2021届上海市奉贤区高三英语质量抽查试卷及答案

这是一份2021届上海市奉贤区高三英语质量抽查试卷及答案，共16页。试卷主要包含了用单词的适当形式完成短文，选用适当的单词或短语补全短文，完形填空，阅读选择，任务型阅读，概要写作，汉译英〔整句〕，提纲类作文等内容，欢迎下载使用。
1.Directins: After reading the passage belw. Jill in the blanks t make the passage cherent and grammatically crrect. Fr the blanks with a given wrd. fill in each blank with the prper frm f the given wrd: fr the ther blanks, use ne wrd that best fits each blank.
Landslide Injures at least 10 in Nrwegian Twn f Ask
A landslide (山体滑坡)has smashed int a residential area near the Nrwegian capital at midnight n Dec. 30. injuring at least 10 peple, leaving 21 unaccunted fr and ________(destry) several hmes, authrities said.
Abut 700 peple have been brught t safety fr fear f further landslides.
The landslide cut acrss a rad, leaving a deep gap that cars ________nt pass. Vide ftage shwed dramatic scenes including ne huse falling int the gap. Phtgraphs shwed at least eight destryed hmes.
Rescue wrkers cntinued t search the area fr children and adults ________(believe) t have been caught in mud and debris (废墟), plice said. "We're still lking fr survivrs? plice spkesman Rger Pettersen tld a news cnference.
Pettersen said there were n reprts f missing peple, but fficials culd nt rule ut the pssibility ________ there might be survivrs in cllapsed buildings. He said 21 peple registered as living in the area arc unaccunted fr.
One f the injured was seriusly hurt, while nine had ________(light) injuries. Weather at the time was reprted t be challenging, with snwstrm sweeping the village f Ask, ________abut 5,000 peple inhabited.
Nrway's King Harald said the landslide had made a deep impressin n him. "My thughts are with all thse wh are affected, injured r have lst their hmes and chse wh nw live in fear and uncertainty f ________damage the disaster has caused," he said in a statement released by the ryal palace.
The area in which Ask ________(lcate) is knwn t have a lt f quick clay, which can change frm slid t liquid frm. Previus landslides have been reprted in the regin.
Helicpters cntinued t circle ver the area as night fell ________ (lwer) rescuers twards the debris f cllapsed huses.
"There culd be peple trapped ... but at the same time we can't be sure________it is the new year's hliday, which means peple culd be elsewhere," Ema Slberg, the Nrwegian Prime Minister, tld reprters after visiting the site.
二、选用适当的单词或短语补全短文
2.Directin: Fill in each blank with a prper wrd chsen frm the bx. Each wrd can be used nly nce. Nte that there is ne wrd mre than yu need
Why Dutch Officials Want Yu t Frget the Cuntry f Hlland
The Dutch natin has lng been dealing with its identity crisis. Fr decades, the gvernment used "Hlland" and "the Netherlands'' ________t describe the cuntry knwn fr its icnic canals, tulip (郁金香)fields and windmills.
Rut starting frm Jan, I, all fficial gvernment cmmunicatins and________materials will use the Netherlands as its name.
The gvernment has been wrking n a campaign that might________the cuntry's image in the face f grwing internatinal cmpetitin fr the past 18 mnths, said Ingrid de Beer, the head f the public diplmacy sectin in the Ministry f Freign Affairs. "Our internatinal image faces sme challenges," she said. Research shwed that many peple d nt knw f the Netherlands r have ________cncepts f the cuntry. Yung peple, particularly thse in cuntries farther away, are unfamiliar with the cuntry.
The Kingdm f the Netherlands cnsists f 12 prvinces, tw f which — Nrd (Nrth) Hlland and Zuid (Suth) Hlland make up Hlland. Amsterdam, which ________abut) 9 millin travelers annually, and Keukenhf, ne f the wrld's largest flwer gardens and a ppular attractin, are bth in the Hlland regin.
The cuntry's turism bard,________t handle millins f turists, stpped prmting its mst famus attractins in favr f trying t encurage travelers t g t lesser-knwn destinatins, accrding t a 2021 reprt. By 2030. the reprt predicted, the Netherlands culd see ________f up t 42 millin turists - an enrmus number fr a cuntry f 17 millin.
The regin f Hlland has________cntributed the mst t the cuntry's ecnmy and wealth, resulting in its name cmmnly being used t indicate the entire cuntry.
But nt anymre, the Dutch gvernment insists. "We are fully aware that internatinally, a strng image f the Netherlands cntributes t achieving plitical bjectives, prmting trade, attracting talent, investment and turists and encuraging cultural and scientific ________," Ms. de Beer said.
Part f the campaign includes an updated lg, a "NL"________t lk like an range-tulip, accrding t the Ministry f Freign Affairs. The lg replaces the "Hlland tulip/ which was created by the turism bard 25 years ag and used t prmte the cuntry.
三、完形填空
3.完形填空
As cnsumers, we are very wasteful. Annually, the wrld generates 1.3 billin ins f slid waste. This is expected t g up t 2.2 billin by 2025. The develped cuntries are 1 fr 44% f waste, and in the U.S. alne, the average persn thrws away their bdy weight in rubbish every mnth.
Traditinal wisdm wuld seem t suggest that cmpanies have n interest in 2 the life cycle f their prducts and reduce the revenue (营收)they wuld get frm selling new gds. 3 , mre and mre businesses are thinking abut hw t reduce cnsumer waste. This is 4 driven by the rising price f raw materials and metals. Als, bth cnsumers and cmpanies becming mre aware f the need t prtect ur envirnment is anther frce that cntributes.
When chsing what prducts t buy and which brands t buy frm, mre and mre cnsumers are lking int sustainability, which is 5 just price and perfrmance they were cncerned abut in the past. In a survey f 54 f the wrld's leading brands, almst all f them reprted that cnsumers are shwing increasing care abut envirnmental lifestyles. At the same time, surveys n cnsumers in the U.S. and the U.K. shw that they als care abut 6 energy use and reducing waste.
7 , cnsumers cntrl what happens t a prduct. But sme cmpanies are starting t realize that placing the burden f recycling entirely n the cnsumer is nt an effective strategy, especially when 8 smething seems like the easiest and mst cnvenient ptin.
Sme retailers and manufacturers in the clthing, ftwear, and electrnics industries have launched 9 prgrams, They want t make their custmers interested in 10 their prducts and preventing things that still have value frm ging t the landfill. By ffering services t help expand the lngevity f their prducts, they're prmising quality and 11 t cnsumers, and receiving the 12 gains fr being envirnmentally friendly and scially respnsible.
Enrmus pprtunities als 13 e-waste. It is estimated that in 2021 the wrld prduced sme 42 millin metric tns f e-waste (discarded electrical and electrnic equipment and its parts) with Nrth America and Eurpe accunting fr 8 and 12 millin metric tns 14 . The materials frm e-waste include irn, cpper, gld, silver, and aluminum-materials that culd be reused, resld, recvered, r recycled. Tgether, the value f these metals is estimated t be abut $52 billin. Electrnics giants like BestBuy and Samsung have prvided e-waste 15 prgrams ver the past few years, which aim t refurbish (翻新)ld electrnic cmpnents and parts int new prducts.
四、阅读选择
4.阅读理解
Nt lng after Tny Berlin began wrking at the state driver's license facility in Niles in 1985, he nticed that sme truck drivers wh shuld have failed their exams mysteriusly passed them. Fr six years, starting in 1992, he cllected evidence t shw why: He believed truck drivers were bribing state wrkers t get licenses. In anther turn f the screw, the wrkers were using thse bribes t buy tickets t the then secretary f state Gerge Ryan's fundraisers, including fr his successful bid fr gvernr. Berlin tried t expse the crruptin (腐败)-he went t the FBI and the upper ranks f the secretary f state's ffice - but was repeatedly met with indifference. Then he began t suspect that the truck driver in a 1994 accident that killed six children, all frm the same family, gt his license thrugh the scheme. In a mment that changed everything, Berlin reached ut t the Reverend Sctt Willis, the children's father.
It was his call t Willis that cnnected the crash t what wuld becme knwn as the licenses — fr — bribes scandal (丑闻), "Berlin's the ne wh started it says the Willises' lawyer. A few mnths after that phne call, the U.S. attrney's ffice initiated Operatin Safe Rad, an nging federal investigatin that by the end f Nvember had disclsed 34 ffenses.
The investigatin ultimately netted 75 ffenses, including that f Dean Bauer, Ryan's inspectr general. He pleaded guilty in 2001 t bstructing (阻碍)justice and was sentenced t 12 mnths in. prisn. Bui the biggest catch was Ryan himself, wh was sentenced in 2006 t six and a half years tr fraud and blackmailing. As fr Berlin, he cntinued t wrk a stale license facilities, in Streatr and Pntiac, chsing t stay ut f the public eye.
〔1〕What initially caused Tny Berlin t investigate the licenses — fr — bribes scandal?
A.Truck drivers, bribing slate wrkers.
B.Truck drivers, licenses being granted t freely.
C.His wrking at the state driver's license facility.
D.The truck driver's killing six children in a 1994 accident.
〔2〕Accrding t Tny Berlin, the bribes ultimately ran int.
A.buying driving licenses
B.Gerge Ryan's fundraising
C.cvering the lss f the Willises
D.supprting the federal investigatin
〔3〕Which f the fllwing statements is NOT true accrding t the passage?
A.Tny's calling Willis was a turning pint in the whle bribing case.
B.Tny Berlin became a husehld name after the expsure f the scandal.
C.the FBI failed t take serius actin the first time Berlin asked fr investigatin.
D.Gerge Ryan, the biggest criminal behind the scene, was sentenced t years in jail.
〔4〕Accrding t the passage, which f the fllwing can best describe Tny Berlin?
A.Perseverant, dutiful and tame-thirsty.
B.Strng-willed, cperative and sciable.
C.Respnsible, aggressive and merciless.
D.Determined, right-minded and curageus.
5.阅读理解
We understand that in light f the latest gvernment CORONAVIRUS TRAVEL ADVICE, yur travel plans will be changing. T reflect this, sme terms & cnditins fr refunding tickets r changing jurneys are different t usual.
Refunds n Unused Tickets fr Travel
• Yu can apply fr refunds up t fur weeks frm the last day that the ticket was valid.
• Unused Anytime, Off-Peak and Super Off-Peak tickets can be refunded and a service fee applies. Advance tickets are nt refundable. Alternatively, yu can change yur ticket i travel at a later date — See 'Changing Tickets r Requesting a Travel Vucher' belw.
• PLEASE NOTE that if the train yu are bked n dcs nt ran r is canceled due t irresistible frces, refund: will be made n ALL TICKETS TYPES with n service fee.
If yu are uncertain abut travelling, yu may wish t cnsider purchasing a mre flexible ticket — such as Anytime r Off-Peak - fr travel.
Changing Tickets r Requesting a Travel Vucher
• If yu bught an Advance ticket befre the Natinal Lckdwn was annunced n 4lh January and will n lnger be travelling, yu shuld apply fr a travel vucher r reschedule yur jurney free f charge. Yu need t d this be lre yur first train departs and pay the difference if yur new ticket is mre expensive. Please nte yu will nt be entitled t a travel vucher if yur Advance ticket was purchased after 4lh Jan. Speak t the riginal retailer f yur ticket fr advice.
• Anytime, Off-Peak and Super Off-Peak tickets are mre flexible and can be changed any time befre yu travel There is n fee t change these tickets. yu will nly need t pay any difference in fare.
Refunding Seasn Tickets
•Unexpired(未逾期的)Seasn Tickets can be submitted fr refund at any time and train cmpanies calculate hw much is refunded by bw much value is left n yur ticket, they d this by deducting (扣除)the value f any ther tickets yu culd have travelled with in the same lime until yu stpped using and return yur Seasn Ticket Refunds can nly be backdated with evidence that illness prevented yu frm travelling. (Natinal Rail Cnditins f Travel. Cnditin 40.4).
• T see hw much yu culd get back frm yur Seasn Ticket, try the Seasn Ticket Refund Calculatr belw. Fr mre infrmatin, including if yu require a refund due t sickness that prevented yu frm using a Seasn Ticket see the link here,
• Custmers can still claim refunds remtely nline, minimizing cntact between custmers and staffs keeping everyne safer. Please see yur retailer's website fr details.
Travelling n Anther Train Cmpany's Service
• In areas where there is cancellatin, train cmpanies may agree acceptance f tickets ruted via anther cmpany Fr mre details, please cntact yur rail service prvider.
〔1〕Passengers are entitled t their mney back n________.
A.Anytime tickets cmpletely free f charge
B.Oil-Peak tickets with n restrictins
C.Advance tickets fr their train nt running
D.Super Off-Peaks that went invalid fr half a year
〔2〕A Seasn ticket hlds mre refundable value nly when________.
A.train cmpanies refuse t calculate the value that is left n it
B.yu frmally apply t cease using the ticket and hand it back
C.yu use the Seasn Ticket Refund Calculatr n the website
D.the prf is given that yu were unable t travel due t illness
〔3〕We can learn frm the passage that ________ .
A.Advance tickets purchased after Jan. 4th can als be rescheduled
B.passengers with a fixed timetable are advised t buy Anytime tickets
C.safer appraches t refund have been intrduced t limit physical cntact
D.service frm anther train cmpany is nt available if yur train get cancelled
6.阅读理解
The urgency and imprtance f Cvid-19 ver (he past year have driven almst everything else frm mst leaders5 minds. But since the vaccine is kicking in, Britain's gvernment is nce again beginning t think abut the things that will matter later. Next week, it is expected t publish a 'plan fr grwth" t bst prductivity, with innvatin at its centre.
The wrld may be n the pint f a technlgical bm with life sciences, at which Britain excels. Innvatin is crucial t prductivity, but n this frnt Britain's perfrmance has lagged behind its cmpetitrs' in recent years. Its lw spending n Research and Develpment (R&D) argues fr a bst. Thse wh attributed the financial failure in the 1970s t the insufficiency f research funds may regard this as a threat t ecnmic grwth. Prmting innvatin can quickly (um int an exercise in picking winners - r, as is mre ften the case, lsers.
A secnd danger is that plicy agendas get mixed up. The gvernment has prmised t "level up" prer areas f the cuntry, s deprived twns arc campaigning fr mre mney fr their universities. But trying t bst innvatin by sending mney t weak institutins is likely t make ur leading universities lse their advantages, thus prducing average ideas that culd have been remarkable. Britain's research-funding system has always been elitist(精英主义的). It shuld stay that way.
The gvernment's first mve in bsting innvatin was the annuncement f a plan fr an Advanced Research and Inventin Agency (ARIA). ARlA's purpse is t fund high-risk, high-reward research. But mney is nt all that mailers. The successful translatin f life science research int treatments during the pandemic suggests sme inexpensive measures that can als make a difference.
One is t speed up gvernmental prcesses. The rapidity with which Britain's medical regulatr mved during the pandemic is ne reasn why the vaccine rllut is racing thrugh the ppulatin. Urgency is nt unique l pandemics. Getting things dne quickly can make an investment wrthwhile and determine where a businessman chses as a base.
Anther useful measure the gvernment shuld use is its unique ability t vercme barriers. At the beginning f the pandemic. Cvid-19 researchers were unable t gain access t different strands f health service data. The gvernment eased restrictins n existing data and allwed researchers t ask peple wh had tested psitive tr Cvid-19 t jin trials. Bth were crucial t the effrt.
A last principle is the value f cnnectins between the gvernment and the private sectr. Kate Bingham, a venture capitalist wh led the vaccine-purchase effrt, understd hw t deal with drug cmpanies. Many f the civil servants wrking with her had cmmercial experience. The gvernments clseness t business during the pandemic has been criticized. But withut it, the vaccine effrt wuld nt have succeeded.
Innvatin tk human beings frm caves t cmputers. Gd educatin, a welcming immigratin plicy and a friendly business envirnment will d mst t tend it. But a new sensible principles can help keep the flame burning.
〔1〕What dcs the underlined wrd "this" in Paragraph 2 refer t?
A.Investing insufficient mney in innvatin.
B.Prmting innvatin in technlgy.
C.Applying science results t practical uses.
D.Distributing funds t weak institutins.
〔2〕What's the pssible cnsequence f the British gvernment's attempt t "level up'' prer areas?
A.Britain's research-funding system will remain elitist.
B.Weak institutins are mre likely t prduce remarkable results.
C.The utstanding universities will be unable t exhibit remarkable ideas.
D.Bth pr and rich areas in the cuntry will develp in a balanced way.
〔3〕What can be inferred frm the three principles put frward by the writer?
A.A businessman is mre willing t set up business where gvernments shw high efficiency.
B.The administrative abilities are s unique t the gvernment that they actually yield little fruit.
C.The gvernment ceased the cperatin with private sectrs fr the criticism they had received.
D.The rllut f the vaccine was made pssible mainly because the public respnded quickly.
〔4〕What's the best title f the passage?
A.Hw Gvernments Fuel the Sparks f Innvatin
B.Why the Brits Struggle in the Tech Race
C.Hw Gvernments Benefit frm Innvatin
D.What Peple Gain with the Light f Technlgy
五、任务型阅读
7.任务型阅读
China's Entering a New Era f AI
They have beaten us at chess and c-written a Eurpp album with human beings. Nw cmputers are taking a step int a very human territry: the reading cmprehensin test, a headache f schlchildren everywhere. Alibaba n Mnday said its artificial utperfrmed mrtals (凡人) in a glbal reading cmprehensin.
Lu Si, chef scientist f natural language prcessing at Alibaba's research department, the Institute f Data Science f Technlgies, called the machines' victry "a milestne".________Sme f these uses are already being handled by chatbts glbally.
In the test administered last week, cmpanies subjected their artificial intelligence systems t questins frm the Stanfrd Questin Answering Dataset, which assessed reading cmprehensin. ________In tp place were
Micrsft, the US sftware giant, and Alibaba, the Chinese tech grup that began with e-cmmerce and is - like its peers at hme and abrad investing mre funds int AI.
________Baidu made an early bet n AI. and is leading its rivals in autnmus driving, sme f which was n shw at Custmer Electrnics Shw in Las Vegas. Tencent, which basts f I billin mnthly active users n its scial media WeChat app, and Alibaba have adpted AI in peratins such as custmizing news and ads, and are investing in new fields.
China aims t make use f its vast treasures f data, cllected frm its 1.4 billin ppulatin including 730 millin wh are nline, and deep pckets t vertake the US in creating a SI50 billin industry that is seen as the next industrial revlutin. Excitedly, AI is already being applied in many fields frm driverless cars t text analysis. ________The mst asked nes include "Where's my package?" especially n Alibaba's Single Day shpping festival.
A. Thugh China s drive is led by gvernment, it is cultivating hmegrwn tech giants t leap ahead f the US.
B. Private investment in the AI sectr has been expanding 62 percent a year n average fr the past fur years.
C. The technlgy has many applicatins, frm custmer service t museum tutrials t medical inquiries.
D. The cmputers' answers t the questins were cmpared against average human respnses and ranked.
E. Fr example, this technlgy has already been used t answer general questins n e-cmmerce platfrms.
F. Like all utilities, AI will be bring, even as it transfrms the Internet, the glbal ecnmy, and civilizatin.
六、概要写作
8.Directins: Read the fllwing passage. Summarize the main idea and the main pint(s) f the passage in n mre than 60 wrds. Use yur wn wrds as far as pssible.
What Yu Will Need t Live t 100
A new apprach t retirement preparatin knwn as “lngevity planning〞 has been n the rise fr years, with the glbal ppulatin f centenarians (B1岁老人)steadily grwing. In abut 40 years, the number f peple 100 and lder will be six times as high as it is nw. What, as yu may wnder, enhances lngevity? While a previus study underlined the link between lngevity and higher educatin, having a degree desn't necessarily guarantee yu a lnger lief. Actually, the grwth in the 100-plus age grup are mre likely t result frm a cmbinatin f imprved lifestyle factrs.
Genetic, as new research has revealed, is a frce that cannt g ignred. Dr. Peris f medicine and geriatrics at Bstn University pints ut that lngevity is nt distributed equally. Being blessed with the certain genetic cmpnent that extend yur life span is like winning the lttery. Only ne in 5000 is lucky enugh t pssess the magical pwer that help make it t the century mark. Rare as it may appear, the genetic cmpnent is a factr in 40 percent t 50 percent f peple wh make it t 100 and 70 percent fr thse reaching 106.
Deliberate mental, scial and physical activities during retirement als matter. That means cntinuing t learn new things, staying invlved in the cmmunity and wrking t sme degree. Activity is critically imprtant, said Mitch Anthny, a cnsultant in Rchester, wh trains financial planners in life planning. Peple tend t d best when they remain scially and mentally vibrant.
The research cntinues t uncver that despite their struggle t identity hw they imprve lngevity, mst f the researchers agree that purpse and meaning thrughut life prvide peple with better chances t live lnger. These factrs may ffer a mental and pssibly physical shelter frm stressful events in life. Having purpse in life may mtivate refraining stressful situatins t deal with them mre prductively, thereby facilitating recvery frm stress and disrder.
七、汉译英〔整句〕
9.运动的人不大可能有睡眠障碍。(likely) (汉译英〕
10.这位外科医生还没来得及好好休息就立即投入到下一场手术中。(befre) (汉译英〕
11.这个时期的文学作品反映出我国人民在面临民族危机时不屈不挠的情神.(mirrr) (汉译英〕
12.那位作家把书房看作是私人领域和精神家园，在那里，他可以坐拥书籍之乐，将尘世烦恼抛诸脑
后。(leave) (汉译英〕
八、提纲类作文
13.Directins: Write an English cmpsitin in 120-150 wrds accrding t the instructins given belw in Chinese.
假设你是明启中学的李华，你的好友王磊为了考人理想的大学，每天挑灯夜战，分秒必争，不仅无视了体育锻炼，甚至连三餐也随意敷衍，请你给他写一封电子邮件，表达你的担忧，提出合理建议并说明理由。
答案解析局部
一、用单词的适当形式完成短文
1.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，介绍了挪威阿斯小镇发生山体滑坡的情况。
【点评】考查语法填空，此题考点涉及非谓语动词，情态动词，同位语从句，形容词，定语从句，宾语从句，时态语态，状语从句以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，是一篇新闻报道，要求考生在理解细节信息的根底上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
二、选用适当的单词或短语补全短文
2.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了荷兰正式使用the Netherlands作为其名称，并解释用此名称的原因。
【点评】考查选词填空，考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力，答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意，然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。最后通读一遍检查验证。
三、完形填空
3.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了消费者每年生产大量的垃圾，造成了资源的浪费。一些企业提出可持续方案，他们希望让客户对即存的产品感兴趣，并防止仍然有价值的东西进入垃圾填埋场。
【点评】考查完型填空，此题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的根底上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
四、阅读选择
4.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了托尼·柏林因卡车执照发放太随意促使他展开一系列的调查，最终揭露了政府贪污腐败行为。
【点评】此题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
5.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了在疫情期间退票或改程的一些条款和条件。
【点评】此题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
5.(1)考查细节理解。根据文章第三个黑点“• PLEASE NOTE that if the train yu are bked n dcs nt ran r is canceled due t irresistible frces, refund： will be made n ALL TICKETS TYPES with n service fee.〞•请注意，如果您在单据上预订的列车没有运行或由于不可抗拒的力量而被取消，所有类型的车票都将获得退款，不收取效劳费。可知，火车停运时，乘客有权凭预售票退票。应选C。
5.(2)考查细节理解。根据倒数第四个黑点“Unexpired(未逾期的)Seasn Tickets can be submitted fr refund at any time and train cmpanies calculate hw much is refunded by bw much value is left n yur ticket, they d this by deducting (扣除)the value f any ther tickets yu culd have travelled with in the same lime until yu stpped using and return yur Seasn. Refunds can nly be backdated with evidence that illness prevented yu frm travelling. “未到期的季票可以随时提交退款，火车公司通过你的车票上还剩多少钱计算退款多少，他们会扣除你在同一线路上可能使用的任何其他车票的价钱计算剩余的钱，直到你停止使用并退掉你的季票，只有有证据说明你因生病而不能旅行时，才能退钱。可知，只有当你证明你因病不能旅行时，季票才有更多的可退还价值。应选D。
5.(3)考查推理判断。根据倒数第二个黑点“Custmers can still claim refunds remtely nline, minimizing cntact between custmers and staffs keeping everyne safer.〞客户仍然可以远程在线申请退款，减少客户和员工之间的联系，确保每个人都更平安。可知，为了限制身体接触，已经引入了更平安的退款方法。应选C。
6.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了英国政府预计并以创新为中心，发布“增长方案〞以提高生产力，并着重介绍了创新应该遵守的原那么。
【点评】此题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断，代词指代和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇经济类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的根底上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
五、任务型阅读
7.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，通过介绍机器人下棋打败了人介绍了人工智能。在人工智能方面位居榜首的是美国软件巨头微软，以及中国科技集团阿里巴巴。阿里巴巴以电子商务起家，并与国内外同行一样，向AI投资了更多资金。百度很早就押注于人工智能，目前在自动驾驶领域领先于竞争对手。人工智能被视为下一场工业革命，已经被应用于从无人驾驶汽车到文本分析的许多领域。
【点评】考查任务型阅读，本文是一篇科技类阅读， 要求在理解细节信息的根底上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
六、概要写作
8.【解析】【分析】此题是一篇概要写作。写作步骤：
1〕细读原文。首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握文章主旨。文章说明了长寿一方面是基因的原因，另一方面生活方式也能延长寿命。要有社交，人生的目的和意义也起很大作用。
2〕弄清结构，归纳段意。概要写作是写全文概要，不是写某一局部的概要，或者就某些问题写出要点。
3〕列出原文要点。分析原文的内容和结构，将内容分项扼要表述并注意在结构上的顺序。在此根底上选出与文章主题密切相关的局部。
4〕在写作时要特别注意下面几点：
〔1〕概要应包括原文中的主要事实，略去不必要的细节。
〔2〕安排好篇幅的比例，概要应同原文保持协调，即用较多的文字写重要内容，用较少的文字写次要内容。
〔3〕注意要点之间的衔接，要用适当的关联词语贯穿全文，切忌只简单地写出一些互不相干的句子，但也不要每两句之间都加关联词语，以免显得生硬。
〔4〕不排斥用原文的某些词句，但不要照搬原文的句子，如果不能完全用自己的话语表达，至少对原文句子做一些同义词替换，如果结构上也能有一些转换会更好。
〔5〕计算词数，看是否符合规定的词数要求。
【点评】本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动饱满，同时运用了许多高级词汇和固定短语，提高文章的档次，表达了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。例如：Versin 1局部中的：First, retirees' active participatin in activities prlngs their lives as they benefit scially and mentally. 运用了原因状语从句；Meanwhile, peple wh live a meaningful and purpseful life als live lnger because they usually recver mre quickly frm stress and disrder.运用了限制性定语从句，原因状语从句。Versin 2局部中的：There are a few factrs that may imprve ne's lngevity. 运用了限制性定语从句；Then retirees' active participatin in activities als prlngs their lives as they benefit scially and mentally. 运用了原因状语从句；Meanwhile, peple wh live a meaningful and purpseful life als live lnger because they usually recver mre quickly frm stress and disrder.运用了限制性定语从句，原因状语从句。

七、汉译英〔整句〕
9.【解析】【分析】此处为wh引导的定语从句，修饰先行词peple，从句中表示“爱运动〞可用动词exercise，作谓语；主句中表示“不太可能……〞短语为be less likely t d sth.；表示“睡眠障碍〞短语为sleep disturbances。结合语境，应用一般现在时。故翻译为Peple wh exercise are less likely t have sleep disturbances.
【点评】考查汉译英，此题涉及限制性定语从句和固定短语be less likely t d sth。
10.【解析】【分析】devte neself t〞 致力于， 投身于“；take a rest〞休息“。陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。befre还没来得及……就……，引导时间状语从句。根据句意，故答案为The surgen immediately devted himself t the next peratin befre he culd take a gd rest.
【点评】考查汉译英，此题涉及一般过去时，时间状语从句以及固定短语devte neself t和take a rest
11.【解析】【分析】分析可知，本句为简单的主谓宾结构，且为一般现在时；主语“这个时期的文学作品〞表达为the literary wrks f this perid；谓语动词“反映〞表达为mirrr，主语wrks是复数，故谓语动词用原形；宾语“我国人民不屈不挠的情神〞表达为 the indmitable spirit f ur peple；状语“在面临民族危机时〞表达为in the face f the natinal crisis。故答案为：The literary wrks f this perid mirrr the indmitable spirit f ur peple in the face f the natinal crisis.
【点评】考查汉译英，此题涉及一般现在时，以及固定短语the literary wrks f this perid，the indmitable spirit f ur peple。
12.【解析】【分析】句意：那位作家把书房看作是私人领域和精神家园，在那里，他可以坐拥书籍之乐，将尘世烦恼抛诸脑后。“把……当作〞regard…as…，“私人的〞private，“领域，领土〞territry，“精神的〞spiritual。私人领域和精神家园可翻译为private territry and spiritual hme。坐拥书籍的快乐，可理解为享受书籍的陪伴的快乐，enjy sth，“……的陪伴〞the cmpany f sb/sth。“丢弃，抛掉〞leave behind。由句子结构可知，时态是一般现在时，主句翻译The writer regards his study as his private territry and spiritual hme。“在那里〞，用where引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词his study，关系词在从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where引导该从句，所以是where he can enjy the cmpany f the bks。后半句用现在分词作伴随状语，“在那抛却了烦恼〞，可翻译为leaving behind wrries f everyday life。故答案为The writer regards his study as his private territry and spiritual hme, where he can enjy the cmpany f the bks, leaving behind wrries f everyday life。
【点评】考查汉译英，此题涉及一般现在时，限制性定语从句以及固定短语eave behind和regard…as…。
八、提纲类作文
13.【解析】【分析】此题是一篇英文信件，要求考生以明启中学李华的身份写一封电子邮件，表达你的担忧，提出合理建议并说明理由。写作背景：你的好友王磊为了考人理想的大学，每天挑灯夜战，分秒必争，不仅无视了体育锻炼，甚至连三餐也随意敷衍。此题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如： I heard yu were busy studying every minute and neglecting rest.运用了宾语从句； Nt nly d yu neglect exercise, but als yu even skip meals. I'm wrried abut yu.运用了并列句，倒装句；As far as I'm cncerned, ur students shuld learn t cmbine study and play which helps us g further.运用了非限制性定语从句； There's a saying that all wrk and n play makes Jack a dull by. 运用了同位语从句，In a wrd, we shuld n ne hand study hard, and n the ther hand, pay attentin t ur health.运用了并列句；I hpe yu can take my advice t balance study and rest.运用了宾语从句。A. utdated B. plish C. struggling D. histrically E. exchange F. prmtinal
G. stylized H. flds I. witnesses J. interchangeably K. declining
1. A. frgivable
B. accuntable
C. tlerable
D. remarkable
2. A. altering
B. lengthening
C. beying
D. upsetting
3. A. Therefre
B. Smehw
C. Yet
D. Otherwise
4. A. partly
B. barely
C. precisely
D. exclusively
5. A. bridged with
B. subjected t
C. ppsed t
D. assciated with
6. A. minimizing
B. maintaining
C. stimulating
D. deserting
7. A. On the cntrary
B. Abve all
C. Fr example
D. In mst cases
8. A. mdifying
B. wrecking
C. dumping
D. restring
9. A. sustainable
B. cmpulsry
C. ecnmic
D. educatinal
10. A. insuring
B. substituting
C. cncealing
D. preserving
11. A. accessibility
B. prductivity
C. affrdability
D. durability
12. A. prfitable
B. emtinal
C. predictable
D. reputatinal
13. A. lie in
B. stand fr
C. cnsist f
D. result in
14. A. respectively
B. dramatically
C. evenly
D. thrughly
15. A. take-back
B. give-away
C. clean-up
D. cut-dwncut-dwn