2021学年Unit 3 Sea Exploration学案

这是一份2021学年Unit 3 Sea Exploration学案，共17页。

无法抗拒之“暖”——与海洋酸化相比，日益上升的气温是对珊瑚更为直接的威胁。珊瑚，尤其是热带珊瑚，适应气候的能力较弱，极易受到海水表面高温的伤害。当海水温度升高时，与珊瑚共生的藻类就会大量离开，成片的彩色珊瑚因此会变得像骨头一样惨白，而后很快死去，这种现象被称为珊瑚白化或“白色瘟疫”。
Cral Reefs: the First Indicatr f Climate Change
Here in the nrthern Red Sea in the Bay f Aqaba, Israeli scientists have discvered smething extrardinary. Despite higher water temperatures, these crals are healthy and even thriving. We fund that crals are nt bleaching①. We've never witnessed any bleaching event which is s cmmn elsewhere. T find ut why, small crals were subjected t② bleaching cnditins in the labratry. Their ruddy③ clur is a sign f gd health. Bleaching cnditins are usually cnsidered as 1 t 2 degrees abve the summer maximum and there was n bleaching. We elevated the temperature furthermre and nly at 5 and 6 degrees abve sme maximum, they shwed signs f stress and bleaching.
But hw can the crals here withstand④ such high temperatures when mass cral bleaching is ccurring elsewhere? The answer may be fund 18,000 years ag when the Red Sea was much htter. In rder t survive cnditins, very ht cnditins in the suthern Red Sea, they had t be r underg selectin twards thermally resilient (适应力强的) crals. Thse that suffer frm the ht, the very ht cnditins dwn there didn't survive, and s crals that we see here nwadays are the nes that are descendants f the nes that survived. The study als indicates that future generatins f cral in the Bay f Aqaba will als be immune t⑤ bleaching. And while we're aware that temperatures are rising in the Gulf f Aqaba, perhaps at a faster rate than the glbal average, still we have abut a hundred years befre these crals will experience bleaching cnditins r crss the bleaching threshld⑥. Cral reefs are ften the first indicatr f climate change. Their lss wuld raise the risk f extinctin f thusands f fish species and ther marine life.
【注】
①bleach vt.(使)变白；漂白；晒白；褪色
②be subjected t经受；承受；遭受；经历
③ruddy adj.红的；红润的
④withstand vt.承受；经受住
⑤be immune t对……有免疫力；不受……的影响
⑥threshld n．阈值；临界值
Sectin Ⅰ Reading, Listening and Thinking
Ⅰ.核心词汇
1．________ n. 故事；叙述
2．________ n. 等级；水平；联合会；联赛
3．________ vi. & vt. (使)撤回；撤离
4．________ n. 航道；海峡；频道
5．________ n. 纽带；关系
vt. & vi. 增强信任关系；使牢固结合
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
1．________ vt.扩展；使伸长；延长→________ n．扩大；延长
2．________ vt.商定；达成(协议) vi.谈判；磋商；协商→________ n．谈判；磋商；协商
3．________ adj.皇家的；王室的；高贵的→________ n．王室成员；版税
Ⅲ.阅读词汇
1．________________ n. 商人；批发商
adj. 海上货运的
2．fleet n. ________________
3．spice n. ________________
4．maritime adj. ________________
Ⅳ.重点短语
1．________ sb. t d sth. 激励某人做某事
2．search ________ 寻找
3．________ sail 起航；开航
4．lead ________ 导致；通向
5．________ a league f ne's wn 独领风骚
6．________ the cmmand f... 在……的指挥下
7．in return ________ 作为……的报答
8．withdraw ________ 退出；撤回
9．cntinue ________ sth. 继续做某事
10．fr the benefit ________ 为……的利益
11．________ a scientific pint f view从科学的角度看
12．________ hand 在手头；可供使用
Ⅴ.重点句型
1．在古代，中国的丝绸通过陆路运达印度、中东和罗马，这条路就是有名的“丝绸之路”。
In ancient times, silk frm China fund its way verland t India, the Middle East, and Rme, alng ________ became knwn as the Silk Rad.
2．几个世纪以来，随着贸易的发展，中国西部地区得到了更多的探索，正如8世纪时，杜环在《经行记》中所记载的那样。
Over the centuries, further trading allwed mre explratin f the regins t the west f China, ________ recrded in Du Huan's Recrd f My Travels in the eighth century.
3．数百年过去了，在掌握了最新技术的情况下，贸易需求和加强关系的愿望将推动中国向遥远的未来跨越海洋。
Hundreds f years n, and ________ the latest technlgy ________________ , the need t trade and the desire t enhance relatinships will drive China t reach ut acrss the sea far int the future.
根据课文内容选择正确答案
1．Wh was (were) the earliest explrer(s) f the Western Ocean?
A．Marc Pl.
B．Christpher Clumbus.
C．Eurpean explrers.
D．Brave merchants.
2．African ryal families sent gifts such as giraffes t China in rder t ________.
A．make mney
B．stp the war
C．shw their friendship
D．award the Ambassadr
3．In Du Huan's bk Recrd f My Travels yu can learn abut ________.
A．Marc Pl
B．many freign cuntries
C．Christpher Clumbus
D．ways t make silk
4．Which f the fllwing can be inferred frm the text?
A．Clumbus explratin was stpped fr ecnmic reasns.
B．N accurate maps f the cuntries arund the Indian Ocean existed befre Zheng He.
C．China will have mre expeditins acrss the sea far int the future.
D．The giraffe was an animal that culd nt be fund in China in the Ming Dynasty.
►第一版块|重点词汇诠释
1.set sail起航；开航(其后常用介词fr)
含有set的其他常用搭配
set up 建立；创立
set abut (ding) sth. 开始/着手(做)某事(尤指费时费力的事)
set ut t d sth. 开始/着手做某事
暂不考虑；对……置之不理；拨出，留出(钱、时间等)
set dwn 写下；记下；制定，规定(准则、原则等)
set ff (fr)．.. 动身(前往……)；引爆；激发(尤指意外事件)
be set in... 以……为背景
❶In 1891, at the age f 17, he set sail fr Alexandria, Egypt. By the 1920s, he had becme an explrer, searching fr the tmbs f the Egyptian kings.1891年，在17岁的时候，他扬帆远航到了埃及的亚历山大。到了20世纪20年代，他已成为一名寻找古埃及国王的陵墓的探险家。
❷Zheng He set sail fr the “Western Ocean” seven times between 1405 and 1433.郑和于1405至1433年间七次下“西洋”。
❸Encuraged by the advances in technlgy, many farmers have set up wind farms n their land.受技术进步的鼓舞，许多农民在他们的土地上建起了风力发电场。
❹We need t set abut finding a slutin.我们得着手找一个解决办法。
❺The gvernment has set ut t make many needed refrms.政府已经着手进行许多必要的改革。
❻She tries t set aside sme mney every mnth.她每个月都尽量存点钱。
❼Ralph Wald Emersn wuld always set dwn new ideas that ccurred t him.
拉尔夫·沃尔多·爱默生总是记下他突然想到的新想法。
❽A grup f bys were setting ff firewrks in the street.一群男孩子正在街上放烟花。
❾The nvel is set in Lndn in the 1960s.这部小说以20世纪60年代的伦敦为背景。
特别提示：
set sail fr smeplace中的fr不能换成t。表示“到……地方去”时用介词fr而不用t的短语还有：leave fr (动身前往……)；head fr (朝……去)；set ff fr (动身去……)。
[即学即练] 用含set的短语完成句子
①Cnsidering his health, I advise him t ________________ an hur r tw each day t wrk ut.
②The film is ________________ a remte village in Western China.
③As he was getting n the hrse ready t ________________， he fund that the rad was blcked.
④When the meeting was ver, he ________________ writing a reprt abut it immediately.
⑤He was asked t ________________ the facts just as he remembered.
⑥Many websites have been ________________ t help peple study freign languages.
⑦As sn as the crew (船员) were attacked, the plice ________________ t lk int the matter.
2.negtiate vt.商定；达成(协议) vi.谈判；磋商；协商
(1)negtiate with sb. abut/fr sth.＝negtiate sth. with sb.
与某人协商/谈判某事
(2)negtiatin n. 协商；谈判
under negtiatin (＝being negtiated) 在协商/谈判中
in negtiatin with (＝be negtiating with) 和……协商/谈判中
(3)negtiatr n. 协商者；谈判代表
❶Our English teacher is negtiating with the headmaster fr the use f the library.＝Our English teacher is negtiating the use f the library with the headmaster.
我们的英语老师正在同校长协商使用图书馆的事。
❷The exact details f the agreement are still under negtiatin.协议的具体细节仍在协商中。
语境助记：
The negtiatrs are negtiating with the bss fr mre pay and the negtiatin ges very well.谈判代表正在和老板为增加工资进行协商，并且谈判进行得很顺利。
[即学即练] 用negtiate的正确形式填空/完成句子
①After lng hurs f ________________， the tw parties finally reached an agreement.
②He is a tugh ________________.
③The issue under ________________ is where the tw sides disagree.
④我将与我们的教练就比赛日期进行协商。
→I'll negtiate ________________ ur cach ________________ the date f the match.
→I'll negtiate the date f the match ________________ ur cach.
⑤目前正在就这项提案进行磋商。
→The prpsal is nw ________________.
→The prpsal is nw ________________.
3.a sight t behld 壮观的景象
(1)sight n. [U]视力；看见；视野[C]看得见的事物；景象；[pl.]名胜
at first sight 乍一看；初次看到时
at the sight f... 一看到……
catch sight sight f... 看见……/看不见……
in sight/ut f sight 在视线内/不在视线内
in the sight f... 在……眼中；在……看来
(2)shrt­sighted/near­sighted 近视的；无远见的
(3)far­sighted/lng­sighted 远视的；有远见的
❶The sunrise at the seaside was quite a sight t behld.海滨日出是个比较壮观的景象。
❷She lst her sight in an accident.她在一场事故中失明了。
❸It was my first sight f a rbt.这是我第一次看到机器人。
❹Never let yur child ut f yur sight fr a mment.一刻都不能让你的孩子离开你的视线。
❺The sunrise was a beautiful sight.日出的景象很美。
❻Delia enjyed the sights f Lndn.迪莉娅很喜欢伦敦的名胜。
❼At first sight, there is nthing special abut the watch, but in fact it is a mbile phne.
乍一看，那块表没什么特别之处，但实际上它是一部手机。
❽Sme peple will faint at the sight f bld.有些人一见血就晕。
联想拓展：
a jy/pleasure t behld
The beauty f the garden was a pleasure/jy t behld.花园美景，赏心悦目。
[即学即练] 翻译短文，注意sight的不同用法
When I caught sight f a girl wearing a white dress in the street, in the sight f me, she was just like a gddess. I thught this was lve at first sight. But sn afterwards, she was ut f sight. Hwever, she was nt ut f my mind. She came int my sight again when I was enjying beautiful sights f the city. I knew I culdn't let her g. I was near­sighted. When I had the chance t lk at her clsely, I was astnished at the sight f her face. She lked like ne f my friends.
4.in return fr作为……的报酬；作为……的回报
in return 作为回报
❶Liz agreed t lk after the baby in return fr a free rm.
利兹同意照看婴儿，条件是要有一间免费房间。
❷He is always helping peple withut expecting anything in return.
他一直不求任何回报地帮助他人。
联想拓展：近义短语
in reward fr...作为对……的报酬
She gt very little in reward fr his hard wrk.她虽辛苦工作，得到的报酬却很少。
[即学即练] 完成句子/翻译句子
①我希望我能做点什么事情以报答她的好意。
I wish I culd d smething ______________________________.
②We ffer an excellent all­rund educatin t ur students. In return, we expect students t wrk hard.
________________________________________________________________________
5.in hand在手头；可供使用
at hand 可能很快发生的；在手边，在近处
by hand 用手工；亲手递交的
give/lend sb. a hand 帮助某人
g hand in hand 密切关联
n the ne the ther hand... 一方面……另一方面……
❶Recent ecnmic perfrmance suggests that a majr crisis is at hand.
最近的经济状况预示着一场重大的危机可能即将到来。
❷These mncakes are made by hand.这些月饼是手工制作的。
❸Let me give yu a hand with thse bags.我来帮你拎那些包吧。
❹Pverty and pr health ften g hand in hand.贫困和身体不好常有密切关系。
❺On the ne hand, they'd lve t have kids, but n the ther hand, they dn't want t give up their freedm.
一方面，他们想要孩子，但另一方面，他们不愿意放弃自由。
高考助记：
①With the cming f new technlgies like a cmputers and smartphnes, writing by hand has becme a thing f the past.随着诸如计算机和智能手机等新技术的出现，手写已成为过去的事。
②Several frmer teachers were n hand t tell stries abut the ld days.几位以前的教师在现场讲述过去的事情。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①If yu apply yurself t the jb ________ hand, yu'll sn finish it.
②T make it easier t get in tuch with us, yu'd better keep this card ________ hand.
③On ne hand, shpping nline makes shpping a lt easier and mre cnvenient; ________ the ther hand, paying nline has risks.
④They entered the rm, hand ________ hand.
►第二版块|重点句型解构
1．(教材P26)In ancient times, silk frm China fund its way verland t India, the Middle East, and Rme, alng what became knwn as the Silk Rad.在古代，中国的丝绸通过陆路运达印度、中东和罗马，这条路就是有名的“丝绸之路”。
[句式分析] 本句中what引导的是名词性从句中的宾语从句
what引导名词性从句时，在从句中作主语、宾语、表语等，表示“……的……”，相当于“the＋n.＋that...”。
❶What I care is yur attitude twards the matter.
我关心的是你对这件事的态度。(what引导主语从句，在从句中作宾语)
❷The by dived int the water and after what seemed t be a lng time, he came up again.男孩跳进水里，过了好像很久之后，他才又从水里出来。(what引导宾语从句，在从句中作主语)
❸I dn't knw what he needs.我不知道他需要什么。(what引导宾语从句，在从句中作宾语)
❹In 1492, Clumbus reached what is nw called America.1492年，哥伦布到达了现在所称的美洲。(what引导宾语从句，在从句中作主语)
❺A ship is safe in harbur, but that's nt what ships are built fr.船在港口里是安全的，但那不是建造船的目的。(what引导表语从句，在从句中作介词宾语)
[即学即练] 完成句子
①这次大会超出了我的预期。
The cnference was beynd ________________________________.
②我无法想象昨天这里发生了什么。
I can't imagine ________________________.
③我想知道的是我能做什么来帮助你学习英语。
What I want t knw is ________________________ t help with yur English.
④让我印象最深刻的是我的家乡变化很大。
________________________ is that my hmetwn has changed a lt.
2.(教材P26)Over the centuries，further trading allwed mre explratin f the regins t the west f China, as recrded in Du Huan's Recrd f My Travels in the eighth century.几个世纪以来，随着贸易的进一步发展，中国西部地区得到了更多的开发，这一点在8世纪杜环的《经行记》中有所记载。
[句式分析] as引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为一句话，as指代前面句子的内容。
关系代词as引导定语从句时，在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。
(1)as引导的非限制性定语从句，有“正如”之意，可放在主句前、中或后，但常放于主句之前。
(2)as引导的限制性定语从句，先行词常被the same、such、as、s等修饰。
❶As the ld saying ges, “D as the Rmans d.”(谚)常言道，入乡随俗。
❷As is knwn t everyne, Mark Twain is a great American writer.
众所周知，马克·吐温是一位伟大的美国作家。
❸As is ften the case with children, Amy was better by the time the dctr arrived.
正如孩子们常有的情况一样，医生到的时候Amy就好些了。
❹He is nt such a fl as he lks.他不像看起来那么傻。
❺The T­shirt I received is nt the same as is shwn nline.
我收到的T恤和网上展示的不一样。
名师点津：as, which的区别
①as引导的定语从句可置于主句前，而which引导的不可以。
②as引导定语从句时，常有“正如”之意，而which没有。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/句型转换
①Her manner and attitudes twards him were quite the same ________ they had always been.
②There is n simple answer, ________ is ften the case in science.
③This is such a difficult questin ________ nbdy can wrk ut.
→This is such a difficult questin ________ nbdy can wrk it ut.
④________ is reprted that the number f smkers has drpped by 17 percent in just ne year.
→The number f smkers, ________ is reprted, has drpped by 17 percent in just ne year.
3.(教材P27)Hundreds f years n, and with the latest technlgy in hand, the need t trade and the desire t enhance relatinships will drive China t reach ut acrss the sea far int the future.数百年过去了，在掌握了最新技术的情况下，贸易需求和加强关系的愿望将推动中国跨越海洋奔向未来。
[句式分析] “with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”称为with的复合结构，此结构在句中常作状语，可位于句首或句尾，常作时间、原因、方式、伴随状语，亦可作后置定语，可以使句子变得简洁。结构如下：
with＋宾语＋介词短语/adj.(adj.表示状态)/adv.(adv.表示状态)/dne(dne表示完成或被动)/ding(ding表示主动或正在进行)/t d (t d表示将来，有时用主动形式表示被动意义)
❶Withut anyne nticing, I entered the rm.没有人注意，我进入了房间。
❷In summer, she usually sleeps with the windws pen.夏天，她通常开着窗子睡觉。
❸With much hmewrk t d, I can't g skating with yu.
因为有很多作业要做，我不能和你一起去滑冰了。
❹They sat tgether arund the table, with the dr shut.他们关着门围桌而坐。
名师指津：
(1)注意作补足语的三种非谓语动词形式t d、ding、dne之间的区别，把握动作是主动、被动还是进行。
(2)具体分析作宾语补足语的动词与逻辑主语即句子宾语之间的逻辑关系，再结合动作发生的时间(未发生、正在发生或已经发生)来选择合适的形式。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/句式升级
①Mrever, wider and better scial benefits can be reached with the psitive scial images ________ (build)．
②The ld cuple ften take a walk after supper in the park with their pet dg ________ (fllw) them.
③With many bks ________ (buy), ur teacher went t the biggest bkstre.
④All the lights are n, and the square lks mre beautiful.
→________________________， the square lks mre beautiful.
⑤After mst f the prblems were slved, I felt a great weight taken ff my mind.
→________________________， I felt a great weight taken ff my mind.
⑥Because my teacher helps me, my English has greatly imprved.
→________________________， my English has greatly imprved.
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．There are plans t ________ (扩大) the n­smking area.
2．They shuld ________ (协商) with the ther players t get the best rate pssible.
3．Bth pwers ________ (撤离) their frces frm the regin.
4．The ________ (航道) had chcked up with sand s that bats culdn't use it.
5．In sme cultures friendship means a strng lifelng ________ (关系) between tw peple.
6．We were treated t a ________ (皇家的，王室的) feast.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．Tw hurs later, the ship will set sail ________ Japan.
2．A cntract is prepared in negtiatin ________ ur clients.
3．With a lt f difficult prblems ________ (settle), the newly elected president is having a hard time.
4．At first, I thught Mr. Li was kind f dd, because he was always asking such questins ________ n ne culd answer.
5．I fund an ld man lying n the grund and I tk him t hspital in a taxi immediately, ________ was why I was late that mrning.
6．With the little by ________ (lead) the way, we had n difficulty finding the village.
7．I gave her sme rses in return ________ the kindness I had received frm him.
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．手头有足够的资料，我们可以开始工作了。
________________________， we can set t wrk.
2．担心考试，我睡得一点也不好。
________________________， I culdn't have a sund sleep.
3．正如我们所知道的一样，台湾属于中国。
________________________， Taiwan belngs t China.
4．他不是这样一个把今天能做的事拖到明天做的人。
He isn't ________________________ puts ff what he can d tday till tmrrw.
Ⅳ.课文语法填空
Trade and curisity have ften cntributed t mankind's greatest 1.________ (achieve). In ancient times, silk frm China gt t India, the Middle East, and Rme, alng the rad 2.________ became knwn as the Silk Rad. A trading rute acrss the sea 3.________ (extend) alng the casts f the Indian Ocean, where merchants frm China and many ther places met 4.________ (negtiate) trade deals. Over the centuries, further trading allwed mre explratin f the regins t the west f China, as 5.________ (recrd) in Du Huan's Recrd f My Travels. Between 1405 6.________ 1433, seven large fleets under the cmmand f Zheng He sailed west n vyages f trade and explratin. African ryal families sent gifts such as giraffes as gestures f friendship 7.________ return fr gld, silk, and spices. T reach ut acrss the sea remains 8.________ strng desire tday. Trading has grwn 9.________ (great) in recent years. China has als jined 10.________ (it) friends acrss the sea n ther imprtant prjects. China will have mre expeditins acrss the sea far int the future.
Unit 3 Sea Explratin
Sectin Ⅰ Reading, Listening and Thinking
新知感知·自学导引
Ⅰ.核心词汇
1．tale 2.league 3.withdraw 4.channel 5.bnd
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
1．extend extensin 2.negtiate negtiatin 3.ryal ryalty
Ⅲ.阅读词汇
1．merchant 2.舰队；机群；车队 3.(调味)香料 4.海的；海运的；海事的
Ⅳ.重点短语
1．inspire 2.fr 3.set 4.t 5.in 6.under 7.fr 8.frm 9.t d 10.f 11.frm 12.in
Ⅴ.重点句型
1．what 2.as 3.with in hand
文本研析·语篇理解
1．D 2.C 3.B 4.C
核心突破·互动探究
►第一版块|重点词汇诠释
1．①set aside ②set in ③set ff ④set abut ⑤set dwn ⑥set up ⑦set ut
2．①negtiatin ②negtiatr ③negtiatin ④with abut/fr with ⑤under negtiatin being negtiated
3．当我在街上看到一位穿着白色连衣裙的女孩时，在我眼中，她就宛如一位女神。我想这就是一见钟情吧。但不久之后，她就不见了。但我对她却念念不忘。当我在欣赏城市的美景时，我再次见到了她。我知道我不能让她离开。我是个近视眼。当我有机会好好看看她时，一看到她的面庞，我感到很吃惊。她长得像我的一个朋友。
4．①in return fr her kindness ②我们为学生提供优质全面的教育。作为回报，我们希望学生能努力学习。
5．①in ②at ③n ④in
►第二版块|重点句型解构
1．①what I had expected ②what happened here yesterday ③what I can d ④What impressed me mst
2．①as ②as ③as that ④It as
3．①built ②fllwing ③t buy ④With all the lights n ⑤With mst f the prblems slved ⑥With my teacher helping me
课时达标·随堂自测
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．extend 2.negtiate 3.withdrew 4.channel 5.bnd 6.ryal
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．fr 2.with 3.t settle 4.as 5.which 6.leading 7.fr
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．Having enugh data in hand 2.With the exam t wrry abut 3.As is knwn t us all 4.such a man as
Ⅳ.课文语法填空
1．achievements 2.which/that 3.was extended 4.t negtiate 5.recrded 6.and 7.in 8.a 9.greatly 10.its