2021届高三高考英语一轮复习语法专练 专题05 代词、介词和冠词专练(三)(解析版)
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这是一份2021届高三高考英语一轮复习语法专练 专题05 代词、介词和冠词专练(三)(解析版),共7页。试卷主要包含了基础达标测试,真题实战演练,代词等内容,欢迎下载使用。
解析版
一、基础达标测试(本题共 30 小题,每题 1 分,共 30 分)
1.(2020.北京 3 月份质检) Give yur bdy and brain a rest by stepping utside frwhile, exercising, r dng
smething yu enjy.
【答案】a
【解析】考查固定短语。介词短语 fr a while 一会;本句是指通过锻炼或做一些你喜欢的事情,让你的身体
和思维休息一会。
2.(2020.沈阳 5 月份模拟)______ time, when the ppulatin grew, peple began cutting fd int small pieces s it wuld ck mre quickly.
【答案】ver
【解析】考查介词。句意:随着时间的推移,当人口逐渐增长,人们开始把食物切成小块,这样可以煮的快一点。Over time 意为“随着时间的推移”,故填 ver.
3.(2020.浙江二模) In India, fr example, mst peple traditinally eattheir hands.
【答案】with
【解析】考查介词。句意:在印度,大部分人还是用传统的吃饭方法--用手拿,with+表示具体工具的名
词,故填 with.
4.(2020·山东省一模)Yu can tell when yu are ver the tp and n the dwnward slpe, by asking yurself
______ number f questins.
【答案】a
【解析】考查固定短语。短语 a number f 许多,大量;该形容词短语通常做定语修饰可数名词复数形式,本句中使用 a number f 修饰可数名词复数形式 questins.故填 a.
5.Hwever, he later finds ut that his father was a wizard, and that his mther was a witch, bth f ________
(they)murdered by an evil wizard.
【答案】them
【解析】考查人称代词。句意:然而,他后来发现他的父亲是一个巫师,他的母亲是一个女巫,他们都被一个邪恶的巫师谋杀了。此处指代他的父母,应用人称代词,位于介词之后,用宾格。故填 them.
6.If yu want t g t the party with me, yu shuld behave(yu) well.
【答案】yurself
【解析】考查反身代词。句意:如果你想和我一起去参加聚会,你应该表现得很好。动词短语 behave neself
表现好,懂规矩,故填 yurself.
7.Generatin after generatin, ur frefathers wrked hard and created a splendid culture n this land f
_________________(us).
【答案】urs
【解析】考查名词性物主代词。句意:一代又一代,我们的先辈们在这片土地上辛勤工作,创造了灿烂的文化。根据句意可知是在我们的土地上,f 是介词,后边需要名词,根据句意,可知需要填名词性物主代词,故填 urs.
8.N matter when I g t a pst ffice and n matter where the pst ffice is, I always find ________ (me) standing in a line behind smene wh has a lt f business t d.
【答案】myself
【解析】考查代词。句意:不管我什么时候去邮局也不管邮局在哪儿,我总是发现自己排在某个有许多业
务要办理的人的后边。本句主语是 I,根据语境,此处表示“发现自己……”,find neself ding sth.意为“发现
自己在做某事”。故填 myself.
9.Can yu make sense ________ what this writer is saying?
【答案】f
【解析】考查固定短语和介词 f。句意:你能理解这位作者在说什么吗?结合句意可知,此处考查固定短语“理解”,make sense f 意为“理解”。设空处需填介词 f。故填 f.
10.I’d appreciate it if yu culd make helpful cmments ________ my wrk.
【答案】n\abut
【解析】考查介词。句意:如果你能对我的工作提出有益的意见,我将不胜感激。根据 cmments 与 my wrk 之间的关系,可知要用介词 n/abut。make cmments n /abut...对发表评论/意见,固定短语。故填 n\abut .
11.The subject f the talk is annunced a week ________ advance.
【答案】in
【解析】考查介词。句意:谈话的主题提前一周宣布。in advance 提前,是固定短语,故填 in.
12.It suddenly ccurred ________ him that he shuld adpt the hmeless child.
【答案】t
【解析】考查固定搭配和介词。句意:他突然想到要收养那个无家可归的孩子。sth. ccur t sb.某人突然想到某事,固定搭配。故填 t.
13.Nbdy knew why he was ften heavily _________________debt.
【答案】in
【解析】考查固定短语或介词 in。句意:没人知道为什么他经常债台高筑。in debt 欠债,固定短语,故填 in.
14.I'm writing t ffer my cngratulatins t yu ________ winning the gld medal.
【答案】n
【解析】句意:我写信是为了祝贺你获得金牌。cngratulatins t sb. n sth.祝贺某人某事,固定短语。故填 n.
15.They left in such ________ hurry that they frgt t lck the dr.
【答案】a
【解析】本题考查冠词和固定短语。句意:他们走得如此匆忙,以至于忘了锁门。短语 in a hurry“匆忙,急促”,故填 a.
16.Michael is great t wrk fr. I really culdn't find _____________ better bss.
【答案】a
【解析】考查冠词。句意:为迈克尔工作很好。我真的找不到一个更好的老板。空格后有 bss,老板。可
数名词单数,better 以辅音开头的,要用不定冠词 a.故填 a.
17.As __________ child I started learning t play the pian but sn decided t stp s that I culd cncentrate mre n my studies.
【答案】a
【解析】句意:作为一个孩子,我开始学习弹钢琴,但很快就决定停下来,这样我就可以更多地集中精力学习。此处泛指一个,故用不定冠词。故填 a.
18.Studies in China have shwn that a persn wh can write well shuld have _________ gd knwledge f between 3,000 and 4,000 characters.
【答案】a
【解析】考查冠词和固定短语。句意:中国的研究表明,一个写作好的人应该精通 3,000 到 4,000 个汉字。 have a gd knwledge f“精通,熟练掌握”,为固定搭配。故填 a.
19.Built in the Qing Dynasty, the temple has a histry f 300 years. It was restred at the gvernment's expense in
________1990s.
【答案】the
【解析】考查冠词。句意:这座寺庙建于清朝,有 300 年的历史了。20 世纪 90 年代在政府的资助下它被修复了。in the 1990s 为固定用法,意为“在 20 世纪 90 年代”,故填 the.
20.China is a great cuntry with ________ area f mre than 9,600 thusand square kilmeters. 【答案】an
【解析】考查冠词。句意:中国是一个面积超过 960 万平方公里的大国。此处泛指一个多大的面积,因此
用不定冠词,且 area 是元音音素开头,因此用不定冠词 an.短语 with an area f 意为“有着多大的面积”。故
an.
二、真题实战演练(本题共 10 小题,每题 1.5 分,共 15 分)
1.(2019.全国卷 III)We were first greeted with the barking by a pack _____ dgs,seven t be exact.
【答案】f
【解析】考查固定短语。“a pack f”意为“一群”。故填 f.
2.(2019.浙江卷)Everybdy wears______ same style f clthes.
【答案】the
【解析】考查冠词。句意:每个人都穿相同风格的衣服。same 是形容词,意思是“相同的”,常与 the 连用修
饰名词。故填 the.
3.(2019.浙江卷)But can unifrms help imprve schl standards? The answer ______ this questin is nt clear.
【答案】t
【解析】考查固定搭配。句意:这个问题的答案不清楚。the key/answer t ...是固定搭配,意为:“……的答
案是……”。故填 t.
4.(2018.全国卷 II)Crn uses less waterrice and creates less fertilizer (化肥) runff.
【答案】than
【解析】考查介词。句意:玉米用水量比水稻少,造成更少的化肥流失。根据句中的 less 可知,此处表示比较,
故填 than.
5.(2018.全国卷 III)Unexpectedly, I’m face-t-face with the grilla, wh begins screaming attp f her
lungs.
【答案】the
【解析】考查固定短语。句意:出乎意料的是,我正与那只大猩猩面对面,它开始声嘶力竭地尖叫。at the tp f
ne’s lungs 意为“声嘶力竭地”。故填 the.
6.(2018.全国卷 III)I was searchingthese three western lwland grillas I’d been bserving.
【答案】fr
【解析】考查动词短语。句意:我正在搜寻这三只我一直在观察的西部低地大猩猩。search fr 为动词短语,意为“搜寻”。故填 fr.
7.(2017.全国卷Ⅰ) This trend, which was started by the medical cmmunity(医学界) a methd f fighting heart disease, has had sme unintended side effects such as verweight and heart disease
【答案】as
【解析】考查介词。句意:这种趋势是由医学界开始的,是一种对抗心脏病的方法,它产生了一些意想不到的副作用,如超重和心脏病。as 在此处作介词,意为“作为”。故填 as.
8.(2017.全国卷Ⅰ) Asresult, peple will eat mre fd t try t make up fr that smething missing.
【答案】a
【解析】考查冠词和固定短语。句意:结果,人们会吃更多的东西来努力弥补所缺的东西。as a result 结果。故
a.
9.(2016· 全国卷 I )On my recent visit, I help a lively three-mnth-ld twin that had been rejected by ______ (it) mther.
【答案】their
【解析】考查物主代词。句意:在我最近的一次拜访中,我帮助了一个被它们的母亲拒绝的可爱的双胞胎之一。题干中表示“它们的母亲”,所以填 their.
10.(2016· 全国卷 I )The nursery team switches him every few days with his sister s that while ne is being bttle-fed, _____ ther is with mum-she never suspects.
【答案】the
【解析】考查固定用法。题干中表示“这样一个由人工喂养,另一个由熊猫妈妈喂养”,ne …the ther 一个……
另一个,该用法是固定用法,所以填 the.
三、代词、介词和冠词专项综合训练(本题共 10 小题,每题 1.5 分,共 15 分)
My husband and I were paying a visit 1.______my parents in Tucsn.We went t 2.______ fast fd restaurant fr dinner tgether. My husband went t the cunter t rder dishes and I std with my parents.
My dad is 3________80-year-ld man.He can hardly see very well and walks with a stick.I was scanning the restaurant, waiting t sit at the first table that was mre cnvenient 4._______thers.A wman wh was sitting with her sn made eye cntact with me and asked me t cme t her. 5.________ with a puzzled lk n my face, I
pinted t 6._________(myself) and said, “Me?” She ndded and said, “Yes,yu.” I walked t the table and she said, “Bring yur family here.I can finish eating at the cunter. My sn is in 7.______hurry t leave anyway.” My eyes were full 8.______tears as she wiped dwn the table and guided my dad t the seat.
I always believe that there are naturally kind peple in this wrld.This has set a gd example 9.________her sn , wh is 10._______ really lucky guy.
1.【答案】t
【解析】本题考查固定搭配。句意:我和我丈夫去图森拜访我的父母。固定短语 pay a visit t“看望某人”,
故填 t.
2.【答案】a
【解析】本题考查冠词。句意:我们一起去了一家快餐店吃晚饭。不定冠词表示泛指,故填 a.
3.【答案】an
【解析】本题考查冠词。句意:我爸爸今年 80 岁了。且 80-year-ld 中 eighty 是元音音素开头,因此用不
定冠词 an.故填 an.
4.【答案】than
【解析】本题考查介词。句意:我正在扫视餐厅,等着坐在第一张桌子旁边,因为它比其它桌子更方便。
根据句中的 mre cnvenient 可知, 此处表示比较,故填 than.
5.【答案】With
【解析】考查 with 短语复合结构。句意:我脸上露出困惑的表情,指着我自己说道。With+宾语+介宾短
语,是一种复合结构,在句中作状语。置于句首首字母大写。故填 With.
6.【答案】myself
【解析】本题考查反身代词。句意:同上句。主语和宾语表示同一个人,需要用反身代词。故填 myself.
7.【答案】a
【解析】本题考查冠词和固定短语。句意:我儿子急着要离开。固定短语 in a hurry“匆忙,急促”, 故填
a.
8.【答案】f
【解析】本题考查介词和固定搭配。句意:我的双眼充满了泪水。固定短语 be full f“充满,装满”,故填
f.
9.【答案】t
【解析】本题考查介词和固定搭配。句意:这为她的儿子树立了一个很好的榜样。固定短语 set a gd
example t sb“给某人树立好榜样”,故填 t
10.【答案】a
【解析】本题考查冠词。句意:这为她的儿子树立了一个很好的榜样,这个孩子真的是一个很幸运的家伙。此处不定冠词表示特指,且 really lucky guy 是辅音音素开头,因此用不定冠词 a.故填 a.
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