2022版高考英语（译林版）一轮复习学案： 选修6 unit 4 课时提能练34 Word版含答案

这是一份2022版高考英语（译林版）一轮复习学案： 选修6 unit 4 课时提能练34 Word版含答案，共12页。

Ⅰ.语境语法填空
A
The UN is an internatinal rganizatin cnsisting f cuntries that want t prmte wrld peace.It 1.was_set(set) up just after the Secnd Wrld War by 51 cuntries 2.while tday 192 cuntries altgether.The UN has fur main functins：t keep internatinal peace; t develp friendly 3.relatinships(relatinship) amng natins；t wrk tgether in 4.slving(slve) internatinal plitical cnflicts and in prmting respect fr human rights；and t be a centre fr rganizing the actins 5.r wrk f different natins.
Apart frm the urgent prblems 6.caused(cause) by wars and disasters，the UN helps cuntries 7.with ther prblems such as lack f educatin，8.starvatin (starve)，disasters，AIDS and ther diseases.At 9.a UN meeting in 2000，all f its members agreed t try and meet eight develpment gals by the year 2015，ne f which 10.is(be) t ensure that clean water is available t everyne and anther is that all children cmplete primary educatin.
B
Nwadays many peple lack healthy fd n accunt f envirnmental pllutin.What's wrse，in sme places，it is impssible fr peple 1.t_drink(drink) clean water.
Luckily，the gvernment is trying every means t help them and the public als cntribute mney t them.On the ther hand，the nnfficial envirnmental rganizatin 2.referred(refer) t just advcates the use f green pwer，which is 3.beneficial(benefit)t ur envirnment，at the same time，if nly we culd use sme alternative means f transprt such as buses and bikes，ur living envirnment wuld becme better.
In a wrd，what we have dne will make much 4.difference (differ) t ur envirnment.
Ⅱ.语境短文改错
根据课文内容，对下面材料进行修改。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
I am a nurse wrking fr Dctrs withut Brders，a internatinal rganizatin that prvide free medical services arund the wrld.Yesterday my clleagues n the medical team and I arrive at the island nly t find everything n chas.There is mud and water everywhere，make it difficult t travel frm place t place.What's wrse，the hspital is bad damaged and in a mess，that can't be used at the mment.We are ging t set ff a temprary clinic there.Medical supplies are nw n their way frm the abrad.It is hped the peple injured in the disaster can be treated in time.
[答案]
I am a nurse wrking fr Dctrs withut Brders，eq \f(a,an) internatinal rganizatin that eq \f(prvide,prvides) free medical services arund the wrld.Yesterday my clleagues n the medical team and I eq \f(arrive,arrived) at the island nly t find everything eq \f(n,in) chas.There is mud and water everywhere，eq \f(make,making) it difficult t travel frm place t place.What's wrse，the hspital is eq \f(bad,badly) damaged and in a mess，eq \f(that,which) can't be used at the mment.We are ging t set eq \f(ff,up) a temprary clinic there.Medical supplies are nw n their way frm the abrad.It is hped eq \(\s\up7(∧),\s\d5(that)) the peple injured in the disaster can be treated in time.
Ⅲ.根据提示补全句子
1．外国学习者很难理解唐诗的真实含义和文化。(sth.＋be＋adj.＋t d)
The true meaning and the culture f Tang pems are_difficult_t_understand fr a freign learner.
2．我胃不舒服，我倒希望没有吃那么多。(wuld rather)
I have an upset stmach and I wuld_rather I hadn't_eaten s much.
3．由于缺钱，可怜的女孩不能买这本书。(lack)
The pr girl can't buy this bk fr_lack_f_mney.
4．提醒我在出去之前给艾伦打个电话。(remind)
Remind_me_t_phne Alan befre I g ut.
课时作业B：能力层面
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2019·昆明市诊断测试)Wh're happier，men r wmen? Research shws it's a cmplex questin and that asking whether males r females are happier isn't really that helpful，because basically，happiness is different fr wmen and men.
Wmen's happiness has been declining fr the past 30 years，accrding t recent statistics.And research shws that wmen are twice as likely t experience depressin cmpared with men.Gender (性别) differences in depressin are well cnfirmed and studies have fund that bilgical，psychlgical and scial factrs cntribute t the difference.
Early studies n gender and happiness fund men and wmen were scialized t express different feelings.Wmen are mre likely t express happiness，warmth and fear，which help with scial bnding and appear mre cnsistent with the traditinal rle as a primary caregiver，while men display mre anger，pride and disrespect，which are mre cnsistent with a prtectr and prvider rle.
Recent research suggests that these differences are nt just scially，but als genetically related.Studies have lked int these findings further and discvered that females use mre areas f the brain cntaining mirrr neurns (镜像神经元) than males when they prcess feelings.Mirrr neurns allw us t experience the wrld frm ther peple's view，t understand their actins and intentins.This may explain why wmen can experience deeper sadness.Wmen tend t experience mre negative feelings，such as mre guilt，shame and t a lesser degree，embarrassment.
Psychlgically it seems men and wmen differ in the way they prcess and express feelings.With the exceptin f anger，wmen experience feelings mre strngly and share their feelings mre penly with thers.Studies have fund in particular that wmen express mre appreciatin—which has been linked t greater happiness.This supprts the thery that wmen's happiness is mre dependent n relatinships than men's.
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。文章从社会、生理和心理三个方面介绍了男性和女性在幸福感上的差异。
1．Which feeling are men mre likely t shw cmpared with wmen?
A．Warmth.B．Depressin.
C．Happiness.D．Disrespect.
D [细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句中的“while men display mre anger，pride and disrespect”可知，男性表现更多的是生气、骄傲和无礼，故选D。]
2．What factrs cause wmen t share feelings mre penly?
A．Psychlgical factrs.
B．Bilgical factrs.
C．Educatinal factrs.
D．Scial factrs.
A [细节理解题。根据最后一段的内容可知，本段从心理方面介绍了男性和女性在处理和表达感情方面的不同：与男性相比，女性更加公开地表露自己内心的情感。]
3．One can prbably read the text frm________.
A．a science fictin
B．a culture brchure
C．a nursery guide
D．a health magazine
D [推理判断题。根据本文内容可知，本文主要从社会、生理和心理三个方面分析了男性和女性在幸福感上的差异。由此可推知，本文有可能摘自一本健康杂志，故选D项。]
4．What is the text mainly abut?
A．Men and wmen differ in bilgy and psychlgy.
B．Men and wmen experience happiness differently.
C．Scial rles have a great effect n men and wmen.
D．Wmen's happiness has declined in the past years.
B [主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文从社会、生理和心理三个方面分析了男性和女性在幸福感上的差异，故B项最符合文意。]
B
(2019·成都市毕业班摸底测试)As evlutin tends t remve waste，hw cme we evlved such large，energy­cnsuming brains? The dminant hypthesis(假设) suggests that tugh scial interactins are the driving frce.But ur new study dne in an unusual way shws that human brain expansin is likely driven by eclgy(生态)．
Scientists have tested the eclgical and scial hyptheses befre.The cmmn apprach is t lk at many species and investigate whether large brains are assciated with specific prblems.Fr example，d primates r ther animals with large brains have a diet that is challenging t find but nutritinally rewarding? This wuld indicate an eclgical rigin.Or d they live in large grups where they face lts f scial prblems?
While many studies have fund such assciatins，there is a prblem.It cannt tell whether large brains evlved t slve the difficult prblems r whether they evlved fr ther reasns and then enabled their bearers t deal with the hard prblems.
T find ut the causes f brain expansin，we recreated the scenaris(可能出现的情况) f the tw hyptheses using a mathematical mdel.We fund that a cmbinatin f eclgical and scial challenges d prduce the brain size we see in humans.But it was eclgical challenges that expanded brains.In cntrast t the dminant view and ur wn expectatin，we fund that scial challenges cntributed by decreasing brain size.But yu need bth factrs t get the brain size we see tday—if there were n scial challenges ur brains wuld have been even larger but likely prly suited t scial life.Bigger isn't necessarily better.
But many animals face hard eclgical prblems.Why dn't they all have large brains? We fund that eclgical prblems nly lead t human­sized brains when individuals can keep learning hard skills as they grw.S ur results and thse f thers' suggest that hard eclgy and the accumulatin f cultural knwledge culd act tgether t prduce a human­sized brain.
Will the human brain expand further? The cmplexity f the systems invlved makes it impssible t say much with certainty at present.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。科学研究发现，人类大脑的大小是由生态环境和文化知识的积累的共同作用决定的；大脑并非越大越好，如果大脑过大，则人类将无法适应社会交往活动。
5．In mst peple's view，what makes human evlve large brains?
A．Scial challenges.
B．Scial and eclgical challenges.
C．Eclgical challenges.
D．Cmpetitin with ther large animals.
A [细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“The dminant hypthesis(假设)suggests that tugh scial interactins are the driving frce”并结合第一段内容可知，大部分人认为棘手的社会交往活动是人类大脑进化的动力，故A项正确。]
6．What's the prblem f the cmmn apprach?
A．Its mdel is nt reliable enugh.
B．It desn't tell the cause and effect clearly.
C．Its hypthesis cannt be prved effectively.
D．It desn't find brain size is cnnected with prblems.
B [细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“It cannt tell whether large brains evlved t slve the difficult prblems r whether they evlved fr ther reasns and then enabled their bearers t deal with the hard prblems”可知，传统的研究方法无法解释清楚大脑进化的原因和影响，故B项正确。]
7．Why dn't many animals have large brains?
A．They dn't learn frm each ther.
B．They dn't face hard eclgical prblems.
C．They dn't need t cperate with each ther.
D．They dn't keep learning tugh skills as they grw.
D [推理判断题。根据第五段第二、三句“Why dn't they all have large brains? We fund that eclgical prblems nly lead t human­sized brains when individuals can keep learning hard skills as they grw”可知，只有当个体在成长过程中不断学习艰难的技能时，生态环境才会导致人类特定大小的大脑。据此可以判断，动物在成长过程中并没有持续学习艰难的技能，所以动物没有大的大脑，故D项正确。]
8．Which f the fllwing d the researchers find mst surprising?
A．Animals dn't have large brains.
B．Scial challenges decrease brain size.
C．Eclgical challenges increase brain size.
D．It's unclear whether human brains will expand further.
B [细节理解题。根据第四段第四句“In cntrast t the dminant view and ur wn expectatin，we fund that scial challenges cntributed by decreasing brain size”可知，与主流观点及我们自己的预期相反，我们发现社会挑战导致大脑变小。据此可知，社会挑战导致大脑变小是令人惊讶的发现，故B项正确。]
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2019·石家庄市重点高中摸底考试)On my way back hme I was stpped at traffic lights by sme peple wh asked fr help.A wman—in her attempt t give __1__ t an ambulance—had driven her car ver stny bstacles that separated the bike line frm the street，and，as a result，had gtten her car __2__.She culdn't mve the car in any __3__ withut damaging it.A cuple f peple tried t __4__ the car back but the bstacles were t high.Seeing that they culdn't d much abut it，they left.The wman in the car tried t __5__ sme service，and was tld that it wuld take abut 45 minutes fr smene t get there.
While watching the ther peple __6__，I realized the wman wuld be n her wn and I imagined hw __7__ that wuld be if I were in her shes.After sme talking，she __8__ me t sit inside her car.
I wasn't in a hurry，s I __9__ my family that I wuld be later and then tried t __10__ the wman wh seemed t feel stressed abut causing thers __11__.But actually it wasn't t much truble __12__ they culd still pass，and als there wasn't anything she culd d abut it __13__.We laughed and __14__ that all we needed was sme tea fr ur picnic.
Finally __15__ came and helped her back n the street.She __16__me and asked fr my phne number s she culd return the __17__，but I tld her it was kay.She seemed t feel much __18__ when we said ur gdbyes.I believe that nt having t face a difficult situatin __19__ can make a lt f __20__.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者安慰并帮助一位在马路上因为给救护车让行而陷入困境的女士的故事。
1．A.signalB．way
C．timeD．help
B [一位女士试图给一辆救护车让行。give way t...“让行”，为固定搭配。故选B。]
2．A.stuckB．brken
C．dirtyD．abandned
A [根据下文“She culdn't mve the car”可推知，因为给救护车让行，这位女士的车卡(stuck)在那里不能动弹。]
3．A.senseB．minute
C．directinD．line
C [在不损坏车的情况下，无论往哪个方向(directin)都无法移动。]
4．A.liftB．hld
C．pullD．drive
A [根据上文“She culdn't mve the car”以及下文“but the bstacles were t high”可推知，车子卡在那里，障碍物太高，不能被抬(lift)回来。]
5．A.fferB．seek
C．refuseD．take
B [那位女士在车里试图寻求(seek)一些服务。]
6．A.shutB．discuss
C．standD．leave
D [根据上文中的“Seeing that they culdn't d much abut it，they left”可知，当时其他人因为帮不了什么忙，都走开(leave)了。]
7．A.amazingB．pleasant
C．uneasyD．incredible
C [根据上文可知，那位女士的车被卡在障碍物上，其他人又帮不上忙，作者将心比心，觉得此情此景，那位女士一定不舒服(uneasy)，与下文“the wman wh seemed t feel stressed abut causing thers _______”呼应。]
8．A.frcedB．invited
C．rderedD．allwed
B [根据语境可推知，那位女士邀请(invited)作者坐进她的车里。]
9．A.cnsultedB．warned
C．advisedD．infrmed
D [根据语境及下文“I wuld be later”可推知，作者告知(infrmed)家人一些情况。]
10．A.persuadeB．cmfrt
C．frightenD．satisfy
B [根据空后的“the wman wh seemed t feel stressed abut causing thers ________”可推知，那位女士似乎感到焦虑不安，作者试图宽慰(cmfrt)她，这与下文“We laughed and ________ that all we needed was sme tea fr ur picnic”呼应。]
11．A.trubleB．disbelief
C．anxietyD．embarrassment
A [根据下文中的“But actually it wasn't t much truble ________ they culd still pass”可推知，那位女士认为给他人带来麻烦(truble)而感到焦虑不安。]
12．A.thughB．until
C．sinceD．unless
C [根据语境可推知，此处前后内容表示逻辑上的因果关系。故since“因为”符合语境。]
13．A.anywayB．therefre
C．stillD．smehw
A [根据上文“She culdn't mve the car in any ________ withut damaging it”可推知，无论如何(anyway)，那位女士对当时那种情况也是无能为力的。]
14．A.rememberedB．realized
C．thughtD．jked
D [由空前的“We laughed”可推知，作者和那位女士当时都笑了，并且开着玩笑(jked)。]
15．A.newsB．my partner
C．assistanceD．an ambulance
C [根据空后的“helped her back n the street”可推知，最终援助(assistance)到了，帮那位女士回到了路上。]
16．A.greetedB．thanked
C．acceptedD．attracted
B [根据语境可知，作者去安慰那位受困的女士，那位女士在最终解困后应是感谢(thanked)作者。]
17．A.carB．cmpany
C．favrD．picnic
C [根据语境可推知，那位女士想要作者的电话号码，以回报作者的帮助(favr)。]
18．A.nervusB．unwilling
C．disappintedD．better
D [根据语境可知，那位女士从困境中解脱出来，感觉比之前好了许多。故D项符合语境。]
19．A.alneB．bravely
C．bitterlyD．directly
A [根据上文可知，由于作者的帮助和安慰，那位女士最终心情变得好了许多，由此可推知，她当时不是独自(alne)面对困境。]
20．A.decisinB．frtune
C．chiceD．difference
D [作者认为不用独自面对困境可以产生很大影响(difference)。]
Ⅲ.书面表达
(2019·成都市第二次诊断性检测)假如你是李华，你班本周日将举办植树活动，请给你班外教Jenny发一封邮件，邀请她参加。内容包括：
1．活动安排；
2．注意事项；
3．盼回复参与意向。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Jenny，
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
Yurs，
Li Hua
【参考范文】
Dear_Jenny，
I'm very glad t invite yu t participate in the tree­planting activity this Sunday, which is rganized by ur class.
On that day, we'll gather at the schl gate at 9：00 'clck in the mrning and take a bus t get t the destinatin：the hill three miles frm ur schl.
On arrival, we'll be divided int several grups t take part in different tasks, including carrying trees, planting trees, watering trees and s n. I believe it will be an unfrgettable experience if we keep safety in mind.
I wuld really appreciate it if yu write back t me and tell me yur decisin!
Yurs，
Li_Hua