中考英语题型讲义（广东地区）2.语法选择（教师版+学生版）学案

这是一份中考英语题型讲义（广东地区）2.语法选择（教师版+学生版）学案，文件包含专题2语法选择答案全解全析doc、专题2语法选择doc、专题2语法选择doc等3份学案配套教学资源，其中学案共39页， 欢迎下载使用。
语法选择是2020年广东中考试卷中新增的题型，旨在考查学生在实际语言中运用语法知识的能力，着重在语篇的层面考查学生的语法分析能力，强调语法知识在实际语言中的正确运用。
题型特点如下：
1．选用材料一般为250词左右，多为记叙文，故事性比较强。
2．考查形式是在一篇留有10个空的短文中，要求考生按照语法规则和上下文选择正确答案，每空1分，共10分。
3．因为有特定的语境，因而难度不大，中考难度大约在0.55左右。
4．通常情况下，语法选择的考查内容主要包括以下方面：名词、代词、数词、介词、连词、形容词和副词、冠词、情态动词、时态、被动语态、非谓语动词、词语辨析、宾语从句、定语从句和感叹句。对定语从句知识点的考查，中考难度不会偏离课本的要求，即只要求能辨认出由that，which，wh引导的限定性定语从句，并能理解句子的意思。因此不要求盲目拔高定语从句的难度。

语法选择常见解题思路分析如下
一、看有无时态标志
二、看空格前有无情态动词、介词(情态动词一动原;介词+ving)
三、看有无and/r(如有则观察and/r前或后的动词形式,答案选考动词项的开形式要与其保持一致)
四、看选项出现被动语态,则判断主语与动词的关系是主动还是被动
语法选择解题技巧
step1:读第一句话→动词→判断时态→为做题时选动词找依据注意:动词会给你很多信息,做题过程中集中关注动词的变化
step2:以句为单位→找提示词一→确定考点
连词
考查频率最高的是but,s,r,and, althugh, thugh,bth, either neither,all的用法。判断文章前后的逻辑关系即可。but表示转折关系;s表示因果关系;r,或者、否则之意。and表示并列关系;
thugh/althugh:表示虽然是,不能与but连用。bth-and:表示两者都; either--r:表示两者之一; neither-nr表示两者中没有一个;all表示全部都,用于三者以上。
介词
考查固定搭配。考查频率最高的介词:n,in,at,fr用在时间前的用法,with, withut的用法
冠词a,an,the的区别
介词
常考n,in,at,fr用在时间前的用法,with, withut的用法。at:用于具体时刻、传统节日前,
例如: at8:00; at Christmas.固定搭配: at nn, at night.
in:用于世纪、年、季节、月等不具体的时间前,例如:in2011
固定搭配: in the mrning/ afternn/evening
n:用于具体的某一天,或具体的早上、下午、晚上。fr:后面十一段时间,现在完成时的标志
with:与.一起,和.带着,有.的;以(手段、材料),用(工具) withut:没有
形容词
若选项出现ed、ing一般考查的是分词作形容词的用法:ed是修饰人,一ing是修饰事物,只要会判断主词
语,即可选对。形容词后置; ther, the ther, thers, the thers-ther-, the th er/分别为“其他的”、“其余的”的意思,后面跟名词, thers、 the thers分别为“其他人/东西”,“其余的人/东西”已经是名词,有the,说明是在一定范围内。
副词
若选项出现一ly结尾的,可以判定该空格考查副词的运考副词，在该句子中,空格前有动词,则要用副词修饰。
代词
人称代词,动词介词后用宾格;空格后有名词,用形容词所有格,没有名词则用名词所有格;
反身代词常考 enjy neself/ help yurself/ dress neself/ teach neself不定代词 smething, every thing, anything nthing被形容词修饰时,
做题注意点
1.答题前快速浏览全文，掌握语篇主旨大意和语篇特点，以便在语境中选择正确的答案。
2.答题时以句子为单位，理解句意后，找准考点，弄清楚考查方向和意图，找出对答案有提示作用的单词、短语等。
3.答题后要把答案代入空格中，复读全文，看看全文意思是否贯通，检查人称、时态、数等是否前后一致，最后确定答案。
中考真题精练
2020广东中考
通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后按照句子结构的语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。
Judie’s class was studying Chinese culture. One day, her teacher went int the classrm ____1____ sme kites. He tld them that kites ____2____ in China mre than 2,000 years ag. At the end f the class, he said, “The Chinese make kites that mean smething imprtant t them. I expect each f yu ____3____ a kite that means smething imprtant t yu. Yu will have a ____4____ understanding f kites than befre.”
Judie decided t ask her dad fr help as it was ____5____ first time t make a kite.
“What d yu think f when yu see a kite?” her dad asked.
Judie thught fr a mment and ____6____, “Butterflies.”
Judie’s dad agreed that it wuld be a gd idea t make a butterfly kite. They made acrss with sme wd sticks, ____7____ then Judie painted a butterfly n a piece f whitepaper. Next they stuck the paper n the crss. Finally they tied alng tail t the bttm.
The next mrning, they tk ____8____ kite t the park and tested it. “Ww!” she cried prudly. “____9____ high my butterfly flies!”
“Judie, can yu tell me _____10_____ yu like butterflies?” asked her dad.
Judie replied, “T me, butterflies mean beauty and freedm!”
1. A. tB. inC. withD. by
2. A. inventB. inventedC. are inventedD. were invented
3. A. makeB. t makeC. makingD. made
4. A. gdB. betterC. bestD. the best
5. A. herB. herselfC. hersD. she
6. A. answersB. answeredC. will answerD. has answered
7. A. andB. butC. rD. s
8. A. aB. anC. theD. \
9. A. WhatB. What aC. What anD. Hw
10. A. whyB. whichC. whatD. when
模拟精练
一
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的四个选项中，选出一个最佳答案，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。
In March f 2019，the 8-year-ld by called Tani wn the New Yrk State chess champinship withut lsing a match.It isn't easy fr a child 21 this hnr.Tani lives in New Yrk nw，but he used t live a hard life in Nigeria.He is 22 in studying chess，and his skill is increasing 23 .He practices every evening n his father's laptp and attends three-hur practices every Saturday.He dreams f becming 24 chess grandmaster.
A New Yrk Times clumnist(专栏作家) wrte 25 article abut Tani，and many readers wanted t help his family.Several peple ffered them husing，and lawyers ffered t help 26 their immigratin hearings(移民听证会)fr free.A week later，ver $200,000 had been raised t help them.Within a week，Tani was running thrugh his family's apartment excitedly，“I have a hme！”
27 Tani's family desn't plan t keep their gd frtune t themselves.They are giving ten percent f the mney raised t 28 lcal church，which had helped them when they were struggling.The rest f the mney will g t ther African immigrants 29 need help.Tani's father said，“Gd 30 me.I want t give my blessing t thers.”
( ) B．t achieve C．achieved D．achieving
( ) B．interests C．interested D．interesting
( ) B．rapidly C．rapids D．rapidity
( ) B．yunger C．yungest D．the yungest
( )25.A.a B．an C．the D．/
( ) B．t C．fr D．frm
( ) B．And C．But D．S
( ) B．them C．their D．theirs
( ) B．what C．which D．when
( ) blessing B．is blessed C．has blessed D．blessed
二
Saving electricity and water is imprtant in ur life. There are 1 little things fr us t d at hme t help save the Earth. They’re small, but 2 peple d the same thing and make a great 3 . By making sme small changes t the way yu d things at hme, yu are 4 ur planet day by day.
Yu can spend 5 and imprve yur health better at the same time, s helping t save the envirnment 6 a gd exercise!
Yu can use windws t make the huse gd t live in. Yu can keep windws and drs 7 t keep the huse warm in winter and pen in summer. The wind will ften keep yu as cl as 8 the pen air.
And yu must d smething 9 water. The water that yu use in the kitchen can als be used t wash the rice r water the flwers, and it’s very gd fr 10 . Please always remember t turn ff the lights when yu leave.
1. A. muchB. manyC. fewD. little
2. A. thusandB. thusandsC. thusand fD. thusands f
3. A. differentB. differentlyC. differenceD. differences
4. A. helpB. helpsC. helpedD. helping
5. A. lessB. mreC. a ltD. a little
6. A. wasB. isC. wereD. are
7. A. clseB. t clseC. clsedD. be clsed
8. A. atB. inC. byD. n
9. A. saveB. savedC. savingD. t save
10. A. itB. yuC. themD. us
三
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的四个选项中，选出一个最佳答案，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。
There are many ptimistic(乐观的) peple arund us. __21__ peple I have ever seen is my dad! He is s psitive that I have never heard __22__ single wrd frm him which is related t hpeless!
Unlike mst mums and dads，my dad never says things that __23__ make me feel sad.He is always there t give __24__ encuragement and help.
When I d smething wrng，he always tells me __25__ I shuld d next time in a psitive way.Fr example，if I am __26__ truble，he ften tells me t pen the bks he has bught fr me.The he asks me __27__ the stries that can help me with the prblems I'm facing.After that，we will have a discussin tgether.If it's useless，he __28__ me calm dwn firstly and think abut what happened t me by myself.
__29__ I'm nt always a gd kid because f my naughty character，my dad never shuts at r gets angry with me.I knw that he's waiting fr the day when I grw up and understand sme imprtant things in my life.
I can see the reasn why he is s psitive is that he believes in himself，and als I __30__ by him.He believes that whatever happens，it is under cntrl.S we have nthing t wrry abut.Be psitive! Sunshine will be in yur life frever!
( ) B．Mre ptimistic C．Mst ptimistic D．The mst ptimistic
( ) B．/ C．a D． an
( )'t B．may nt C．must D．may
( ) B．me C．I D．myself
( ) B．what C．why D．when
( ) B．f C．at D．with
( ) read B．read C．reading D．t reading
( ) B．is letting C．has let D．will let
( ) B．Unless C．If D．Since
( ) B．am trusted C．trusted D．was trusted
三
Tmmy is a shy by, he lives in a small village fr fifteen years. His father, a man 1 Mr. Black, was a rich farmer. He bught a huse here in ur twn several mnths ag. His family mved t the new huse 2 his sn began t study in bur class. But he had 3 friends here. At first he ften played 4 .
His neighbur Lily is a kind girl. She finds the by never talks with 5 and decides t help him. Tmmy likes t stay with her and talks t her 6 . Nw they’re gd friends.
One afternn, Lily said t Tmmy. “It’ll be my sixteenth birthday tmrrw. I’ll have a birthday party. Wuld yu please 7 ?”
“Sure. I’m glad t,’’ the by replied happily.
Tmmy gt hme and thught f a present he culd give Lily. He was srry that he frgt 8 the girl what she liked. He culdn’t call her because he didn’t knw her telephne number. At that mment Mrs. Black came and asked, “What is the matter, dear?”
“What wuld yu like 9 it was yur sixteenth birthday, mummy?” . “ 10 ,”the wman said, ” I just wish I were sixteen.”
1.A. callingB. calledC. callsD. was called
2.A. frB. andC. butD. then
3.A. fewB. a fewC. littleD. a little
4.A. n his wnB. f his wnC. himselfD. n himself
5.A. everybdyB. nbdyC. anybdyD. n ne
6.A. a ltB. lt fC. lts fD. a lt f
7.A. t cmeB. cmingC. cmeD. came
8.A. t askB. askingC. and askD. abut asking
9.A. whenB. ifC. wheneverD. because
10.A. EverythingB. NthingC. SmethingD. Anything
四
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的四个选项中，选出一个最佳答案，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。
There was a by named Reggie.He culdn't hear anything __21__ he was brn deaf.He was kind and friendly.Thugh peple in twn liked him a lt，they treated him much __22__ than ther peple.They usually treated him as a baby，because they wrried that he culdn't take gd care f __23__.
Hwever，peple gt t understand Reggie a little better this year.__24__ Reggie's birthday，everyne in twn wuld wear earplugs(耳塞) s that they culdn't hear anything，__25__.This day came t be knwn as the Day f Silence.Peple became t knw __26__ hard their life culd be when they can't hear anything.They als learned that Reggie had t wrk harder than cmmn peple and he gt many __27__.
On that day，n ne thught f Reggie as just a deaf persn.Peple saw a whle new side f him.They __28__ mre attentin t the things he said.They were als surprised by his smartness，creativity，and his ability __29__ a slutin t nearly any prblem that he faced.They realized that he had always been like that，and that he nly needed t cmmunicate with us in a different way.In fact，he was really just like any ther little by.
On the Day f Silence，peple came t knw Reggie's true nature.They learned that althugh mst f us are different frm each ther in sme ways，we are still mstly __30__ same in ur hearts and minds.S we shuld care mre abut thers' feelings.
( ) B．but C．because D．if
( ) differently B．mre different C．different D．differently
( ) B．he C．himself D．his
( ) B．Fr C．In D．On
( ) B．either C．als D．neither
( ) B．hw C．where D．why
( ) B．skill C．the skills D．a skill
( ) B．pay C．are paying D．have paid
( ) finding B．find C．fund D．t find
( )30.A./ B．an C．the D．a
五
A gd dictinary is an imprtant tl. It will tell yu nt nly what a wrd means but als hw it is used. A dictinary needs t be printed again abut every ten years. Languages develp and a gd dictinary must shw these new changes.
A new English dictinary will nly tell yu 1 mst peple use the language tday. It will nt tell yu what is right 2 wrng. It may tell yu the right time t use a wrd. If nly 3 peple use a wrd, a dictinary will 4 tell yu this r nt list it.
Every dictinary will tell yu many interesting facts. If yu type a wrd and the wrd is t lng, lk it up in yur dictinary. All dictinaries shw yu 5 t break a wrd. And they als shw yu hw a wrd 6 .
Every dictinary, f curse, tells yu what a wrd means. But sme wrds, like “get” r “take”, may have lts f meanings. In sme dictinaries, the main meanings are ften listed first. In 7 , the newest meanings are listed last. S befre yu use yur dictinary, yu shuld always 8 the frnt part. This part explains hw t use it.
Sme dictinaries als shw yu where a wrd cmes frm. D yu knw that the wrd “brand” (标记) cmes frm an ld wrd? This ld wrd means “t burn”. This is because hundreds f years ag peple burned their names n tables r bats t shw wh 9them. They als burned their wn names n their farm animals 10 they wuld nt be stlen.
Yur dictinary als has a lt f ther interesting facts in it. After yu have learned t use a dictinary, it can becme yur best useful bk.
1. A. hwB. whatC. whyD. if
2. A. andB. rC. butD. nt
3. A. a littleB. manyC. a fewD. a lt f
4. A. neitherB. nrC. bthD. either
5. A. whenB. whereC. whyD. which
6. A. speaksB. is spkeC. be spkenD. is spken
7. A. antherB. the therC. thersD. ther
8. A. seeB. watchC. lkD. read
9. A. buildsB. makesC. builtD. made
10. A. whenB. in rder tC. s thatD. befre
六
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的四个选项中，选出一个最佳答案，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。
The inventin f the camera ges far int the past.In the 1500s，the cameras at that time nly made pictures.But they didn't find __21__ way t make the pictures permanent (耐久的) until the early 1800s.Even then，phtgraphy was a new field.Mst peple had their family pictures __22__ were taken by a phtgrapher.Peple did nt wn cameras __23__ taking pictures and develping the film (冲洗胶卷) were t difficult.
In 1884，Gerge Eastman __24__ a kind f film s that it fitted int a small camera.Because the new film was cheap，many peple began t buy cameras.When they had finished their film，peple returned __25__ cameras t the factry.There，the film was develped，and pictures __26__.
Taking pictures is very easy with the help __27__ Eastman's camera.Tday's cameras are even __28__ t use，and peple can put in their wn film.Phtgraphy has becme a grwing hbby.
There __29__ als many new jbs in the field f phtgraphy.One f the mst imprtant kinds f wrk is in news reprting.Newspapers，magazines，and televisin，all need pictures __30__ their stries.Peple find new uses fr the camera every day.
( )21.A./ B．the C．an D．a
( ) B．wh C．which D．whse
( ) B．if C．because D．s
( ) B．invented C．will invent D．was inventing
( ) B．theirs C．they D．them
( ) B．are printed C．were printed D．print
( ) B．in C．at D．f
( ) B．the easiest C．easier D．easily
( ) B．is C．have D．has
( ) B．t tell C．telling D．tld
七
When I was 7 years ld, I went t the USA with my mm. I can still 1 _ the first Hallween hliday I had in the USA.
On the mrning f Hallween, we paid a visit t a pumpkin farm. 2 _ f us brught a pumpkin t schl. I used the pumpkin t make a lantern which had tw triangle eyes and a scary muth. In the afternn we 3 the Hallween cstumes and went n parade in schl. Sme f the cstumes were nice, 4 sme f them lked scary. I chse t wear a suit f Superman’s clthes
I did a lt f 5 that day, but the part I liked best was “trick r treat” in the evening After dinner, I went utside with an empty bag I hped 6 a lt f candies frm peple
At first, I was a bit nervus, s when I kncked at the dr, my heart was 7 very fast. A lady came ut, and I said carefully t 8 , “Trick r treat” . My vice was very lw, s lw that I culdn’t hear 9 speak. T my surprise, the lady was s kind that she gave me tw candy bars, and I was s 10 , thanked the lady and mved n . I culdn’t remember hw many huses I visited, but I culd remember hw many candies I gt—I gt 91 pieces f candy
What a happy Hallween I had! And I wish we culd have a Hallween every mnth!
1. A. rememberB. rememberedC. rememberingD. remembers
2. A. BthB. EachC. EveryD. Nne
3. A. wearB. wreC. were wearingD. were wrn
4. A. sB. thughC. butD. and
5. A. a thingB. thingC. the thingD. things
6. A. gettingB. gtC. t getD. t getting
7. A. beatB. beatingC. beatsD. beaten
8. A. sheB. hersC. herselfD. her
9. A. myB. IC. meD. myself
10. A. cheeredB. cheerfulC. cheeringD. cheerfully
八
Kites are made f thin stick（s 木棍）and paper．Mst peple have 1 a kite ride and dip（上下翻飞）in a strng spring wind r have flwn 2 ．But nt 3 many peple knw that the Chinese were making and flying kites even 4 peple culd write．
A lng time ag, the Chinese made kites t 5 in wars．They wuld fly these war kites at night ．The kites were fixed 6 they made strange sunds．The enemies were frightened 7 ran away．They thught thse strange sunds were made 8 spirits in the sky．
9 Chinese peple als flew kites t bring gd luck（运气）and t make their crps rich and tall．Smetimes they wuld fly the kites 10water, pulling the hks（钩子）hang dwn t catch fish．
1．A．seeB．seenC．sawD．seeing
2．A．aB．itC．neD．that
3．A．sB．suchC．quiteD．as
4．A．untilB．becauseC．whileD．befre
5．A．usesB．usingC．useD．used
6．A．s thatB．rC．butD．thugh
7．A．butB．thughC．andD．r
8．A．atB．frC．tD．by
9．A．AB．AnC．TheD．/
10．A．verB．inC．nD．twards
九
Miss Ellis came t class with an adult wman and tw yunger girls. “Tday I have bught ‘Cinderella’ and ‘Snw White' with me. And this is ‘Cruella’， 1 stepmther.” The students were quite curius abut what kind f lessn Miss Ellis wuld be teaching that day after such a strange intrductin.
After 2 sat dwn， Cruella prepared t speak. But then， all the lights in the classrm went ut. Tw lud slaps(拍打) culd 3 . Then， the lights came n. Cinderella and Snw White were crying.
“Wh did that？” Miss Ellis asked. All f the children pinted at Cruella. Cruella shk her head and said that she 4 .But nce again， the lights went ff in the classrm. When they came back n again， tw students were crying. All the students nce again accused (指责) Cruella f 5 the children. She tried t explain but failed until the lights went ut fr 6 third time.
But this time， the lights came back n 7 just a few secnds. Everyne saw Cinderella and Snw White walking twards tw ther students with their arms raised， ready t hit the children. As it turned ut， Cinderella and Snw White were the nes 8 hit the students. And Cruella was actually a nice and kind mther wh didn't knw what t d with her 9 stepdaughters， wh caused prblems everywhere they went.
“That's what I wanted t teach yu tday，” Miss Ellis said.“We shuldn't judge thers based n prejudice (偏见). We shuld treat everyne 10 n matter what prejudices peple might have against them.”
B.themC.theirD.theirs
B.everyneC.anyneD.n ne
B.be heardC.be hearingD.heard
'tB.wasn'tC.hasn'tD.wn't
B.hitsC.hittingD.t hit
6.A./B.aC.anD.the
B.intC.frwardD.nt
B.whatC.whereD.wh
B.naughtierC.naughtiestD.the naughtiest
B.mre equallyC.mst equallyD.the mst equally
十
Last Saturday mrning, 1 June 16th, we went camping alng a path in Green Natural Park. We were happy because it was a sunny day. We were expecting an enjyable 2 hliday. On the way, we kept singing and 3 jkes.
Hwever, in the afternn, when we finished ur picnic at ne 'clck, it was dark and windy. Sn, there was a shwer. Unluckily, 4 f us brught an umbrella. We ran abut but we culd find n place t hide.
Twenty minutes passed and it was still raining. There were hurs t g befre we reached the campsite( 野营地). It was even 5 that ur small cmpass( 指南针) shwed that we went t the wrng way. We had lst ur way!
We had t make a quick 6as it was raining heavily. Chris said we culd set up a 7 t hide in, s Mary and Tm helped t set up the tent. Chris and I tried t make a fire t keep us warm. But we were 8 t light the fire, a everything was wet. We dried urselves, chatted and waited inside the tent. At abut five 'clck, it stpped 9 . We decided t give up the camping trip because all f us had been very tired.
This camping trip may nt be very successful but we knw each ther better. And the mst imprtant thing I've learned frm this trip is the 10 f team spirit.
1. A. inB. nC. atD. t
2. A. tw-dayB. tw dayC. tw daysD. tw-days'
3. A. t makeB. madeC. makeD. making
4. A. n neB. allC. nneD. every ne
5. A. wrseB. betterC. badD. gd
6. A. decideB. decidedC. decisinD. deciding
7. A. rmB. tentC. huseD. fire
8. A. canB. can'tC. ableD. unable
9. A. rainingB. snwingC. t rainD. t snw
10. A. imprtantB. imprtanceC. situatinD. unimprtant
十一
Smith was a landlrd ( 地 主 ). He lved mney very much and never 1 anything t anybdy.Sn he became rich．
One day the weather was fine.There wasn't a clud in the sky and the sun was very warm. The landlrd was walking 2 a river with three f his friends, when, all f a sudden, he slipped and fell int it. He cried, "Help! Help! "One f his 3 held ut his hand and said,"Give me 4 hand and I will pull yu ut. "The landlrd's head went under the water and then came up again, but he did nt give his hand t his friends. Then 5 f his friends tried but the same thing happened.
Just then a farmer came ver and saw all this. He knew the landlrd very 6 . He said t the thers, "Let me try. "He held ut his hand and said t the landlrd, " 7 my hand and I will pull yu ut." Hearing this, the landlrd tk the farmer's hand, and in 8 minute the farmer pulled the landlrd ut f the water.
All the thers gt very 9 at this and asked the farmer "Why did he give his hand t yu 10 nt t us?"The farmer said, "Yu dn't knw yur friend very well. When yu say 'give t' him, he des nthing, but when yu say 'take', he takes."
1. A. giveB. gaveC. givingD. given
2. A. alngB. nC. inD. at
3. A. friendB. friendlyC. friendsD. friendship
4. A. yuB. yurselfC. yursD. yur
5. A. therB. antherC. the therD. thers
6. A. gdB. badC. wellD. better
7. A. TakeB. T takeC. TakingD. Taken
8. A. /B. aC. anD. the
9. A. surpriseB. surprisingC. surprisinglyD. surprised
10. A. andB. rC. butD. s