2021届上海市松江区高三英语质量抽查试卷及答案

这是一份2021届上海市松江区高三英语质量抽查试卷及答案，共15页。试卷主要包含了用单词的适当形式完成短文，选用适当的单词或短语补全短文，完形填空，阅读选择，任务型阅读，概要写作，汉译英〔整句〕，提纲类作文等内容，欢迎下载使用。
1.Directins: After reading the passage belw, fill in the blanks t make the passage cherent and grammatically crrect. Fr the blanks with a given wrd, fill in each blank with the prper frm f the given wrd; fr the ther blanks, use ne wrd that best fits each blank.
Hw t Becme a Mrning Persn?
Yu have grand ambitins: t start a business, t write a bk. But chances are yu wrk lng hurs, r husehld respnsibilities cnsume yur days. By the time yu finish all yu have t d, yu will have had n energy ________anything yu want t d beynd turning n the TV.
Yet sme busy peple d make time fr their pririties. The secret is giving the mst attentin t ________at the very beginning f a day. They get up earlier than they have t. Mrning by mrning, they make prgress n smething ________matters.
It's nt fun t frce yurself ut f bed, but these early hurs are ften the best time t d things fr yurself. With a little schedule rerganizatin, ________(becme) a mrning persn is mre dable than yu think.
I first learned that mrnings ________be transfrmatinal years ag, when I was studying a busy lawyer's schedule. She wanted t spend mre time with her sn, but she had little cntrl ver when she left wrk. This state f affairs kept her sad ________she realized she and her sn were bth early risers and the mrning time culd be made full use f. After thinking it thrugh, the lawyer decided t get up even earlier. Then, when the by stepped int the dining rm, she ________(finish) preparing a rich breakfast s they tw culd enjy the meal t the fullest tgether.
Mrnings are als great fr fcused thinking. Getup an hur earlier, and yu can knck ut yur mst imprtant task f the day. Or yu can spare sme time fr thse creative desires ________(bury) deep in yur heart and hard t nurture.
But many will argue：I'm nt a mrning persn! The fact is that there are nt s many true night wls. When mst peple take an hnest lk at ________they're spending the hurs befre bed, they'll find they have wasted much time n the TV prgrams they dn't mean ________(watch). Als, they ften brwse thrugh phts n scial media f peple they didn't like in high schl anyway.
A better apprach is t sleep earlier, rise earlier and turn unprductive evening hurs int prductive mrning hurs.
二、选用适当的单词或短语补全短文
2.Directins：Fill in each blank with a prper wrd chsen frm the bx. Each wrd can be used nly nce. Nte that there is ne wrd mre than yu need.
New Yrk and New Tax
Accrding t a Manhattan Institute survey, mre than half f high-earning New Yrkers are wrking entirely frm hme and 44% are cnsidering leaving the city. Ned Lamnt, Cnnecticut's gvernr, has said "the ld idea f the cmmuter(通勤者) ging int New Yrk City five days a week may be utdated." It des seem ________ that the tens f thusands cmmuting frm Mr. Lamnt's state will cntinue t d s. The regin's gvernrs have ________well tgether t deal with the pandemic(流行病), but the friendliness may sn end ver taxes.
When peple frm ________states like New Jersey and Cnnecticut cmmute t New Yrk t wrk fr a New Yrk-based emplyer, they must pay New Yrk tax n the related earned incme. Even thse wh wrk frm hme must pay New Yrk taxes unless the emplyee is wrking utside New Yrk by ________.
Taxpayers and thse states are lking clsely at this lphle(漏洞). In December, Cnnecticut and New Jersey applied t the Supreme Curt t cnsider a case which ________a state's authrity t tax nn-residents' incme while they are wrking remtely. They think this is definitely a(n) ________ t the city's finances. "Firms have cnsidered leaving the city befre, and emplyees are gradually accepting the idea. They have been wrking remtely fr almst ten mnths and they've ________t that idea."
Cmpanies are als watching the prgressin f the billinaire Mark t Market Tax Act, which wuld treat capital ________frm billinaires' prperty as taxable incme. New Yrk's Demcratic gvernr said he wuld reject any laws ________heavy taxes n the rich, because it wuld drive ut wealthy, mbile residents. It wuld nt take t many mving trucks fr the city t feel the ecnmic lss, says Michael Hendrix. A 5% ________f New Yrkers making abut $10,000 wuld result in an annual lss f $933m—rughly the amunt distributed t the city's health department.
三、完形填空
3.完形填空
Certainty：Over-rated and Over-rewarded
Type the wrds "kind f" r "perhaps" int an email in Micrsft Outlk and the prgram might well tell yu t think again. If the Al-pwered "Micrsft Editr" judges that yu are nt sunding 1 enugh, it will sn give yu a wrd f warning:" Wrds expressing uncertainty will 2 yur impact."
T me, this suggestin precisely expresses smething we've gt wrng in sciety. We live in a wrld that 3 thse wh speak with cnfidence-even when that is misplaced-and gives very little pprtunity t perfrm t thse wh 4 dubt. "We tend t listen t thse experts wh tell us a simple, clear and cnfident stry. Why? Because that's 5 satisfying," says Dan Gardner, authr f Future Babble, "That's saying let me sweep away the uncertainty fr yu'."
Research shws that the human brain is "prgrammed" t hate 6 : a 2021 study fund that when vlunteers were given electric shcks, their stress levels were highest when they had n idea whether they were ging t be given a shck-higher even than subjects wh were tld they wuld 7 get ne.
We shuld first knw that while cnfident-sunding experts might be giving us what ur brains desire, the 8 they are prviding is prbably false. Psychlgist Philip Tetlck divided up frecasters int "fxes" and "hedgehgs". Fxes cnsider all srts f different appraches sand perspectives, and cmbine thse int distinct cnclusins. 9 , hedgehgs tend t view the wrld thrugh the lens f ne single defining idea. That makes the hedgehgs 10 frecasters but mre likely t get attentin.
Perhaps we care less abut the truth and mre abut enjying sme sense f 11 hwever shrt-lived that might be. But wuldn't it be better if we held experts t accunt? Mr. Gardner suggests tagging speakers with sme kind f recrd f previus 12 much as we are given perfrmance statistics fr racehrses r baseball players.
Highly cnfident statements als 13 plarizatin (两极化), encuraging thers t respnd in the same kind f language when they disagree. "There's a natural tendency t push back with equal amunts f 14 says Daniel Drezner, a plitical scientist.
Is it time t give a bit mre attentin t the 15 ? Full f certainty n the need t stp paying s much attentin t thse expressing certainty, I say yes.
四、阅读选择
4.阅读理解
Hazel Mayfield usually cks the Thanksgiving meal fr her extended family in Hustn, Texas. She usually welcmes friends and neighbrs wh are eager t taste her fried turkey, green bean casserle, candied yams, hmemade crnbread dressing, and dirty rice-just a few f her signature dishes. Knwn as Sugar Mama, because her grandchildren think she's s sweet, the 91-year-ld typically likes t d her wn shpping fr the ingredients t make her special dishes.
"My mther is the head ck f the family," said Panulette Mutn, Mayfield's daughter. "Because f her reputatin, yu knw, there're peple in and ut all day and every family cmes thrugh. They want t get sme f Sugar Mama's cking, and sme f them wuld like t learn frm her hw t ck the fd."
But Mayfield hasn't been t the grcery stre since March. And there is little abut Thanksgiving in 2021 that's usual. Because f Cvid-19, the deadly virus that has killed millins in the U.S. and spiled life arund the wrld, everything is different. Since limiting clse face-t-face cntact with thers is the best way t reduce its spread, hundreds f thusands f American families have re-imagined the hliday with virtual celebratins and canceled r delayed travel plans. There can nly be small gatherings with peple in their husehlds in respnse t COVID-19.
This year, Mayfield's family members, withut exceptin, are lamenting the absence f a big gathering. They've explained t their yung children and grandchildren why this year's Thanksgiving is different. Mayfield's yungest daughter, Michelle Sanders, says it's tugh t help her grandchildren understand why they can't see sme f their ther family members and why they have t stay at hme, celebrating Thanksgiving all by themselves.
"It's really hard, trying t explain t them," Sanders said. "When-yu're talking t them and they want t cme ver, yu have t tell them n. They really dn't knw hw t be careful." Sanders added, "And, they dn't understand that, being three, fur, and six, yu knw they dn't really understand that. S, it''s really, really hard, and heartbreaking."
〔1〕Accrding t the passage, Hazel Mayfield is ________.
A.helpful and kind-hearted
B.stubbrn and enthusiastic
C.talented and instructive
D.grateful and sensitive
〔2〕The underlined wrd in paragraph 4 can be best replaced by ________.
A.fascinated by
B.upset abut
C.ignrant f
D.embarrassed at
〔3〕What can we infer frm what Sanders said in the last paragraph?
A.Children are t yung t understand the situatin.
B.Children are always careless n Thanksgiving Day.
C.It's tugh t help children vercme their prblems.
D.Adults shuld shw patience when talking with kids.
〔4〕What d we knw abut the effect f COVID-19 accrding t the passage?
A.Peple are cutting dwn hliday celebratin expenses.
B.Peple are trying hard t get tgether t have mre fun.
C.Peple have t make changes in their lifestyle t stay safe.
D.Peple have put mre emphasis n the traditinal custms.
5.阅读理解
Here are fur bks recmmended by ne f the mst respected editrs frm Reader's Digest. If yu have time t dip yurselves int the bks, they can surely ffer much fd fr thught.
Face It
Debbie Harry
HARPERCOLLINS
Picture this: it's the late 1970s and the punk music scene is starting t take hld. The band releases the album ParallelLines, which becmes the greatest hit. Everyne wants t attend her cncert and sme teenage girls even dream t be her. Nw 75, Harry bares all abut herself in Face It, starting frm her childhd. Part shcking, this bk is as humrus, mving and vigrus as its subject.
Scatterbrain
Henning Beck
NEWSOUTHBOOKS
If there is n bvius cnnectin amng what we see, the brain will substitute in the rest f the infrmatin withut yu even nticing, Beck says in the chapter Memry. In this "user's guide fr yur brain", he argues that mistakes are the keys t success. He cmbines science with brain-bsting advice and real-life stries t take the reader n a fascinating adventure thrugh human memry.
Yu're Nt Listening
Kate Murphy
PENGUINERANDOM HOUSE
When was the last time yu listened t smene? Really listened withut thinking abut what yu wanted t say next? And when was the last time smene really listened t yu? Cmpared with talking, listening isn't cnsidered s imprtant, argues jurnalist Kate Murphy, but she insists it is actually the mre pwerful psitin in cmmunicatin. Her insights culd transfrm yur cnversatins, yur relatinships and yur life.
The Right-Brain Wrk Out
Russel Hwcrft with Alex Wadeltn
PENGUIN
In 1968,1600 five-year-lds were given a creativity test. They were retested at ages 10 and 15 and their scres were cmpared against adults. While 98 per cent f five-year-lds were assessed in the "highly creative" range (genius level), nly tw per cent f adults culd be cnsidered "highly creative". In The Right-Brain Wrk Out, the authrs prmise t re-train yur brain t be mre creative, using 70 questins t challenge yu.
〔1〕What can we learn frm the passage?
A.Parallel Lines became a great success in the 1970s unexpectedly.
B.Face It mainly reveals things abut the band t the general public.
C.Scatterbrain helps stimulate yur brain t take mre adventures.
D.Beck hlds that the imprtance f mistakes shuldn't be ignred.
〔2〕In The Right-Brain Wrk Out, which f the fllwing is true?
A.Tw tests were given separately t the subjects.
B.The effect f the brain exercise is clearly prved.
C.Sme questins are designed t enhance creativity.
D.Genius kids reserve their creativity int adulthd.
〔3〕Yu will recmmend ________ t a clleague having difficulty in getting alng well with thers.
A.Face It
B.Scatterbrain
C.Yu're Nt Listening
D.The Right-Brain Wrk Out
6.阅读理解
Every prfessin r trade, every art, and every science has its technical vcabulary, the functin f which is partly t name things, r prcesses which have n names in rdinary English, and partly t secure greater exactness in terminlgy (术语). Such special dialects are necessary in technical discussin f any kind. Being universally understd by thse engaged r interested in the particular science r art, they have the accurateness f a mathematical frmula (公式〕. Besides，they save time in these kinds f discussins, fr it is much mre ecnmical t name a prcess than t describe it. Thusands f these technical terms are very prperly included in every large dictinary, yet, as a whle, they are rather in the suburbs f the English language.
Different ccupatins, hwever, differ widely in the character f their special vcabularies. In trades and handicrafts, and ther prfessins, like farming and fishery, which have ccupied great numbers f men frm remte times, the technical vcabulary is very ld. It cnsists largely f native wrds, r f brrwed wrds that have wrked themselves int the very central part f ur language. Thus, thugh highly technical in many particulars, these vcabularies are mre familiar in sund, and mre generally understd, than mst ther technical terms. In law, medicine, and philsphy, the special dialects have als becme pretty familiar t cultivated persns and have cntributed much t the ppular vcabulary. Yet amng these prfessins, each ne still pssesses a large bdy f technical terms that remain essentially freign, even t educated speech. And the prprtin has increased in the last fifty years, particularly in the varius departments f natural and plitical science and in the mechanic arts. Here new terms are cined with the greatest freedm, and abandned when they have served their turn. Mst f the newly-invented terms are restricted t special discussins, and seldm get int general literature r cnversatin.
Yet n prfessin is nwadays, as all prfessins nce were, a clse cmbinatin. Lawyers, dctrs and men f science all cmmunicate freely with thers, nt in a merely prfessinal way. Furthermre, what is called "ppular science" makes everybdy familiar with mdem views and recent discveries. Any imprtant experiment, thugh made in a remte r prvincial labratry, is at nce reprted nline, and everybdy is sn talking abut it-as in the case f AI.
〔1〕What des the underlined sentence in the first paragraph mean?
A.Technical terms which are nt easy t use prperly will nt be welcme.
B.Peple wh live in dwntwn dn't have a preference fr technical terms.
C.Technical terms are nt widely emplyed thugh cmmn in dictinaries.
D.Suburban peple favr technical terms fr they ften appear in dictinaries.
〔2〕What can be inferred frm the secnd paragraph?
A.There are mre ancient wrds in trades and handicrafts than in philsphy.
B.Mst newly invented terms are usually put int use in daily cnversatins.
C.Mst new technical terms will be abandned fr few can understand them.
D.Educated peple are familiar with the special dialects in technlgical fields.
〔3〕Which f the fllwing can best summarize the last paragraph?
A.Technical terms take n a rather different lk as mdem sciety develps quickly.
B.Peple can well cmprehend technical terms withut much prfessinal knwledge.
C.Interchange amng prfessins and faster spread f infrmatin ppularize technical terms.
D.Advanced ways f cmmunicatin give a helping hand t the rapid spread f technical terms.
〔4〕Accrding t the passage, we can cnclude that ________.
A.there were nce clser relatinships amng different prfessins
B.using technical vcabularies in daily discussins is truble-saving
C.the main functin f technical terms is t name newly-invented things
D.ne reasn why technical terms cme int being is t ensure accuracy
五、任务型阅读
7.Directins：Cmplete the fllwing passage by using the sentences in the bx. Each sentence can nly be used nce. Nte that there are tw sentences mre than yu need.
Face up t Reality
Calls t stp the use f face recgnitin technlgy are grwing luder, but it is already t late. Given its widespread use by tech cmpanies and the plice, a permanent rll back is impssible.
The Eurpean Cmmissin is cnsidering temprarily banning the use f the technlgy in public spaces, giving pliticians in Eurpe time t develp measures t reduce the ptential risks f face recgnitin systems. Sme US cities, such as San Francisc, have already implemented bans.
________Public areas make up a small prprtin f the physical spaces we inhabit. What abut the many that are privately wned, such as shps, schls and museums, in which face recgnitin is steadily being rlled ut, smetimes withut ur knwledge?
Mst f us nw assciate face recgnitin with CCTV cameras〔闭路电视摄像机〕. ________ Facebk, fr example, runs face recgnitin n users' phts t autmatically identify them in ther images n the site, which has been functining fr years. Russian search engine Yandex has a smart search functin that, given ne image f a face, can find pictures nline f the same persn even in different pses and lighting cnditins.
Other cncerns relate t the fact that the technlgy is imperfect. An independent analysis f a face recgnitin trial by Lndn's Metrplitan Plice fund that 81 per cent f matches the system flagged t a watch list f suspects were incrrect. ________
S what is the pssible slutin? When we cnsider bth the rate at which the technlgy is develping and its widespread use nwadays, it is crystal-clear that a ban n its use in public spaces wuld be t little, t late.
________A set f effective rules n when and hw it can be used needs t be decided quickly. Face recgnitin technlgy is here t stay; implementing a temprary ban wuld be the regulatry equivalent f burying ur faces in the sand.
A. This applies t face recgnitin, as is ften the case.
B. As a matter f fact, it is advancing in the nline field, t.
C. What face recgnitin needs is strict and urgent regulatin.
D. But the prhibitins are s limited that they are hardly bans at all.
E. And it's even less accurate fr sme minrities, which risks wrsening racial issues.
F. Cmpanies cannt let market make a final decisin n the future f new technlgy.
六、概要写作
8.Directins: Read the fllwing passage. Summarize the main idea and the main pint(s) f the passage in n mre than 60 wrds. Use yur wn wrds as far as pssible.
Wildlife Prtectin, Anything Wrng?
Sme f the Earth's creatures die mainly because f humans' chices. These chices have nthing t d with fd r shelter r anything else that helps humans survive. What kills millins f animals all ver the wrld is that humans want t make mney by ding s. Peple use parts f animals fr everything frm hats t handbags, frm jewelry t ashtrays and t make pwders that suppsedly imprve a persn's life.
It is cmfrting t nte that in the past decades, saving endangered animals has becme a ppular cause. Let's take saving elephants as an example. Fr a lng while in the late 1980s, wildlife prtectin grups made sure everyne saw pictures r films f elephants with their faces cut ff fr their ivry. These grups als prved that certain ppulatins f elephants are decreasing. As a result, mst peple stpped buying bjects made f ivry. Laws against paching (偷猎) were made strnger. Many cuntries made imprting ivry illegal. Killing elephants fr their ivry became mre risky and less prfitable.
Hwever, deciding that a species is endangered and prtecting it by law are nt always enugh, as cncern fr certain species will becme weak after a while. In the late 1970s, peple prtested against the killing f seal babies. Everyne was shcked t see yung seals being killed in their icy habitat. The cruel activity stpped. But ten years later, the number f seal babies killed was higher than ever.
Other animal prtecting mvements have cme and gne, such as saving the whales and prtecting dlphins. The whale ppulatin appears t have increased fr nw. And the laws are finally changed in America t prtect the dlphins that swim with tuna fish in parts f the Pacific Ocean. In the years t cme, peple's fcus will prbably turn t sme ther endangered species. During this time, will the elephants be frgtten?
七、汉译英〔整句〕
9.该应用程序一上市就引发了热议。〔aruse〕〔汉译英〕
10.这幅画栩栩如生，乍一看还以为是照片。(S...) (汉译英)
11.我一直相信一个人睡眠充足了才能更好地抵御负面情绪。〔cnvince〕〔汉译英〕
12.如今大家都逐步意识到健康饮食的重要性，过年时不像以前那样胡吃海喝了。〔aware〕〔汉译英〕
八、提纲类作文
13.Directins：Write an English cmpsitin in 120-150 wrds accrding t the instructins given belw in Chinese.
假设你是张华，在市区读初中的表弟李峰下周末方案到松江游玩。他在松江博物馆〔SngJiang Museum〕和辰山植物园〔Chenshan Btanical Garden〕两个景点间犹豫不决，想听听你的意见。请你写一份邮件给他，推荐其中一个景点并说明理由。
答案解析局部
一、用单词的适当形式完成短文
1.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，作者建议我们成为早起的人，把低效的晚上变成高效的早上。
【点评】考查语法填空，此题考点涉及介词，代词，定语从句，非谓语动词，情态动词，状语从句，时态，宾语从句等多个知识点的考查，是一篇人生感悟类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的根底上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
二、选用适当的单词或短语补全短文
2.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，讲述了在疫情之下，纽约市对远程工作的非居民收入征税的一些看法以及征税所带来的影响。
【点评】考查选词填空，考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力,答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意，然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。最后通读一遍检查验证。
三、完形填空
3.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，论述了表达不确定性的词会影响你的影响力，鼓励人们像狐狸一样考虑不同的方法和观点，并把它们结合成不同的结论。
【点评】考查完形填空，此题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的根底上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
四、阅读选择
4.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，报道了疫情期间，美国人民过了与往常不一样的感恩节。
【点评】此题考点涉及词义猜想和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
5.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了?读者文摘?一位最受尊敬的编辑推荐的四本书。
【点评】此题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
6.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了特殊的方言在各行业的作用和开展以及专业术语产生的原因。
【点评】此题考点涉及细节理解，句义猜想和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。
五、任务型阅读
7.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了人脸识别技术应用广泛但技术不完善以及管理措施的调整。
【点评】考查任务型阅读，本文是一篇科技类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的根底上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
六、概要写作
8.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇概要写作。写作步骤
1〕细读原文。首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握文章主旨。人类对财富的贪婪是一些物种濒危的主要原因。幸运的是，人们已经采取措施保护它们。然而，随着人们对濒危动物关注的转移，这些努力还远远不够，必须不断努力保护它们。
2〕弄清结构，归纳段意。概要写作是写全文概要，不是写某一局部的概要，或者就某些问题写出要点。
3〕列出原文要点。分析原文的内容和结构，将内容分项扼要表述并注意在结构上的顺序。在此根底上选出与文章主题密切相关的局部。
4〕在写作时要特别注意下面几点：
〔1〕概要应包括原文中的主要事实，略去不必要的细节。
〔2〕安排好篇幅的比例，概要应同原文保持协调，即用较多的文字写重要内容，用较少的文字写次要内容。
〔3〕注意要点之间的衔接，要用适当的关联词语贯穿全文，切忌只简单地写出一些互不相干的句子，但也不要每两句之间都加关联词语，以免显得生硬。
〔4〕不排斥用原文的某些词句，但不要照搬原文的句子，如果不能完全用自己的话语表达，至少对原文句子做一些同义词替换，如果结构上也能有一些转换会更好。
〔5〕计算词数，看是否符合规定的词数要求。
【点评】本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动饱满，同时运用了许多高级词汇和固定短语，提高文章的档次，表达了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。例如： Humans' greed fr wealth is chiefly respnsible fr sme species' being endangered. 运用了动名词的被动式作介词宾语；Hwever, as peple's attentin t endangered animals shifts, the effrts are far frm enugh, and it is essential t d cnstant wrk t prtect them.运用了并列句，it作形式主语。
七、汉译英〔整句〕
9.【解析】【分析】as sn as/the mment /the instant“ 一……就……〞，引导时间状语从句。this applicatin该应用程序，在从句中作主语；be launched/released t the market上市、投放到市场，在从句中作谓语；a heated discussin/debate热议〔主句主语〕，与aruse引发(主句谓语)之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。根据句意，故答案为As sn as/The mment /The instant this applicatin was launched/released t the market, a heated discussin/debate was arused.
【点评】考查汉译英，此题涉及考查时间状语从句，运用了一般过去时。
10.【解析】【分析】表示“栩栩如生〞应用形容词“realistic〞或“lifelike〞，或短语“true t life〞。 表示“乍一看〞应用短语“at first glance〞。句子时态可以使用一般过去时或一般现在时，句型使用“s＋形容词＋that＋从句〞。故答案为S realistic / lifelike / true t life is / was the painting that it is / was mistaken fr a picture at first glance.
【点评】考查汉译英，此题涉及一般过去时或一般现在时，以及固定短语at first glance。
11.【解析】【分析】be cnvinced that相信，后接宾语从句；fight against 抵抗；抵御。when当……时候，引导时间状语从句。陈述客观事实，用一般现在时。根据句意，故答案为I'm always cnvinced that ne can better fight against negative emtins when he sleeps well /adequately.
【点评】考查汉译英，此题涉及一般现在时，宾语从句和状语从句，以及固定短语be cnvinced that和fight against。
12.【解析】【分析】此处主语为peple；表示“意识到……〞短语为be aware f，由副词gradually修饰；表示“……的重要性〞短语为the imprtance f；表示“健康饮食〞短语为healthy eating；表示“胡吃海喝〞短语为eat and drink withut cntrl；表示“像以前那样〞短语为like befre；此处为非谓语动词作时间状语，“庆祝〞与其逻辑主语“人们〞之间是主动关系，用现在分词，表示“庆祝〞应用动词celebrate；表示“过年〞短语为Chinese New Year。句子应用一般现在时。故答案为Nw peple are gradually aware f the imprtance f healthy eating and dn't eat and drink withut cntrl like befre when celebrating Chinese New Year.
【点评】考查汉译英，此题涉及一般现在时，固定短语the imprtance f，healthy eating以及eat and drink withut cntrl。
八、提纲类作文
13.【解析】【分析】此题是一篇英文信件，要求考生以张华的身份写一份邮件，推荐一个景点并说明理由写作背景：在市区读初中的表弟李峰下周末方案到松江游玩。他在松江博物馆〔SngJiang Museum〕和辰山植物园〔Chenshan Btanical Garden〕两个景点间犹豫不决，想听听你的意见。提示中的内容比拟泛泛，需要适当补充。此题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如： Nice t hear frm yu and I' m glad t hear that yu are planning t visit SngJiang next weekend.运用了不定式作原因状语，宾语从句； Here are my suggestins.运用了倒装句；Since yu are interested in Chinese histry, I think SngJiang Museum is an ideal destinatin fr yu.运用了原因状语从句，宾语从句； I believe yu will have a rewarding experience there.运用了宾语从句；If yu have any ther questins, d let me knw.运用了条件状语从句，祈使句和强调。A. necessity
B. threat
C. neighburing
D. adjusted
E. unlikely
F. decline
G. cperated
H. questins
I. prfitable
J. impsing
K. gains
1. A. timid
B. reasnable
C. decisive
D. mature
2. A. assess
B. reverse
C. enhance
D. lessen
3. A. rewards
B. relaxes
C. cnfuses
D. weakens
4. A. eliminate
B. acknwledge
C. emphasize
D. cnceal
5. A. physically
B. psychlgically
C. plitically
D. prfessinally
6. A. uncertainty
B. cnfidence
C. dishnesty
D. stress
7. A. readily
B. frtunately
C. definitely
D. prbably
8. A. desire
B. depressin
C. shck
D. relief
9. A. Fr instance
B. In additin
C. Even s
D. In cntrast
10. A. funnier
B. wrse
C. less cnfident
D. mre reliable
11. A. achievement
B. respnsibility
C. security
D. justice
12. A. appraches
B. attentin
C. predictins
D. significance
13. A. prhibit
B. prmte
C. sacrifice
D. separate
14. A. firmness
B. encuragement
C. carefulness
D. statement
15. A. fxes
B. hedgehgs
C. frecasters
D. scientists