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高考英语一轮复习课时规范练四十题型组合练_练速度含解析新人教版
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这是一份高考英语一轮复习课时规范练四十题型组合练_练速度含解析新人教版，共8页。
A
(2021·武汉毕业班学习质量检测)Have yu ever experienced any incnvenience caused by language barriers while travelling? Have yu ever thught hw awesme thse language curses wuld be if they didn't cst s much mney and require s much time?
Translaty is created t serve this purpse—withut wasting yur mney and time n language curses, yu can instantly becme “fluent” in mre than 40 languages with this genius device!
What is Translaty?
Translaty is a simple yet lifechanging inventin that helps yu t vercme any bstacles caused by freign languages, whether yu're in a business meeting with an internatinal client r sunbathing smewhere n a Spanish beach. This small but ingenius device is able t instantly recgnize and translate ver 40 different languages, making intercultural cmmunicatin cmpletely effrtless!
What languages can I actually cmmunicate in?
Translaty has mre than 40 languages preinstalled, s yu're able t use it the minute yu get it! It prvides fast and accurate twway cmmunicatin and allws yu t install sme ther languages that yu might be missing.
What makes Translaty s special?
*Makes travelling easier—frget language barriers and becme “fluent” in mre than 40 languages.
* Helps in business—strengthening yur internatinal business relatinships. It's easy when yu speak the same language.
*Assists in daily life—allwing yu t vercme language differences with yur freign friends.
*Cnvenient and easy t use—lightweight and simple design ensures it's there when yu need it the mst.
*Offers 100% accurate, twway translatins.
*High sund and recrding quality ensure there are n misunderstandings.
T sum up—get it while yu can!
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文。文章向读者介绍了一种小而精巧、质量可靠且能够解决跨文化交际中出现的语言障碍的翻译设备。
1．Translaty can help users ．
A．better understand freigners
B．learn freign languages well
C．spend less in learning a language
D．build relatinships with clleagues
解析：推理判断题。由What is Translaty？部分最后一句可知，这种小而精巧的设备能即时识别并翻译40多种不同的语言，它可以让跨文化交际变得毫不费力！故由此推断，Translaty可以帮助用户更好地了解外国人。故选A。
答案：A
2．What is special abut Translaty?
A．It's secure. B．It's strng.
C．It's reliable. D．It's affrdable.
解析：推理判断题。根据What makes Translaty s special？部分中的“Offers 100% accurate, twway translatins.”及“High sund and recrding quality ensure there are n misunderstandings.”可知，Translaty所提供的翻译正确率达到100%，品质非常高，不会造成误解。由此可推知，Translaty的特别之处在于它非常可靠。故选C。
答案：C
3．What's the purpse f the passage?
A．T reprt. B．T advertise.
C．T appeal. D．T reply.
解析：写作意图题。该题问的是本文的写作目的是什么。通读全文内容可知，本文主要向读者介绍了一种小而精巧、质量可靠、能够解决跨文化交际中出现的语言障碍的翻译设备。由此可推知，本文主要是在为这种翻译设备做广告，来让读者购买。故选B。
答案：B
B
Many Beijing residents g t great lengths t avid breathing the city's smggy air, especially when it reaches critical pllutin levels, but ne lcal firm decided that canning (罐装) and selling this pr quality air as a suvenir (纪念品) wuld be a great idea. Believe it r nt, he was right.
After seeing a number f cmpanies achieve cmmercial success by canning fresh air frm cuntries like France, Canada r Australia and selling it in China, Dminic JhnsnHill, a Britishbrn citizen f Beijing and wner f the Plastered 8 suvenir shp, decided t turn the idea n its head and sell canned Beijing air thrughut China and abrad.
“I'd seen peple ging crazy t buy canned air frm Canada and Australia, s I thught it was time t push business the ther way，” the entrepreneur said.“They're perfect gifts! What else are yu ging t take hme when yu g hme frm Beijing? A rast duck? A Plastered Tshirt? These cans are light, prtable. Yu can just imagine smene's face when they unwrap (打开) it fr Christmas.”
The few muthfulls f Beijing air cme in standard tin cans featuring a cuple f city landmarks as well as a bitter descriptin f the cntents: “a unique mix f nitrgen (氮气), xygen and sme ther stuff”. The irnic (讽刺的) suvenirs cst 28 RMB (US $4) and are available at the Plastered 8 shp, as well as n its nline shp. But if yu're actually cnsidering buying sme, yu'd better ask shp in advance, as they are virtually flying ff the shelves. JhnsnHill said that his shp is selling hundreds f Beijing air cans every day.
Persnally, the wellsld can prbably is an awakening fr the public t be cncerned abut the living cnditins. Yet ne thing that's nt particularly clear is whether the air is really cllected frm Beijing, as the cans are labeled as “Made in Shenzhen”. There's a big chance that's just a kind f Plastered 8 humr, as they als list “Chking Hazard” and “May have unidentified bjects inside.” as warnings.
Anyway, it is prbably a unique way t aruse public awareness f prtecting the envirnment.
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了Dminic JhnsnHill在中国和海外销售罐装北京空气，人们对此看法不一，但作者认为无论如何，这可能是唤起公众保护环境意识的一种独特方式。
4．What cntributes t Dminic's idea f canning and selling the pr quality air?
A．Try t get used t it.
B．Sell it all ver the wrld.
C．Can it as a suvenir.
D．Try t push business the ther way.
解析：细节理解题。由第三段中的“‘I'd seen peple ging crazy t buy canned air frm Canada and Australia, s I thught it was time t push business the ther way，’ the entrepreneur said.”可知，努力把生意推向另一个方向使Dminic产生了制作和销售劣质空气的想法。
答案：D
5．Hw may ne feel when receiving canned Beijing air fr Christmas?
A．Satisfied. B．Surprised.
C．Frightened. D．Refreshed.
解析：推理判断题。由第三段中的“These cans are light, prtable. Yu can just imagine smene's face when they unwrap it fr Christmas.”可知，你可以想象某人在圣诞节打开易拉罐时的表情；圣诞礼物一般都是美好的，而一个人收到北京罐装空气作为圣诞礼物一定会感到很吃惊。
答案：B
6．Which f the fllwing can replace the underlined wrd “stuff” in Paragraph 4?
A．liquids B．bjects
C．minerals D．risks
解析：词义猜测题。由第四段第一句可知，锡罐里的北京空气中含有氮、氧和一些其他物质，and表并列，所以stuff是和氮、氧类似的物质，由此可知，画线词词义为“物质”。
答案：B
7．What can we infer frm the passage?
A．The canned Beijing air may harm peple wh buy it.
B．The Plastered 8 suvenir shp is famus fr its humur.
C．Peple shuld make effrts t prtect the envirnment.
D．Dminic JhnsnHill likes the pr quality air in Beijing.
解析：推理判断题。由最后一段中“Anyway, it is prbably a unique way t aruse public awareness f prtecting the envirnment.”可知，无论如何，这可能是唤起公众保护环境意识的一种独特方式，由此可知，人们应该努力保护环境。
答案：C
C
(2021·山东六市联合测试)In a new study, researchers analyzed infrmatin frm mre than 18，000 peple wh prvided bld samples. Participants reprted whether they exercised regularly, and if s, what type f exercises they typically did. The researchers then scanned participants' bld, lking fr genes that are tied t an increased risk f besity (肥胖). Next, the researchers examined whether certain exercises seemed t balance this risk.
Overall, peple wh reprted ding any type f regular exercises tended t have a lwer BMI (体重指数) than thse wh didn't. This was true even amng peple wh were genetically easy t becme verweight. But ne exercise std ut as the ne with the strngest antibesity effect: jgging. Participants with besity genes wh jgged tended t have a lwer BMI than peple with similar genetic risk wh did nt jg.
But fr thse wh lathe jgging, fear nt: Five ther types f exercises were als tied t a lwer BMI amng individuals at risk fr besity. These included muntain climbing, ballrm dancing and walking. The benefits f these exercises were the biggest amng thse with the greatest genetic risk f besity.
Interestingly, several ther types f exercises failed t cunteract the genetic risk f besity. These included cycling, stretching exercises and swimming. The findings dn't mean that these latter exercises can't help with weight cntrl. It's just that they didn't seem t cunteract the genetic tendency t gain weight.
There culd be several reasns fr this. The researchers nted that, fr the average Je r Jane, cycling and stretching exercises tend t require less energy than the exercises that were tied t a lwer besity risk. In additin, exercising in water, as happens with swimming, may increase appetite.
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文。研究表明，慢跑是肥胖基因的克星。此外，爬山、交际舞和散步也有利于减小肥胖的风险。然而，骑自行车、做伸展运动和游泳等并不能帮助抵抗肥胖基因风险。
8．What des the underlined wrd “lathe” in the third paragraph mean?
A．Dislike. B．Display.
C．Disturb. D．Discurage.
解析：词义猜测题。画线词后面提供了其他几项抵抗肥胖基因风险的运动。可见画线词所在句的意思是“对于那些不喜欢慢跑的人来说，也不必担心”。故可判断lathe是“不喜欢，讨厌”之意。
答案：A
9．Which exercise has the least effect n balancing besity genes?
A．Muntain climbing. B．Ballrm dancing.
C．Running slwly. D．Riding a bicycle.
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“several ther types f exercises failed t cunteract the genetic risk f besity. These included cycling, stretching exercises and swimming”可知，骑自行车不能抵抗肥胖基因风险。
答案：D
10．What des the authr indicate in the last paragraph?
A．Swimming desn't help ne lse weight.
B．Diving may make a persn eat mre fd.
C．Average peple put less energy int exercises.
D．Stretching exercises will becme ppular.
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，水中运动可能会增加食欲。潜水属于水中运动，据此可判断潜水可能使一个人饭量增加。
答案：B
【易错点拨】 A项具有较大的干扰性。原因是考生未能正确理解“several ther types f exercises failed t cunteract the genetic risk f besity. These included cycling, stretching exercises and swimming”，本句的意思是“一些其他类型的运动不能抵抗肥胖基因风险，包括骑自行车、做伸展运动及游泳”。但这并不等于说这些运动没有减肥效果。后面一句话“The findings dn't mean that these latter exercises can't help with weight cntrl”也清楚地说明了这一点。故A项不正确。
11．Which f the fllwing is the best title?
A．Jgging Less Leads t Genetic Obesity
B．Regular Exercises Tend t Lwer BMI
C．Whether Exercises Balance Risks f Obesity Genes
D．Genes Are Very Imprtant fr Peple's Weight Cntrl
解析：标题归纳题。根据第一段最后一句、第二段第三句、第三段最后一句和第四段第一句可知，本文主要讲的是运动是否能够平衡肥胖基因的风险，故C项是最佳答案。
答案：C
D
(2021·浙江东阳模拟)When early humans killed a mammth, hw did they keep the meat befre they culd eat it all? We dn't knw; maybe they didn't. But perhaps they preserved their mammth steak in salt. Hwever, it is hard t knw fr sure. We d knw fr certain that by 3，000 years ag, the Babylnians, Egyptians, and Chinese were all experts at salting. They used salt t preserve fd.
Fr thusands f years, salting was a cmmn way t preserve fd. But fr a lng time, n ne knew why salt wrked. Then, in the 1800s, a Frenchman named Luis Pasteur discvered the secret: bacteria. What des salt have t d with bacteria? First, bacteria need misture t grw and multiply. Salt pulls misture ut f fd, s the bacteria n lnger have enugh misture. Besides, salt is pisnus t many bacteria. If yu cver fd with salt, bacteria utside the fd die befre they get in, and bacteria already in the fd are pisned by the salt.
S hw d yu preserve fd with salt? Fr meat r fish, yu pur a layer f salt, then rub it in well. Hams are ften made this way. Anther way is t alternate layers f fd and salt in a big cntainer. The salt will draw the misture ut f the fd, creating brine (盐水) that the fd sits in. Yu'll need t make sure the brine cmpletely cvers the fd; therwise, any fd left expsed t the air will spil. If yu preserve cabbage this way, yu'll make sauerkraut.
Hw well salt preserves fd depends n hw much it is used. The mre salt, the lnger the fd is preserved. Unfrtunately, using enugh salt t preserve fd fr a very lng time can cause prblems. It can make fd tugh. It can destry the flavr. And, f curse, it can make the fd t salty t eat, which is harmful t ur health.
Tday, even thugh we n lnger rely n salt t keep ur fd fresh, we haven't lst ur taste fr salt. We dn't want t give up ur bacn, salami, and watermeln pickles!
[语篇解读] 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种常见的保存食物的方法——腌制，讲述了腌制中盐所起的作用、如何用盐保存食物以及盐的用量问题。
12．Why are examples f the ancient peple mentined in the first paragraph?
A．T make an intrductin t the tpic.
B．T explain ur ancestrs were very clever.
C．T tell us the ancient peple had a lt f fd t eat.
D．T shw the ancient peple were gd at preserving fd.
解析：写作意图题。文章开头以及下文中对腌制食物这种方法的介绍可知，第一段提到古人保存食物的方法主要是为了引入文章主题。
答案：A
13．What des the underlined wrd “spil” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A．Becme mre delicius.
B．Be preserved lnger.
C．G bad.
D．Becme extremely salty.
解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“Yu'll need t make sure the brine cmpletely cvers the fd”可知，腌制食物时要保证盐水完全覆盖食物。再根据“therwise”可知，此处说的是与之相反的情况，即如果不按要求腌制食物，结果会不好。再结合生活常识可知，此处是指任何暴露在空气中的食物都会变质。spil在此处作动词，表示“变坏，变质，腐败”。
答案：C
14．Which f the fllwing des the authr prbably agree with?
A．If yu want t make a ham, yu shuld keep it in brine.
B．If yu want t make sauerkraut, yu'd better pur a layer f salt and rub it.
C．T keep the fd lnger, yu shuld put as much salt n the fd as pssible.
D．Peple needn't give up salty fd cmpletely as lng as they cntrl the amunt.
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“we haven't lst ur taste fr salt. We dn't want t give up ur bacn, salami, and watermeln pickles！”可知，人们没有失去对盐的喜爱，并不想放弃腌制的食物。再结合第四段第一句可知，人们不必放弃腌制的食物，只要控制好盐的用量即可。故选D项。
答案：D
15．What's the authr's purpse in writing the text?
A．T explain hw the ancient peple preserved fd.
B．T tell us hw salt wrks in preserving fd.
C．T persuade peple t give up salty fd.
D．T intrduce the way f preserving fd with salt.
解析：写作意图题。文章主要介绍了盐在腌制中的作用、如何用盐保存食物以及盐的用量问题，即作者写这篇文章的目的是介绍用盐腌制食物的方法。
答案：D
【词汇积累】
1．生僻词&派生词
bacteria n．细菌 misture n．潮气，水分 alternate v．使交替，使轮流 layer n．层 sauerkraut n．泡菜 flavr n．味道
2．短语
have t d with与……有关系 be pisnus t对……有毒 depend n依赖，取决于 rely n依赖于 taste fr...对……的爱好
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
(2021·衡水中学一调)Art galleries are places in which artists can display all types f wrks f art, including paintings, drawings, phtgraphs, sculptures, etc. 16 At the same time, hwever, each artwrk must be prtected frm expsure t t much light since that can cause wrks t fade and therefre get ruined. 17
The mst cmmn frm f lighting used t light up artwrk is indr sptlights n tracks attached t the ceiling near where the wrk is being displayed. 18 It permits the lights t be mved mre easily when the light patterns require adjusting. Recessed (嵌入的) lights in walls and ceilings can be useful s lng as they are nt fixed in place but can instead be easily mved t create ideal light patterns. Mst art gallery directrs state that a cmbinatin f tracked and recessed light equipment is ideal because the tracked lights fcus directly n the artwrk while the recessed lights are used n the nearby walls t prvide a surrunding light surce. 19
Hw t angle the lights depends upn the height f the ceiling and the size f the artwrk. Cautin must be taken t avid creating t many areas with shadws r t have the lights cause a glare n the artwrk. Besides, the lights shuld nt be bare bulbs burning directly n the artwrk but shuld be made in sme way t make the lighting sfter. Accrding t experts, lw vltage (电压) bulbs are the best t use when lighting artwrk. 20 Thus artwrk shuld be placed in a rm where sunlight can't directly hit it.
A．It can make the displays attractive.
B．Using tracked lighting is beneficial.
C．Light plays a key rle in art galleries.
D．This light surce can better imprve the md surrunding the wrk.
E．T better imprve their appearance, the display area needs t be well lit.
F．Finding a happy medium between nt enugh light and t much f it requires cnsiderable skill and experience.
G．Abve all, natural light shuld be avided since direct sunlight will damage artwrk, particularly paintings, ver time.
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了光线对艺术展览馆及其内部作品的布局产生的影响。
16．解析：根据下文中的“At the same time, hwever, each artwrk must be prtected frm expsure t t much light”可知，然而，与此同时，每件艺术展品都需避免被过度暴露在光线下。E项“为了更好地改善它们的外观，展区需要有明亮的光线”与下文构成转折关系，符合语境。故选E。
答案：E
17．解析：上文介绍了展览馆既需要避免光线过强，又需要有明亮的光线；下文介绍了如何确保艺术展览馆有足够的光线及如何防止光线对展品产生破坏。F项“寻找到既有足够的光线而又不会过于明亮的平衡点需要很好的技巧和经验”承上启下，符合语境。故选F。
答案：F
18．解析：根据下文“It permits the lights t be mved mre easily when the light patterns require adjusting.”可知，它可以在需要调节光模式时使移动光源变得更容易。B项“使用追光灯是很有用的”与下文衔接紧密，符合语境。故选B。
答案：B
19．解析：根据上文中的“the recessed lights are used n the nearby walls t prvide a surrunding light surce”可知，嵌入式的照明能给展品周围提供光源。D项“这种光源可以更好地改善展品周围的氛围”与上文衔接紧密，符合语境。故选D。
答案：D
20．解析：根据下文“Thus artwrk shuld be placed in a rm where sunlight can't directly hit it.”可知，艺术展品需要放在太阳光不能直接照射到的房间中。G项“最重要的是，要避免自然光，因为直射的太阳光会慢慢地毁坏艺术品，特别是画作”与下文衔接紧密，符合语境。故选G。
答案：G
A
(2021·武汉毕业班学习质量检测)Have yu ever experienced any incnvenience caused by language barriers while travelling? Have yu ever thught hw awesme thse language curses wuld be if they didn't cst s much mney and require s much time?
Translaty is created t serve this purpse—withut wasting yur mney and time n language curses, yu can instantly becme “fluent” in mre than 40 languages with this genius device!
What is Translaty?
Translaty is a simple yet lifechanging inventin that helps yu t vercme any bstacles caused by freign languages, whether yu're in a business meeting with an internatinal client r sunbathing smewhere n a Spanish beach. This small but ingenius device is able t instantly recgnize and translate ver 40 different languages, making intercultural cmmunicatin cmpletely effrtless!
What languages can I actually cmmunicate in?
Translaty has mre than 40 languages preinstalled, s yu're able t use it the minute yu get it! It prvides fast and accurate twway cmmunicatin and allws yu t install sme ther languages that yu might be missing.
What makes Translaty s special?
*Makes travelling easier—frget language barriers and becme “fluent” in mre than 40 languages.
* Helps in business—strengthening yur internatinal business relatinships. It's easy when yu speak the same language.
*Assists in daily life—allwing yu t vercme language differences with yur freign friends.
*Cnvenient and easy t use—lightweight and simple design ensures it's there when yu need it the mst.
*Offers 100% accurate, twway translatins.
*High sund and recrding quality ensure there are n misunderstandings.
T sum up—get it while yu can!
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文。文章向读者介绍了一种小而精巧、质量可靠且能够解决跨文化交际中出现的语言障碍的翻译设备。
1．Translaty can help users ．
A．better understand freigners
B．learn freign languages well
C．spend less in learning a language
D．build relatinships with clleagues
解析：推理判断题。由What is Translaty？部分最后一句可知，这种小而精巧的设备能即时识别并翻译40多种不同的语言，它可以让跨文化交际变得毫不费力！故由此推断，Translaty可以帮助用户更好地了解外国人。故选A。
答案：A
2．What is special abut Translaty?
A．It's secure. B．It's strng.
C．It's reliable. D．It's affrdable.
解析：推理判断题。根据What makes Translaty s special？部分中的“Offers 100% accurate, twway translatins.”及“High sund and recrding quality ensure there are n misunderstandings.”可知，Translaty所提供的翻译正确率达到100%，品质非常高，不会造成误解。由此可推知，Translaty的特别之处在于它非常可靠。故选C。
答案：C
3．What's the purpse f the passage?
A．T reprt. B．T advertise.
C．T appeal. D．T reply.
解析：写作意图题。该题问的是本文的写作目的是什么。通读全文内容可知，本文主要向读者介绍了一种小而精巧、质量可靠、能够解决跨文化交际中出现的语言障碍的翻译设备。由此可推知，本文主要是在为这种翻译设备做广告，来让读者购买。故选B。
答案：B
B
Many Beijing residents g t great lengths t avid breathing the city's smggy air, especially when it reaches critical pllutin levels, but ne lcal firm decided that canning (罐装) and selling this pr quality air as a suvenir (纪念品) wuld be a great idea. Believe it r nt, he was right.
After seeing a number f cmpanies achieve cmmercial success by canning fresh air frm cuntries like France, Canada r Australia and selling it in China, Dminic JhnsnHill, a Britishbrn citizen f Beijing and wner f the Plastered 8 suvenir shp, decided t turn the idea n its head and sell canned Beijing air thrughut China and abrad.
“I'd seen peple ging crazy t buy canned air frm Canada and Australia, s I thught it was time t push business the ther way，” the entrepreneur said.“They're perfect gifts! What else are yu ging t take hme when yu g hme frm Beijing? A rast duck? A Plastered Tshirt? These cans are light, prtable. Yu can just imagine smene's face when they unwrap (打开) it fr Christmas.”
The few muthfulls f Beijing air cme in standard tin cans featuring a cuple f city landmarks as well as a bitter descriptin f the cntents: “a unique mix f nitrgen (氮气), xygen and sme ther stuff”. The irnic (讽刺的) suvenirs cst 28 RMB (US $4) and are available at the Plastered 8 shp, as well as n its nline shp. But if yu're actually cnsidering buying sme, yu'd better ask shp in advance, as they are virtually flying ff the shelves. JhnsnHill said that his shp is selling hundreds f Beijing air cans every day.
Persnally, the wellsld can prbably is an awakening fr the public t be cncerned abut the living cnditins. Yet ne thing that's nt particularly clear is whether the air is really cllected frm Beijing, as the cans are labeled as “Made in Shenzhen”. There's a big chance that's just a kind f Plastered 8 humr, as they als list “Chking Hazard” and “May have unidentified bjects inside.” as warnings.
Anyway, it is prbably a unique way t aruse public awareness f prtecting the envirnment.
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了Dminic JhnsnHill在中国和海外销售罐装北京空气，人们对此看法不一，但作者认为无论如何，这可能是唤起公众保护环境意识的一种独特方式。
4．What cntributes t Dminic's idea f canning and selling the pr quality air?
A．Try t get used t it.
B．Sell it all ver the wrld.
C．Can it as a suvenir.
D．Try t push business the ther way.
解析：细节理解题。由第三段中的“‘I'd seen peple ging crazy t buy canned air frm Canada and Australia, s I thught it was time t push business the ther way，’ the entrepreneur said.”可知，努力把生意推向另一个方向使Dminic产生了制作和销售劣质空气的想法。
答案：D
5．Hw may ne feel when receiving canned Beijing air fr Christmas?
A．Satisfied. B．Surprised.
C．Frightened. D．Refreshed.
解析：推理判断题。由第三段中的“These cans are light, prtable. Yu can just imagine smene's face when they unwrap it fr Christmas.”可知，你可以想象某人在圣诞节打开易拉罐时的表情；圣诞礼物一般都是美好的，而一个人收到北京罐装空气作为圣诞礼物一定会感到很吃惊。
答案：B
6．Which f the fllwing can replace the underlined wrd “stuff” in Paragraph 4?
A．liquids B．bjects
C．minerals D．risks
解析：词义猜测题。由第四段第一句可知，锡罐里的北京空气中含有氮、氧和一些其他物质，and表并列，所以stuff是和氮、氧类似的物质，由此可知，画线词词义为“物质”。
答案：B
7．What can we infer frm the passage?
A．The canned Beijing air may harm peple wh buy it.
B．The Plastered 8 suvenir shp is famus fr its humur.
C．Peple shuld make effrts t prtect the envirnment.
D．Dminic JhnsnHill likes the pr quality air in Beijing.
解析：推理判断题。由最后一段中“Anyway, it is prbably a unique way t aruse public awareness f prtecting the envirnment.”可知，无论如何，这可能是唤起公众保护环境意识的一种独特方式，由此可知，人们应该努力保护环境。
答案：C
C
(2021·山东六市联合测试)In a new study, researchers analyzed infrmatin frm mre than 18，000 peple wh prvided bld samples. Participants reprted whether they exercised regularly, and if s, what type f exercises they typically did. The researchers then scanned participants' bld, lking fr genes that are tied t an increased risk f besity (肥胖). Next, the researchers examined whether certain exercises seemed t balance this risk.
Overall, peple wh reprted ding any type f regular exercises tended t have a lwer BMI (体重指数) than thse wh didn't. This was true even amng peple wh were genetically easy t becme verweight. But ne exercise std ut as the ne with the strngest antibesity effect: jgging. Participants with besity genes wh jgged tended t have a lwer BMI than peple with similar genetic risk wh did nt jg.
But fr thse wh lathe jgging, fear nt: Five ther types f exercises were als tied t a lwer BMI amng individuals at risk fr besity. These included muntain climbing, ballrm dancing and walking. The benefits f these exercises were the biggest amng thse with the greatest genetic risk f besity.
Interestingly, several ther types f exercises failed t cunteract the genetic risk f besity. These included cycling, stretching exercises and swimming. The findings dn't mean that these latter exercises can't help with weight cntrl. It's just that they didn't seem t cunteract the genetic tendency t gain weight.
There culd be several reasns fr this. The researchers nted that, fr the average Je r Jane, cycling and stretching exercises tend t require less energy than the exercises that were tied t a lwer besity risk. In additin, exercising in water, as happens with swimming, may increase appetite.
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文。研究表明，慢跑是肥胖基因的克星。此外，爬山、交际舞和散步也有利于减小肥胖的风险。然而，骑自行车、做伸展运动和游泳等并不能帮助抵抗肥胖基因风险。
8．What des the underlined wrd “lathe” in the third paragraph mean?
A．Dislike. B．Display.
C．Disturb. D．Discurage.
解析：词义猜测题。画线词后面提供了其他几项抵抗肥胖基因风险的运动。可见画线词所在句的意思是“对于那些不喜欢慢跑的人来说，也不必担心”。故可判断lathe是“不喜欢，讨厌”之意。
答案：A
9．Which exercise has the least effect n balancing besity genes?
A．Muntain climbing. B．Ballrm dancing.
C．Running slwly. D．Riding a bicycle.
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“several ther types f exercises failed t cunteract the genetic risk f besity. These included cycling, stretching exercises and swimming”可知，骑自行车不能抵抗肥胖基因风险。
答案：D
10．What des the authr indicate in the last paragraph?
A．Swimming desn't help ne lse weight.
B．Diving may make a persn eat mre fd.
C．Average peple put less energy int exercises.
D．Stretching exercises will becme ppular.
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，水中运动可能会增加食欲。潜水属于水中运动，据此可判断潜水可能使一个人饭量增加。
答案：B
【易错点拨】 A项具有较大的干扰性。原因是考生未能正确理解“several ther types f exercises failed t cunteract the genetic risk f besity. These included cycling, stretching exercises and swimming”，本句的意思是“一些其他类型的运动不能抵抗肥胖基因风险，包括骑自行车、做伸展运动及游泳”。但这并不等于说这些运动没有减肥效果。后面一句话“The findings dn't mean that these latter exercises can't help with weight cntrl”也清楚地说明了这一点。故A项不正确。
11．Which f the fllwing is the best title?
A．Jgging Less Leads t Genetic Obesity
B．Regular Exercises Tend t Lwer BMI
C．Whether Exercises Balance Risks f Obesity Genes
D．Genes Are Very Imprtant fr Peple's Weight Cntrl
解析：标题归纳题。根据第一段最后一句、第二段第三句、第三段最后一句和第四段第一句可知，本文主要讲的是运动是否能够平衡肥胖基因的风险，故C项是最佳答案。
答案：C
D
(2021·浙江东阳模拟)When early humans killed a mammth, hw did they keep the meat befre they culd eat it all? We dn't knw; maybe they didn't. But perhaps they preserved their mammth steak in salt. Hwever, it is hard t knw fr sure. We d knw fr certain that by 3，000 years ag, the Babylnians, Egyptians, and Chinese were all experts at salting. They used salt t preserve fd.
Fr thusands f years, salting was a cmmn way t preserve fd. But fr a lng time, n ne knew why salt wrked. Then, in the 1800s, a Frenchman named Luis Pasteur discvered the secret: bacteria. What des salt have t d with bacteria? First, bacteria need misture t grw and multiply. Salt pulls misture ut f fd, s the bacteria n lnger have enugh misture. Besides, salt is pisnus t many bacteria. If yu cver fd with salt, bacteria utside the fd die befre they get in, and bacteria already in the fd are pisned by the salt.
S hw d yu preserve fd with salt? Fr meat r fish, yu pur a layer f salt, then rub it in well. Hams are ften made this way. Anther way is t alternate layers f fd and salt in a big cntainer. The salt will draw the misture ut f the fd, creating brine (盐水) that the fd sits in. Yu'll need t make sure the brine cmpletely cvers the fd; therwise, any fd left expsed t the air will spil. If yu preserve cabbage this way, yu'll make sauerkraut.
Hw well salt preserves fd depends n hw much it is used. The mre salt, the lnger the fd is preserved. Unfrtunately, using enugh salt t preserve fd fr a very lng time can cause prblems. It can make fd tugh. It can destry the flavr. And, f curse, it can make the fd t salty t eat, which is harmful t ur health.
Tday, even thugh we n lnger rely n salt t keep ur fd fresh, we haven't lst ur taste fr salt. We dn't want t give up ur bacn, salami, and watermeln pickles!
[语篇解读] 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种常见的保存食物的方法——腌制，讲述了腌制中盐所起的作用、如何用盐保存食物以及盐的用量问题。
12．Why are examples f the ancient peple mentined in the first paragraph?
A．T make an intrductin t the tpic.
B．T explain ur ancestrs were very clever.
C．T tell us the ancient peple had a lt f fd t eat.
D．T shw the ancient peple were gd at preserving fd.
解析：写作意图题。文章开头以及下文中对腌制食物这种方法的介绍可知，第一段提到古人保存食物的方法主要是为了引入文章主题。
答案：A
13．What des the underlined wrd “spil” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A．Becme mre delicius.
B．Be preserved lnger.
C．G bad.
D．Becme extremely salty.
解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“Yu'll need t make sure the brine cmpletely cvers the fd”可知，腌制食物时要保证盐水完全覆盖食物。再根据“therwise”可知，此处说的是与之相反的情况，即如果不按要求腌制食物，结果会不好。再结合生活常识可知，此处是指任何暴露在空气中的食物都会变质。spil在此处作动词，表示“变坏，变质，腐败”。
答案：C
14．Which f the fllwing des the authr prbably agree with?
A．If yu want t make a ham, yu shuld keep it in brine.
B．If yu want t make sauerkraut, yu'd better pur a layer f salt and rub it.
C．T keep the fd lnger, yu shuld put as much salt n the fd as pssible.
D．Peple needn't give up salty fd cmpletely as lng as they cntrl the amunt.
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“we haven't lst ur taste fr salt. We dn't want t give up ur bacn, salami, and watermeln pickles！”可知，人们没有失去对盐的喜爱，并不想放弃腌制的食物。再结合第四段第一句可知，人们不必放弃腌制的食物，只要控制好盐的用量即可。故选D项。
答案：D
15．What's the authr's purpse in writing the text?
A．T explain hw the ancient peple preserved fd.
B．T tell us hw salt wrks in preserving fd.
C．T persuade peple t give up salty fd.
D．T intrduce the way f preserving fd with salt.
解析：写作意图题。文章主要介绍了盐在腌制中的作用、如何用盐保存食物以及盐的用量问题，即作者写这篇文章的目的是介绍用盐腌制食物的方法。
答案：D
【词汇积累】
1．生僻词&派生词
bacteria n．细菌 misture n．潮气，水分 alternate v．使交替，使轮流 layer n．层 sauerkraut n．泡菜 flavr n．味道
2．短语
have t d with与……有关系 be pisnus t对……有毒 depend n依赖，取决于 rely n依赖于 taste fr...对……的爱好
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
(2021·衡水中学一调)Art galleries are places in which artists can display all types f wrks f art, including paintings, drawings, phtgraphs, sculptures, etc. 16 At the same time, hwever, each artwrk must be prtected frm expsure t t much light since that can cause wrks t fade and therefre get ruined. 17
The mst cmmn frm f lighting used t light up artwrk is indr sptlights n tracks attached t the ceiling near where the wrk is being displayed. 18 It permits the lights t be mved mre easily when the light patterns require adjusting. Recessed (嵌入的) lights in walls and ceilings can be useful s lng as they are nt fixed in place but can instead be easily mved t create ideal light patterns. Mst art gallery directrs state that a cmbinatin f tracked and recessed light equipment is ideal because the tracked lights fcus directly n the artwrk while the recessed lights are used n the nearby walls t prvide a surrunding light surce. 19
Hw t angle the lights depends upn the height f the ceiling and the size f the artwrk. Cautin must be taken t avid creating t many areas with shadws r t have the lights cause a glare n the artwrk. Besides, the lights shuld nt be bare bulbs burning directly n the artwrk but shuld be made in sme way t make the lighting sfter. Accrding t experts, lw vltage (电压) bulbs are the best t use when lighting artwrk. 20 Thus artwrk shuld be placed in a rm where sunlight can't directly hit it.
A．It can make the displays attractive.
B．Using tracked lighting is beneficial.
C．Light plays a key rle in art galleries.
D．This light surce can better imprve the md surrunding the wrk.
E．T better imprve their appearance, the display area needs t be well lit.
F．Finding a happy medium between nt enugh light and t much f it requires cnsiderable skill and experience.
G．Abve all, natural light shuld be avided since direct sunlight will damage artwrk, particularly paintings, ver time.
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了光线对艺术展览馆及其内部作品的布局产生的影响。
16．解析：根据下文中的“At the same time, hwever, each artwrk must be prtected frm expsure t t much light”可知，然而，与此同时，每件艺术展品都需避免被过度暴露在光线下。E项“为了更好地改善它们的外观，展区需要有明亮的光线”与下文构成转折关系，符合语境。故选E。
答案：E
17．解析：上文介绍了展览馆既需要避免光线过强，又需要有明亮的光线；下文介绍了如何确保艺术展览馆有足够的光线及如何防止光线对展品产生破坏。F项“寻找到既有足够的光线而又不会过于明亮的平衡点需要很好的技巧和经验”承上启下，符合语境。故选F。
答案：F
18．解析：根据下文“It permits the lights t be mved mre easily when the light patterns require adjusting.”可知，它可以在需要调节光模式时使移动光源变得更容易。B项“使用追光灯是很有用的”与下文衔接紧密，符合语境。故选B。
答案：B
19．解析：根据上文中的“the recessed lights are used n the nearby walls t prvide a surrunding light surce”可知，嵌入式的照明能给展品周围提供光源。D项“这种光源可以更好地改善展品周围的氛围”与上文衔接紧密，符合语境。故选D。
答案：D
20．解析：根据下文“Thus artwrk shuld be placed in a rm where sunlight can't directly hit it.”可知，艺术展品需要放在太阳光不能直接照射到的房间中。G项“最重要的是，要避免自然光，因为直射的太阳光会慢慢地毁坏艺术品，特别是画作”与下文衔接紧密，符合语境。故选G。
答案：G
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