike. The interactive divisin "Technplay" is pen, where yu nt nly can but als need tuch mst f the exhibits with yur hands. In additin t self-experimentatin, fr persnal requests the museum's experts will shw many entertaining experiments.
Eureka, England
The Eureka educatinal center is a huge cmplex where mdern science and technlgy are becming clear, even t kids. The main exhibitin is devted t the human bdy, the laws f physics and natural things. Visitrs can btain energy r create paper with their wn hands. On the area f the Eureka educatinal park there is a btanical garden and a cllectin f minerals frm the rck types f Finland is presented there.
Deutsches Museum, Germany
In this museum yu can see mre than 100 thusand different items frm windmills (风车) t medical equipment. All aspects f industrial prductin appear befre the eyes. Several museum rms are arranged especially fr children-there are exhibits that entertain kids starting frm three.
NEMO, the Netherlands
The largest Dutch research centre stands ready t share its secrets with everyne. This immersin (沉浸) in the wrld f science and technlgy will nt be dull. All significant infrmatin is presented in the frm f exciting games. All exhibits are interactive; visitrs are allwed t tuch, pull and press n anything. The museum is fr children frm 6 t 16, as well as fr their parents-it will be interesting t all.
〔1〕What can visitrs d at Plytechnic Museum?
A.Learn hw the bike develped.
B.Tuch all f the exhibits.
C.Watch entertaining mvies.
D.Shw entertaining experiments.
〔2〕Where shuld visitrs g if they are interested in plants?
A.Plytechnic Museum.
B.Eureka.
C.Deutsches Museum.
D.NEMO.
〔3〕What makes NEMO unique?
A.It is specially designed fr children.
B.It is the largest museum in the wrld.
C.It shws infrmatin f exhibits in games.
D.Sme exhibits can be tuched r pressed.
2.阅读理解
After university in 2021, Samuel went t a rural primary schl fr native children, where, n his first day, anther teacher tld him, "Samuel, yu dn't have t d much, they're just Orang Asli-native children." This was what Samuel wuld spend years fighting against.
The Orang Asli cmmunity has struggled with pverty, melting int sciety, and lsing their wn identity and culture due t thers' disregard f it. Samuel saw that the main barrier in teaching these children was the attitude n the part f many teachers that the native children were nt wrth their effrts. It was thught that whatever was taught wuld make n difference, s nbdy bthered t try. The children themselves ended up believing these stigmas (污名), ften dubting what they can achieve. Teachers skipped r slept in classes, and little effrt was made t create an apprpriate learning envirnment. Cnsequently, the schl was ne f the wrst-perfrming in the district.
Samuel bnded with his native students and accepted their culture, leading him t see their ptential. Hwever, he als came t see that they did nt have equal pprtunities cmpared t urban schls, due t the lack f facilities. S he set up a crwdfunding prject t create a fully equipped 21st-century English classrm with tablets and cmputers. The Orang Asli children nw learn technlgy, experience English and cmmunicate in English with vlunteers all ver Malaysia and verseas.
Cnsequently, the students have imprved in natinal standardized examinatins, frm a pass rate f 30% in English (2021-2021) t an average f 80% (2021-2021). These effrts have resulted in a shift f what lcal children are cnsidered capable f academically.
〔1〕What did the teacher's wrds suggest abut the native children?
A.They were intelligent.
B.They were hpeless.
C.They were unfriendly.
D.They were independent.
〔2〕What majr prblem did Samuel need t slve?
A.The pverty f lcal peple.
B.The lack f facilities in his schl.
C.The prejudice against the native kids.
D.The unsuitable teaching methds.
〔3〕What is paragraph 3 mainly abut?
A.The change f native students.
B.The imprtance f learning English.
C.The imprvement f native educatin.
D.Samuel's wrk fr the native kids.
〔4〕What can we learn frm Samuel's stry?
A.Respect makes a big difference.
B.The academic perfrmance cmes first.
C.Everyne deserves access t educatin.
D.One methd can't apply t each situatin.
3.阅读理解
A shcking 53.6 millin tns f electrnic waste were discarded (丢弃) last year, a new UN-backed reprt has revealed. The reprt shws that e-waste is up 21%frm five years ag. This isn't surprising, cnsidering hw many mre peple are adpting new technlgy and updating devices regularly t have the latest versins, but the reprt als shws that natinal cllectin and recycling strategies are nwhere clse t matching cnsumptin rates.
E-waste cntains materials including cpper (铜), irn, gld and silver, which the reprt gives a cnservative value f $ 57 billin. But mst are thrwn away r burned rather than being cllected fr recycling. Precius metals in waste are estimated t be wrth $ 14 billin, but nly $4 billin-wrth is recvered at the mment.
While the number f cuntries with natinal e-waste plicies has grwn frm 61 t 78 since 2021, there is little encuragement t bey and a mere 17% f cllected items are recycled. If recycling des ccur, it's ften under dangerus cnditins, such as burning circuit bards t recver cpper, which "releases highly pisnus metals" and harms the health f wrkers.
The reprt fund that Asia has the highest amunts f waste verall, prducing 24.9 millin metric tns (MMT), fllwed by Eurpe at 12 MMT, Africa at 2.9 MMT, and Oceania at 0.7 MMT.
But whse respnsibility is it? Are gvernments in charge f setting up cllectin and recycling pints, r shuld cmpanies be respnsible fr recycling the gds they prduce? It ges bth ways. Cmpanies d need t be held accuntable by gvernment regulatins and have incentives t design prducts that are easily repaired. At the same time, gvernments need t make it easy fr citizens t access cllectin pints and deal with their brken electrnics in a cnvenient way. Otherwise, they may turn t the easiest ptin-the landfill.
〔1〕What can we learn frm the first paragraph?
A.What e-waste refers t.
B.Where e-waste is cllected.
C.Why e-waste is increasing rapidly.
D.Hw many kinds e-waste includes.
〔2〕What d the statistics in paragraph 2 shw?
A.The functins f plicies.
B.The great damage t envirnment.
C.The change f cnsumptin rates.
D.The urgency f recvering e-waste.
〔3〕What is the prblem with recycling e-waste at present?
A.It des harm t the wrkers' health.
B.It lacks natinal plicy supprt.
C.It hardly makes prfits.
D.It takes t much time.
〔4〕Hw shuld the prblem be slved accrding t the passage?
A.New technlgy shuld be used t update ld devices.
B.Gvernments and cmpanies shuld take respnsibilities.
C.Nn-pisnus metals had better be used in e-device.
D.Citizens must play a key rle in recycling e-waste.
4.阅读理解
Sme termite (白蚁) species have figured ut hw t enjy the shelter f the huge cmplex nests that the insects build withut cntributing t their cnstructin. They avid the full anger f their builder hsts by being extremely easy-ging.
Animals that live in the nests f anther species withut affecting them are knwn as inquilines. Inquiline termites are unique amng termites in being unable t make their wn nests. Instead, they live in the hallways built by anther termite, Cnstricttermes cyphergaster. Until nw, it has been unclear hw the tw parties kept peaceful in such tight quarters because termites are typically very aggressive twards utsiders.
Helder Hug at the University f Knstanz in Germany and his clleagues cllected Cnstricttermes cyphergaster's nests in the Brazilian Cerrad and brught them int the labratry. They then placed hst and tenant (房客) termites in either pen r narrw areas and used vide t track and recrd the ways in which the tw species reacted t each ther.
Right frm the start, the inquiline' termites mved arund less than their hsts and interacted little with them, even in the much narrwer area. "Many times," says Hug, "when tw unrelated grups are put tgether in a limited space—such as an experimental area—the utcme is cnflict with lsses frm bth sides." But that didn't happen here. Despite attacks frm hst termites, the tenant termites were bedient. Hsts wuld bite r attack the inquilines with strng chemicals, but their targets never respnded in the same way, chsing t flee. Sme ignred the hsts cmpletely.
"We did nt expect that they wuld never fight back," says Hug, nting that the inquilines are capable f prtecting their wn place with muths. "By preventing cnflict ging wrse, inquiline termites may cnsiderably imprve their chances f living tgether with their hst termites peacefully."
"Passiveness des nt necessarily lead t defeat, but can be a very useful strategy, saving energy and resurces," she adds. "Nature may nt always be red in tth and claw, and aggressin is nt any mre successful a strategy than 'cwardice' (儒弱)."
〔1〕What is the feature f the inquiline termites?
A.They live in anther termite species' nests.
B.They are aggressive twards utsiders.
C.They like t build their wn nests.
D.They are cmmunicative tenants.
〔2〕What d yu learn abut the experiment in paragraph 3?
A.The differences between the tw species.
B.The findings f the bservatin.
C.The living habits f termites.
D.The prcess f the research.
〔3〕What des Hug think f the inquiline termites' living strategy?
A.Aggressive.
B.Unacceptable.
C.Effective.
D.Dangerus.
〔4〕What's the best title fr the text?
A.The Characteristics f Termites
B.Passiveness Desn't Necessarily Lead t Defeat
C.The Relatinship Between Hst and Tenant Termites
D.Termites Use Cwardice t Avid Their Hsts' Anger
二、任务型阅读
5.任务型阅读
Camping is a great way t spend family time. It prvides great pprtunities fr kids t explre new places and try new activities. Even a campsite near hme can pen up a new wrld f excitement. ________ If yu are lking frward t yur camping trip this summer, but are wrried abut keeping yur parents entertained, here are a few easy suggestins.
________ If yu are camping in a muntainus area, try muntain biking. Encurage yur parents t bring their bikes alng n yur camping trip. Flying alng tgether thrugh the bike trails near yur campsite will be an exciting experience fr yu and yur parents alike. Remember t bring alng yur helmet, s yur parents dn't have t wrry abut yur safety and make sure they bring theirs as well.
G caneing (独木舟) r fishing with yur parents. Encurage yur parents t rent a cane. Yu can paddle (划) dwnstream if yu are camping n a river, r yu can mve acrss the lake frm ne shre t anther. If yur parents like t fish and yur camping trip is during the fishing seasn, bring alng yur fishing equipment. Yu can g ut in the cane in the early mrning t experience the best fish. ________
Bring alng craft supplies. When yu g camping with yur family, bring alng sme basic craft supplies, like paper, glue and scissrs. ________ With these treasures yu can create craft prjects t remember yur camping trip. If yu are near the cean yu culd cllect shells with yur parents and make a seashell mbile.
Practice yur nature identificatin. If yu and yur parents share an interest in nature, find a gd insect, bird, plant, animal r tree identificatin bk. ________Cllect different species f leaves and try t identify them with yur family.
A. Take gd security measures.
B. Try a new utdr sprt tgether.
C. Then later in the day yu can ck yur fish ver the campfire.
D. Autumn camping is becming mre ppular with family campers.
E. While explring nature, pick up anything interesting yu might find.
F. Try t recgnize the different species that yu cme acrss with yur family.
G. At times it is hard fr yu t share these new wrlds with yur family, thugh.
三、完形填空
6.完形填空
On Nv. 29, 2021, my little sister Lily was brn. The whle family welcmed her arrival with 1 and pen arms. We were thrilled t have a new additin t ur family.
As she grew, her 2 became apparent. We 3 she wuld appear distant at times and was unable t 4 with thers. The smallest things wuld keep her entertained fr lng perids, and she wuld 5 the same rutine happily thrughut the day. At the age f three, Lily was taken t the hspital by my parents. We were tld that she was a child with autism, and she wuld have 6 in cmmunicating and frming relatinships with thers.
My family were 7 t learn that ur lved ne wuld prbably be unable t live a 8 life. Unaware f what exactly this wuld bring, we made a decisin t cnsider autism a 9 . And what a blessing it turned ut t be! The diagnsis brught ur family 10 , and we realized a deeper 11 fr ne anther.
Raising a child with a develpmental disability is a(n) 12 prcess. Mistakes are 13 . Hwever, thrugh it all, ur family is always there watching ver her, 14 that she is in a cmfrtable and safe envirnment at all times. And Lily knws that she has a lving and supprtive family wh can be 15 and her biggest cheerleaders when 16 is achieved.
Fr thse nrmal peple perhaps my experience might make yu mre 17 what is really imprtant in life. As fr me, autism has 18 been a blessing f strength, curage and hpe. It shuld nt be 19 as a burden, but rather as a blessing t the families frtunate enugh t 20 a different lifestyle.
四、用单词的适当形式完成短文
7.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Of all the events in the universe, slar eclipses may lead t the ________(great) change in animal behavir.________(puzzle) animals that are active during the day head back t their night places while night animals think they've verslept.
When the sun, mn and the earth are ________ a straight line, there will be an eclipse, s that the mn cmpletely ________(blck) the sun. Arund the wrld, when a slar eclipse ccurs, unusual phenmena in animals are ften reprted.
Sme spiders start breaking ________(they) nets during the eclipse, just as they usually d at the end f the day. Once the slar eclipse has passed, they will start t rebuild them. ________ (similar), fish and birds, ________ are active during the day, g t their night resting places while bats cme ut. They seem t be tricked by ________ sudden darkness.
Once it ________(bserve) that hipps in Zimbabwe left their rivers during an eclipse, and headed twards their night ________(feed) places n dry land. In the middle f their jurney, the slar eclipse passed, daylight returned, and the hipps gave up their effrts.
五、短文改错
8.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号〔∧〕，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线〔\〕划掉，修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1〕每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2〕只允许修改10处，多者〔从第11处起〕不计分。
Last Saturday, I tk part in an English speech cmpetitin hld by ur schl. I was really excited abut it. When it was my turn, I walked nt the stage. I felt nervusly and frightened with such large a crwd lking at me! I was abut t give up as I saw my family members seated there. I regained belief in me at nce. I was annunced as ne f the secnd-prize winner and all my family take great pride in me fr my success.
I am glad t have participated in cntest. I learnt a lt f frm this experience. I imprved my English speaking skills. I als learnt what t face peple bravely and cnfidently.
六、提纲类作文
9.你校英文报Sprts and Health专栏正在征稿，邀请你推荐一项适合中学生的健身工程，要点包括：
1〕工程名称；
2〕推荐理由。
注意：
1〕词数100左右；
2〕可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
答案解析局部
一、阅读选择
1.【解析】【分析】本文这是一篇应用文，介绍了四家有趣的科学博物馆。
〔1〕考查细节理解。根据Plytechnic Museum, Russia局部中的“And the expsitin is the nly museum prject in Russia abut the histry f the bike.〞可知，而此次博览会是俄罗斯唯一一个关于自行车历史的博物馆工程。在Plytechnic Museum这家博物馆，游客可以了解自行车的开展历史，应选A。
〔2〕考查细节理解。根据Eureka，England局部中的“On the area f the Eureka educatinal park there is a btanical garden〞可知，尤里卡教育公园有一个植物园。由此可知，如果游客对植物感兴趣，他们应该去Eureka，应选B。
〔3〕考查细节理解。根据NEMO，the Netherlands局部中的“All significant infrmatin is presented in the frm f exciting games.〞可知，所有重要信息都以冲动人心的游戏形式呈现。所以使NEMO独特的是这家博物馆给孩子提供寓教于乐的参观方式，应选C。
【点评】此题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。
2.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了Samuel尊重原居民学生，通过自己的努力改变他们的学习环境，使他们的学业发生了很大的变化。
〔1〕考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“yu dn't have t d much, they're just Orang Asli-native children.〞你不用做太多，他们只是原居民的孩子；以及第二段中的“the native children were nt wrth their effrts. It was thught that whatever was taught wuld make n difference,〞当地的孩子不值得他们的努力。人们认为无论教什么都不会有区别。可推知，这些原居民学生被认为是没有希望的。应选B。
〔2〕考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Samuel saw that the main barrier in teaching these children was the attitude n the part f many teachers that the native children were nt wrth their effrts.〞塞缪尔发现教育这些孩子的主要障碍是许多教师的态度，认为原居民的孩子不值得他们的努力。他们认为无论教什么都不会有区别，可知，对这些原居民孩子的偏见是Samuel要解决的主要问题。应选C。
〔3〕考查段落大意。根据第三段中的“Samuel bnded with his native students and accepted their culture, …S he set up a crwd funding prject t create a fully equipped 21st-century English classrm with tablets and cmputers.〞Samuel与他的外乡学生建立了联系，接受了他们的文化……他发起了一个众筹工程，希望建立一个配备电脑、设备齐全的21世纪英语教室，可知，该段是介绍Samuel为改善学生学习状态和学习环境所做的工作。应选D。
〔4〕考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“the main barrier … was the attitude n the part f many teachers that the native children were nt wrth their effrts.〞可知，老师对外乡学生有偏见，认为教他们不值得努力；第二段中的词语“disregard(漠视，不尊重)〞，“stigmas(污名)〞可知，这些孩子受到歧视，没有得到尊重；第三段提到Samuel为改变这些学生的学习环境所做的努力；第四段中的“These effrts have resulted in a shift f what lcal children are cnsidered capable f academically.〞可知，Samuel的努力导致了外乡儿童在学习能力方面的转变。Samuel对外乡孩子的尊重，为他们做出的努力，使他们的学业有了很大的变化。由此推知，从Samuel的故事中，我们可以学习到尊重能带来巨大的变化。应选A。
【点评】此题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和段落大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的根底上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
3.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了电子垃圾的回收问题。
〔1〕考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“This isn't surprising, cnsidering hw many mre peple are adpting new technlgy and updating devices regularly t have the latest versins, but the reprt als shws that natinal cllectin and recycling strategies are nwhere clse t matching cnsumptin rates.〞这并不奇怪，考虑到有多少人正在采用新技术和定期更新设备以获得最新版本，但报告还显示，国家收集和回收战略远远不能到达与消费率相匹配的水平。可知，越来越多的人使用电子产品，且电子产品的回收策略与消费速率不匹配，这就导致了电子垃圾的数量飞速增长。应选C。
〔2〕考查推理判断。根据第二段“E-waste cntains materials including cpper〔铜〕, irn, gld and silver, which the reprt gives a cnservative value f $ 57 billin. But mst are thrwn away r burned rather than being cllected fr recycling. Precius metals in waste are estimated t be wrth $ 14 billin, but nly $4 billin-wrth is recvered at the mment.〞电子垃圾含有铜、铁、金和银等物质，报告给出的保守价值为570亿美元。但是大多数都被扔掉或者烧掉了，而不是被收集起来再循环利用。废物中的贵金属估计价值140亿美元，但目前只回收了价值40亿美元的贵金属。通过数字比照可知，目前电子垃圾中有用材料的回收利用率还很低，浪费严重。所以第2段的统计数字显示了回收电子垃圾的紧迫性，应选D。
〔3〕考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“ If recycling des ccur, it's ften under dangerus cnditins, such as burning circuit bards t recver cpper, which "releases highly pisnus metals" and harms the health f wrkers.〞如果循环利用真的发生了，这个过程通常是在危险的条件下进行的，比方燃烧电路板回收铜，这会释放出剧毒金属，危害工人的健康。可知，在电子产品的回收过程中会产生有害物质危害工人的健康。选项A与文意一致，应选A。
〔4〕考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“Are gvernments in charge f setting up cllectin and recycling pints, r shuld cmpanies be respnsible fr recycling the gds they prduce? It ges bth ways.〞是政府负责设立回收点，还是公司负责回收他们生产的产品？两种方法都要用。可知，政府和公司都应该承当责任，应选B。
【点评】此题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇环保类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
4.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了寄居白蚁自己不筑巢，而是寄居在别的白蚁的巢穴中，这些白蚁用示弱来躲避巢穴主人的愤怒。
〔1〕考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Inquiline termites are unique amng termites in being unable t make their wn nests. Instead, they live in the hallways built by anther termite, Cnstricttermes cyphergaster.〞在白蚁中，寄居白蚁是独特的，它们不能够自己筑巢。相反，它们生活在另一种白蚁Cnstricttermes cyphergaster建造的巢穴里。可知，寄居白蚁是独特的，它们不能够自己筑巢，而是生活在另一种白蚁建造的巢穴中，寄居白蚁的特征是它们生活在另一种白蚁的巢穴里。应选A。
〔2〕考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Helder Hug at the University f Knstanz in Germany and his clleagues cllected Cnstricttermes cyphergaster's nests in the Brazilian Cerrad and brught them int the labratry. They then placed hst and tenant (房客) termites in either pen r narrw areas and used vide t track and recrd the ways in which the tw species reacted t each ther.〞德国康斯坦茨大学的赫尔德·雨果和他的同事们在巴西塞拉多收集了Cnstricttermes cyphergaster的巢穴，并把它们带进了实验室。然后，他们将主人和房客白蚁放置在开阔或狭窄的区域，并用视频追踪和记录这两种白蚁相互反响的方式。可知，本段主要介绍的是研究的过程，首先把收集到的巢穴带进实验室，然后将主人和房客白蚁放置在开阔或狭窄的区域，并用视频追踪和记录这两种白蚁相互反响的方式。因此，在第三段中我们了解到了实验研究的过程。应选D。
〔3〕考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“Despite attacks frm hst termites, the tenant termites were bedient. Hsts wuld bite r attack the inquilines with strng chemicals, but their targets never respnded in the same way, chsing t flee. Sme ignred the hsts cmpletely.〞尽管受到主人白蚁的攻击，房客白蚁还是听话的。主人会用强烈的化学物质叮咬或攻击寄生白蚁，但它们的目标从来没有做出同样的反响，而是选择逃跑。有些完全无视了主人。可知，面对主人的攻击，寄生白蚁选择逃跑；再根据最后一段中的“‘Passiveness des nt necessarily lead t defeat, but can be a very useful strategy, saving energy and resurces,’ she adds. ‘Nature may nt always be red in tth and claw, and aggressin is nt any mre successful a strategy than ‘cwardice' (儒弱).〞〞“被动不一定会导致失败，但可以是一个非常有用的战略，节省能源和资源，〞她补充说。“大自然未必总是红的牙齿和爪子，侵略也不是比‘懦弱'更成功的策略。〞可知，在雨果看来，寄生白蚁逃跑的被动反响是一个非常有用的战略。可推知，雨果认为寄生白蚁的生存策略是有效的。应选C。
〔4〕考查主旨大意。根据第二段中的“Inquiline termites are unique amng termites in being unable t make their wn nests. Instead, they live in the hallways built by anther termite, Cnstricttermes cyphergaster.〞在白蚁中，寄居白蚁是独特的，它们不能够自己筑巢。相反，它们生活在另一种白蚁Cnstricttermes cyphergaster建造的走廊里；以及第四段中的“Despite attacks frm hst termites, the tenant termites were bedient. Hsts wuld bite r attack the inquilines with strng chemicals, but their targets never respnded in the same way, chsing t flee. Sme ignred the hsts cmpletely.〞尽管受到主人白蚁的攻击，房客白蚁还是听话的。主人会用强烈的化学物质叮咬或攻击寄生白蚁，但它们的目标从来没有做出同样的反响，而是选择逃跑。有些完全无视了主人。可知，文章主要讲述了寄居白蚁独特的生存方式，他们不能够自己筑巢，而是生活在另一种白蚁建造的巢穴中，并且利用自己的“懦弱〞来防止和巢穴主人发生冲突，以实现居住的目的。“Termites Use Cwardice t Avid Their Hsts' Anger〞意为“白蚁用怯懦来躲避主人的愤怒〞，为短文最正确标题。应选D。
【点评】此题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的根底上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
二、任务型阅读
5.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了与家人露营时可以一起娱乐的几种做法。
〔1〕根据空前“Even a campsite near hme can pen up a new wrld f excitement.〞即使是在家附近的露营地，也能开启一个新的令人兴奋的世界；及空后“ If yu are lking frward t yur camping trip this summer, but are wrried abut keeping yur parents entertained, here are a few easy suggestins.〞如果你期待这个夏天的露营旅行，但又担忧让你的父母开心，这里有一些简单的建议。可知，设空处描述的为找到这样的露营地后，很难和家人进行快乐分享。G. At times it is hard fr yu t share these new wrlds with yur family, thugh.“有时候，你很难和家人分享这些新世界。〞选项中share these new wrlds与前文的a new wrld f excitement相照应，符合语境。应选G。
〔2〕根据空后“If yu are camping in a muntainus area, try muntain biking.〞如果你在山区露营，试试山地自行车。此处提到了在山区露营时，可以尝试山地自行车运动，讲了在野外露营的时候可以尝试新的户外运动。所以段首的主题句应该是和尝试新的方式露营。B.Try a new utdr sprt tgether.“一起尝试一项新的户外运动。〞与下文内容一致，应选B。
〔3〕根据空前“ If yur parents like t fish and yur camping trip is during the fishing seasn, bring alng yur fishing equipment. Yu can g ut in the cane in the early mrning t experience the best fish.〞如果你的父母喜欢钓鱼，而你的露营正好是在钓鱼季节，带上你的钓鱼装备。你可以在清晨乘独木舟出海，体验最好的钓鱼时刻。讲到可以在清晨乘独木舟出去钓鱼，C.“Then later in the day yu can ck yur fish ver the campfire.“然后在一天的晚些时候，你可以在篝火上烤鱼。〞符合语境。应选C。
〔4〕根据空前“When yu g camping with yur family, bring alng sme basic craft supplies, like paper, glue and scissrs.〞当你和家人去野营的时候，带上一些根本的手工用品，比方纸，胶水和剪刀。要带着手工用品；及空后“With these treasures yu can create craft prjects t remember yur camping trip.〞有了这些宝贝，你可以创作手工艺品，来纪念你的露营之旅。可知，设空处其承上启下的作用，E. While explring nature, pick up anything interesting yu might find.“在探索大自然的时候，找到任何你可能发现的有趣的东西。〞符合语境。应选E。
〔5〕根据空前“If yu and yur parents share an interest in nature, find a gd insect, bird, plant, animal r tree identificatin bk.〞如果你和你的父母对大自然有共同的兴趣，找一本好的昆虫、鸟类、植物、动物或树木的识别本。可知，接下来可说明带上这样的书的作用。F.Try t recgnize the different species that yu cme acrss with yur family.“尝试着认出你和你的家人遇到的不同物种。〞说明了这本书可以帮助认识不同物种，符合语境。应选F。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇旅游类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的根底上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
三、完形填空
6.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了家人抚养患有自闭症的妹妹的故事以及从中感悟出的道理。〔1〕句意：全家人兴奋地张开双臂欢送她的到来。A. excitement“冲动〞；B. cautin“谨慎〞；C. surprise“惊喜〞；D. patience“耐心〞。根据下文“We were thrilled t have a new additin t ur family.〞及常识可知，妹妹出生，全家人都很冲动。应选A。
〔2〕句意：随着她的成长，她的独特之处越来越明显。A. messiness“混乱〞；B. carelessness“粗心〞；C. kindness“善良〞；D. uniqueness“独特性〞。根据下文“she wuld appear distant at times and was unable t〞可知，Lily有时显得冷漠，无法与别人交流，身上的特性越来越明显。应选D。
〔3〕句意：我们注意到她有时显得很冷漠，无法与别人交流。A. reprted“报告〞；B. predicted“预测〞；C. nticed“注意到〞；D. prved“证明〞。根据下文“she wuld appear distant at times and was unable t〞可知，Lily的家人注意到了她的一些特别的地方。应选C。
〔4〕句意：我们注意到她有时显得很冷漠，无法与别人交流。A. fight“奋斗〞；B. cmmunicate“交流〞；C. bargain“交易〞；D. debate“辩论〞。照应下文“in cmmunicating and frming relatinships with thers.〞Lily和别人交流有困难。应选B。
〔5〕句意：即使是最微小的事情也能让她开心很久，而且她会一整天都愉快地重复同样的事情。A. repeat“重复〞；B. treat“对待〞；C. share“分享〞；D. prvide“提供〞。根据下文“the same rutine happily thrughut the day〞可知，Lily喜欢一整天做重复的事情。应选A。
〔6〕句意：我们被告知她是一个患有自闭症的孩子，她在沟通和与他人建立关系方面有困难。A. skills“技能〞；B. belief“信念〞；C. pressure“压力〞；D. difficulty“困难〞。根据上文“was unable t … with thers〞和常识可知，患有自闭症的Lily在和他人沟通、建立关系方面有困难。have difficulty in ding sth.固定短语，“做某事有困难〞。应选D。
〔7〕句意：得知我们所爱的人可能无法过正常的生活，我的家人都很伤心。A. disappinted“失望的〞；B. calm“平静的〞；C. heartbrken“伤心的〞；D. anxius“焦虑的〞。根据上文，Lily患有自闭症，无法过正常的生活，所以家人很伤心。应选C。
〔8〕A. different“不同的〞；B. nrmal“正常的〞；C. simple“简单的〞；D. relaxing“放松的〞。根据上文“We were tld that she was a child with autism〞Lily患有自闭症，且和别人交流建立关系有困难，即：Lily无法过正常的生活。应选B。
〔9〕句意：由于不知道这将带来什么，我们决定将自闭症视为一种祝福。A. sign“迹象〞；B. test“测试〞；C. punishment“惩罚〞；D. blessing“祝福〞。照应下文“And what a blessing it turned ut t be!〞可知，作者一家把这种病视为一种祝福。应选D。
〔10〕句意：这个诊断让我们的家庭更加亲密，我们意识到对彼此更深的感谢。A. clser“更亲密的〞；B. tugher“更艰难的〞；C. richer“更富有的〞；D. healthier“更健康的〞。照料自闭症的患者需要付出更多的精力，而这个过程也让家人之间的关系更亲密。应选A。
〔11〕句意：这个诊断让我们的家庭更加亲密，我们意识到对彼此更深的感谢。A. respect“尊重〞；B. mercy“仁慈〞；C. appreciatin“感谢〞；D. regret“懊悔〞。在照顾家人的过程中，彼此都付出很多，所以此处指感谢彼此。应选C。
〔12〕句意：抚养一个有发育障碍的孩子是一个学习的过程。A. encuraging“鼓励〞；B. learning“学习〞；C. tuching“触动〞；D. thinking“思考〞。下文“Mistakes〞说明，自闭症患者与正常人不一样，会面临很多问题，这需要家人共同学习。应选B。
〔13〕句意：错误不可防止。A. careless“粗心的〞；B. serius“严肃的〞；C. deliberate“成心的〞；D. unavidable“不可防止的〞。家人以前没有照顾过自闭症患者，在这个过程中肯定会有很多失误，所以错误是不可防止的。应选D。
〔14〕句意：然而，在这一切中，我们的家人一直守护着她，确保她始终处于一个舒适、平安的环境中。A. realizing“意识到〞；B. ensuring“确保〞；C. reminding“提醒〞；D. demanding“要求〞。根据下文“that she is in a cmfrtable and safe envirnment at all times〞可知Lily的家人永远在那里照顾着她，确保她一直生活在舒服、平安的环境中。应选B。
〔15〕句意：Lily知道她有一个可以依靠的充满爱和支持的家庭，是当她取得进步时她最大的支持者。A. kept ff“让开〞；B. relied n“依靠〞；C. lked after“照顾〞；D. helped ut“帮助摆脱困境〞。根据上文“she has a lving and supprtive family wh can be〞可知，作者一家一直守护着Lily，所以Lily明白她可以依靠家人。应选B。
〔16〕句意：Lily知道她有一个可以依靠的充满爱和支持的家庭，是当她取得进步时她最大的支持者。A. status“地位〞；B. standard“标准〞；C. prgress“进步〞；D. task“任务〞。根据“her biggest cheerleaders when … is achieved〞可知对患有自闭症的Lily的每一点进步，家人都非常快乐，都会欢呼庆祝。应选C。
〔17〕句意：对于那些普通人来说，也许我的经历会让你们更清楚什么才是生命中真正重要的东西。A. careful with“留神〞；B. curius abut“好奇〞；C. aware f“意识到〞；D. interested in“感兴趣〞。根据“Fr thse nrmal peple perhaps my experience might make yu mre …what is really imprtant in life〞可知，作者的经历会使你意识到人生中到底什么东西才是真正重要的。应选C。
〔18〕句意：对我来说，自闭症实际上是一种力量、勇气和希望的祝福。A. actually“实际上〞；B. finally“终于〞；C. suddenly“突然〞；D. merely“仅仅〞。根据下文“been a blessing f strength, curage and hpe〞可知，作者一家人没有把自闭症视为负担，而认为自闭症实际上是一种力量、勇气和希望的祝福，应选A。
〔19〕句意：它不应该被看作是一种负担，而应该被看作是一种祝福，对于那些有幸体验到不同生活方式的家庭来说。A. designed“设计〞；B. chsen“选择〞；C. knwn“知道〞；D. viewed“看作〞。根据下文“as a burden〞可知把自闭症看作负担，be viewed as固定短语，“被看作……〞。应选D。
〔20〕句意：它不应该被看作是一种负担，而应该被看作是一种祝福，对于那些有幸体验到不同生活方式的家庭来说。A. experience“经历，体验〞；B. imagine“想象〞；C. change“改变〞；D. explain“解释〞。照顾自闭症患者，整个家庭生活会和普通的正常家庭完全不一样，所以是体验一种不一样的生活方式。应选A。
【点评】考查完形填空，此题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的根底上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
四、用单词的适当形式完成短文
7.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，在所有的宇宙事件中，日食可能会导致动物行为的最大变化。作者介绍了日食对动物行为的影响。
〔1〕句意：在所有的宇宙事件中，日食可能会导致动物行为的最大变化。根据上文定冠词the以及句意“最大〞可知应填形容词最高级greatest。故填greatest。
〔2〕句意：白天活泼的、感到困惑的动物会回到它们晚上栖息的地方，而夜晚的动物那么认为自己睡过头了。修饰名词animals应用形容词puzzled，作定语，表示“感到困惑的〞。故填Puzzled。
〔3〕句意：当太阳、月亮和地球在一条直线上时，就会发生日食，使月亮完全遮住太阳。in a straight line固定短语，“在一条直线上〞，故填in。
〔4〕句意：当太阳、月亮和地球在一条直线上时，就会发生日食，使月亮完全遮住太阳。句子陈述客观事实用一般现在时，主语为mn，谓语动词用第三人称单数。故填blcks。
〔5〕句意：一些蜘蛛在日食期间开始破网，就像它们通常在一天结束时所做的那样。修饰名词nets应用形容词性物主代词their。故填their。
〔6〕句意：同样的，白天活泼的鱼类和鸟类晚上会去休息，而蝙蝠才会出来。修饰后文整个句子应用副词similarly，作状语，句首单词首字母要大写。故填Similarly。
〔7〕句意：同样的，白天活泼的鱼类和鸟类晚上会去休息，而蝙蝠才会出来。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词fish and birds，先行词在从句中作主语，指物，故应用关系代词which引导，that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。
〔8〕句意：它们似乎被突如其来的黑暗所欺骗。darkness此处特指日食造成的突然黑暗，应用定冠词the。故填the。
〔9〕句意：有一次观察到津巴布韦的河马在月食时离开它们的河流，前往它们夜间进食的陆地。由时间状语Once及后文的时态可知，空格处应用一般过去时，且it作形式主语，与bserve之间为被动关系，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为it，谓语动词用单数。故填was bserved。
〔10〕句意：有一次观察到津巴布韦的河马在月食时离开它们的河流，前往它们夜间进食的陆地。feeding place，固定短语“摄食区、取食场所〞。故填feeding。
【点评】考查语法填空，此题考点涉及形容词，介词，名词，代词，副词，定语从句，冠词，时态语态，非谓语动词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的根底上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
五、短文改错
8.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者参加学校英语演讲比赛的经历和感受。
①句意：上周六，我参加了学校举办的英语演讲比赛。分析可知，此处应用非谓语动词，an English speech cmpetitin和hld之间是逻辑上的被动关系，应该用过去分词作后置定语；hld是不规那么变化动词，过去分词为held。故hld改为held。
②句意：这么多人看着我，我感到紧张和害怕！在系动词feel后，应该接形容词作表语。故nervusly改为nervus。
③句意：这么多人看着我，我感到紧张和害怕！修饰形容词large，应该用副词s；此处是“s+形容词+a+单数可数名词〞结构。故such改为s。
④句意：就在我正要放弃的时候，我看到我的家人坐在那里。be abut t d… when...固定短语，“正要做……这时……〞。故as改为when。
⑤句意：我立刻重新有了自信。主语是I，介词宾语和主语所指相同，应该用相应的反身代词myself。故me改为myself。
⑥句意：我被宣布是二等奖获得者之一。“ne f…〞表示“……之一〞，后面接可数名词的复数形式。 故winner改为winners。
⑦句意：我所有的家人都为我的成功感到骄傲。全文表达的是过去发生事情，用一般过去时，此句也应该用一般过去时；take是不规那么变化动词，过去式为tk。故take改为tk。
⑧句意：我很快乐参加了这次比赛。此处用定冠词the指上文提到的英语演讲比赛。故in后加the。
⑨句意：我从这次经历中学到了很多。 a lt f表示“许多……〞后接名词；此处是修饰句子的谓语动词learned，应该用a lt。故去掉lt 后的f。
⑩句意：我也学会了如何勇敢自信地面对人。此处是“疑问词+不定式〞结构；根据句意，应该用疑问词hw，意思为“如何〔面对人〕〞。 故what改为hw。
【点评】考查短文改错，此题考点涉及时态，形容词，副词，连词，代词，名词，冠词，介词以及宾语从句等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，覆盖面广，综合性强，难度较大，区分度高。
六、提纲类作文
9.【解析】【分析】此题是一篇应用文写作，要求考生写一份稿件。写作背景：你校英文报Sprts and Health专栏正在征稿，邀请你推荐一项适合中学生的健身工程。写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：1〕工程名称；2〕推荐理由。提示中的内容比拟泛泛，需要适当补充。此题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括，缺一不可。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如： Walking is the easiest and simplest frm f exercise t stay healthy and lse weight. 运用了动名词作主语；Yu can walk at a fast speed r just walk slwly arund the campus, and it is up t yu t decide where yu will walk and whm yu will walk with. 运用了并列句，宾语从句；Imprtantly, yu can avid sme unnecessary injuries which ften ccur in ther sprts and all yu need may be nly a pair f sneakers.运用了并列句，限制性定语从句；Chse walking and begin yur jurney t gd health and healthy life with each step.。运用了祈使句，并列句。1. A. excitement
B. cautin
C. surprise
D. patience
2. A. messiness
B. carelessness
C. kindness
D. uniqueness
3. A. reprted
B. predicted
C. nticed
D. prved
4. A. fight
B. cmmunicate
C. bargain
D. debate
5. A. repeat
B. treat
C. share
D. prvide
6. A. skills
B. belief
C. pressure
D. difficulty
7. A. disappinted
B. calm
C. heartbrken
D. anxius
8. A. different
B. nrmal
C. simple
D. relaxing
9. A. sign
B. test
C. punishment
D. blessing
10. A. clser
B. tugher
C. richer
D. healthier
11. A. respect
B. mercy
C. appreciatin
D. regret
12. A. encuraging
B. learning
C. tuching
D. thinking
13. A. careless
B. serius
C. deliberate
D. unavidable
14. A. realizing
B. ensuring
C. reminding
D. demanding
15. A. kept ff
B. relied n
C. lked after
D. helped ut
16. A. status
B. standard
C. prgress
D. task
17. A. careful with
B. curius abut
C. aware f
D. interested in
18. A. actually
B. finally
C. suddenly
D. merely
19. A. designed
B. chsen
C. knwn
D. viewed
20. A. experience
B. imagine
C. change
D. explain