2021届辽宁省大连市高三下学期英语双基测试卷及答案

这是一份2021届辽宁省大连市高三下学期英语双基测试卷及答案，共16页。试卷主要包含了阅读选择，任务型阅读，完形填空，用单词的适当形式完成短文，开放性作文，读后续写等内容，欢迎下载使用。
1.阅读理解
Readers will discver explrers, landmarks and mre in the fllwing maps and travel bks.
Maps Special Editin, ₤ 25
This bk was already ppular in ur children's area and has been made even better with this special editin. The cllectin f 68 maps takes yu thrugh 58 cuntries and six cntinents. It is packed with illustrated infrmatin, including famus histrical figures, lcal dishes, sme festivals, landmarks, etc.
Technically aimed at children, it cntains lts f infrmatin and facts. It's very well put tgether, especially when it cmes t chsing the seven famus peple with a cnnectin t their special place. Philip Pullman, fr example, is assciated with Nrflk.
Harry Ptter's Lndn is a map that cvers infrmatin n three walks taken in the best f the central Lndn lcatins in the hugely ppular films. The walks cver Picadilly Circus, Westminster Bridge via Trafailg, and King's Crss with its famus Platfrm 9 ¾.
Learn the flag f every cuntry in the wrld by placing the flag sticker n the crrect cuntries n the maps. This cntains interesting facts abut cuntries and flags. There are fun questins thrughut, including, "Sme African flags have a diagnal strip (对角条纹). Hw many can yu find?"
〔1〕What knwledge des Maps Special Editin invlve?
A.Wrld-wide ppular festivals.
B.The culture f many places.
C.The histry f 68 cuntries.
D.Different editins f maps.
〔2〕The ne that allws readers t match cuntries with flags csts ______.
A.₤ 25.
B.₤ 17.99.
C.₤ 3.99.
D.₤ 5.99.
〔3〕Wh may be the target readers f the maps?
A.Cmmn peple.
B.Gegraphy teachers.
C.Yung readers.
D.Map cllectrs.
2.阅读理解
Prudly reading my wrds, I lked arund the rm, nly t find my classmates bearing big smiles n their faces and tears in their eyes and Miss Lancelt stne-faced. I slwly raised the reprt, hping t hide myself and burning t find ut "What culd be causing everyne t act this way?"
Quickly, I flashed back t the day Miss Lancelt gave me the task. This was the first real task I received in my new schl. It seemed simple: g n the Internet and find infrmatin abut a man named Gerge Washingtn. Since my idea f histry came frm an ancient teacher in my hme cuntry, I had never heard f that name befre. As I searched the name f this fellw, it became evident that there were tw peple bearing the same name wh lked cmpletely different! One invented hundreds f uses fr peanuts, while the ther led sme srt f army acrss America. I stared at the screen, wndering which ne my teacher meant. I called my grandfather fr a glden piece f advice: flip (掷) a cin. Heads—the cmmander, and tails—the peanuts guy. Ah! Tails, my reprt wuld be abut the great man wh invented peanut butter, Gerge Washingtn Carver.
When anther classmate began his reprt, it all became clear, "My reprt is n Gerge Washingtn, the man wh started the American Revlutin." Hw culd I knw that she meant that Gerge Washingtn?
Obviusly, my grade was awful. Heartbrken but fearless, I talked t Miss Lancelt, but she insisted: n re-ds; n new grade. I felt that the punishment was nt justified, and I believed I deserved a secnd chance. Cnsequently, I threw myself heartily int my wrk fr the rest f the schl year. Ten mnths later, that chance unflded as I fund myself sitting in the headmaster's ffice with my grandfather and the headmaster infrmed me f his apprval that I culd skip the sixth grade. Justice is sweet!
〔1〕What did the authr's classmates think abut his reprt?
A.Amusing.
B.Mving.
C.Cntrversial.
D.Puzzling.
〔2〕What des the underlined wrd "burning" in Para. 1 prbably mean?
A.Ready.
B.Annyed.
C.Eager.
D.Ashamed.
〔3〕Why was the authr cnfused abut the task?
A.The teacher's instructin was unclear.
B.He knew little abut American histry.
C.He was a new cmer t the schl.
D.He fllwed the advice t flip a cin.
〔4〕Why did the authr say "Justice is sweet"?
A.He was allwed t red the test.
B.He was devted t his studies.
C.His effrts were recgnized by schl.
D.The punishment was reasnable.
3.阅读理解
Imagine that the genme (基因组) is a bk. The bk cnsists f 23 chapters, with thusands f stries made up f paragraphs, wrds and letters n different levels. There are ne billin wrds in the bk, which makes it lnger than 500 dictinaries. If I read the genme ut t yu at the rate f ne wrd per secnd fr eight hurs a day, it wuld take me a century. If I wrte ut the human genme, ne letter per millimeter, my text wuld be as lng as the River Danube. This enrmus dcument, hwever, all fits inside the extremely small nucleus (核) f a tiny cell that fits easily upn the head f a pin (针尖).
The idea f the genme as a bk is nt, strictly speaking, even a metaphr (比喻). It is true t a great extent. A bk is a piece f digital infrmatin, written in ne-directinal frm and cntrlled by a system that translates a small alphabet (字母表) f letters int a large dictinary f meanings thrugh the rder f their grupings. S is a genme. The nly difference is that all English bks read frm left t right, while sme parts f the genme read frm left t right, and sme frm right t left, thugh never bth at the same time.
While English bks are written in wrds f different lengths using twenty-six letters, genmes are written entirely in three-letter wrds, using nly fur letters. And instead f being written n flat pages, they are written n lng chains f DNA mlecules (分子). The genme is a very clever bk, because in the right cnditins it can bth phtcpy itself and read itself.
〔1〕What facts d yu knw abut the genme?
A.It has 23 chapters.
B.It is extremely lng.
C.It is in the cell nucleus.
D.It is n the pin head.
〔2〕In what sense is the genme like a bk?
A.Bth have digital images.
B.Bth are read frm left t right.
C.Bth are gruped by subject.
D.Bth have a translatin system.
〔3〕What can we knw abut genmes frm paragraph 3?
A. They are nearly f the same length. B. They are made up f DN
A.C. They can reprduce each ther. D. They are written n flat pages.
〔4〕Why did the writer make a cmparisn f the genme t a bk?
A.T fcus n the differences.
B.T emphasize the similarities.
C.T simplify the cncept.
D.T give different descriptin.
4.阅读理解
We're lving the sea t death. We swim int it, live near it, build beside it, and even imagine abut living under the sea. Fr much f ur histry, we have turned t "hard engineering" t cntrl the marine envirnment and manage its influence n us. We build dams, sea walls and channels. But all these effrts seem t fail, because we've nt been thinking abut design f structures with respect t eclgy. Sme castal structures create shade, which reduces the grwth f seaweed. Bright lights at night cntuse species such as turtles. That's why blue engineering cmes in.
Jhnsn, a marine eclgist, is advcating fr "blue engineering" — the marine versin f the "green engineering" mvement n land that has seen natins like Singapre building the walls and rfs f the cncrete jungle with plant life.
Researchers with the Wrld Harbur Prject are creating tiles similar t the natural structures fund n rcky shres with 3D printing technlgy. These make mre attractive hmes fr marine creatures. Researchers are als actively seeding these tiles with lcal seaweeds and creatures such as the Sydney rck yster, which is particularly gd at imprving water quality. Twelve harbrs arund the wrld are taking part in this marine tile experiment, each wrking with their wn unique marine life.
It's a far cry frm the days when huge numbers f ld tyres were thrwn int the sea t build "artificial reefs". Thse early attempts are nw csting millins t remve, shwing just hw far we have yet t g in understanding hw best t c-habit with the underwater wrld.
〔1〕What d we knw abut "hard engineering"?
A.It has imprved sea envirnment.
B.It cntrls the influence f sea well.
C.It has failed t achieve its purpse.
D.It makes living under the sea pssible.
〔2〕What des the underlined wrd "cntuse" in Paragraph 1 mean？
A.Injure.
B.Heat.
C.Defend.
D.Invlve.
〔3〕Which f the fllwing is a frm f "blue engineering"?
A.Grwing plant life n cncrete buildings.
B.Building rcky shres with 3D printers.
C.Creating an artificial reef with ld tyres.
D.Building structures benefiting sea creatures.
〔4〕What's the main idea f the passage?
A.Tw ways f sea engineering.
B.The green engineering mvement.
C.Cnstructin f artificial reefs.
D.Research n blue engineering.
二、任务型阅读
5.任务型阅读
Human beings learn technlgy frm nature. They tend t imitate it. ________ It did take us a while t learn, thugh. Hwever, nt until the mid-twentieth century was the wrd "bimimicry (仿生学)" first intrduced.
One f the first examples wuld be the inventin f Velcr (魔术贴), a material that was brn after a walk in the cuntryside by an engineer and his dg. On returning hme, he fund his scks were filled with little burrs (刺果). ________ They were cvered by many tiny hks (勾). He used thse qualities fr sme kind f fabric. And then Velcr was brn.
________ A high-speed train used t create great nise while exiting a tunnel because f the air pressure. Eiji Nakatsu, an engineer and bird-lver, was inspired by the kingfisher's beak (鸟嘴), able t dive int the water at great speed with almst n frictin, t create a new design. That's hw the mdern bullet train, much mre efficient and quieter, was brn.
Secndly, there wuld be the imitatin f Nature's strategies and mechanisms. Fr instance, dlphins have mastered the art f sending ut ultrasund (超声波) withut disturbing each ther. A team f researchers have analyzed the way dlphins adjust these frequencies. ________
Finally, there's the imitatin f the efficiency within an ecsystem. ________ Fr example, the street is full f tiny hles t empty water in flding seasns and the fundatins f buildings grasp the hillsides like the rts f trees.
A. One is the imitatin f shapes.
B. Peple imitate frests t build cities.
C. Fr instance, birds taught peple t fly.
D. He decided t get rid f these little burrs.
E. Then he bent dwn t inspect them clsely.
F. Urban areas cnsume mre energy than rural areas.
G. Based n the analysis, they designed a tsunami alarm system.
三、完形填空
6.完形填空
I was 17 years ld. Alng with a dzen ther bys I had made a lng trip t Iwa in rder t see a cllege that I was thinking f 1 . While the trip had been 2 fr the mst part, I was feeling depressed, alne, and islated. I was 3 the Appalachian muntains and the frests f my hme. I lved 4 the leaves turned a thusand 5 f green in the Spring and then became a 6 f red, gld and range in the Fall.
Here in Iwa everything was 7 . The grass lked burnt and brwn. All that I culd 8 was a mixture f crn, mud and pigs. I walked utside the drmitry f the cllege and sat n a big rck. I clsed my eyes and 9 being back hme again. When I finally pened them, hwever, I saw smething that tuched my 10 . It was a Prairie (大草原) Sunset. It seemed t 11 the sky frm hrizn t hrizn. Gld, red, purple and pink cluds all 12 tgether in a picture painted by Heaven's wn hand. It was s huge that it tk my 13 away. It made ur muntain sunsets seem 14 by cmparisn. I realized that this place t had its wn special beauty. This place t was a part f nature's 15 .
四、用单词的适当形式完成短文
7.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Thanks t Chinese streaming media platfrm iQiyi, Hikaru N G, a ________(dmestic) prduced 36-episde series based n the classic 1990s Japanese cmic f the same name was finally bradcast n TV. Despite the ________ (ppular) and mass appeal f the riginal cmic, until nw, n live-actin adaptatin f Hikaru N G ________ (realize).
In the stry, a Chinese by named Guang discvers a G (围棋) bard in which the spirit f an ancient master player is imprisned (监禁). The by is encuraged and taught by the ancient spirit, gradually ________ (becme) a master player himself.
The stry is like fantasy, ________ has a typically realistic backgrund, which may easily aruse strng emtin amng the Chinese audience. Fr example, the beginning f the tale is set in the late 1990s, ________ Suth Krea dminated the internatinal G wrld and China fell behind.
Accrding t the prducer, the series ________ (be) nt just fr G fans, but fr everyne. "In the stry, the players grw thrugh ________ (win) and lsing, and their emtins can be felt by the audience, wh als face challenges and try t seek achievement in________ wn lives," he says.
Nw its ranking f 8.4 frm a ttal f 10 pints n Duban prves that it is ________dmestic hit. Meanwhile, n scial media in Japan, it has been greeted with huge supprt and praise.
五、开放性作文
8.高考在即，你对未来的职业生涯有什么规划吗？班级的英语角正在进行相关话题的作文征集，请用英文简单介绍一下你将来想从事的专业、职业及原因。
注意：
1〕写作词数应为80左右；
2〕请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
六、读后续写
9.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
"Late again, Mavis! Hw many times have I tld yu t cme back in time t help me ck dinner?" asked Mrs. Muntari.
"But, mummy, I can't just walk ut in the middle f a game!" said Mavis, wh was nearly breathless after running all the way hme.
"Yu shuldn't be playing the game in the first place." Mrs. Muntari said as she stpped cking and lked at Mavis.
"But, mum, Why can't I? Yu never tell Adibe r Senz nt t play ftball. I had t leave the game at half time and rush back s yu wuldn't get crss with me," said Mavis.
"Yu're a girl! It is as simple as that. Bys and girls have different rles t play. I have 11 hungry muths t feed and I need yur help!" Mrs. Muntari tasted the sup. "Yu're the ldest girl, s it is yur jb t help me. Nw g and fry sme mre chicken. Kulu had t help me since yu were nt here. She burnt her finger and is still crying.
At the dinner table, Adibe and Senz were excitedly talking abut tday's game. They talked abut hw Mavis scred in the first half with a pwer sht frm the halfway line. It was a great gal as their team was lsing 1-0 at that time.
Dad came hme then and brught the bys a lcal newspaper, in which there was news abut ftball scuts (球探) frm England. These scuts were allwed t visit varius schls t lk fr players f the future. Adibe and Senz lked at each ther, cheered and even started arguing which ne wuld make it as a superstar.
Mavis knew that her parents wuld never allw her t play ftball. But she decided t secretly take this chance. She began t think abut what she culd d.
注意：
1〕续写词数应为150左右；
2〕请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Sn it came t the day when the scuts visited Mavis's schl.
……
When Mavis arrived at the playgrund, it was at half time.
答案解析局部
一、阅读选择
1.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四种地图类书籍，包括它们的内容、特点和价格。
〔1〕考查细节理解。根据Maps Special Editin局部中的“The cllectin f 68 maps takes yu thrugh 58 cuntries and six cntinents. It is packed with illustrated infrmatin, including famus histrical figures, lcal dishes, sme festivals, landmarks, etc.〞收集了68张地图，带你穿越58个国家和六大洲。它充满了图文并茂的信息，包括著名的历史人物、当地的菜肴、一些节日和地标等。可知，在“Maps Special Editin〞中，介绍了不同地方的历史人物、当地的菜肴、一些节日和地标等，“历史人物、当地的菜肴、一些节日和地标〞都属于一个地方的文化范畴，所以说，“Maps Special Editin〞包含了许多地方的文化。应选B。
〔2〕考查细节理解。根据Ushrne First Sticker Bk Flags局部中的“Learn the flag f every cuntry in the wrld by placing the flag sticker n the crrect cuntries n the maps.〞通过把国旗贴纸贴在地图上正确的国家上，学习世界上每个国家的国旗。可知，在“Ushrne First Sticker Bk Flags〞〞，应选D。
〔3〕考查推理判断。根据Maps Special Editin局部中的“This bk was already ppular in ur children's area and has been made even better with this special editin.〞这本书在我们的儿童区已经很受欢送了，而且这个特别版做得更好。可知，这本书在儿童区已经很受欢送了；Maps f the United Kingdm局部中的Technically aimed at children, it cntains lts f infrmatin and facts.〞从技术上讲是针对儿童的，它包含了大量的信息和事实。可知，从技术上讲“Maps f the United Kingdm〞是针对儿童的；Harry Ptter's Lndn局部中的“Harry Ptter's Lndn is a map that cvers infrmatin n three walks taken in the best f the central Lndn lcatins in the hugely ppular films.〞Harry Ptter's Lndn是一张地图，涵盖了极受欢送的电影中在伦敦市中心最正确位置拍摄的三次步行的信息。可知，“Harry Ptter's Lndn〞与受到孩子们欢送的电影有关；以及Ushrne First Sticker Bk Flags局部中的“Learn the flag f every cuntry in the wrld by placing the flag sticker n the crrect cuntries n the maps.〞通过把国旗贴纸贴在地图上正确的国家上，学习世界上每个国家的国旗。可知，孩子们可以用它学习世界上每个国家的国旗。综上所述，文中提到的四种地图类书籍都是适合孩子使用的，由此可知，年轻读者可能是地图的目标读者。应选C。
【点评】此题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
2.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，一开始，作者成绩比拟差，受到了同学们的嘲笑。后来，经过作者的努力，成功跳级。
〔1〕考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Prudly reading my wrds, I glanced arund the rm, nly t find my classmates bearing big smiles n their faces and tears in their eyes. and Miss Lancelt stne-faced〞我自豪地读着我的话，环顾了一下房间，发现我的同学脸上挂着灿烂的笑容，眼里噙着泪水，Lancelt小姐面无表情，可推出作者的同学认为他的报告很可笑，应选A。
〔2〕考查词义猜想。根据第一段中的“Prudly reading my wrds, I glanced arund the rm, nly t find my classmates bearing big smiles n their faces and tears in their eyes. and Miss Lancelt stne-faced〞我自豪地读着我的话，环顾了一下房间，发现我的同学脸上挂着灿烂的笑容，眼里噙着泪水，Lancelt小姐面无表情。可推断，作者的报告遭到了同学们的耻笑，因此推断划线句句意为：我慢慢地举起报告，希望能藏起自己，急迫地想要找出什么导致了人们这样，应选C。
〔3〕考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Quickly, I flashed back t the day Miss Lancelt gave me the task. This was the first real task I received in my new schl. It seemed simple: g n the Internet and find infrmatin abut a man named Gerge Washingtn. Since my idea f histry came frm an ancient teacher in my hme cuntry, I had never heard f that name befre.〞我飞快地回想起Lancelt小姐给我布置任务的那一天。这是我在新学校接受的第一个真正的任务。这看起来很简单；上网找一个叫乔治·华盛顿的人的信息。由于我的历史观来自于我国的一位古代老师，我以前从未听说过这个名字。可知，作者是不熟悉美国历史才导致找错了华盛顿，应选B。
〔4〕考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的〞 Cnsequently, I threw myself heartily int my wrk fr the rest f the schl year. Ten mnths later, that chance unflded as I fund myself sitting in the headmaster's ffice with my grandfather and the headmaster infrmed me f his apprval that I culd skip the sixth grade. Justice is sweet!〞 因此，我在全学年剩下的时间里尽情地投入到我的学习中去。十个月后，时机来了，我和祖父坐在校长办公室里，校长告诉我他同意我可以跳过六年级。正义是甜蜜的！可推断，作者是通过认真学习让校长给他跳级的时机的，也就是说最后学习取得了成功，发生了逆转，因此推断，作者说“正义是甜蜜的〞的意思自己的努力得到了认可，应选C。
【点评】此题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜想和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。
3.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，用比喻的方法讲述了深奥的基因组的理论。
〔1〕考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“If I wrte ut the human genme, ne letter per millimeter, my text wuld be as lng as the River Danube. This enrmus dcument, hwever, all fits inside the extremely small nucleus (核) f a tiny cell that fits easily upn the head f a pin (针尖).〞如果我写出人类基因组，每毫米一个字母，我的文本将有多瑙河那么长。然而，这份庞大的文件却都能装进一个极小细胞的极小细胞核里，而这个细胞核很容易就能装在大头针头上。可知，关于基因组，它在细胞核中。应选C。
〔2〕考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“A bk is a piece f digital infrmatin, written in ne-directinal frm and cntrlled by a system that translates a small alphabet (字母表) f letters int a large dictinary f meanings thrugh the rder f their grupings. S is a genme.〞一本书是一种单向书写的数字信息，由一个系统控制，该系统根据字母组合的顺序，将一小局部字母翻译成一个庞大的意义词典。基因组也是如此。可知，基因组就像一本书一样，两者都有翻译系统。应选D。
〔3〕考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“While English bks are written in wrds f different lengths using twenty-six letters, genmes are written entirely in three-letter wrds, using nly fur letters.〞英文书籍用26个字母写成不同长度的单词，而基因组那么完全用3个字母写成单词，只用了4个字母。可知，从第三段我们能了解到基因组几乎一样长。应选A。
〔4〕考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Imagine that the genme (基因组) is a bk. The bk cnsists f 23 chapters, with thusands f stries made up f paragraphs, wrds and letters n different levels. There are ne billin wrds in the bk, which makes it lnger than 500 dictinaries.〞想象基因组是一本书。全书共23章，由不同层次的段落、单词和字母组成的成千上万个故事。这本书里有10亿个单词，比500本字典还长。可知，作者要把基因组和一本书作比拟是为了简化概念。应选C。
【点评】此题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
4.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了为了建造有利于海洋生物的结构，一个名为“蓝色工程〞的工程被引入。作者介绍了这一工程的具体运作形式以及这一做法的意义。
〔1〕考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Fr much f ur histry, we have turned t “hard engineering〞 t cntrl the marine envirnment and manage its influence n us. We build dams, sea walls and channels. But all these effrts seem t fail, because we've nt been thinking abut design f structures with respect t eclgy.〞在人类历史的大局部时间里，我们求助于“硬工程〞来控制海洋环境并管理其对我们的影响。我们建造堤坝，海堤和渠道。但所有这些努力似乎都失败了，因为我们一直没有考虑到有关生态的结构设计。可知，“硬工程〞没有到达它的目的。应选C。
〔2〕考查词义猜想。根据第一段中的“But all these effrts seem t fail, because we've nt been thinking abut design f structures with respect t eclgy. Sme castal structures create shade, which reduces the grwth f seaweed.〞但所有这些努力似乎都失败了，因为我们一直没有考虑到有关生态的结构设计。一些沿海建筑形成荫蔽，这减少了海藻的生长，以及“Bright lights at night … species such as turtles〞可知，上文提到人们因为没有考虑生态结构设计，导致沿海建筑形成荫蔽，减少了海藻的生长，本句与上文并列也是在列举人类活动对海洋生物的一些不良影响，即夜晚明亮的灯光会伤害海龟等物种。故画线词意思是“伤害〞。应选A。
〔3〕考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“But all these effrts seem t fail, because we've nt been thinking abut design f structures with respect t eclgy. Sme castal structures create shade, which reduces the grwth f seaweed. Bright lights at night cntuse species such as turtles. That's why blue engineering cmes in.〞但所有这些努力似乎都失败了，因为我们一直没有考虑到有关生态的结构设计。一些沿海建筑形成荫蔽，这减少了海藻的生长。夜间明亮的灯光会伤害海龟等物种。这就是为什么要引进“蓝色工程〞的原因；以及倒数第二段中的“Researchers with the Wrld Harbur Prject are creating tiles similar t the natural structures fund n rcky shres with 3D printing technlgy. These make mre attractive hmes fr marine creatures. Researchers are als actively seeding these tiles with lcal seaweeds and creatures such as the Sydney rck yster, which is particularly gd at imprving water quality. 〞世界海港工程的研究人员正在用3D打印技术制作与岩石海岸上的自然结构类似的瓷砖。它们为海洋生物提供了更有吸引力的家园。研究人员还积极地在这些瓦片上播种当地的海藻和生物，如悉尼岩石牡蛎，它特别擅长改善水质，可推知，应选D。
〔4〕考查主旨大意。根据第二段“Jhnsn, a marine eclgist, is advcating fr ‘blue engineering’ — the marine versin f the ‘green engineering’ mvement n land that has seen natins like Singapre building the walls and rfs f the cncrete jungle with plant life.〞Jhnsn是一名海洋生态学家，他提倡“蓝色工程〞——陆地上“绿色工程〞运动的海洋版。在“绿色工程〞运动中，新加坡等国家用植物建造混凝土丛林的墙壁和屋顶，结合文章主要说明了为了建造有利于海洋生物的结构，一个名为“蓝色工程〞的工程被引入。文章介绍了这一工程的具体运作形式以及这一做法的意义。可知，这篇文章的主旨是关于“蓝色工程〞的研究。应选D。
【点评】此题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜想，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的根底上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
二、任务型阅读
5.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了人类是如何通过模仿大自然进行创造创造的。
〔1〕根据空前“Human beings learn technlgy frm nature. They tend t imitate it. 〞人类向大自然学习技术。他们倾向于模仿。可知，本段内容告诉我们人类向大自然学习技术，他们倾向于模仿。 C. Fr instance, birds taught peple t fly.“例如，鸟教人飞翔。〞承接上文，“鸟教人飞翔〞是人类通过模仿大自然进行创造创造的例子。应选C。
〔2〕根据空前“One f the first examples wuld be the inventin f Velcr 〞最早的例子之一是魔术贴的创造，可知，本段介绍的是魔术贴的创造过程；以及“On returning hme, he fund his scks were filled with little burrs (刺果). 〞回家后，他发现他的袜子上布满了小刺果。可知，小刺果粘到了他的袜子上。E. Then he bent dwn t inspect them clsely.“然后他弯下腰来仔细检查。〞承接上文，选项中“them〞代指上文提到的“little burrs〞，且能够引起下文“They were cvered by many tiny hks. 〞它们被许多小钩子覆盖着。检查后发现，它们被许多小钩子覆盖着。应选E。
〔3〕根据空后“A high-speed train used t create great nise while exiting a tunnel because f the air pressure. Eiji Nakatsu, an engineer and bird-lver, was inspired by the kingfisher's beak (鸟嘴), able t dive int the water at great speed with almst n frictin, t create a new design. That's hw the mdern bullet train, much mre efficient and quieter, was brn. 〞高速列车在驶出隧道时由于空气压力而产生巨大噪音。工程师和鸟类爱好者中松英二的灵感来自翠鸟的鸟嘴，它能以几乎没有摩擦的速度潜入水中，创造了一种新的设计。现代的子弹头列车就是这样诞生的，效率更高，噪音更低。可知，本段介绍了工程师和鸟类爱好者中松英二模仿翠鸟的鸟嘴的形状，创造了现代的子弹头列车，效率更高，噪音更低。A. One is the imitatin f shapes.“一是模仿形状。〞符合段落主旨，模仿鸟嘴的形状创造子弹头列车，正是一种对形状的模仿。应选A。
〔4〕根据空前“Secndly, there wuld be the imitatin f Nature's strategies and mechanisms. Fr instance, dlphins have mastered the art f sending ut ultrasund (超声波) withut disturbing each ther. A team f researchers have analyzed the way dlphins adjust these frequencies. 〞其次，模仿自然的策略和机制。例如，海豚已经掌握了在互不干扰的情况下发出超声波的艺术。一组研究人员分析了海豚调节这些频率的方式。可知，本段介绍了人类模仿自然的策略和机制进行的创造，并举出海豚在互不干扰的情况下发出超声波的例子。G. Based n the analysis, they designed a tsunami alarm system.“根据分析，他们设计了海啸警报系统。〞承接上文，选项中的“analysis〞和上文的“analyzed〞相照应，在分析了海豚调节频率的方式后，他们设计了海啸警报系统。应选G。
〔5〕根据空后“Fr example, the street is full f tiny hles t empty water in flding seasns and the fundatins f buildings grasp the hillsides like the rts f trees. 〞例如，街道上满是在洪水季节用来排水的小孔，建筑物的地基像树根一样抓住山坡。可知，“用来排水的小孔〞和“像树根一样的地基〞都是对森林生态系统的模仿。B. Peple imitate frests t build cities.“人们模仿森林来建造城市。〞能够引起下文，“用来排水的小孔〞和“像树根一样的地基〞都是模仿森林的例子，人类正是通过这种方式来建造城市。应选B。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇科普类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的根底上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
三、完形填空
6.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，作者参观了自己正在考虑就读的大学，起初对于那里的风景感到失望，但后来为那里的落日震撼，由此感慨，每个地方，都是大自然创造出的独特的美。
〔1〕句意：我和其他十几个男孩长途跋涉到爱荷华州，就是为了参观一所我想上的大学。A. quitting“退出，离任〞；B. visiting“参观〞；C. attending“参加，上〔学〕〞；D. explring“探索〞。根据上文“a cllege〞可知，此处指作者想“上〞的大学。应选C。
〔2〕句意：虽然这次旅行在很大程度上很有趣，但我感到沮丧、孤独和孤立。A. fun“有趣的〞；B. hard“艰难的〞；C. plain“平常的〞；D. tiresme“令人厌烦的〞。根据句首“While〞转折的语义以及下文“I was feeling depressed, alne, and islated.〞中表达“不愉快，无趣〞的词语可知，此处应指“令人快乐的，有趣的〞旅行。应选A。
〔3〕句意：我想念家乡的阿巴拉契亚山脉和森林。A. assuming“假设〞；B. picturing“描绘〞；C. reminding“提醒〞；D. missing“想念〞。根据上文“I was feeling depressed, alne, and islated.〞可知，作者的心情不愉悦，结合下文“the frests f my hme〞可知，作者是想念家乡。应选D。
〔4〕句意：我喜欢树叶〔如何〕在春天变成千姿百态的绿色，然后〔又如何〕在秋天变成一片红色、金色和橙色的海洋。A. if“如果，是否〞；B. where“在哪里〞；C. why“为什么〞；D. hw“怎样，多么〞。这里hw表示“方式〞，作者亲眼目睹过春天山林里，叶子是如何呈现各种绿色，又是如何在秋天变成一片五彩斑斓的海洋的。应选D。
〔5〕句意：我喜欢树叶在春天变成各种不同深浅的绿色，然后在秋天变成一片红色、金色和橙色的海洋。A. shapes“形状〞；B. shades“〔色彩的〕浓淡，深浅，色度〞；C. shadws“影子〞；D. sheets“床单〞。根据下文“f green〞可知，这里指深浅不同的绿色。应选B。
〔6〕句意：我喜欢树叶在春天变成千姿百态的绿色，然后在秋天变成一片红色、金色和橙色的海洋。A. fld“洪水〞；B. clud“云〞；C. sea“海，许多，大量〞；D. blanket“毯子〞。a sea f固定短语，“大量的〞应选C。
〔7〕句意：在爱荷华州这里，一切都是单调无趣的。A. easy“容易的〞；B. flat“平淡的，单调的，枯燥的〞；C. beautiful“美丽的〞；D. tugh“艰难的，坚韧的〞。根据上文“I lved 4 the leaves turned a thusand 5 f green in the Spring and then became a 6 f red, gld and range in the Fall.〞可知，作者想念家乡的五彩斑斓的景色；以及下文“The grass lked burnt and brwn. All that I culd 8 was a mixture f crn, mud and pigs.〞可知，作者认为这里的一切都是单调无趣的。应选B。
〔8〕句意：我只能闻到玉米、泥土和猪的混合气味。A. hear“听见〞；B. tuch“触摸〞；C. taste“品尝〞；D. smell“闻〞。根据上文“The grass lked burnt and brwn.〞可知，上文说的是眼睛看到的，这里指鼻子能闻到的，应选D。
〔9〕句意：我闭上眼睛，梦想着再次回家。A. cared abut“关心〞；B. dreamed f“梦想〞；C. prepared fr“为……准备〞；D. lked ver“从〔某物上〕看过去〞。根据上文可知，作者想念家乡的美景，讨厌这里的一切，所以闭上眼睛，梦想回到了家乡。应选B。
〔10〕句意：然而，当我最终睁开它们时，我看到了触动我灵魂的东西。A. bdy“身体〞；B. hand“手〞；C. face“脸〞；D. sul“灵魂〞。根据上文“hwever〞转折的语义和下文“It was a Prairie (大草原) Sunset. It seemed t 11 the sky frm hrizn t hrizn.〞可知，作者睁开双眼，草原的落日等景色触动了他的灵魂。应选D。
〔11〕句意：它似乎布满了从地平线到地平线的天空。A. fill“装满〞；B. break“打破〞；C. separate“分开〞；D. blck“填塞〞。根据下文“Gld, red, purple and pink cluds all 12 tgether in a picture painted by Heaven's wn hand.〞可知，这里指夕阳照耀下五彩的云布满了天空。应选A。
〔12〕句意：金、红、紫、粉的云朵在一起流动，形成了一幅上帝亲手绘制的图画。A. flded“折叠〞；B. sank“漂浮〞；C. flwed“流出〞；D. escaped“逃脱〞。根据常识可知，云彩不是固定不动的，这里指云彩瞬息万变，像是在一幅画里流动着。应选C。
〔13〕句意：它是如此之大，以至于让我无法呼吸。A. pain“疼痛〞；B. breath“呼吸〞；C. wealth“财富〞；D. eyesight“视力〞。大草原夕阳彩云之美，令作者非常震惊，这里是夸张的说法，震惊到无法呼吸的程度。应选B。
〔14〕句意：相比之下，我们山上的日落显得微缺乏道。A. splendid“极好的〞；B. pale“苍白的〞；C. tiny“极小的〞；D. weak“虚弱的〞。根据上文“It was s huge that it tk my 13 away.〞可知，此处指作者家乡山上的落日相比之下，是极小的，和“huge 〞相对。应选C。
〔15〕句意：这个地方也是大自然创造的一局部。A. creatin“创造〞；B. punishment“惩罚〞；C. change“改变〞；D. reflectin“反思，反映〞。根据上文“I realized that this place t had its wn special beauty.〞可知，这个地方的美景对于作者来说也是从未经历过的，也是大自然所创造的独特美景。应选A。
【点评】考查完形填空，此题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，连词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇人生感悟类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的根底上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
四、用单词的适当形式完成短文
7.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了根据上世纪90年代日本同名经典漫画改编的国产36集连续剧?棋魂?，及它上映后的反响。
〔1〕句意：得益于中国流媒体平台爱奇艺，根据上世纪90年代日本同名经典漫画改编的国产36集连续剧?棋魂?终于在电视上播出了。过去分词prduced应用副词修饰，故填dmestically。
〔2〕句意：尽管原版漫画很受欢送，也很有吸引力，但到目前为止，还没有一部真人版的?棋魂?被改编。此空在句中作Despite的宾语，应用名词，故填ppularity。
〔3〕句意：尽管原版漫画很受欢送，也很有吸引力，但到目前为止，还没有一部真人版的?棋魂?被改编。根据句意和句中“until nw〞可知，句中的动作开始于过去，持续到现在，应用现在完成时，句子主语“live-actin adaptatin f Hikaru N G〞与“realize〞之间为被动关系，故应用现在完成的被动语态，句式为“主语+has/have been+动词过去分词+其他〞，主语“live-actin adaptatin f Hikaru N G〞为可数名词单数形式，与has连用，realize的过去分词为realized。故填has been realized。
〔4〕句意：这个男孩受到古代精神的鼓励和教导，逐渐成为一名高手。The by与becme之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，应用现在分词，在句中作状语，故填becming。
〔5〕句意：这个故事像梦想，但有一个典型的现实背景，很容易引起中国观众的强烈情感。根据句意可知，句中“这个故事像梦想〞和“有一个典型的现实背景〞之间为转折关系，虽然这个故事像梦想，但有一个典型的现实背景，故空格处应用连词but，表转折。故填but。
〔6〕句意：例如，故事开始于20世纪90年代末，当时韩国主导了国际围棋世界，而中国落在了后面。根据句意和句子结构可知，句子为非限制性定语从句，先行词为“the late 1990s〞，在从句中作时间状语，故应用关系副词when引导从句。故填when。
〔7〕句意：据制作人说，这个系列节目不仅仅是为围棋迷准备的，而是为每个人准备的。根据句意可知，句子陈述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，句子主语“series〞意为“系列节目〞，名词词性，谓语动词用单数，故填is。
〔8〕句意：他说：“在故事中，球员们在输赢中成长，观众也能感受到他们的情绪，他们也面临挑战，努力在自己的生活中寻求成就。〞此空在句中作介词thrugh的宾语，应用动名词，故填winning。
〔9〕句意：他说：在故事中，球员们在输赢中成长，观众也能感受到他们的情绪，他们也面临挑战，努力在他们的生活中寻求成就。ne's wn“某人自己的〞，此处应用形容词性物主代词，故填their。
〔10〕句意：现在它在豆瓣上评分8.4分，总分为10分，这证明它是国内的热门。hit“受欢送的人〔或事物〕〞，为可数名词，句中泛指“一个〞热门，故应用不定冠词修饰，dmestic单词音标的第一音素为辅音音素，应用不定冠词a修饰，故填a。
【点评】考查语法填空，此题考点涉及副词，名词，时态语态，非谓语动词，连词，定语从句，主谓一致，代词以及冠词等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的根底上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
五、开放性作文
8.【解析】【分析】此题是一篇记叙文写作，写作背景：高考在即，你对未来的职业生涯有什么规划吗？班级的英语角正在进行相关话题的作文征集，请用英文简单介绍一下你将来想从事的专业、职业及原因。此题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：With ur graduatin drawing near, I've made up my mind abut my majr and future career.运用了with的复合结构；My plan is t learn cmputer engineering and becme a cmputer prgrammer. 运用了并列句；Firstly, I'm keen n cmputer engineering and believe it will surely be an essential field later. 运用了宾语从句；In additin, girl as I am, mathematics and physics are my favrites, which may lay a slid fundatin fr me t learn cmputer science.运用了让步状语从句，非限制性定语从句。
六、读后续写
9.【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读文章可知，讲述了女孩梅维丝喜欢足球，并且踢得很棒，但是家人认为女孩应该在家里帮着做家务，看着其它男孩子们尽情踢足球，梅维丝想要抓住球探寻求未来球星的时机说服父母去踢足球的故事。续写第一段开头为：很快，球探就来参观梅维丝的学校。可知，第一段可描写梅维丝寻找时机去学校见球探的经过。续写第二段开头为：当梅维丝来到操场时，已经是中场休息时间了。可知，第二段可描写梅维丝努力踢球，获得好成绩，证明了足球从来不只是男孩的游戏。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动饱满，同时运用了许多高级词汇和固定短语，提高文章的档次，表达了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。例如：The bys had left fr the cmpetitin, yet Mavis had t help her mum d the dishes.运用了转折并列句； While she was racking her brains fr a way t sneak ut, she heard her little sister crying suddenly. 运用了时间状语从句； Despite knwing that her parents might get crss with her, she quickly rushed ut and ran all the way t schl.运用了宾语从句； She nticed ne player had his knees terribly injured and the cach was wrried.运用了宾语从句； Thugh it was unbelievable t let a girl play, the cach agreed. 运用了让步状语从句；During the secnd half, Mavis defended keenly and ran flexibly, and she made an amazing sht that caught the attentin f the scuts! 运用了并列句，让步状语从句；When the game was ver, the scuts all std up and clapped their hands. 运用了时间状语从句； She was pretty sure that ftball was never just a game fr bys.运用了名词性从句。1. A. quitting
B. visiting
C. attending
D. explring
2. A. fun
B. hard
C. plain
D. tiresme
3. A. assuming
B. picturing
C. reminding
D. missing
4. A. if
B. where
C. why
D. hw
5. A. shapes
B. shades
C. shadws
D. sheets
6. A. fld
B. clud
C. sea
D. blanket
7. A. easy
B. flat
C. beautiful
D. tugh
8. A. hear
B. tuch
C. taste
D. smell
9. A. cared abut
B. dreamed f
C. prepared fr
D. lked ver
10. A. bdy
B. hand
C. face
D. sul
11. A. fill
B. break
C. separate
D. blck
12. A. flded
B. sank
C. flwed
D. escaped
13. A. pain
B. breath
C. wealth
D. eyesight
14. A. splendid
B. pale
C. tiny
D. weak
15. A. creatin
B. punishment
C. change
D. reflectin