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英语Unit 4 Body Language学案
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这是一份英语Unit 4 Body Language学案，共19页。
Why Bdy Language Is Imprtant?
When yu learn a freign language, yu must learn mre than the vcabulary and the grammar.T cmmunicate successfully, yu must als learn the nnverbal language, r “bdy language” f that culture.“Bdy language” is a term used t describe facial expressins, gestures, and ther mvements f the bdy that send messages.This means f cmmunicatin is s imprtant that we may actually say mre with ur mvements than with wrds.
Fr sme messages, wrds are nt enugh.Speaking a freign language is smetimes difficult because we may nt understand the nnverbal signals f anther culture.Fr example, ndding the head up and dwn is a gesture that may cmmunicate different messages in different parts f the wrld.In Nrth America, it means “I agree”．In the Middle East, ndding the head dwn means “I agree” and up means “I disagree”．In a cnversatin amng Japanese it ften simply means “I'm listening”．
Eye cntact is als very meaningful, but it can als mean different things in different cuntries.In sme Spanishspeaking cuntries, children shw respect t an ld persn by nt lking directly int the persn's eye during a cnversatin.In ther cultures, lking int a persn's eye is expected.Fr example, if yu dn't d it in the United States, peple may think that yu are afraid, embarrassed, r angry.In the Middle East, direct eye cntact in a cnversatin is mre cntinuus than in many ther parts f the wrld.Peple wh are nt used t this may feel uncmfrtable.
开启快乐学习之旅
当你学习一门外语的时候，你必须学习词汇和语法以外的东西。为了能够顺利沟通，你必须学会那一文化的肢体语言。“肢体语言”是用来描述面部表情、姿势以及其他传递信息的身体动作的术语。这种沟通方式很重要，因而我们实际上可能用动作比用话语表达的更多。
对于有些信息，言语是不够的。有时候说一门外语很难，因为我们可能不理解另一文化的非语言信号。比如，上下点头这一姿势在世界不同的地方表达的信息也是不一样的。在北美，这一姿势意味着“我同意”。在中东，低头表示“我同意”，而抬头表示“我不同意”。在日本人的对话当中，它通常只是表示“我在听”。
眼神接触也很有意义，但是它在不同的国家也可以表示不同的意思。在一些说西班牙语的国家，孩子们在与老人的对话中通过不直视对方的眼睛来对对方表示尊敬。在其他文化中，人们期待别人直视眼睛。比如，在美国，如果你不这样做，人们可能会认为你害怕、尴尬或者生气。在中东，对话中直接的眼神接触的时间比世界上很多其他地方更持久。不习惯的人可能会觉得不舒服。
模块核心素养导航
Sectin Ⅰ Reading and Thinking
Ⅰ.重点单词
1．interactin n．交流；相互影响→interact vi.交流；相互影响
2．vary vi.(根据情况)变化；改变→varius adj.多样的，各种各样的→variety n．变化；多样化
3．apprpriate adj.合适的；恰当的→inapprpriate adj.不合适的；不恰当的
4．apprve vi.赞成；同意 vt.批准；通过→apprval n．赞成；批准
5．demnstrate vt.表现；表达；说明；证明→demnstratin n．集会示威；游行示威；示范；演示；证明；说明
6．gesture n．手势；姿势；姿态
7．witness vt.当场看到；目击；见证 n．目击者；证人
8．emply vt.使用；应用；雇用→emplyer n．雇主→emplyee n．雇工
9．identical adj.相同的
10．interpret vt.把……理解(解释)为 vt.& vi.口译→interpretatin n．理解；解释；演绎；演奏方式；表演方式→interpreter n．口译工作者；口译译员
11．differ vi.相异；不同于→different adj.相异的；不同的→difference n．不同；相异
12．cheek n．面颊；脸颊
13．favur vt.较喜欢；选择；有利于 n．帮助；恩惠；赞同→favurable adj.给人好印象的；肯定的；赞同的；支持的；有利的
14．bw vi.鞠躬；点头 vt.低(头) n．弓；蝴蝶结
15．waist n．腰；腰部
16．barrier n．隔阂；障碍
17．fake adj.假装的；假的；冒充的
18．anger n．愤怒；怒气 vt.使生气；激怒→angry adj.生气的
19．reliable adj.可靠的；可信赖的→rely vi.信赖；依靠
20．incident n．发生的事情；严重事件；冲突
21．trial n．& v．审讯；审判；试验；试用
22．slight adj.轻微的；略微的；细小的→slightly adv.略微；稍微
23．twin adj.双胞胎之一的；孪生之一的 n．孪生之一；双胞胎之一
24．nnverbal adj.不涉及言语的；非语言的→verbal adj.涉及言语的；语言的
25．assessment n．评价；评定→assess vt.评估；评价
26．internal adj.内部的；里面的
27．slump vi.垂头弯腰地走(或坐等)
28．pse n．故作姿态；(为画像、拍照等摆的)姿势 vi.摆好姿勢 vt.造成(威胁、问题等)
29．bend vt.& vi.(使)弯曲；倾斜；偏向→bent(过去式)→bent(过去分词)
Ⅱ.重点短语
1．bdy language 身势语；肢体语言
2．vary 从……到……变化
3．lk int smene's eyes 直视某人
4．by cntrast相比之下
5．lk dwn俯视；向下看
6．by cmparisn(与……)相比较
7．make inferences推理；推断
8．figure ut想出；理解；弄清
9．get thrugh完成，干完(尤指难做的任务或工作)；度过，熬过(困难或不快的时期)；通过电话联系上；接通……的电话；通过(考试)
10．break dwn消除；分解；打破
11．feel dwn感到沮丧；情绪消沉
12．in favur f支持
13．tend t_d sth.易于；往往；倾向于；有助于
14．straighten up直起来；整理；收拾整齐
15．end up(通常指意外地)最终到达；最终；结果
Ⅲ.重点句型
1．We can learn a lt abut what peple are thinking by watching_their_bdy_language.
通过观察人们的肢体语言，我们可以了解他们在想什么。
2．In cuntries like France and Russia, peple may kiss_their_friends_n_the_cheek when they meet.
在法国和俄罗斯这样的国家，人们见面时可能会亲吻朋友的脸颊。
3．And if we are feeling dwn r lnely, there is nthing_better_than seeing the smiling face f a gd friend.
如果我们感到沮丧或孤独，没有什么比看到好朋友的笑脸更好的了。
4．Can yu describe a situatin where yu might smile when yu dn't mean it?
你能描述一个当你不是真心的时候你可能会微笑的情况吗？
1 eq \a\vs4\al(interactin n.交流；相互影响)
[典型例句]
There is a need fr mre interactin between staff and children.
教工与学生之间需要更多的交流。
There is an interactin between physical and emtinal illness.
身体疾病与心理疾病之间存在着相互影响。
They are experts n humancmputer interactin.
他们是人机交互专家。
[思维拓展]
interactin between sb./sth.＝interactin with sb./sth. 与……的交流；与……相互影响
interact vi.交流；相互影响
interact with sb.与某人交流；与某人沟通
interact with sth.与……相互影响
Teachers have a limited amunt f time t interact with each child.
教师和每个孩子沟通的时间有限。
Perfume interacts with the skin's natural chemicals.
香水和皮肤的天然化学物质相互作用。
[即时训练]
Millins f peple want new, simplified ways f interacting with a cmputer.
2 eq \a\vs4\al(apprpriate adj.合适的；恰当的)
[典型例句]
It is an apprpriate time t make a speech.
这是发表演讲的合适时间。
This is an apprpriate request fr them.
这对他们来说是个正当的要求。
[思维拓展]
be apprpriate fr/t对……合适
It is apprpriate fr sb.t d sth.适合某人做某事
It is apprpriate(that)……是合适的
His clthes were nt apprpriate fr such a seasn.
他的衣服不适宜在这样的季节穿。
[即时训练]
Nw that we have fund the prblem，we can take apprpriate
(apprpriately) actin.
3 eq \a\vs4\al(apprve vt.赞成；认可；批准vi.赞同)
[典型例句]
Last f all, the chief editr read it and apprved it.
最后主编审读了这篇稿子，并且批准可以发表了。
The gvernment apprved a plan t build mre huses fr the pr t live in.
政府批准了一项计划来建造更多的房子让穷人居住。
[思维拓展]
apprve f sth.赞成；同意
apprve f sb./sb.'s ding sth.赞成某人做某事
apprval n．[U]赞成；批准
Catherine's mther will never apprve f her marriage t yu.
凯瑟琳的母亲永远不会同意她和你结婚。
[即时训练]
Mst f his girlfriends failed t meet with his father's apprval(apprve)．
4 eq \a\vs4\al( demnstrate vt.)
[典型例句]
(1)表达；表露；表现；显露
Yu need t demnstrate mre selfcntrl.
你应该表现出更强的自制力。
(2)证明；证实；论证；说明
These results demnstrate cnvincingly that ur campaign is wrking.
这些结果有力地证明，我们的运动正在发挥作用。
Let me demnstrate t yu sme f the difficulties we are facing.
我来向你说明一下我们面临的一些困难。
(3)示范；演示
Her jb invlves demnstrating new educatinal sftware.
她的工作包括演示新的教学软件。
(4)集会示威；游行示威
They are demnstrating in favur f free higher educatin.
他们举行示威游行，要求实行免费高等教育。
[思维拓展]
demnstrate sth.表现……；表达……
demnstrate sth.t sb.向某人证明……；向某人表达……
demnstrate sth.t be...证明某事……
demnstrate that...证明……
It has been demnstrated that ...已经证明……
demnstrate against...示威反对……
demnstratin n. 集会示威；游行示威；示范；演示；证明；说明
[即时训练]
It has been demnstrated that this drug is effective.
5 eq \a\vs4\al(witness)
[典型例句]
(1)vt.当场看到，目击；见证
Several residents claimed t have witnessed the attack.
几个居民声称他们亲眼看见了那起袭击事件。
(2)n.目击者，证人 常用搭配：
eq \b\lc\{\rc\ (\a\vs4\al\c1(be a witness t sth.目击某事,appear as a witness fr sb.出庭为某人作证,bear/give witness t sth.为……作证))
One witness t the accident said the driver appeared t be drunk.
那起事故的一个目击者说司机好像喝醉了。
He decided t appear as (a) witness fr the prsecutin.
他决定出庭为原告作证。
[即时训练]
Many peple witnessed(witness) the car accident，s it was nt difficult t investigate.
6 eq \a\vs4\al(emply vt. 雇用；利用时间、精力等)
[典型例句]
Our cmpany emplyed abut ne hundred peple.
我们公司雇用了大约一百人。
Yu culd emply yur spare time better.
你可以更好地利用闲暇时间。
[思维拓展]
emply sb.t d... 雇用某人做……
emply 雇用某人为……；聘请某人担任……
be emplyed in ding sth.从事于；忙于做某事
emplyer n．雇主
emplyee n．雇工
[即时训练]
The firm emplyed(emply) the retired prfessr as an adviser.
7 eq \a\vs4\al(interpret )
[典型例句]
(1)vt.把……理解(解释)为
The data can be interpreted in many different ways.
这份资料可以从多方面解读。
(2)vt.& vi.口译
She culdn't speak much English s her children had t interpret fr her.
她讲不了几句英语，所以她的孩子们得给她翻译。
(3)vt.诠释；演绎(按自己的感觉演奏音乐或表现角色)
He interpreted the rle with a lt f humur.
他把这个角色演得十分幽默。
[思维拓展]
interpret 把……理解(解释)为
interpret sth.fr sb.为某人口头翻译
interpret 把……解释成……
interpretatin n．理解；解释；演绎；演奏方式；表演方式
interpreter n．口译工作者；口译译员
[即时训练]
I didn't knw whether t interpret her silence as acceptance r refusal.
8 eq \a\vs4\al(differ vi.不同；相异)
[典型例句]
differ 在……方面不同于……
differ with sb.n/abut sth.关于某事不同于某人的观点。
Custms differ in different cuntries.
各国风俗不同。
The twins differ frm each ther in character.
这对孪生姐妹性格迥异。
I have t differ with yu n that.
在那一点上我不能同意你的看法。
[思维拓展]
different adj.不同的；有差别的
be different 在……方面与……不同
difference n．区别；差异
tell the difference between A and B 说出A与B的区别
make (t)有/没有/有一些……关系/作用/影响
make all the difference 关系重大；大不相同
Whether he cmes r nt makes n difference.
他是否来没有影响。
[即时训练]
In ur daily life, everyne fails every nw and then.It is hw yu react that makes a difference(different)．
9 eq \a\vs4\al(favur＝favr)
[典型例句]
(1)n. 喜爱，偏爱；恩惠，帮助；赞同，支持。
Was he in favur f the death penalty？他赞成死刑吗？
Can I ask a favur f yu？＝Can I ask yu fr a favur?
请您帮个忙，好吗？
D me a favur t turn ff the radi.
帮我把收音机关上。
(2)vt. 较喜欢，选择；有助于，有利于；偏爱。
The president is believed t favur further tax cuts.
人们认为总统会赞同进一步减税。
She always favurs her yungest child.
她总是偏爱她最小的孩子。
[思维拓展]
eq \b\lc\{\rc\ (\a\vs4\al\c1(in favur f...支持/赞成……，为有利于……,in sb.'s favur 对某人有利，有助于某人,d sb.a favur＝d a favur fr sb.帮某人的忙,ask sb.fr a favur＝ask a favur f sb.请求某人帮忙))
favurable adj. 赞同的，有利的
favured adj. 受到宠爱的，得到偏爱的
favurite adj.特别喜欢的 n. 特别喜欢的人/事物
[即时训练]
We were very excited because the scre was 41 in ur favur.
10 eq \a\vs4\al(bw)
[典型例句]
(1)vi 鞠躬，点头。
They bwed t the audience in the end.
最后他们向观众鞠躬。
All the peple bwed dwn befre the Emperr.
所有人都向皇帝鞠躬。
(2)vt. 低(头)，俯(首)。常与 dwn 连用。
She bwed her head (dwn) in shame.
她羞愧地低下了头。
(3)vi. & vt. (使)弯曲。相当于 bend。
The willws bw in the breeze.
柳树被微风吹弯了。
His back was bwed under the weight f the packs.
背包压弯了他的背。
(4)n. [C]鞠躬；弓；蝴蝶结。
He mved aside fr her with a plite bw.
他礼貌地鞠躬，退避一旁让她过去。
Liu Xiang made his start like an arrw frm a bw.
刘翔起跑时像一支离弦的箭。
[思维拓展]
bw t/befre sb.向某人鞠躬
bw lw (t/befre sb.) (向某人)深深地鞠一躬
bw dwn (t/befre sb.) (向某人)鞠躬
[图解助记]
[即时训练]
Yur table tennis is excellent.I bw t yur superir skill.
11 eq \a\vs4\al(reliable adj. 可信赖的；可靠的)
[典型例句]
We're lking fr smene wh is reliable and hardwrking.
我们正在寻找可靠而又勤奋的人。
[思维拓展]
rely n/upn＝depend n/upn 依靠；信任；信赖
rely n it that...相信……
He is a persn that yu can rely n.
他是一个你可以信赖的人。
[即时训练]
In rder t ensure children's health，we are determined t prvide milk prducts with reliable (rely) surces.
12 eq \a\vs4\al(trial n.审判；审讯；试验)
[典型例句]
He's standing trial fr thieving.
他正因涉嫌偷窃而接受审判。
We shall put the machine t further trial.
我们将进一步试验这部机器。
[思维拓展]
be n trial在受审；在试验中
stand trial fr...因……而受审
make a trial进行试验
[即时训练]
The rbber is n trial at present.
13 eq \a\vs4\al(slightly adv. 略微；轻微地)
[典型例句]
The patient is slightly better tday.
病人今天稍好些了。
He was slightly wunded in the car accident.
他在车祸中受了轻伤。
[思维拓展]
slight adj. 轻微的；微小的
Dn't wrry.It's just a slight prblem.
别担心，那只是个小问题。
[即时训练]
The middleaged ecnmist advised that the merchants be taxed slightly(slight) frm the beginners in the business.
14 eq \a\vs4\al(assess vt.评估；评定)
[典型例句]
That means yu must be able t assess when peple are nt telling the whle truth and then try t discver it.
那就是说，当人们还没有说出全部的真相时，你必须能够做出判断，然后去发现它。
[思维拓展]
(1)assess sth.at＋钱 估算/评估某物为多少钱
assess sth./sb.(as sth./sb.)评定/评价(为……)
assess＋从句 评定/评估……
(2)assessr n．评审员/估价员
assessment n．评价/评定
make an assessment f评估/评价
After the fld, they assessed the lss at 10 millin yuan.
洪水过后，他们估算损失为一千万元。
[即时训练]
The yung men were_assessed(assess) as either safe r unsafe drivers.
15 eq \a\vs4\al(pse )
[典型例句]
(1)vt.造成(威胁、问题等)
The task pses n special prblems.
这项任务不会造成特别的问题。
(2)vi.摆好姿势
The delegates psed fr a grup phtgraph.
代表们摆好姿势准备拍集体照。
(3)vi.佯装；冒充；假扮
The gang entered the building psing as wrkmen.
这伙匪徒冒充工人混进了大楼。
(4)(通常用于进行时)招摇；炫耀；拿姿作态
I saw him ut psing in his new sprts car.
我看见他开着他的崭新跑车招摇过市。
(5)n.故作姿态；(为画像、拍照等摆的)姿势
He adpted a relaxed pse fr the camera.
他摆了个悠闲的姿势拍照。
[思维拓展]
pse a threat/challenge/danger/risk 构成威胁/挑战/危险/风险
pse as sb.冒充某人
pse (fr sb./sth.) (为画像、摄影)摆好姿势
strike a pse/an attitude摆出某种姿态
[即时训练]
This culd pse a threat t jbs in the cal industry.
考点集训一
1．I like t interact with thers, s I have many friends.
2．The theries were demnstrated t_be_false(false)．
3．The students were asked t_interpret(interpret)the pem.
4．It is nt pssible fr everyne t put their wn interpretatin(interpret)n the law.
5．After the wedding we all psed fr a phtgraph.
6．The firm has ver 500 emplyees(emply)．
7．French differs frm English in this respect.
8．The mst cmmn multiple births are twins(twin), tw babies brn at the same time.
9．She desperately wanted t win her father's apprval(apprve)．
10．Our infrmatin cmes frm a reliable(rely)surce.
eq \(\s\up1(1),\s\d5())vary 由……到……不等，从……到……变化
[典型例句]
Teaching methds vary greatly frm schl t schl.
各个学校的教学方法大不相同。
[思维拓展]
vary in sth.在某方面不同/有差异
vary with随……变化/改变
vary 从……到……不等
varius adj.各种各样的；多姿多彩的
varied adj.各种各样的；变化的
variety n．不同种类；多样化
a variety f＝varieties f种种
[即时训练]
Opinins n this matter varied(varius) greatly frm persn t persn，but smehw we managed t reach a decisin.
2 eq \a\vs4\al(figure ut )
[典型例句]
(1)弄懂；弄清楚；弄明白
I can't figure ut hw t d this.
我弄不懂怎么做这件事。
(2)计算(数量或成本)
Have yu figured ut hw much the trip will cst?
旅行要花多少费用你计算出来没有？
[思维拓展]
figure n计划；打算；预料到
it/that figures有道理；合乎情理
watch ne's figure注意保持体形
[即时训练]
It tk them abut ne mnth t figure ut hw t start the equipment.
3 eq \a\vs4\al(break dwn)
[典型例句]
(1)vi.(机器)出故障，(车辆)抛锚，损坏
The car brke dwn n the way t the airprt.
车子在去机场的路上抛锚了。
(2)vi.(身体)垮掉
Yur health will break dwn if yu wrk t hard.
若工作太累，你的身体会垮的。
(3)vi.(谈判等)失败，破裂
The peace talk brke dwn with n agreement reached.
和平会谈失败，没有达成任何协议。
[图解助记]
[即时训练]
My car brke dwn n my way t the twn.
4 eq \a\vs4\al(in favur f 赞同；支持；赞成)
[典型例句]
I'm all in favur f equal pay fr equal wrk.
我完全支持同工同酬。
I talked t Susan abut it, and she's all in favur f ging.
我与苏珊谈了这件事，她完全赞同离开。
[思维拓展]
(1)be in/ut f favur (with sb.)
＝be in/ut f sb.'s favur 得到/失去某人的尊重、赞同等
in sb.'s favur 对某人有利
d sb.a favur＝d a favur fr sb.帮某人忙
we sb.a favur 欠某人一个人情
(2)favurable adj.喜爱的；赞同的
I'll ask Tm t take it.He wes me a favur.
我要请汤姆接受。他欠我一个人情。
Culd yu d me a favur and turn ff the light?
请帮忙把灯关掉好吗？
(3)in＋名词＋f短语
in search f 寻找
in need f 需要
in place f 代替
in memry f 为了纪念
in case f 万一
in terms f 就……而言；在……方面
in pssessin f 占有
in charge f 主管；负责
in praise f 赞扬；表扬
in view f 鉴于；考虑到
[即时训练]
Mst peple are in favur f bringing dwn husing prices because they are t high fr them.
eq \(\s\up1(5),\s\d5())eq \a\vs4\al(get thrugh 设法联系上尤指打通电话；设法做完；通过；度过)
[典型例句]
I tried t ring my girlfriend but I culdn't get thrugh.
我试图给女朋友打电话，可是打不通。
If yu keep disturbing him, he will never get thrugh his wrk.
如果你一直打扰他，他永远也做不完他的工作。
It tk us nly a few minutes t get thrugh the Custms.
我们通过海关只花了几分钟时间。
[思维拓展]
(1)get acrss 被理解；使人了解
get dwn t 认真地静下心(工作)(t 为介词)
get ver 克服
get n 进展；进步
get in 收获
get arund/rund 到处走动；传播出去
Yur meaning didn't really get acrss.
你的意思并未真正被别人理解。
(2)g thrugh 检查；经历
pass thrugh 从……中穿过；走过……中
lk thrugh 浏览；仔细查看
see thrugh 看穿；识破
live thrugh 活过(一段时间)；经过……后仍然活着
break thrugh 突破(障碍)
Ms Chen is ging thrugh the students' papers.
陈老师正在检查学生们的论文。
[即时训练]
Hardly culd he get thrugh this amunt f wrk in such a shrt time.
6 eq \a\vs4\al(straighten up直起来；整理；收拾整齐)
[典型例句]
I tld them t straighten up.
我叫他们挺起身子来。
Frm ingrained habit he paused t straighten up the bed.
出于长期的习惯，他停下来整理床铺。
[思维拓展]
straighten ut(使)变直；(使)变正；理清，整顿(混乱的局面)
straight away立刻；马上
[即时训练]
Straighten up the rm.
考点集训二
1．N ne culd figure ut hw he gt t be s wealthy.
2．The by with his back t the camera began t straighten up;_he was turning.
3．It is hard t see hw peple will get thrugh the winter.
4．I wuldn't be in favur f incme tax cuts.
5.Our custms vary frm place t place.
6．Talks with business leaders brke dwn last night.
7．She brke dwn when she heard the news, but quickly recvered.
8．When yu lk at their new system, urs seems very ldfashined by cntrast.
9．By cmparisn, expenditure n educatin increased last year.
eq \(\s\up1(1),\s\d5( )) We can learn a lt abut what peple are thinking by watching their bdy language.
通过观察人们的肢体语言，我们可以了解他们在想什么。
[句式分析]
by ding表示方式，意为“凭借；通过”。
He makes a living by ding dd jbs.
他靠做临时的工作来谋生。
[即时训练]
Switch it n by pressing this buttn.
eq \(\s\up1(2),\s\d5( )) In cuntries like France and Russia，peple may kiss their friends n the cheek when they meet.
在法国和俄罗斯这样的国家，人们见面时可能会亲吻朋友的脸颊。
[句式分析]
kiss their friends n the cheek 属于“动词＋sb.＋in/n/by＋the＋身体部位”结构，该结构用来表示接触某人身体的某一部位。
Dn't hit him in the face.
不要打他的脸。
The angry father caught his sn by the arm.
那个生气的父亲拽住了他儿子的胳膊。
The naughty by hit the man n the nse.
那个淘气的男孩儿打中了那个人的鼻子。
[巧学妙记]
[即时训练]
He hit the by in the face.
eq \(\s\up1(3),\s\d5()) Can yu describe a situatin where yu might smile when yu dn't mean it？
你能描述一个当你不是真心的时候你可能会微笑的情况吗？
[句式分析]
当先行词为抽象地点名词case,situatin,psitin,atmsphere,stage,activity, family和pint等且关系词在从句中作状语时，常用where或in which来引导定语从句。
The cuntry is in the situatin where a war will break ut at any time.
国家正处在随时有可能爆发战争的局势中。
[即时训练]
①We may find urselves in a situatin where we can't pay ur debts.
②All the neighburs admire this family, where the parents treat their children like friends.
考点集训三
1．The allfemale ship crew made histry by becming(becme)the first t sail rund the wrld.
2.She leaned up and kissed him n the cheek.
3．Imagine that yu are in a situatin where n ne believes in yu.
4．Let's think f a situatin where this idim can be used.
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．While the ther children interacted(交流) and played tgether, Ted ignred them.
2．His sudden departure had demnstrated(说明) hw unreliable he was.
3．His expressins varied(变化)frm pkerfaced t blank.
4.Jeans are nt apprpriate(合适的) fr a frmal party.
5．She finished what she had t say with a gesture(姿势)f despair.
6．Yur time culd be usefully emplyed(使用)in attending t prfessinal matters.
7．Plice have appealed fr witnesses(目击者) t the accident.
8．Her dress is almst identical(相同的)t mine.
9．Later n I remember that I frgt t_bw(鞠躬) at that time.
10．The cat is a bit tight at the waist(腰部)．
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．Her cnfidence was merely a pse t hide her uncertainty.
2．I like t interact with peple and I am gd at cmmunicatin.
3．We want t_demnstrate(demnstrate) ur cmmitment t human rights.
4．We were driving half when the car brke dwn.
5．Perfrmances varied frm excellent t acceptable.
6．Twthirds f the French are in favur f limiting freign imprts int Eurpe.
7．Lk, I can't get thrugh t this number.
8．Yu must figure ut sme way f getting sme bread.
9．Speaking thrugh an interpreter(interpret), the President said that the talks were ging well.
10．Rbert patted her n the head in a friendly manner.
Why Bdy Language Is Imprtant?
When yu learn a freign language, yu must learn mre than the vcabulary and the grammar.T cmmunicate successfully, yu must als learn the nnverbal language, r “bdy language” f that culture.“Bdy language” is a term used t describe facial expressins, gestures, and ther mvements f the bdy that send messages.This means f cmmunicatin is s imprtant that we may actually say mre with ur mvements than with wrds.
Fr sme messages, wrds are nt enugh.Speaking a freign language is smetimes difficult because we may nt understand the nnverbal signals f anther culture.Fr example, ndding the head up and dwn is a gesture that may cmmunicate different messages in different parts f the wrld.In Nrth America, it means “I agree”．In the Middle East, ndding the head dwn means “I agree” and up means “I disagree”．In a cnversatin amng Japanese it ften simply means “I'm listening”．
Eye cntact is als very meaningful, but it can als mean different things in different cuntries.In sme Spanishspeaking cuntries, children shw respect t an ld persn by nt lking directly int the persn's eye during a cnversatin.In ther cultures, lking int a persn's eye is expected.Fr example, if yu dn't d it in the United States, peple may think that yu are afraid, embarrassed, r angry.In the Middle East, direct eye cntact in a cnversatin is mre cntinuus than in many ther parts f the wrld.Peple wh are nt used t this may feel uncmfrtable.
开启快乐学习之旅
当你学习一门外语的时候，你必须学习词汇和语法以外的东西。为了能够顺利沟通，你必须学会那一文化的肢体语言。“肢体语言”是用来描述面部表情、姿势以及其他传递信息的身体动作的术语。这种沟通方式很重要，因而我们实际上可能用动作比用话语表达的更多。
对于有些信息，言语是不够的。有时候说一门外语很难，因为我们可能不理解另一文化的非语言信号。比如，上下点头这一姿势在世界不同的地方表达的信息也是不一样的。在北美，这一姿势意味着“我同意”。在中东，低头表示“我同意”，而抬头表示“我不同意”。在日本人的对话当中，它通常只是表示“我在听”。
眼神接触也很有意义，但是它在不同的国家也可以表示不同的意思。在一些说西班牙语的国家，孩子们在与老人的对话中通过不直视对方的眼睛来对对方表示尊敬。在其他文化中，人们期待别人直视眼睛。比如，在美国，如果你不这样做，人们可能会认为你害怕、尴尬或者生气。在中东，对话中直接的眼神接触的时间比世界上很多其他地方更持久。不习惯的人可能会觉得不舒服。
模块核心素养导航
Sectin Ⅰ Reading and Thinking
Ⅰ.重点单词
1．interactin n．交流；相互影响→interact vi.交流；相互影响
2．vary vi.(根据情况)变化；改变→varius adj.多样的，各种各样的→variety n．变化；多样化
3．apprpriate adj.合适的；恰当的→inapprpriate adj.不合适的；不恰当的
4．apprve vi.赞成；同意 vt.批准；通过→apprval n．赞成；批准
5．demnstrate vt.表现；表达；说明；证明→demnstratin n．集会示威；游行示威；示范；演示；证明；说明
6．gesture n．手势；姿势；姿态
7．witness vt.当场看到；目击；见证 n．目击者；证人
8．emply vt.使用；应用；雇用→emplyer n．雇主→emplyee n．雇工
9．identical adj.相同的
10．interpret vt.把……理解(解释)为 vt.& vi.口译→interpretatin n．理解；解释；演绎；演奏方式；表演方式→interpreter n．口译工作者；口译译员
11．differ vi.相异；不同于→different adj.相异的；不同的→difference n．不同；相异
12．cheek n．面颊；脸颊
13．favur vt.较喜欢；选择；有利于 n．帮助；恩惠；赞同→favurable adj.给人好印象的；肯定的；赞同的；支持的；有利的
14．bw vi.鞠躬；点头 vt.低(头) n．弓；蝴蝶结
15．waist n．腰；腰部
16．barrier n．隔阂；障碍
17．fake adj.假装的；假的；冒充的
18．anger n．愤怒；怒气 vt.使生气；激怒→angry adj.生气的
19．reliable adj.可靠的；可信赖的→rely vi.信赖；依靠
20．incident n．发生的事情；严重事件；冲突
21．trial n．& v．审讯；审判；试验；试用
22．slight adj.轻微的；略微的；细小的→slightly adv.略微；稍微
23．twin adj.双胞胎之一的；孪生之一的 n．孪生之一；双胞胎之一
24．nnverbal adj.不涉及言语的；非语言的→verbal adj.涉及言语的；语言的
25．assessment n．评价；评定→assess vt.评估；评价
26．internal adj.内部的；里面的
27．slump vi.垂头弯腰地走(或坐等)
28．pse n．故作姿态；(为画像、拍照等摆的)姿势 vi.摆好姿勢 vt.造成(威胁、问题等)
29．bend vt.& vi.(使)弯曲；倾斜；偏向→bent(过去式)→bent(过去分词)
Ⅱ.重点短语
1．bdy language 身势语；肢体语言
2．vary 从……到……变化
3．lk int smene's eyes 直视某人
4．by cntrast相比之下
5．lk dwn俯视；向下看
6．by cmparisn(与……)相比较
7．make inferences推理；推断
8．figure ut想出；理解；弄清
9．get thrugh完成，干完(尤指难做的任务或工作)；度过，熬过(困难或不快的时期)；通过电话联系上；接通……的电话；通过(考试)
10．break dwn消除；分解；打破
11．feel dwn感到沮丧；情绪消沉
12．in favur f支持
13．tend t_d sth.易于；往往；倾向于；有助于
14．straighten up直起来；整理；收拾整齐
15．end up(通常指意外地)最终到达；最终；结果
Ⅲ.重点句型
1．We can learn a lt abut what peple are thinking by watching_their_bdy_language.
通过观察人们的肢体语言，我们可以了解他们在想什么。
2．In cuntries like France and Russia, peple may kiss_their_friends_n_the_cheek when they meet.
在法国和俄罗斯这样的国家，人们见面时可能会亲吻朋友的脸颊。
3．And if we are feeling dwn r lnely, there is nthing_better_than seeing the smiling face f a gd friend.
如果我们感到沮丧或孤独，没有什么比看到好朋友的笑脸更好的了。
4．Can yu describe a situatin where yu might smile when yu dn't mean it?
你能描述一个当你不是真心的时候你可能会微笑的情况吗？
1 eq \a\vs4\al(interactin n.交流；相互影响)
[典型例句]
There is a need fr mre interactin between staff and children.
教工与学生之间需要更多的交流。
There is an interactin between physical and emtinal illness.
身体疾病与心理疾病之间存在着相互影响。
They are experts n humancmputer interactin.
他们是人机交互专家。
[思维拓展]
interactin between sb./sth.＝interactin with sb./sth. 与……的交流；与……相互影响
interact vi.交流；相互影响
interact with sb.与某人交流；与某人沟通
interact with sth.与……相互影响
Teachers have a limited amunt f time t interact with each child.
教师和每个孩子沟通的时间有限。
Perfume interacts with the skin's natural chemicals.
香水和皮肤的天然化学物质相互作用。
[即时训练]
Millins f peple want new, simplified ways f interacting with a cmputer.
2 eq \a\vs4\al(apprpriate adj.合适的；恰当的)
[典型例句]
It is an apprpriate time t make a speech.
这是发表演讲的合适时间。
This is an apprpriate request fr them.
这对他们来说是个正当的要求。
[思维拓展]
be apprpriate fr/t对……合适
It is apprpriate fr sb.t d sth.适合某人做某事
It is apprpriate(that)……是合适的
His clthes were nt apprpriate fr such a seasn.
他的衣服不适宜在这样的季节穿。
[即时训练]
Nw that we have fund the prblem，we can take apprpriate
(apprpriately) actin.
3 eq \a\vs4\al(apprve vt.赞成；认可；批准vi.赞同)
[典型例句]
Last f all, the chief editr read it and apprved it.
最后主编审读了这篇稿子，并且批准可以发表了。
The gvernment apprved a plan t build mre huses fr the pr t live in.
政府批准了一项计划来建造更多的房子让穷人居住。
[思维拓展]
apprve f sth.赞成；同意
apprve f sb./sb.'s ding sth.赞成某人做某事
apprval n．[U]赞成；批准
Catherine's mther will never apprve f her marriage t yu.
凯瑟琳的母亲永远不会同意她和你结婚。
[即时训练]
Mst f his girlfriends failed t meet with his father's apprval(apprve)．
4 eq \a\vs4\al( demnstrate vt.)
[典型例句]
(1)表达；表露；表现；显露
Yu need t demnstrate mre selfcntrl.
你应该表现出更强的自制力。
(2)证明；证实；论证；说明
These results demnstrate cnvincingly that ur campaign is wrking.
这些结果有力地证明，我们的运动正在发挥作用。
Let me demnstrate t yu sme f the difficulties we are facing.
我来向你说明一下我们面临的一些困难。
(3)示范；演示
Her jb invlves demnstrating new educatinal sftware.
她的工作包括演示新的教学软件。
(4)集会示威；游行示威
They are demnstrating in favur f free higher educatin.
他们举行示威游行，要求实行免费高等教育。
[思维拓展]
demnstrate sth.表现……；表达……
demnstrate sth.t sb.向某人证明……；向某人表达……
demnstrate sth.t be...证明某事……
demnstrate that...证明……
It has been demnstrated that ...已经证明……
demnstrate against...示威反对……
demnstratin n. 集会示威；游行示威；示范；演示；证明；说明
[即时训练]
It has been demnstrated that this drug is effective.
5 eq \a\vs4\al(witness)
[典型例句]
(1)vt.当场看到，目击；见证
Several residents claimed t have witnessed the attack.
几个居民声称他们亲眼看见了那起袭击事件。
(2)n.目击者，证人 常用搭配：
eq \b\lc\{\rc\ (\a\vs4\al\c1(be a witness t sth.目击某事,appear as a witness fr sb.出庭为某人作证,bear/give witness t sth.为……作证))
One witness t the accident said the driver appeared t be drunk.
那起事故的一个目击者说司机好像喝醉了。
He decided t appear as (a) witness fr the prsecutin.
他决定出庭为原告作证。
[即时训练]
Many peple witnessed(witness) the car accident，s it was nt difficult t investigate.
6 eq \a\vs4\al(emply vt. 雇用；利用时间、精力等)
[典型例句]
Our cmpany emplyed abut ne hundred peple.
我们公司雇用了大约一百人。
Yu culd emply yur spare time better.
你可以更好地利用闲暇时间。
[思维拓展]
emply sb.t d... 雇用某人做……
emply 雇用某人为……；聘请某人担任……
be emplyed in ding sth.从事于；忙于做某事
emplyer n．雇主
emplyee n．雇工
[即时训练]
The firm emplyed(emply) the retired prfessr as an adviser.
7 eq \a\vs4\al(interpret )
[典型例句]
(1)vt.把……理解(解释)为
The data can be interpreted in many different ways.
这份资料可以从多方面解读。
(2)vt.& vi.口译
She culdn't speak much English s her children had t interpret fr her.
她讲不了几句英语，所以她的孩子们得给她翻译。
(3)vt.诠释；演绎(按自己的感觉演奏音乐或表现角色)
He interpreted the rle with a lt f humur.
他把这个角色演得十分幽默。
[思维拓展]
interpret 把……理解(解释)为
interpret sth.fr sb.为某人口头翻译
interpret 把……解释成……
interpretatin n．理解；解释；演绎；演奏方式；表演方式
interpreter n．口译工作者；口译译员
[即时训练]
I didn't knw whether t interpret her silence as acceptance r refusal.
8 eq \a\vs4\al(differ vi.不同；相异)
[典型例句]
differ 在……方面不同于……
differ with sb.n/abut sth.关于某事不同于某人的观点。
Custms differ in different cuntries.
各国风俗不同。
The twins differ frm each ther in character.
这对孪生姐妹性格迥异。
I have t differ with yu n that.
在那一点上我不能同意你的看法。
[思维拓展]
different adj.不同的；有差别的
be different 在……方面与……不同
difference n．区别；差异
tell the difference between A and B 说出A与B的区别
make (t)有/没有/有一些……关系/作用/影响
make all the difference 关系重大；大不相同
Whether he cmes r nt makes n difference.
他是否来没有影响。
[即时训练]
In ur daily life, everyne fails every nw and then.It is hw yu react that makes a difference(different)．
9 eq \a\vs4\al(favur＝favr)
[典型例句]
(1)n. 喜爱，偏爱；恩惠，帮助；赞同，支持。
Was he in favur f the death penalty？他赞成死刑吗？
Can I ask a favur f yu？＝Can I ask yu fr a favur?
请您帮个忙，好吗？
D me a favur t turn ff the radi.
帮我把收音机关上。
(2)vt. 较喜欢，选择；有助于，有利于；偏爱。
The president is believed t favur further tax cuts.
人们认为总统会赞同进一步减税。
She always favurs her yungest child.
她总是偏爱她最小的孩子。
[思维拓展]
eq \b\lc\{\rc\ (\a\vs4\al\c1(in favur f...支持/赞成……，为有利于……,in sb.'s favur 对某人有利，有助于某人,d sb.a favur＝d a favur fr sb.帮某人的忙,ask sb.fr a favur＝ask a favur f sb.请求某人帮忙))
favurable adj. 赞同的，有利的
favured adj. 受到宠爱的，得到偏爱的
favurite adj.特别喜欢的 n. 特别喜欢的人/事物
[即时训练]
We were very excited because the scre was 41 in ur favur.
10 eq \a\vs4\al(bw)
[典型例句]
(1)vi 鞠躬，点头。
They bwed t the audience in the end.
最后他们向观众鞠躬。
All the peple bwed dwn befre the Emperr.
所有人都向皇帝鞠躬。
(2)vt. 低(头)，俯(首)。常与 dwn 连用。
She bwed her head (dwn) in shame.
她羞愧地低下了头。
(3)vi. & vt. (使)弯曲。相当于 bend。
The willws bw in the breeze.
柳树被微风吹弯了。
His back was bwed under the weight f the packs.
背包压弯了他的背。
(4)n. [C]鞠躬；弓；蝴蝶结。
He mved aside fr her with a plite bw.
他礼貌地鞠躬，退避一旁让她过去。
Liu Xiang made his start like an arrw frm a bw.
刘翔起跑时像一支离弦的箭。
[思维拓展]
bw t/befre sb.向某人鞠躬
bw lw (t/befre sb.) (向某人)深深地鞠一躬
bw dwn (t/befre sb.) (向某人)鞠躬
[图解助记]
[即时训练]
Yur table tennis is excellent.I bw t yur superir skill.
11 eq \a\vs4\al(reliable adj. 可信赖的；可靠的)
[典型例句]
We're lking fr smene wh is reliable and hardwrking.
我们正在寻找可靠而又勤奋的人。
[思维拓展]
rely n/upn＝depend n/upn 依靠；信任；信赖
rely n it that...相信……
He is a persn that yu can rely n.
他是一个你可以信赖的人。
[即时训练]
In rder t ensure children's health，we are determined t prvide milk prducts with reliable (rely) surces.
12 eq \a\vs4\al(trial n.审判；审讯；试验)
[典型例句]
He's standing trial fr thieving.
他正因涉嫌偷窃而接受审判。
We shall put the machine t further trial.
我们将进一步试验这部机器。
[思维拓展]
be n trial在受审；在试验中
stand trial fr...因……而受审
make a trial进行试验
[即时训练]
The rbber is n trial at present.
13 eq \a\vs4\al(slightly adv. 略微；轻微地)
[典型例句]
The patient is slightly better tday.
病人今天稍好些了。
He was slightly wunded in the car accident.
他在车祸中受了轻伤。
[思维拓展]
slight adj. 轻微的；微小的
Dn't wrry.It's just a slight prblem.
别担心，那只是个小问题。
[即时训练]
The middleaged ecnmist advised that the merchants be taxed slightly(slight) frm the beginners in the business.
14 eq \a\vs4\al(assess vt.评估；评定)
[典型例句]
That means yu must be able t assess when peple are nt telling the whle truth and then try t discver it.
那就是说，当人们还没有说出全部的真相时，你必须能够做出判断，然后去发现它。
[思维拓展]
(1)assess sth.at＋钱 估算/评估某物为多少钱
assess sth./sb.(as sth./sb.)评定/评价(为……)
assess＋从句 评定/评估……
(2)assessr n．评审员/估价员
assessment n．评价/评定
make an assessment f评估/评价
After the fld, they assessed the lss at 10 millin yuan.
洪水过后，他们估算损失为一千万元。
[即时训练]
The yung men were_assessed(assess) as either safe r unsafe drivers.
15 eq \a\vs4\al(pse )
[典型例句]
(1)vt.造成(威胁、问题等)
The task pses n special prblems.
这项任务不会造成特别的问题。
(2)vi.摆好姿势
The delegates psed fr a grup phtgraph.
代表们摆好姿势准备拍集体照。
(3)vi.佯装；冒充；假扮
The gang entered the building psing as wrkmen.
这伙匪徒冒充工人混进了大楼。
(4)(通常用于进行时)招摇；炫耀；拿姿作态
I saw him ut psing in his new sprts car.
我看见他开着他的崭新跑车招摇过市。
(5)n.故作姿态；(为画像、拍照等摆的)姿势
He adpted a relaxed pse fr the camera.
他摆了个悠闲的姿势拍照。
[思维拓展]
pse a threat/challenge/danger/risk 构成威胁/挑战/危险/风险
pse as sb.冒充某人
pse (fr sb./sth.) (为画像、摄影)摆好姿势
strike a pse/an attitude摆出某种姿态
[即时训练]
This culd pse a threat t jbs in the cal industry.
考点集训一
1．I like t interact with thers, s I have many friends.
2．The theries were demnstrated t_be_false(false)．
3．The students were asked t_interpret(interpret)the pem.
4．It is nt pssible fr everyne t put their wn interpretatin(interpret)n the law.
5．After the wedding we all psed fr a phtgraph.
6．The firm has ver 500 emplyees(emply)．
7．French differs frm English in this respect.
8．The mst cmmn multiple births are twins(twin), tw babies brn at the same time.
9．She desperately wanted t win her father's apprval(apprve)．
10．Our infrmatin cmes frm a reliable(rely)surce.
eq \(\s\up1(1),\s\d5())vary 由……到……不等，从……到……变化
[典型例句]
Teaching methds vary greatly frm schl t schl.
各个学校的教学方法大不相同。
[思维拓展]
vary in sth.在某方面不同/有差异
vary with随……变化/改变
vary 从……到……不等
varius adj.各种各样的；多姿多彩的
varied adj.各种各样的；变化的
variety n．不同种类；多样化
a variety f＝varieties f种种
[即时训练]
Opinins n this matter varied(varius) greatly frm persn t persn，but smehw we managed t reach a decisin.
2 eq \a\vs4\al(figure ut )
[典型例句]
(1)弄懂；弄清楚；弄明白
I can't figure ut hw t d this.
我弄不懂怎么做这件事。
(2)计算(数量或成本)
Have yu figured ut hw much the trip will cst?
旅行要花多少费用你计算出来没有？
[思维拓展]
figure n计划；打算；预料到
it/that figures有道理；合乎情理
watch ne's figure注意保持体形
[即时训练]
It tk them abut ne mnth t figure ut hw t start the equipment.
3 eq \a\vs4\al(break dwn)
[典型例句]
(1)vi.(机器)出故障，(车辆)抛锚，损坏
The car brke dwn n the way t the airprt.
车子在去机场的路上抛锚了。
(2)vi.(身体)垮掉
Yur health will break dwn if yu wrk t hard.
若工作太累，你的身体会垮的。
(3)vi.(谈判等)失败，破裂
The peace talk brke dwn with n agreement reached.
和平会谈失败，没有达成任何协议。
[图解助记]
[即时训练]
My car brke dwn n my way t the twn.
4 eq \a\vs4\al(in favur f 赞同；支持；赞成)
[典型例句]
I'm all in favur f equal pay fr equal wrk.
我完全支持同工同酬。
I talked t Susan abut it, and she's all in favur f ging.
我与苏珊谈了这件事，她完全赞同离开。
[思维拓展]
(1)be in/ut f favur (with sb.)
＝be in/ut f sb.'s favur 得到/失去某人的尊重、赞同等
in sb.'s favur 对某人有利
d sb.a favur＝d a favur fr sb.帮某人忙
we sb.a favur 欠某人一个人情
(2)favurable adj.喜爱的；赞同的
I'll ask Tm t take it.He wes me a favur.
我要请汤姆接受。他欠我一个人情。
Culd yu d me a favur and turn ff the light?
请帮忙把灯关掉好吗？
(3)in＋名词＋f短语
in search f 寻找
in need f 需要
in place f 代替
in memry f 为了纪念
in case f 万一
in terms f 就……而言；在……方面
in pssessin f 占有
in charge f 主管；负责
in praise f 赞扬；表扬
in view f 鉴于；考虑到
[即时训练]
Mst peple are in favur f bringing dwn husing prices because they are t high fr them.
eq \(\s\up1(5),\s\d5())eq \a\vs4\al(get thrugh 设法联系上尤指打通电话；设法做完；通过；度过)
[典型例句]
I tried t ring my girlfriend but I culdn't get thrugh.
我试图给女朋友打电话，可是打不通。
If yu keep disturbing him, he will never get thrugh his wrk.
如果你一直打扰他，他永远也做不完他的工作。
It tk us nly a few minutes t get thrugh the Custms.
我们通过海关只花了几分钟时间。
[思维拓展]
(1)get acrss 被理解；使人了解
get dwn t 认真地静下心(工作)(t 为介词)
get ver 克服
get n 进展；进步
get in 收获
get arund/rund 到处走动；传播出去
Yur meaning didn't really get acrss.
你的意思并未真正被别人理解。
(2)g thrugh 检查；经历
pass thrugh 从……中穿过；走过……中
lk thrugh 浏览；仔细查看
see thrugh 看穿；识破
live thrugh 活过(一段时间)；经过……后仍然活着
break thrugh 突破(障碍)
Ms Chen is ging thrugh the students' papers.
陈老师正在检查学生们的论文。
[即时训练]
Hardly culd he get thrugh this amunt f wrk in such a shrt time.
6 eq \a\vs4\al(straighten up直起来；整理；收拾整齐)
[典型例句]
I tld them t straighten up.
我叫他们挺起身子来。
Frm ingrained habit he paused t straighten up the bed.
出于长期的习惯，他停下来整理床铺。
[思维拓展]
straighten ut(使)变直；(使)变正；理清，整顿(混乱的局面)
straight away立刻；马上
[即时训练]
Straighten up the rm.
考点集训二
1．N ne culd figure ut hw he gt t be s wealthy.
2．The by with his back t the camera began t straighten up;_he was turning.
3．It is hard t see hw peple will get thrugh the winter.
4．I wuldn't be in favur f incme tax cuts.
5.Our custms vary frm place t place.
6．Talks with business leaders brke dwn last night.
7．She brke dwn when she heard the news, but quickly recvered.
8．When yu lk at their new system, urs seems very ldfashined by cntrast.
9．By cmparisn, expenditure n educatin increased last year.
eq \(\s\up1(1),\s\d5( )) We can learn a lt abut what peple are thinking by watching their bdy language.
通过观察人们的肢体语言，我们可以了解他们在想什么。
[句式分析]
by ding表示方式，意为“凭借；通过”。
He makes a living by ding dd jbs.
他靠做临时的工作来谋生。
[即时训练]
Switch it n by pressing this buttn.
eq \(\s\up1(2),\s\d5( )) In cuntries like France and Russia，peple may kiss their friends n the cheek when they meet.
在法国和俄罗斯这样的国家，人们见面时可能会亲吻朋友的脸颊。
[句式分析]
kiss their friends n the cheek 属于“动词＋sb.＋in/n/by＋the＋身体部位”结构，该结构用来表示接触某人身体的某一部位。
Dn't hit him in the face.
不要打他的脸。
The angry father caught his sn by the arm.
那个生气的父亲拽住了他儿子的胳膊。
The naughty by hit the man n the nse.
那个淘气的男孩儿打中了那个人的鼻子。
[巧学妙记]
[即时训练]
He hit the by in the face.
eq \(\s\up1(3),\s\d5()) Can yu describe a situatin where yu might smile when yu dn't mean it？
你能描述一个当你不是真心的时候你可能会微笑的情况吗？
[句式分析]
当先行词为抽象地点名词case,situatin,psitin,atmsphere,stage,activity, family和pint等且关系词在从句中作状语时，常用where或in which来引导定语从句。
The cuntry is in the situatin where a war will break ut at any time.
国家正处在随时有可能爆发战争的局势中。
[即时训练]
①We may find urselves in a situatin where we can't pay ur debts.
②All the neighburs admire this family, where the parents treat their children like friends.
考点集训三
1．The allfemale ship crew made histry by becming(becme)the first t sail rund the wrld.
2.She leaned up and kissed him n the cheek.
3．Imagine that yu are in a situatin where n ne believes in yu.
4．Let's think f a situatin where this idim can be used.
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．While the ther children interacted(交流) and played tgether, Ted ignred them.
2．His sudden departure had demnstrated(说明) hw unreliable he was.
3．His expressins varied(变化)frm pkerfaced t blank.
4.Jeans are nt apprpriate(合适的) fr a frmal party.
5．She finished what she had t say with a gesture(姿势)f despair.
6．Yur time culd be usefully emplyed(使用)in attending t prfessinal matters.
7．Plice have appealed fr witnesses(目击者) t the accident.
8．Her dress is almst identical(相同的)t mine.
9．Later n I remember that I frgt t_bw(鞠躬) at that time.
10．The cat is a bit tight at the waist(腰部)．
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．Her cnfidence was merely a pse t hide her uncertainty.
2．I like t interact with peple and I am gd at cmmunicatin.
3．We want t_demnstrate(demnstrate) ur cmmitment t human rights.
4．We were driving half when the car brke dwn.
5．Perfrmances varied frm excellent t acceptable.
6．Twthirds f the French are in favur f limiting freign imprts int Eurpe.
7．Lk, I can't get thrugh t this number.
8．Yu must figure ut sme way f getting sme bread.
9．Speaking thrugh an interpreter(interpret), the President said that the talks were ging well.
10．Rbert patted her n the head in a friendly manner.
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