2022届高考英语一轮复习课时练习（新教材外研版）Unit 4 Everyday economics

Unit 4　Everyday economics

完形填空·专项练

Ⅰ.完形填空

In January this year，a fire destroyed the building that housed Yossi Heiman’s Fish Market in Borough Park，Brooklyn：The   1   made Yossi Heiman have no place to operate his business and no ability to get   2  .The merchant Shea Langsam owns a(n)   3   store，just a few blocks away.One would have   4   that sympathetic as he may be to his competitor’ s bad luck，he would welcome this opportunity to   5   new customers and increase his business.  6  ，Shea did something truly excellent.When he learned of the fire，he   7   the phone and called Yossi Heiman.Not only did he   8   him but when he heard Yossi said he would need a facility to deliver   9   to his customers，he said，“Don’t worry! Why not join me in my store before your store could be rebuilt? As fellow community members we all should try to help each other.” Shea did as he promised and Yossi   10   his losses.

The story is wonderful and it’s a(n)   11   of seeing fellow community members as part of one family，putting needs of others   12   their own needs.Businessmen usually want to make more money or grow their   13   but the story is   14  ：It’s a truly sincere display of true faith and great kindness.Real faith means   15   others and having a heart of compassion(同情) and mercy like Shea.

1．A.explosion   B．battle

C．accident   D．campaign

答案　C

解析　句意为：这次事故使Yossi Heiman没有地方经营他的生意，也没有能力获得收入。explosion爆炸，爆发；battle战斗，战役；accident事故；campaign活动。根据空前的“a fire destroyed the building that housed Yossi Heiman’s Fish Market”可知，此处指这次“事故”造成的后果。故选C。

2．A.attention   B．assistance

C．information   D．income

答案　D

解析　句意见上题解析。attention关注；assistance帮助；information信息；income收入。根据空前的“no place to operate his business and no ability”可知，没有了“收入”。故选D。

3．A.similar   B．mysterious

C．online   D．outdoor

答案　A

解析　句意为：商人Shea Langsam也有一家类似的商店，就在几个街区之外。similar相似的；mysterious神秘的；online在线的；outdoor户外的。根据空后的“store，just a few blocks away”可知，有一家“类似的”商店。故选A。

4．A.explained   B．agreed

C．complained   D．thought

答案　D

解析　句意为：人们会认为，尽管他可能会同情竞争对手的坏运气，但他会乐意接受这个获得新客户和增加业务的机会。explain解释；agree同意；complain抱怨；think想，认为。故选D。

5．A.treat   B．acquire

C．depend on   D．give up

答案　B

解析　句意见上题解析。treat对待；acquire获得，取得；depend on依赖，依靠；give up放弃。根据空前的“welcome this opportunity to”和空后的“new customers”可知，此处指“获得”新客户的机会。故选B。

6．A.Moreover   B．Therefore

C．Instead   D．Though

答案　C

解析　句意为：相反，Shea做了一件非常棒的事情。moreover另外，此外；therefore因此；instead相反，反而；though然而，不过。根据空后的“Shea did something truly excellent”可知，此处与上文是一种转折关系。故选C。

7．A.picked up   B．hung up

C．repaired   D．provided

答案　A

解析　句意为：当他得知火灾的消息后，他拿起电话给Yossi Heiman打了个电话。pick up拿起，拾起，偶然学到；hang up挂起；repair修理；provide提供。根据“called Yossi Heiman”可知，此处指“拿起”电话。故选A。

8．A.doubt   B．comfort

C．turn to   D．laugh at

答案　B

解析　doubt怀疑；comfort安慰；turn to转向，求助于；laugh at嘲笑。根据下文的“Don’t worry！”可知，他在“安慰”Yossi。故选B。

9．A.service   B．spirit

C．orders   D．notes

答案　C

解析　service服务；spirit精神；order订单，命令；note笔记。根据空前后“deliver        to his customers”可知，此处指给客户送“订单”。故选C。

10．A.held back   B．checked up

C．reported   D．cut

答案　D

解析　句意为：Shea按照他的承诺做了，Yossi减少了他的损失。hold back抑制，隐瞒；check up检查，核对；report报道；cut削减，缩减。根据空后的“his losses”可知，此处指“减少”了损失。故选D。

11．A.example   B．reminder

C．challenge   D．guide

答案　A

解析　句意为：这个故事很精彩，它是一个把社区成员视为一个家庭的一部分，把别人的需要放在自己的需要之前的例子。example例子；reminder提醒的人/物；challenge挑战；guide指导。故选A。

12．A.because of   B．ahead of

C．out of   D．as for

答案　B

解析　句意见上题解析。because of因为；ahead of在……之前；out of自……离开；as for关于，至于。故选B。

13．A.duty   B．fame

C．interest   D．business

答案　D

解析　句意为：商人们通常想要赚更多的钱或发展他们的生意，但这个故事是例外的：这是对真正的信仰和伟大的良善的真正真诚的展示。duty责任；义务，税；fame名声；interest兴趣；business生意。故选D。

14．A.exceptional   B．boring

C．ridiculous   D．old

答案　A

解析　句意见上题解析。exceptional例外的，特殊的；boring令人厌烦的；ridiculous可笑的；old旧的。故选A。

15．A.respecting   B．protecting

C．taking control of   D．caring for

答案　D

解析　句意为：真正的信仰意味着关心他人，有一颗像Shea一样的怜悯之心。respect尊重；protect保护；take control of控制；care for关心，在意。故选D。

语法填空＋应用文写作·综合练

Ⅱ.语法填空

(2021·湖南衡阳质检)

A two­layered paint 1.         reflects infrared light(红外线) while maintaining its colour could help keep buildings and vehicles cool under hot sun.This could help reduce energy used in cooling.

This coating 2.        (develop) by Yuan Yang at Columbia University in New York and his colleagues.It consists 3.        a top layer，which provides the colour，and a bottom layer reflecting infrared light.

When the sun shines on 4.         object coated with this paint，the top layer absorbs certain light，while the bottom layer reflects infrared light，preventing the object from 5.         (heat) up.A similar cooling effect can be achieved using white paint or metal mirrors,6.         Yang says the advantage of this new paint is that it can be any colour desired.7.         (usual) black paint absorbs heat，but painting an object with a black version of this new coating kept it about 16%：8.        (cool) than when an object painted with commercial black paint was exposed to the same amount of sunlight.

This new paint could 9.        (use) in tropical locations to help keep 10.        (building) cool，as well as to prevent cars，buses and trains from getting too hot.

1．答案　which/that

解析　考查定语从句关系词。此句是定语从句，先行词是A two­layered paint，指物，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which/that。故填which/that。

2．答案　was developed

解析　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。develop此动作已发生，用一般过去时，主语This coating和动词develop之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为单数，谓语也用单数。故填was developed。

3．答案　of

解析　考查固定搭配。固定搭配consist of...，意为“由……组成”。故填of。

4．答案　an

解析　考查冠词。此处泛指“一个涂有这种涂料的物体”，object的发音以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an。故填an。

5．答案　being heated

解析　考查固定短语和语态。prevent sb./sth.from doing sth.(阻止某人/物做某事)，此处指“防止物体被加热”，表被动。故填being heated。

6．答案　but

解析　考查连词。前后两句意义表转折，应用并列连词but。故填but。

7．答案　Usually

解析　考查词性转换。此处用副词作状语，修饰整个句子，首字母大写。故填Usually。

8．答案　cooler

解析　考查形容词的比较级。than为比较级的标志，此空应用形容词的比较级形式。故填cooler。

9．答案　be used

解析　考查动词的语态。主语This new paint和动词use之间是被动关系，谓语应用被动语态。故填be used。

10．答案　buildings

解析　考查名词的单复数。此处指“不止一个建筑物”，building指“具体建筑物”时，是可数名词。故填buildings。

Ⅲ.应用文写作

假设你是学生会主席李华，你将在学校英文报上刊登一篇以“保护大自然”为主题的文章，文章已写好，想写信请外籍教师Tom帮忙修改润色。

注意：

1．词数80左右；

2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

3．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

Dear Tom，

Yours，

Li Hua

参考范文

Dear Tom，

I’m writing to ask you for advice，hoping that you can do me a favor.

As you know，our school has held an English writing competition about protecting nature recently，which has appealed to many students to take part in it.I’m keen to write articles，so I has written an article，hoping that the article can be published in the school English newspaper.Would you please help me polish the article? If you agree，I’ll come to your house at your convenience.

I’d appreciate it if you’d like to offer me a helping hand.Looking forward to your reply.

Yours，

Li Hua