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高考英语一轮复习阶段评估检测二必修2含解析
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这是一份高考英语一轮复习阶段评估检测二必修2含解析，共26页。试卷主要包含了 5分, 满分7等内容，欢迎下载使用。
第一部分 听力(共两节, 满分30分)
第一节(共5小题; 每小题1. 5分, 满分7. 5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
Text 1
W: Thusands f yung peple participate in this wrld-class cmpetitin per year.
M: Yes, ①they represent their cuntry t cme here in the hpe f winning hnr fr their cuntry. Mst f them have received intensive training fr sme time.
1. Why d peple take part in the wrld-class match every year?
A. T receive intensive training.
B. T repay their cuntry.
C. T get glry fr their cuntry.
答案: C
Text 2
W: ②There was a merry smile n the cute little girl’s face, and she walked lightly dwn the stairs like dancing.
M: She gt a belved skirt. Which girl desn’t like new clthes?
2. What d we knw abut the little girl?
A. She was dancing. B. She was in high spirits.
C. She was buying a skirt.
答案: B
Text 3
W: We felt very hungry last night. Thus, ③we just had a takeaway at midnight.
M: What? Didn’t yu say that yu wanted t lse weight?
3. What did the wman d last night?
A. She had weight-lss pills.
B. She rdered a takeut.
C. She felt very angry.
答案: B
Text 4
W: When peple mentin Australia, they usually have images f kangars in their minds.
M: This is indeed the case. ④After all, kangars are unique t Australia. As ne f Australia’s symbls, kangars have been the lcals’ pride.
4. Why are Australians prud f kangars?
A. They live nly in Australia.
B. Their images are beautiful.
C. They are Australia’s nly symbl.
答案: A
Text 5
W: The Internet speed in the ffice was really bad. I spent a lt f time and eventually dwnladed the file.
M: ⑤Maybe we shuld lk fr a persn t see where the prblem lies.
5. What will they find a persn t d?
A. T check the ffice.
B. T dwnlad the file.
C. T handle the Internet prblem.
答案: C
第二节(共15小题; 每小题1. 5分, 满分22. 5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟; 听完后, 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料, 回答第6、7题。
Text 6
M: Hell, this is Jhn speaking.
W: ⑥Hi, Jhn. This is Linda. We will have a lunch meeting tmrrw at 12: 00 pm in the cnference rm. I just sent the menu t yur mailbx, please check it and let me knw yur chice as sn as pssible. Thanks.
M: All right! Thanks fr letting me knw, Linda, ⑦I am ut fr a meeting with clients. I will reply t yu as sn as pssible.
W: OK. Thanks.
6. What’s the relatinship between the tw persns?
A. Clleagues. B. Friends.
C. Relatives.
答案: A
7. Why is the man nt wrking in the ffice?
A. He is n vacatin. B. He asked fr a leave.
C. He went t meet clients.
答案: C
听第7段材料, 回答第8、9题。
Text 7
W: Happy birthday, Jimmy. Are yu ready fr the next present?
M: Yu mean there’re mre besides the watch?
W: Cme with us. It’s in the car. Nw, here we are. Yu’ve been talking abut this fr mnths.
M: Oh, ⑧it’s a new cmputer. ⑨It’s just what I want. I’m s happy abut it. Thank yu s much, Mum and Dad.
8. What is the secnd gift fr Jimmy?
A. A car. B. A watch. C. A cmputer.
答案: C
9. Why des Jimmy feel happy?
A. He lives with his parents.
B. He’s gt what he dreams f.
C. He’s received lts f presents.
答案: B
听第8段材料, 回答第10至12题。
Text 8
W: Excuse me, sir?
M: Can I help yu?
W: ⑩My name is Jane Smith. ⑪I’m a designer, lking fr a jb.
M: See my secretary. She will set yu up with the test.
W: When?
M: Next mnth.
W: I can’t wait that lng.
M: Excuse me?
W: I can’t wait a mnth. I need smething sner.
M: ⑫I’m srry.
10. What is the relatinship between the speakers?
A. They are friends.
B. They are strangers t each ther.
C. They are husband and wife.
答案: B
11. Why des the wman cme t talk with the man?
A. T get a jb. B. T take a test.
C. T see the secretary.
答案: A
12. What des the man mean by saying srry?
A. He can’t hear the wman clearly.
B. He desn’t need a designer.
C. He can’t help the wman.
答案: C
听第9段材料, 回答第13至16题。
Text 9
W: Gd mrning. May I help yu?
M: Yes. I want a hat.
W: Let me shw yu these hats.
M: Excuse me. ⑬I’m a reprter. I want t ask sme questins.
W: A reprter!
M: ⑭I’m writing a stry abut Western clthing.
W: That’s right. D yu wear Western clthing?
M: Smetimes. ⑮It’s gd casual clthing. I want a Western hat.
W: D yu like this ne?
M: I have a large head.
W: This is a large hat.
M: Let me try it.
W: D yu like it?
M: N, I dn’t. ⑯My face is very rund. I dn’t like the hat.
W: Try this ne.
M: My head lks very big.
W: Yu lk tall.
13. What des the man d?
A. He is a reprter. B. He is a wrker.
C. He is a teacher.
答案: A
14. Why did he ask the questins?
A. T save mney. B. T write a stry.
C. T buy a hat.
答案: B
15. What’s his pinin abut Western clthing?
A. Very attractive. B. Quite frmal.
C. Very casual.
答案: C
16. Why didn’t he like the first hat?
A. His face is very rund.
B. He lks shrt.
C. His head lks very big.
答案: A
听第10段材料, 回答第17至20题。
Text 10
M: Gd afternn, everybdy and welcme t this class n English wrds. I hpe that all f yu can hear me. If nt, please let me knw. I am Prf. Jhn Mrris. ⑱
I’ll be yur teacher fr the next 13 weeks. As yu can prbably tell, this is ne f the ppular and crwded classes. Indeed, every time these curses are ffered, this rm is very full. Why is that? Well, ⑰in rder t use the English language, it’s very imprtant t have at least a basic understanding f hw wrds are frmed. Just t mentin ne figure, and there are many. There are abut ne millin wrds in English. If yu are an English learner, yu might wnder hw yu can pssibly remember all f these wrds. Well, fr ne thing yu dn’t have t. N native speaker exists wh knws all f the wrds in the English language. Besides, there are shrtcuts. Shrtcuts? Yes, fr example, ⑲if yu knw hw wrds are frmed by using parts f wrds frm ther languages, such as Greek and French, yu’ll understand a gd number f English wrds when yu first cme acrss them. Let me put it this way. ⑳Knwing the rules will help yu t master a large number f wrds. This is prbably the N. 1 reasn why this class is s ppular.
17. Where can yu mst prbably hear this talk?
A. In a class f the English language.
B. In a class f the Greek language.
C. In a class f the French language.
答案: A
18. Hw lng des the class last?
A. 11 weeks. B. 13 weeks. C. 15 weeks.
答案: B
19. What is “the shrtcut” t learning wrds accrding t the speaker?
A. Taking mre curses.
B. Reading basic wrds alud.
C. Learning hw wrds are frmed.
答案: C
20. Why is the class ppular?
A. It is nt ffered each term.
B. It’s taught by Prfessr Mrris.
C. It helps t master sme useful rules.
答案: C
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节, 满分40分)
第一节(共15小题; 每小题2分, 满分30分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。
A
(2021·德州模拟)
Cruise(巡航)lines wrldwide suspended sailings March 13 because f the spread f the crnavirus pandemic. Nw cmpanies such as Carnival and Disney are pushing ut their return dates and canceling mre trips meaning passengers can receive full refunds fr the price f their trips.
Thse wh want t take their chances and pstpne—even thugh there’s n firm date when this pandemic will end—can chse t receive a credit fr a future cruise. Just remember: If yu chse a credit, yu have given up yur refund. Cruise cmpanies want yu t stick with them, and are ffering extra perks(津贴) and credits t keep yu n bard.
Carnival Cruises
On Wednesday, Carnival Cruises annunced it wuld suspend Alaska sailings thrugh June 30 and scrap all San Francisc cruises fr the rest f the year. Typical five-day cruises alng the Califrnia cast called at Catalina Island and Ensenada, Mexic, befre returning t the Bay Area.
The cmpany als canceled cruises abard Carnival Radiance (an upgrade f the Carnival Victry) thrugh Nv. 1, and Carnival Legend, thrugh Oct. 30. Carnival Legend typically sails frm Seattle t Alaska in summer mnths.
Passengers whse trips have been canceled may pt fr a refund r a future cruise credit.
Disney Cruise Line
Disney Cruise Line n Mnday extended its suspensin fr sailings departing in April. Passengers wh had tickets n any f its fur ships thrugh April 28 may receive a refund r a cruise credit fr a trip within 15 mnths f their riginal departure date, accrding t the cmpany’s website.
Disney als warned passengers abut sailings abard the Disney Wnder that are scheduled t resume April 29. The itinerary(行程) calls fr a stp in Vancuver, Canada, but Canada has clsed its prts at least thrugh July 1.
【文章大意】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了许多邮轮因新冠肺炎疫情被取消后, 乘客如何获得退款或信用额度。
21. What can the passengers select if they want t cruise later?
A. Refunds. B. Credits.
C. Perks. D. Chances.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第二段中Thse wh want t take. . . a credit fr a future cruise. 可知那些想以后进行游轮之旅的人可以选择获得积分。
22. What d we knw abut Carnival Cruises?
A. Carnival Legend typically sails frm Seattle t Alaska in winter mnths.
B. Passengers whse trips have been canceled nly chse a future cruise credit.
C. Carnival Radiance is canceled thrugh Oct. 30.
D. San Francisc cruises will be canceled fr the rest f the year.
【解析】选 D。细节理解题。根据第三段第一句On Wednesday, Carnival Cruises annunced it . . . and scrap all San Francisc cruises fr the rest f the year. 可知, 嘉年华邮轮公司宣布, 将在6月30日前暂停阿拉斯加航线, 并在今年剩余时间内取消所有旧金山邮轮。由此可知, 今年剩余时间的旧金山游轮将被取消。
23. What may happen if yu had tickets n any f the ships f Disney Cruise Line?
A. Yu will receive refunds befre April 28.
B. Yur trip will be delayed till June.
C. Yu will receive a cruise credit fr a trip.
D. Yu will receive refunds n April 29.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中Passengers wh had tickets n any f its fur ships thrugh . . . f their riginal departure date, accrding t the cmpany’s website. 可知根据该公司网站显示, 在4月28日之前持有该公司四艘船中的任何一艘船票的乘客, 可以在原出发日期的15个月内获得退款或邮轮积分。由此可知, 如果你有迪士尼游轮的船票, 你将会得到邮轮积分。
B
“The mment befre they called my name, I was really nervus because the ther finalists’ presentatins are really gd and I thught they wuld win, ” Kara Fan, 14, wh has wn America’s Tp Yung Scientist, tld Yah Finance. “ When they annunced my name, I was really surprised actually. ”
T win that claim, Fan’s nan-particle liquid bandage had t surpass the experiments f hundreds f fifth t eighth graders as well as nine ther finalists. Fan started develping her liquid bandage in April 2019 t fight the veruse f antibitics(抗生素).
Accrding t the CDC, rughly 2 millin peple every year suffer a bacterial infectin in the U. S. and abut 23, 000 passed away as a result. If left alne, a UN study reprted, drug-resistant diseases r the “superbug” culd lead t 10 millin deaths acrss the glbe by 2050. When Fan’s sprayable bandage dries n a persn’s skin, it creates a thin layer that prtects the wunded area while breaking the cell wall and killing the bacteria n the skin. After experimenting with cpper nitrate(硝酸铜) t fight bacteria, switching t the silver nitrate ended up being the majr catalyst (催化剂) t seeing results fr her award-winning prject.
“Thusands f years ag, ancient peple wuld use cpper and silver t eat with and they wuld drink water frm like cpper bwls t kill bacteria, ” Fan explained. “ I fund ut that it didn’t wrk. S I used nan silver. ”
Sir Alexander Fleming’s discvery f penicillin—a type f antibitic—is Fan’s favrite scientific discvery. That said she desn’t think humans shuld rely t heavily n penicillin.
Fllwing her years at Westview High Schl, Fan hpes t cntinue her bilgy track at Stanfrd University. Alng with the $ 25, 000 cash prize she wn n Octber 29, becming America’s Tp Yung Scientist may help get the private university’s attentin.
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文, 讲述了获得美国最佳青年科学家奖的卡拉·范发明液体绷带的故事。
24. Hw did Kara Fan feel abut her winning the prize?
A. Cnfident. B. Regretful.
C. Prud. D. Unexpected.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第一段中的“When they annunced my name, I was really surprised actually. ”卡拉·范说: “当他们宣布我的名字时, 我真的很惊讶”, 由此可知, 卡拉·范对自己的获奖感到很意外。
25. Fr what purpse did Fan develp her liquid bandage?
A. T fight veruse f antibitics.
B. T enter a natinal cntest.
C. T reduce deaths frm injuries.
D. T get int a gd university.
【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Fan started develping her liquid bandage in April 2019 t fight the veruse f antibitics”可知, 卡拉·范于2019年4月开始发明液体绷带, 以对抗抗生素的过度使用, 故A项正确。
26. Which f the fllwing des Fan use t kill bacteria?
A. Cpper nitrate. B. Cpper.
C. Silver. D. Nan silver.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“Thusands f years ag, ancient peple wuld use cpper and silver t eat with and they wuld drink water frm like cpper bwls t kill bacteria, ” Fan explained. “ I fund ut that it didn’t wrk. S I used nan silver. ”可知, 范解释说: “几千年前, 古代人会用铜碗和银碗吃饭, 他们会喝铜碗里的水来杀灭细菌。但我发现这不起作用, 所以我用了纳米银(来杀菌)。”
27. What might be Fan’s pinin abut penicillin?
A. Addictive. B. Valuable.
C. Useless. D. Irreplaceable.
【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“Sir Alexander Fleming’s discvery f penicillin—a type f antibitic—is Fan’s favrite scientific discvery. ”可知, 亚历山大弗莱明发现的青霉素是范最喜欢的科学发现, 由此可知, 范认为青霉素是有价值的。
C
(2021·临沂模拟)
It is with mixed emtins that I went t the yung criminal center every few mnths t give vaccinatins (接种疫苗). On the ne hand, I feel lucky t be able t prvide a service that may have a psitive health effect n the residents. But, n the ther hand, I feel a sense f sadness and disappintment as I see the prisners being escrted (押送) by guards t the nursing unit.
My last visit was very memrable. Fr sme reasn, there was a lightness in the air. Mre than ever befre, I felt a lightness as I spke with each persn. We shared stries and smiles and fears. Even the tughest prisners seemed t be surrunded by light. As a mther, I saw them as nt nly yuth, being punished fr crimes, but als as children wh have the ptential t change fr the better. Mst f them wanted t talk lnger! They were reaching ut t us! It felt right.
There was ne mre prisner. He was limited t a different unit in a lnely cell. We were asked if we were kay ging dwn there. We said that we were. Tw guards escrted us dwn and when we entered the area, instant tears welled up in my eyes. The area was sad. These guards didn’t smile. We entered the cell and had t make d with what was there.
We were dne but I didn’t want t leave. I gave the 17-year-ld a gentle tuch and smile as I explained what t d regarding the side effects. At first, there was n respnse, s I just lked dwn at his bare feet and then t my supplies. I thught that I had better pack up. Suddenly, he lked up at me and smiled befre he said “Thanks” and then he gave me a thumbs-up. I smiled back and said, “Yu’re welcme. Take care f yurself. ”
It was wnderful t receive a kind respnse frm smene wh was in such a harsh place. As we walked back t the main entrance, we didn’t speak. Where there can be a smile, there is hpe. Smetimes smiles can be very pwerful.
【文章大意】本篇是一篇记叙文, 讲述了作者到青年犯罪中心为这些年轻的罪犯打疫苗的经历。
28. What can we knw abut the yung in the yung criminal center?
A. They received regular medical service.
B. They were treated unfairly.
C. They stayed in bad cnditins.
D. They were frced t take treatment.
【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第一段中的“It is with mixed emtins that I went t the yung criminal center every few mnths t give vaccinatins. ”可知, 作者每隔几个月就会去给这些年轻的罪犯接种疫苗, 这说明这些年轻人接受了定期的医疗服务。
29. What was special abut the center the last time the authr went there?
A. She was asked t share stries.
B. Every prisner was kind t her.
C. The yung peple talked freely.
D. She sensed a relaxing atmsphere.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Fr sme reasn, there was a lightness in the air. ”可知, 作者最后一次去犯罪中心, 她感受到了一种轻松的氛围。
30. What did the yung man think f the authr?
A. He disliked her fr her sympathy.
B. He really appreciated her kindness.
C. He thught she wuld change his life.
D. He thught she was just an rdinary dctr.
【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第四段中的“. . . smiled befre he said “Thanks” and then he gave me a thumbs-up. ”可知, 他微笑着向作者道谢并对作者竖起了大拇指, 由此可知, 这位年轻人对作者的善意很感激。
31. What impressed the authr mst in this stry?
A. The yung man’s smile.
B. The medical care fr prisners.
C. The punishment t the prisners.
D. The difference between the yung man and thers.
【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“Smetimes smiles can be very pwerful. ”可知, 作者对这位年轻人的微笑印象最为深刻。
【知识拓展】涉及观点态度的推理判断题难度较大, 文章一般不会直接表明人物的态度, 需要我们根据人物的语言、表情或动作来揣摩其态度, 例如本篇第30题, 根据第四段中的“. . . smiled befre he said “Thanks” and then he gave me a thumbs-up. ”可知, 他微笑着感谢作者并向作者竖起了大拇指, 由此可知, 这位年轻人对作者的善意很感激。
D
(2021·临沂模拟)
Every new parent knws that rcking can calm that uneasy baby when it’s time t take a nap. But the benefits f gentle mvement may g beynd the baby stage. Because tw new studies shw that rcking als helps grwn-ups, bth human and muse, get a gd night’s sleep.
What shuld be n surprise is that mvement can calm smene. Think f hw many times yu’ve fallen asleep n a train. But can mtin really cause a nap, and make fr a deeper sleep?
T find ut, researchers invited 18 healthy vlunteers fr a sleepver. “S they came t the lab and slept ne time n the mtinless, nrmal bed. And ne night where they gt rcked. ” said Aurre Perrault, a sleep researcher at the University f Geneva in Switzerland. “And what we find is that when cmpared t a mtinless night, a whle night f rcking sleep has a beneficial effect nt nly n sleep beginning but als n sleep cntinuity. ” Subjects wh were rcked als did better n a memry test the next mrning than the stiller sleepers.
In the secnd study, Kmptis, a student at the University f Lausanne, rcked a rack f mice. Whether rcking affects sleep in ther species was never befre discussed. S the main questins fr ur study were whether rcking affects sleep in mice and what is the pssible system?
Kmptis placed the muse cages n a platfrm that mved frm side t side. Thugh mice were rcked fur times faster than their human cunterparts—a frequency f ne back-and-frth per secnd, r 1 Hertz, wrked best—the results were strikingly similar. During rcking at 1 Hertz, time spent asleep increased, and mice fell asleep twice as fast as at still cnditin. Hwever, additinal studies culd allw the researchers t identify a new aim fr treating sleep disrders, including insmnia(失眠).
Until then, yu might think abut adding a little swing t yur nighttime rutine.
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。研究人员在测试中发现, 那些被摇晃过的人比那些静止不动的人在睡眠方面更好。并且, 后来的测试发现, 摇晃对动物也有促进睡眠的作用。文章还介绍了这项研究的过程。
32. What’s the purpse f the secnd study in the passage?
A. T d research n the sleep system f ther species.
B. T discuss in which case rcking affects baby’s sleep.
C. T see whether rcking affects sleep f ther species.
D. T study the influence f rcking n sleep disrders.
【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第四段中In the secnd study, Kmptis, a student at the University f Lausanne, rcked a rack f mice. Whether rcking affects sleep in ther species was never befre discussed. 可知在第二项研究中, 洛桑大学的学生Kmptis摇晃了一组老鼠。以前从未有人讨论过摇晃是否会影响其他物种的睡眠。由此可推知, 第二项研究的目的是观察摇摆是否影响其他物种的睡眠。
33. What d we knw abut the mice in Paragraph 5?
A. Their sleeping time increased when rcked at 1 Hertz.
B. Their sleep disrder including insmnia was treated.
C. When rcked, they fell asleep twice faster than at still cnditin.
D. When rcked, they wrked faster than their human cunterparts.
【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第五段中During rcking at 1 Hertz, time spent asleep increased, and mice fell asleep twice as fast as at still cnditin. 可知在1赫兹的摇晃中, 老鼠的睡眠时间增加了, 老鼠入睡的速度是静止状态的两倍。由此可知, 当震动频率为1赫兹时, 老鼠的睡眠时间增加。
34. Hw did the researchers carry ut the experiment?
A. By cnducting a survey.
B. By asking questins.
C. By filling ut questinnaires.
D. By making cmparisns.
【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中Thugh mice were rcked fur times faster than their human cunterparts—a frequency f ne back-and-frth per secnd, r 1 Hertz, wrked best—the results were strikingly similar. 可知尽管老鼠摇摆的速度是人类的四倍——频率为每秒1次, 或1赫兹, 效果最好——但结果却惊人地相似。由此可推知, 研究人员是通过比较进行实验的。
35. What’s the best title f the passage?
A. Rcking Helps Grwn-ups Sleep T.
B. Deep Sleep Needs the Cnstant Swing.
C. Rcking Greatly Affects Deep Sleep.
D. Rcking Can Treat Sleep Disrders.
【解析】选A。主旨大意题。根据第一段中Because tw new studies shw that rcking als helps grwn-ups, bth human and muse, get a gd night’s sleep. 结合文章主要内容可知研究人员在测试中发现, 那些被摇晃过的人比那些静止不动的人在睡眠方面更好。并且, 后来的测试发现, 摇晃对动物也有促进睡眠的作用。文章还介绍了这项研究的过程。
【知识拓展】标题归纳题属于深层理解题, 它要求考生在通读全文的基础上, 认真分析主人公的特定心态、文章大意及作者的写作意图。在此基础上, 还应做到概括性、针对性、醒目性的有机结合。
概括性原则: 要求标题应在最大程度上覆盖全文, 囊括文章的主要内容, 体现文章的主题要旨。从全局的角度归纳概括出文章的标题。要防止本末倒置, 主次不分, 以点代面, 以偏概全。
针对性原则: 针对性原则是对标题外延的一种界定。即标题的外延既不能太大也不能太小, 要量体裁衣, 大小适度。
醒目性原则: 标题是文章的点睛之笔, 是文章的灵魂和门面。标题的好坏往往影响文章的可读性。读者往往从标题上决定文章的阅读取舍, 故标题往往比较醒目, 甚至比较离奇, 目的是吸引读者的注意力, 唤起读者阅读文章的兴趣。
如第35小题, 根据第一段中Because tw new studies shw that rcking als helps grwn-ups, bth human and muse, get a gd night’s sleep. 可知因为两项新的研究表明, 摇摆也有助于成年人, 包括人类和老鼠, 获得一个良好的睡眠。结合文章主要内容可知研究人员在测试中发现, 那些被摇晃过的人比那些静止不动的人在睡眠方面更好。并且, 后来的测试发现, 摇晃对动物也有促进睡眠的作用。文章还介绍了这项研究的过程。故A选项“摇摆也有助于成年人的睡眠”符合文章标题。
第二节(共5小题; 每小题2分, 满分10分)
(2021·山师大附中一模)
根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
When planning fr a new jb, many peple will g thrugh a jb interview. 36 Fear f the unknwn, fear f public rejectin and fear f persnal criticism all cme tgether in ne meeting. S hw shuld yu prepare fr a jb interview? It’s ften a cmbinatin f careful research, psychlgy and an ability t think n yur feet.
One way is t d a great deal f research, like finding the requirements f the jb, the cmpany’s prduct lines, the industry’s standard salary fr the psitin, the interviewer, etc. When ding research, dn’t frget t learn abut whether yu have unique qualificatins fr the psitin. 37 Thus, prepare yur unique aspects which will make yu stand ut amng interviewees ahead f time.
38 D yu express yur ideas clearly? D yu actively listen t thers? Hw yu perfrm in the interview will leave a deep impressin n the interviewers.
Sme jb seekers prepare fr a jb interview by cnducting their wn mck(模拟的) interviews. A trusted friend r even a prfessinal jb cach can act as an interviewer, asking many f the same questins a real interviewer might ask. In view f yur perfrmance, these peple may be able t pint ut yur truble spts.
39
There’re als numerus resurces jb seekers can use t prepare fr a jb interview. 40 Many cities als have prgrams helping first-time wrkers find jbs. They may ffer classes n hw t prepare fr a jb interview r prvide jb caches wh can cnduct mck interviews.
A. Yu shuld cnsider hw t be qualified.
B. Self-help bks may be available at public libraries.
C. Anther way is t wrk n yur utward appearance.
D. It can be ne f the mst stressful events in a persn’s life.
E. Then, yu can imprve yurself by vercming yur weaknesses.
F. Observing hw yu cmmunicate with thers is equally imprtant.
G. An interviewer’s jb is t recmmend the best qualified applicants.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了几种准备面试的方法。
36. 【解析】选D。此空设于段中, 与上文存在指代关系。该项中的It指代上文的jb interview。
37. 【解析】选 G。此空设于段中, 与上文存在因果关系。该项解释了为什么要了解自己是否具备与某个职位相关的特殊资质。
38. 【解析】选F。此空设于段首, 是本段的主题句。本段后面内容express yur ideas clearly及actively listen t thers都是对该主题句的具体阐释。
39. 【解析】选E。此空设于段尾, 与上文存在顺承关系。模拟面试中, 其他人可能会指出你的缺点, 然后, 你就能克服自己的缺点, 提升自己。
40. 【解析】选 B。此空设于段中, 与下文存在并列关系。该项与下文都属于帮助人们准备面试的资源。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节, 满分45分)
第一节(共20小题; 每小题1. 5分, 满分30分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
“When I was a kid, we were ut and abut all the time, playing with ur friends, in and ut f each ther’s huses, sandwich in pcket, making ur wn 41 . Our parents 42 saw us frm mrning t night. We didn’t have much stuff, but we came and went as we liked. ” This is rughly what yu will 43 if yu ask anyne ver 30 abut their 44 in a rich cunty.
Tday such children will spend mst f their time 45 ften with parents rather than with friends, be supervised (监管) mre clsely, be driven everywhere 46 walking r cycling, take part in many mre 47 activities, and prbably engage with a screen f sme kind. All this is dne with the best f 48 . Parents intend t prtect their ffspring frm traffic, crime and ther dangers, and t give them every pprtunity t 49 .
The children themselves seem fairly 50 with their lives. In a survey acrss the OECD, 15-year-lds were asked t 51 their satisfactin with their life n a scale frm zer t ten. The 52 scre was 7. 3, with Finnish kids the 53 , at nearly 7. 9, and Turkish nes the glmiest (灰暗的), at 6. 1.
54 , that is nt surprising. 55 parents these days, especially in America, invest a huge amunt f time and mney in their children t ensure that they will d 56 as well as the parents themselves have dne, and preferably better. Thse 57 and extra tutring, music lessns and educatinal visits, tgether with lively discussins at hme have prved effective a securing the gd 58 that will pen the drs t tp universities and well-paid jbs. But wrking-class parents in America, fr their part, 59 the means t engage in such intensive parenting. As a result, scial divisins frm ne generatin t the next are set t 60 . A recent reprt by the Wrld Bank shwed that intergeneratinal scial mbility in America is nw amng the lwest in all rich cuntries.
【文章大意】本文是议论文, 谈论的是孩子们目前所处的环境以及对孩子们所带来的影响。
41. A. plans B. schedule
C. decisinsD. entertainment
【解析】选D。根据首句句意“当我还是个孩子的时候, 整日在外面, 与朋友一起玩, 在彼此的家里跑进跑出”, 且可以看到“playing”这个词, 所以可以判断后面的名词应该是与“玩”有关的词。观察四个选项, plan 计划; schedule 计划表; decisins 结论; entertainment 娱乐。make ur wn entertainment 指自娱自乐, 自己找乐子。故选D。
42. A. ftenB. hardly
C. willinglyD. reluctantly
【解析】选B。根据前文“整日在外面玩”的语境可以得出这里指“父母很少能够从早到晚都看到我们”。观察四个选项, A项经常; B 项很少; C 项愿意地; D 项不情愿地。故选 B。
43. A. sayB. cite
C. hearD. mentin
【解析】选C。根据后文 “if yu ask”中的 “ask”(问)可以推测出前面引号里的内容应该是一个“答”, 所以应该是 “听到”。故选 C。
44. A. studyB. hbby
C. familyD. childhd
【解析】选D。根据第一段以及全文可知文章都是描述与小时候有关的事情, 所以应该是问“任何30岁以上的人的童年”。
45. A. alneB. scially
C. indrsD. utdrs
【解析】选C。根据“with parents rather than with friends, be supervised mre clsely” 可知现在的孩子通常是和父母而不是朋友在一起, 被更密切地监督, 再结合“. . . and prbably engage with a screen f sme kind”, 可知孩子们可能还会接触到某种屏幕。所以孩子们是在室内的。
46. A. instead fB. regardless f
C. due tD. next t
【解析】选A。空前出现 “be driven everywhere” 可知, 现在的孩子在父母的保护下, 去哪里都有车接送, 代替了空后“walking r cycling”自己走路或骑车。
47. A. casualB. desired
C. rganizedD. physical
【解析】选C。根据本句话中“be supervised”, 可知孩子们是被密切的监督着, 所以活动应该是组织好的。
48. A. rewardsB. intentins
C. guidanceD. discipline
【解析】选B。原词复现, 后文提到“Parents intend t. . . ”可知, 父母们想要在一个在他们看来更危险的世界里保护自己的后代免受交通事故、犯罪和其他危险, 照应此处的孩子们的一切都是在最佳意图中落实的。
49. A. riskB. fail
C. relaxD. succeed
【解析】选D。用and 连接, 表明前后句逻辑一致。前半句父母想要保护他们的子女免受交通事故、犯罪和其他危险; 后半句, 也应该是褒义的, 再结合后文父母的付出就是想让孩子们上好大学, 找到好工作, 成为人生赢家, 因此是给他们每一个成功的机会。
50. A. happyB. bred
C. familiarD. unsatisfied
【解析】选A。根据后面的调查, 要孩子们按他们对生活的满意度进行 0 到 10 分打分, 孩子们打的平均分是 7. 3, 由此可以推断出, 孩子们对于他们的生活还是很满意的。
51. A. rateB. predict
C. anticipateD. cnnect
【解析】选A。根据后面的调查, 要孩子们从 0 到 10 打分, 所以是对满意度进行评估或排名。
52. A. finalB. average
C. minimumD. maximum
【解析】选B。根据后面的 7. 9 分和 6. 1 分, 可以推断出, 这里的 7. 3 分是平均分。
53. A. lwestB. prest
C. funniestD. sunniest
【解析】选D。根据前后文理解, 该段在讲OECD(经济合作与发展组织)国家的儿童生活满意度的情况, 且平均值 7. 3, 芬兰最高 7. 9, 而土耳其最低, 只有 6. 1。参考形容最低值时用的是 glmiest 最灰暗的。
54. A. HweverB. Therefre
C. UnluckilyD. Hpefully
【解析】选A。 虽然现在的孩子不像第一段中也就是他们的父母那样自由, 但是对于生活的满意度依然与家庭经济情况成正比。结果+“然而, 这并不意外”+原因分析。
55. A. RichB. Pr
C. KindD. Strict
【解析】选A。根据后文举例用的是“especially in America”尤其是美国以及“invest a huge amunt f time and mney”投入大量的时间和金钱可以分析出是富裕的父母。
56. A. at mstB. at last
C. at firstD. at least
【解析】选D。该空分析了富裕的父母在孩子身上花费大量的时间和财力的目的(“t ensure”)。从后文的两个情况来看, 一个是“as well as”一样好; 另一个是“preferably better”最好是更好, 两者分析比较。
57. A. dullB. limited
C. endlessD. meaningless
【解析】选C。根据后文“have prved effective”, 可知这里是褒义词, 排除 dull 无趣的和meaningless 无意义的。剩下limited 有限的; endless 无止境的, 再根据前文父母投入大量的时间和金钱给孩子们更好的发展, 故这里是指数量庞大的词, 所以是endless。
58. A. fameB. grades
C. psitinsD. identity
【解析】选B。根据后文“that will pen the drs t tp universities and well-paid jbs”可知是能够打开顶尖大学的门并且获得薪酬优厚的工作, 那么就应该是好的成绩。
59. A. denyB. lack
C. pssessD. require
【解析】选B。根据本段前几句话可知富裕的父母会花费大量的时间和金钱来培养孩子们获得好成绩进入顶尖大学并获得薪酬优厚的工作, 文中的 But 表示转折, 所以工薪阶层的父母应该是缺少这样的方式来教育孩子。
60. A. appearB. shrten
C. disappearD. braden
【解析】选D。根据文中富裕的父母花大量时间和金钱培养孩子, 但是工薪阶级的父母缺乏这种方式, 所以导致的结果就是社会阶级的划分从上一代到下一代会扩大。
第二节(共10小题; 每小题1. 5分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China n Mnday released a list f recmmended candidates fr highest state hnrs, and invited public pinins abut it, accrding t a wrking cmmittee n the Party and state medals and hnrary titles.
Zhng Nanshan, a famus infectius disease expert, has been nminated fr a highly prestigius hnr fr his utstanding cntributin t 61. __________(fight)the COVID-19 epidemic in China, accrding t a ntice 62. __________(release)n Mnday by a wrking cmmittee n Party and State medals and hnrary titles. The cmmittee recmmended Zhng 63. __________(receive)the Medal f the Republic this year. Zhng is a member f the Chinese Academy f Engineering and directr f the Natinal Clinical Research Center fr Respiratry Disease.
Zhang Bli, Zhang Dingyu and Chen Wei, all f 64. __________ played an imprtant rle in the fight 65. __________ COVID-19, were shrtlisted fr 66. __________(natin)hnrary titles, it added.
Zhang Bli, an academician with the Chinese Academy f Engineering, has been devted t the study f traditinal Chinese medicine(TCM). He 67. __________(lead)the frmulatin f the TCM treatment prtcl fr COVID-19 patients and ffered guidance n TCM treatment fr COVID-19 patients.
Zhang Dingyu, head f Jinyintan Hspital, ne f the 68. __________(designate)hspitals fr COVID-19 patients in Wuhan, has been leading the treatment f COVID-19 patients in the city nce hard hit by the epidemic, the wrking cmmittee said.
Chen Wei, 69. __________ researcher with the Institute f Military Medicine under the Academy f Military Sciences, has earned majr 70. __________(achieve)in basic research and develpment f vaccines and drugs against COVID-19.
【文章大意】这是一篇新闻报道。主要讲述了党和国家功勋荣誉表彰工作委员会办公室发布关于“共和国勋章”和国家荣誉称号建议人选的公示, 就该名单征求公众意见。
61. 【解析】fighting。考查动词-ing形式。cntributin后面的t是介词, 用动词-ing形式作宾语。
62. 【解析】released。考查过去分词。release和ntice之间为动宾关系, 用过去分词作定语。
63. 【解析】t receive。考查动词不定式。recmmend sb. t d sth. 推荐某人做某事。
64. 【解析】whm。考查定语从句。all f whm引导定语从句。
65. 【解析】against。考查介词。a fight against. . . 对……的斗争, 名词fight后跟介词against表对象。
66. 【解析】natinal。考查词性转换。根据第一段可知, 这是国家荣誉称号的授予, 用形容词作定语。
67. 【解析】led。考查动词时态。根据本句中的and ffered, 可知用一般过去时。
68. 【解析】designated。考查非谓语动词。修饰名词hspitals, 用过去分词作定语, designate和hspitals为动宾关系, 表示“被指定的”。
69. 【解析】a。考查冠词。说明Chen Wei的身份, 用不定冠词a。
70. 【解析】achievements。考查词性转换。作谓语动词has earned的宾语, 用名词。根据后面的定语可知, 此处表示不止一个成就, 用名词复数。
【知识拓展】
1. 动词或动词词组后面用动名词作宾语
enjy; finish; avid; be fnd f; give up; lk frward t; get dwn t; devte. . . t. . . ; be used t(习惯); spend. . . (in)ding sth. ; bject t。
2. mean ding sth. 意味着做某事, mean t d sth. 打算做某事; regret ding sth. 后悔曾经做过某事, regret t d sth. 遗憾地去做某事; try ding sth. 尝试做某事, try t d sth. 努力去做某事; frget ding sth. 忘记曾做过某事, frget t d sth. 忘记要去做某事; remember ding sth. 记得曾经做过某事, remember t d sth. 记得要去做某事。
第四部分 写作(共两节, 满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题; 每小题1分, 满分10分)
(2021·成都模拟)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文, 请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误, 每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加: 在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧), 并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除: 把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改: 在错的词下划一横线, 并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意: 1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2. 只允许修改 10 处, 多者 (从第11处起) 不计分。
Schl life is a large part f my adlescence. I have learned hw t get n well with my fellw schlmate and teachers at schl. It’s quite usual what arguments happen between students. Fr an example, we may have different pinins when it cme t rganizing an activity.
Hwever, we have t learn t respect ther peple’s pinins and think abut it carefully. It is necessary fr us t have a discussin after we make a final decisin. Schl life had really taught me hw t cmmunicate each ther. It will certain play an imprtant rle in help me find a gd jb in the future.
【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。叙述了学校生活使作者收获了什么。
1. 【解析】第二句的schlmate→schlmates。and并列连接fellw schlmate和teachers, 且schlmate为可数名词。
2. 【解析】第三句的what→that。it为形式主语, 真正的主语为从句, 从句的句子成分完整, 所以连接词为that。
3. 【解析】第四句的fr an example去掉an。fr example例如, 固定搭配。
4. 【解析】第四句的cme→cmes。分析句子可知, 句子为一般现在时, it为主语, 所以谓语动词为第三人称单数形式。
5. 【解析】第五句的it→them。 them替代前面的pinins。
6. 【解析】第六句的after→befre。考查连词。句意: 在做出最后决定之前, 我们有必要进行讨论。根据句意用befre表示“在……之前”。
7. 【解析】第七句的had→has。分析句子可知, 句子为一般现在时, schl life为主语, 所以谓语动词为第三人称单数形式。
8. 【解析】第七句的cmmunicate后加上with。cmmunicate with sb. “与某人交流”。
9. 【解析】第八句的certain→certainly。certainly为副词修饰动词play。
10. 【解析】第八句: help→helping。句意: 它肯定会在帮助我将来找到一份好工作方面发挥重要作用。in后用动名词作宾语。
【知识拓展】当that用作连接词, 引导名词性从句时, 可引导主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句, that在从句中既不充当任何成分, 也无实际意义, 仅起着连接句子的作用。一般不可省略(宾语从句除外)。分析第二处的句子可知, it为形式主语, 真正的主语为从句, 从句的句子成分完成, 所以连接词为that。
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
学校发现最近经常有学生违反学校规定, 通过手机APP订购外卖。假定你是新华中学学生会主席李华, 请你代表学生会用英语拟一份书面通知。内容包括:
1. 重申学校规定;
2. 陈述发布规定的原因;
3. 呼吁同学们自觉遵守学校规定。
注意: 词数100左右。
参考词汇: 规定restrictin, 违反vilate
Ntice
The Student Unin
【参考范文】
Ntice
Recently, sme students have been fund t rder take-ut thrugh cell phne Apps, which bviusly vilates the schl restrictins. Here the Student Unin is restating that rdering take-ut nline during schl time is strictly prhibited in ur schl.
Rules are necessary. As we all knw, fd safety has always been a big cncern t us all. And this vilatin has undubtedly duble this cncern. Besides, prblems caused by rdering take-ut nline has created a big challenge t the schl management. S here we appeal t all the students t imprve the awareness f respecting ur schl restrictins and stp this vilatin nw!
The Student Unin
第一部分 听力(共两节, 满分30分)
第一节(共5小题; 每小题1. 5分, 满分7. 5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
Text 1
W: Thusands f yung peple participate in this wrld-class cmpetitin per year.
M: Yes, ①they represent their cuntry t cme here in the hpe f winning hnr fr their cuntry. Mst f them have received intensive training fr sme time.
1. Why d peple take part in the wrld-class match every year?
A. T receive intensive training.
B. T repay their cuntry.
C. T get glry fr their cuntry.
答案: C
Text 2
W: ②There was a merry smile n the cute little girl’s face, and she walked lightly dwn the stairs like dancing.
M: She gt a belved skirt. Which girl desn’t like new clthes?
2. What d we knw abut the little girl?
A. She was dancing. B. She was in high spirits.
C. She was buying a skirt.
答案: B
Text 3
W: We felt very hungry last night. Thus, ③we just had a takeaway at midnight.
M: What? Didn’t yu say that yu wanted t lse weight?
3. What did the wman d last night?
A. She had weight-lss pills.
B. She rdered a takeut.
C. She felt very angry.
答案: B
Text 4
W: When peple mentin Australia, they usually have images f kangars in their minds.
M: This is indeed the case. ④After all, kangars are unique t Australia. As ne f Australia’s symbls, kangars have been the lcals’ pride.
4. Why are Australians prud f kangars?
A. They live nly in Australia.
B. Their images are beautiful.
C. They are Australia’s nly symbl.
答案: A
Text 5
W: The Internet speed in the ffice was really bad. I spent a lt f time and eventually dwnladed the file.
M: ⑤Maybe we shuld lk fr a persn t see where the prblem lies.
5. What will they find a persn t d?
A. T check the ffice.
B. T dwnlad the file.
C. T handle the Internet prblem.
答案: C
第二节(共15小题; 每小题1. 5分, 满分22. 5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟; 听完后, 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料, 回答第6、7题。
Text 6
M: Hell, this is Jhn speaking.
W: ⑥Hi, Jhn. This is Linda. We will have a lunch meeting tmrrw at 12: 00 pm in the cnference rm. I just sent the menu t yur mailbx, please check it and let me knw yur chice as sn as pssible. Thanks.
M: All right! Thanks fr letting me knw, Linda, ⑦I am ut fr a meeting with clients. I will reply t yu as sn as pssible.
W: OK. Thanks.
6. What’s the relatinship between the tw persns?
A. Clleagues. B. Friends.
C. Relatives.
答案: A
7. Why is the man nt wrking in the ffice?
A. He is n vacatin. B. He asked fr a leave.
C. He went t meet clients.
答案: C
听第7段材料, 回答第8、9题。
Text 7
W: Happy birthday, Jimmy. Are yu ready fr the next present?
M: Yu mean there’re mre besides the watch?
W: Cme with us. It’s in the car. Nw, here we are. Yu’ve been talking abut this fr mnths.
M: Oh, ⑧it’s a new cmputer. ⑨It’s just what I want. I’m s happy abut it. Thank yu s much, Mum and Dad.
8. What is the secnd gift fr Jimmy?
A. A car. B. A watch. C. A cmputer.
答案: C
9. Why des Jimmy feel happy?
A. He lives with his parents.
B. He’s gt what he dreams f.
C. He’s received lts f presents.
答案: B
听第8段材料, 回答第10至12题。
Text 8
W: Excuse me, sir?
M: Can I help yu?
W: ⑩My name is Jane Smith. ⑪I’m a designer, lking fr a jb.
M: See my secretary. She will set yu up with the test.
W: When?
M: Next mnth.
W: I can’t wait that lng.
M: Excuse me?
W: I can’t wait a mnth. I need smething sner.
M: ⑫I’m srry.
10. What is the relatinship between the speakers?
A. They are friends.
B. They are strangers t each ther.
C. They are husband and wife.
答案: B
11. Why des the wman cme t talk with the man?
A. T get a jb. B. T take a test.
C. T see the secretary.
答案: A
12. What des the man mean by saying srry?
A. He can’t hear the wman clearly.
B. He desn’t need a designer.
C. He can’t help the wman.
答案: C
听第9段材料, 回答第13至16题。
Text 9
W: Gd mrning. May I help yu?
M: Yes. I want a hat.
W: Let me shw yu these hats.
M: Excuse me. ⑬I’m a reprter. I want t ask sme questins.
W: A reprter!
M: ⑭I’m writing a stry abut Western clthing.
W: That’s right. D yu wear Western clthing?
M: Smetimes. ⑮It’s gd casual clthing. I want a Western hat.
W: D yu like this ne?
M: I have a large head.
W: This is a large hat.
M: Let me try it.
W: D yu like it?
M: N, I dn’t. ⑯My face is very rund. I dn’t like the hat.
W: Try this ne.
M: My head lks very big.
W: Yu lk tall.
13. What des the man d?
A. He is a reprter. B. He is a wrker.
C. He is a teacher.
答案: A
14. Why did he ask the questins?
A. T save mney. B. T write a stry.
C. T buy a hat.
答案: B
15. What’s his pinin abut Western clthing?
A. Very attractive. B. Quite frmal.
C. Very casual.
答案: C
16. Why didn’t he like the first hat?
A. His face is very rund.
B. He lks shrt.
C. His head lks very big.
答案: A
听第10段材料, 回答第17至20题。
Text 10
M: Gd afternn, everybdy and welcme t this class n English wrds. I hpe that all f yu can hear me. If nt, please let me knw. I am Prf. Jhn Mrris. ⑱
I’ll be yur teacher fr the next 13 weeks. As yu can prbably tell, this is ne f the ppular and crwded classes. Indeed, every time these curses are ffered, this rm is very full. Why is that? Well, ⑰in rder t use the English language, it’s very imprtant t have at least a basic understanding f hw wrds are frmed. Just t mentin ne figure, and there are many. There are abut ne millin wrds in English. If yu are an English learner, yu might wnder hw yu can pssibly remember all f these wrds. Well, fr ne thing yu dn’t have t. N native speaker exists wh knws all f the wrds in the English language. Besides, there are shrtcuts. Shrtcuts? Yes, fr example, ⑲if yu knw hw wrds are frmed by using parts f wrds frm ther languages, such as Greek and French, yu’ll understand a gd number f English wrds when yu first cme acrss them. Let me put it this way. ⑳Knwing the rules will help yu t master a large number f wrds. This is prbably the N. 1 reasn why this class is s ppular.
17. Where can yu mst prbably hear this talk?
A. In a class f the English language.
B. In a class f the Greek language.
C. In a class f the French language.
答案: A
18. Hw lng des the class last?
A. 11 weeks. B. 13 weeks. C. 15 weeks.
答案: B
19. What is “the shrtcut” t learning wrds accrding t the speaker?
A. Taking mre curses.
B. Reading basic wrds alud.
C. Learning hw wrds are frmed.
答案: C
20. Why is the class ppular?
A. It is nt ffered each term.
B. It’s taught by Prfessr Mrris.
C. It helps t master sme useful rules.
答案: C
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节, 满分40分)
第一节(共15小题; 每小题2分, 满分30分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。
A
(2021·德州模拟)
Cruise(巡航)lines wrldwide suspended sailings March 13 because f the spread f the crnavirus pandemic. Nw cmpanies such as Carnival and Disney are pushing ut their return dates and canceling mre trips meaning passengers can receive full refunds fr the price f their trips.
Thse wh want t take their chances and pstpne—even thugh there’s n firm date when this pandemic will end—can chse t receive a credit fr a future cruise. Just remember: If yu chse a credit, yu have given up yur refund. Cruise cmpanies want yu t stick with them, and are ffering extra perks(津贴) and credits t keep yu n bard.
Carnival Cruises
On Wednesday, Carnival Cruises annunced it wuld suspend Alaska sailings thrugh June 30 and scrap all San Francisc cruises fr the rest f the year. Typical five-day cruises alng the Califrnia cast called at Catalina Island and Ensenada, Mexic, befre returning t the Bay Area.
The cmpany als canceled cruises abard Carnival Radiance (an upgrade f the Carnival Victry) thrugh Nv. 1, and Carnival Legend, thrugh Oct. 30. Carnival Legend typically sails frm Seattle t Alaska in summer mnths.
Passengers whse trips have been canceled may pt fr a refund r a future cruise credit.
Disney Cruise Line
Disney Cruise Line n Mnday extended its suspensin fr sailings departing in April. Passengers wh had tickets n any f its fur ships thrugh April 28 may receive a refund r a cruise credit fr a trip within 15 mnths f their riginal departure date, accrding t the cmpany’s website.
Disney als warned passengers abut sailings abard the Disney Wnder that are scheduled t resume April 29. The itinerary(行程) calls fr a stp in Vancuver, Canada, but Canada has clsed its prts at least thrugh July 1.
【文章大意】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了许多邮轮因新冠肺炎疫情被取消后, 乘客如何获得退款或信用额度。
21. What can the passengers select if they want t cruise later?
A. Refunds. B. Credits.
C. Perks. D. Chances.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第二段中Thse wh want t take. . . a credit fr a future cruise. 可知那些想以后进行游轮之旅的人可以选择获得积分。
22. What d we knw abut Carnival Cruises?
A. Carnival Legend typically sails frm Seattle t Alaska in winter mnths.
B. Passengers whse trips have been canceled nly chse a future cruise credit.
C. Carnival Radiance is canceled thrugh Oct. 30.
D. San Francisc cruises will be canceled fr the rest f the year.
【解析】选 D。细节理解题。根据第三段第一句On Wednesday, Carnival Cruises annunced it . . . and scrap all San Francisc cruises fr the rest f the year. 可知, 嘉年华邮轮公司宣布, 将在6月30日前暂停阿拉斯加航线, 并在今年剩余时间内取消所有旧金山邮轮。由此可知, 今年剩余时间的旧金山游轮将被取消。
23. What may happen if yu had tickets n any f the ships f Disney Cruise Line?
A. Yu will receive refunds befre April 28.
B. Yur trip will be delayed till June.
C. Yu will receive a cruise credit fr a trip.
D. Yu will receive refunds n April 29.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中Passengers wh had tickets n any f its fur ships thrugh . . . f their riginal departure date, accrding t the cmpany’s website. 可知根据该公司网站显示, 在4月28日之前持有该公司四艘船中的任何一艘船票的乘客, 可以在原出发日期的15个月内获得退款或邮轮积分。由此可知, 如果你有迪士尼游轮的船票, 你将会得到邮轮积分。
B
“The mment befre they called my name, I was really nervus because the ther finalists’ presentatins are really gd and I thught they wuld win, ” Kara Fan, 14, wh has wn America’s Tp Yung Scientist, tld Yah Finance. “ When they annunced my name, I was really surprised actually. ”
T win that claim, Fan’s nan-particle liquid bandage had t surpass the experiments f hundreds f fifth t eighth graders as well as nine ther finalists. Fan started develping her liquid bandage in April 2019 t fight the veruse f antibitics(抗生素).
Accrding t the CDC, rughly 2 millin peple every year suffer a bacterial infectin in the U. S. and abut 23, 000 passed away as a result. If left alne, a UN study reprted, drug-resistant diseases r the “superbug” culd lead t 10 millin deaths acrss the glbe by 2050. When Fan’s sprayable bandage dries n a persn’s skin, it creates a thin layer that prtects the wunded area while breaking the cell wall and killing the bacteria n the skin. After experimenting with cpper nitrate(硝酸铜) t fight bacteria, switching t the silver nitrate ended up being the majr catalyst (催化剂) t seeing results fr her award-winning prject.
“Thusands f years ag, ancient peple wuld use cpper and silver t eat with and they wuld drink water frm like cpper bwls t kill bacteria, ” Fan explained. “ I fund ut that it didn’t wrk. S I used nan silver. ”
Sir Alexander Fleming’s discvery f penicillin—a type f antibitic—is Fan’s favrite scientific discvery. That said she desn’t think humans shuld rely t heavily n penicillin.
Fllwing her years at Westview High Schl, Fan hpes t cntinue her bilgy track at Stanfrd University. Alng with the $ 25, 000 cash prize she wn n Octber 29, becming America’s Tp Yung Scientist may help get the private university’s attentin.
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文, 讲述了获得美国最佳青年科学家奖的卡拉·范发明液体绷带的故事。
24. Hw did Kara Fan feel abut her winning the prize?
A. Cnfident. B. Regretful.
C. Prud. D. Unexpected.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第一段中的“When they annunced my name, I was really surprised actually. ”卡拉·范说: “当他们宣布我的名字时, 我真的很惊讶”, 由此可知, 卡拉·范对自己的获奖感到很意外。
25. Fr what purpse did Fan develp her liquid bandage?
A. T fight veruse f antibitics.
B. T enter a natinal cntest.
C. T reduce deaths frm injuries.
D. T get int a gd university.
【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Fan started develping her liquid bandage in April 2019 t fight the veruse f antibitics”可知, 卡拉·范于2019年4月开始发明液体绷带, 以对抗抗生素的过度使用, 故A项正确。
26. Which f the fllwing des Fan use t kill bacteria?
A. Cpper nitrate. B. Cpper.
C. Silver. D. Nan silver.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“Thusands f years ag, ancient peple wuld use cpper and silver t eat with and they wuld drink water frm like cpper bwls t kill bacteria, ” Fan explained. “ I fund ut that it didn’t wrk. S I used nan silver. ”可知, 范解释说: “几千年前, 古代人会用铜碗和银碗吃饭, 他们会喝铜碗里的水来杀灭细菌。但我发现这不起作用, 所以我用了纳米银(来杀菌)。”
27. What might be Fan’s pinin abut penicillin?
A. Addictive. B. Valuable.
C. Useless. D. Irreplaceable.
【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“Sir Alexander Fleming’s discvery f penicillin—a type f antibitic—is Fan’s favrite scientific discvery. ”可知, 亚历山大弗莱明发现的青霉素是范最喜欢的科学发现, 由此可知, 范认为青霉素是有价值的。
C
(2021·临沂模拟)
It is with mixed emtins that I went t the yung criminal center every few mnths t give vaccinatins (接种疫苗). On the ne hand, I feel lucky t be able t prvide a service that may have a psitive health effect n the residents. But, n the ther hand, I feel a sense f sadness and disappintment as I see the prisners being escrted (押送) by guards t the nursing unit.
My last visit was very memrable. Fr sme reasn, there was a lightness in the air. Mre than ever befre, I felt a lightness as I spke with each persn. We shared stries and smiles and fears. Even the tughest prisners seemed t be surrunded by light. As a mther, I saw them as nt nly yuth, being punished fr crimes, but als as children wh have the ptential t change fr the better. Mst f them wanted t talk lnger! They were reaching ut t us! It felt right.
There was ne mre prisner. He was limited t a different unit in a lnely cell. We were asked if we were kay ging dwn there. We said that we were. Tw guards escrted us dwn and when we entered the area, instant tears welled up in my eyes. The area was sad. These guards didn’t smile. We entered the cell and had t make d with what was there.
We were dne but I didn’t want t leave. I gave the 17-year-ld a gentle tuch and smile as I explained what t d regarding the side effects. At first, there was n respnse, s I just lked dwn at his bare feet and then t my supplies. I thught that I had better pack up. Suddenly, he lked up at me and smiled befre he said “Thanks” and then he gave me a thumbs-up. I smiled back and said, “Yu’re welcme. Take care f yurself. ”
It was wnderful t receive a kind respnse frm smene wh was in such a harsh place. As we walked back t the main entrance, we didn’t speak. Where there can be a smile, there is hpe. Smetimes smiles can be very pwerful.
【文章大意】本篇是一篇记叙文, 讲述了作者到青年犯罪中心为这些年轻的罪犯打疫苗的经历。
28. What can we knw abut the yung in the yung criminal center?
A. They received regular medical service.
B. They were treated unfairly.
C. They stayed in bad cnditins.
D. They were frced t take treatment.
【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第一段中的“It is with mixed emtins that I went t the yung criminal center every few mnths t give vaccinatins. ”可知, 作者每隔几个月就会去给这些年轻的罪犯接种疫苗, 这说明这些年轻人接受了定期的医疗服务。
29. What was special abut the center the last time the authr went there?
A. She was asked t share stries.
B. Every prisner was kind t her.
C. The yung peple talked freely.
D. She sensed a relaxing atmsphere.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Fr sme reasn, there was a lightness in the air. ”可知, 作者最后一次去犯罪中心, 她感受到了一种轻松的氛围。
30. What did the yung man think f the authr?
A. He disliked her fr her sympathy.
B. He really appreciated her kindness.
C. He thught she wuld change his life.
D. He thught she was just an rdinary dctr.
【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第四段中的“. . . smiled befre he said “Thanks” and then he gave me a thumbs-up. ”可知, 他微笑着向作者道谢并对作者竖起了大拇指, 由此可知, 这位年轻人对作者的善意很感激。
31. What impressed the authr mst in this stry?
A. The yung man’s smile.
B. The medical care fr prisners.
C. The punishment t the prisners.
D. The difference between the yung man and thers.
【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“Smetimes smiles can be very pwerful. ”可知, 作者对这位年轻人的微笑印象最为深刻。
【知识拓展】涉及观点态度的推理判断题难度较大, 文章一般不会直接表明人物的态度, 需要我们根据人物的语言、表情或动作来揣摩其态度, 例如本篇第30题, 根据第四段中的“. . . smiled befre he said “Thanks” and then he gave me a thumbs-up. ”可知, 他微笑着感谢作者并向作者竖起了大拇指, 由此可知, 这位年轻人对作者的善意很感激。
D
(2021·临沂模拟)
Every new parent knws that rcking can calm that uneasy baby when it’s time t take a nap. But the benefits f gentle mvement may g beynd the baby stage. Because tw new studies shw that rcking als helps grwn-ups, bth human and muse, get a gd night’s sleep.
What shuld be n surprise is that mvement can calm smene. Think f hw many times yu’ve fallen asleep n a train. But can mtin really cause a nap, and make fr a deeper sleep?
T find ut, researchers invited 18 healthy vlunteers fr a sleepver. “S they came t the lab and slept ne time n the mtinless, nrmal bed. And ne night where they gt rcked. ” said Aurre Perrault, a sleep researcher at the University f Geneva in Switzerland. “And what we find is that when cmpared t a mtinless night, a whle night f rcking sleep has a beneficial effect nt nly n sleep beginning but als n sleep cntinuity. ” Subjects wh were rcked als did better n a memry test the next mrning than the stiller sleepers.
In the secnd study, Kmptis, a student at the University f Lausanne, rcked a rack f mice. Whether rcking affects sleep in ther species was never befre discussed. S the main questins fr ur study were whether rcking affects sleep in mice and what is the pssible system?
Kmptis placed the muse cages n a platfrm that mved frm side t side. Thugh mice were rcked fur times faster than their human cunterparts—a frequency f ne back-and-frth per secnd, r 1 Hertz, wrked best—the results were strikingly similar. During rcking at 1 Hertz, time spent asleep increased, and mice fell asleep twice as fast as at still cnditin. Hwever, additinal studies culd allw the researchers t identify a new aim fr treating sleep disrders, including insmnia(失眠).
Until then, yu might think abut adding a little swing t yur nighttime rutine.
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。研究人员在测试中发现, 那些被摇晃过的人比那些静止不动的人在睡眠方面更好。并且, 后来的测试发现, 摇晃对动物也有促进睡眠的作用。文章还介绍了这项研究的过程。
32. What’s the purpse f the secnd study in the passage?
A. T d research n the sleep system f ther species.
B. T discuss in which case rcking affects baby’s sleep.
C. T see whether rcking affects sleep f ther species.
D. T study the influence f rcking n sleep disrders.
【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第四段中In the secnd study, Kmptis, a student at the University f Lausanne, rcked a rack f mice. Whether rcking affects sleep in ther species was never befre discussed. 可知在第二项研究中, 洛桑大学的学生Kmptis摇晃了一组老鼠。以前从未有人讨论过摇晃是否会影响其他物种的睡眠。由此可推知, 第二项研究的目的是观察摇摆是否影响其他物种的睡眠。
33. What d we knw abut the mice in Paragraph 5?
A. Their sleeping time increased when rcked at 1 Hertz.
B. Their sleep disrder including insmnia was treated.
C. When rcked, they fell asleep twice faster than at still cnditin.
D. When rcked, they wrked faster than their human cunterparts.
【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第五段中During rcking at 1 Hertz, time spent asleep increased, and mice fell asleep twice as fast as at still cnditin. 可知在1赫兹的摇晃中, 老鼠的睡眠时间增加了, 老鼠入睡的速度是静止状态的两倍。由此可知, 当震动频率为1赫兹时, 老鼠的睡眠时间增加。
34. Hw did the researchers carry ut the experiment?
A. By cnducting a survey.
B. By asking questins.
C. By filling ut questinnaires.
D. By making cmparisns.
【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中Thugh mice were rcked fur times faster than their human cunterparts—a frequency f ne back-and-frth per secnd, r 1 Hertz, wrked best—the results were strikingly similar. 可知尽管老鼠摇摆的速度是人类的四倍——频率为每秒1次, 或1赫兹, 效果最好——但结果却惊人地相似。由此可推知, 研究人员是通过比较进行实验的。
35. What’s the best title f the passage?
A. Rcking Helps Grwn-ups Sleep T.
B. Deep Sleep Needs the Cnstant Swing.
C. Rcking Greatly Affects Deep Sleep.
D. Rcking Can Treat Sleep Disrders.
【解析】选A。主旨大意题。根据第一段中Because tw new studies shw that rcking als helps grwn-ups, bth human and muse, get a gd night’s sleep. 结合文章主要内容可知研究人员在测试中发现, 那些被摇晃过的人比那些静止不动的人在睡眠方面更好。并且, 后来的测试发现, 摇晃对动物也有促进睡眠的作用。文章还介绍了这项研究的过程。
【知识拓展】标题归纳题属于深层理解题, 它要求考生在通读全文的基础上, 认真分析主人公的特定心态、文章大意及作者的写作意图。在此基础上, 还应做到概括性、针对性、醒目性的有机结合。
概括性原则: 要求标题应在最大程度上覆盖全文, 囊括文章的主要内容, 体现文章的主题要旨。从全局的角度归纳概括出文章的标题。要防止本末倒置, 主次不分, 以点代面, 以偏概全。
针对性原则: 针对性原则是对标题外延的一种界定。即标题的外延既不能太大也不能太小, 要量体裁衣, 大小适度。
醒目性原则: 标题是文章的点睛之笔, 是文章的灵魂和门面。标题的好坏往往影响文章的可读性。读者往往从标题上决定文章的阅读取舍, 故标题往往比较醒目, 甚至比较离奇, 目的是吸引读者的注意力, 唤起读者阅读文章的兴趣。
如第35小题, 根据第一段中Because tw new studies shw that rcking als helps grwn-ups, bth human and muse, get a gd night’s sleep. 可知因为两项新的研究表明, 摇摆也有助于成年人, 包括人类和老鼠, 获得一个良好的睡眠。结合文章主要内容可知研究人员在测试中发现, 那些被摇晃过的人比那些静止不动的人在睡眠方面更好。并且, 后来的测试发现, 摇晃对动物也有促进睡眠的作用。文章还介绍了这项研究的过程。故A选项“摇摆也有助于成年人的睡眠”符合文章标题。
第二节(共5小题; 每小题2分, 满分10分)
(2021·山师大附中一模)
根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
When planning fr a new jb, many peple will g thrugh a jb interview. 36 Fear f the unknwn, fear f public rejectin and fear f persnal criticism all cme tgether in ne meeting. S hw shuld yu prepare fr a jb interview? It’s ften a cmbinatin f careful research, psychlgy and an ability t think n yur feet.
One way is t d a great deal f research, like finding the requirements f the jb, the cmpany’s prduct lines, the industry’s standard salary fr the psitin, the interviewer, etc. When ding research, dn’t frget t learn abut whether yu have unique qualificatins fr the psitin. 37 Thus, prepare yur unique aspects which will make yu stand ut amng interviewees ahead f time.
38 D yu express yur ideas clearly? D yu actively listen t thers? Hw yu perfrm in the interview will leave a deep impressin n the interviewers.
Sme jb seekers prepare fr a jb interview by cnducting their wn mck(模拟的) interviews. A trusted friend r even a prfessinal jb cach can act as an interviewer, asking many f the same questins a real interviewer might ask. In view f yur perfrmance, these peple may be able t pint ut yur truble spts.
39
There’re als numerus resurces jb seekers can use t prepare fr a jb interview. 40 Many cities als have prgrams helping first-time wrkers find jbs. They may ffer classes n hw t prepare fr a jb interview r prvide jb caches wh can cnduct mck interviews.
A. Yu shuld cnsider hw t be qualified.
B. Self-help bks may be available at public libraries.
C. Anther way is t wrk n yur utward appearance.
D. It can be ne f the mst stressful events in a persn’s life.
E. Then, yu can imprve yurself by vercming yur weaknesses.
F. Observing hw yu cmmunicate with thers is equally imprtant.
G. An interviewer’s jb is t recmmend the best qualified applicants.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了几种准备面试的方法。
36. 【解析】选D。此空设于段中, 与上文存在指代关系。该项中的It指代上文的jb interview。
37. 【解析】选 G。此空设于段中, 与上文存在因果关系。该项解释了为什么要了解自己是否具备与某个职位相关的特殊资质。
38. 【解析】选F。此空设于段首, 是本段的主题句。本段后面内容express yur ideas clearly及actively listen t thers都是对该主题句的具体阐释。
39. 【解析】选E。此空设于段尾, 与上文存在顺承关系。模拟面试中, 其他人可能会指出你的缺点, 然后, 你就能克服自己的缺点, 提升自己。
40. 【解析】选 B。此空设于段中, 与下文存在并列关系。该项与下文都属于帮助人们准备面试的资源。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节, 满分45分)
第一节(共20小题; 每小题1. 5分, 满分30分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
“When I was a kid, we were ut and abut all the time, playing with ur friends, in and ut f each ther’s huses, sandwich in pcket, making ur wn 41 . Our parents 42 saw us frm mrning t night. We didn’t have much stuff, but we came and went as we liked. ” This is rughly what yu will 43 if yu ask anyne ver 30 abut their 44 in a rich cunty.
Tday such children will spend mst f their time 45 ften with parents rather than with friends, be supervised (监管) mre clsely, be driven everywhere 46 walking r cycling, take part in many mre 47 activities, and prbably engage with a screen f sme kind. All this is dne with the best f 48 . Parents intend t prtect their ffspring frm traffic, crime and ther dangers, and t give them every pprtunity t 49 .
The children themselves seem fairly 50 with their lives. In a survey acrss the OECD, 15-year-lds were asked t 51 their satisfactin with their life n a scale frm zer t ten. The 52 scre was 7. 3, with Finnish kids the 53 , at nearly 7. 9, and Turkish nes the glmiest (灰暗的), at 6. 1.
54 , that is nt surprising. 55 parents these days, especially in America, invest a huge amunt f time and mney in their children t ensure that they will d 56 as well as the parents themselves have dne, and preferably better. Thse 57 and extra tutring, music lessns and educatinal visits, tgether with lively discussins at hme have prved effective a securing the gd 58 that will pen the drs t tp universities and well-paid jbs. But wrking-class parents in America, fr their part, 59 the means t engage in such intensive parenting. As a result, scial divisins frm ne generatin t the next are set t 60 . A recent reprt by the Wrld Bank shwed that intergeneratinal scial mbility in America is nw amng the lwest in all rich cuntries.
【文章大意】本文是议论文, 谈论的是孩子们目前所处的环境以及对孩子们所带来的影响。
41. A. plans B. schedule
C. decisinsD. entertainment
【解析】选D。根据首句句意“当我还是个孩子的时候, 整日在外面, 与朋友一起玩, 在彼此的家里跑进跑出”, 且可以看到“playing”这个词, 所以可以判断后面的名词应该是与“玩”有关的词。观察四个选项, plan 计划; schedule 计划表; decisins 结论; entertainment 娱乐。make ur wn entertainment 指自娱自乐, 自己找乐子。故选D。
42. A. ftenB. hardly
C. willinglyD. reluctantly
【解析】选B。根据前文“整日在外面玩”的语境可以得出这里指“父母很少能够从早到晚都看到我们”。观察四个选项, A项经常; B 项很少; C 项愿意地; D 项不情愿地。故选 B。
43. A. sayB. cite
C. hearD. mentin
【解析】选C。根据后文 “if yu ask”中的 “ask”(问)可以推测出前面引号里的内容应该是一个“答”, 所以应该是 “听到”。故选 C。
44. A. studyB. hbby
C. familyD. childhd
【解析】选D。根据第一段以及全文可知文章都是描述与小时候有关的事情, 所以应该是问“任何30岁以上的人的童年”。
45. A. alneB. scially
C. indrsD. utdrs
【解析】选C。根据“with parents rather than with friends, be supervised mre clsely” 可知现在的孩子通常是和父母而不是朋友在一起, 被更密切地监督, 再结合“. . . and prbably engage with a screen f sme kind”, 可知孩子们可能还会接触到某种屏幕。所以孩子们是在室内的。
46. A. instead fB. regardless f
C. due tD. next t
【解析】选A。空前出现 “be driven everywhere” 可知, 现在的孩子在父母的保护下, 去哪里都有车接送, 代替了空后“walking r cycling”自己走路或骑车。
47. A. casualB. desired
C. rganizedD. physical
【解析】选C。根据本句话中“be supervised”, 可知孩子们是被密切的监督着, 所以活动应该是组织好的。
48. A. rewardsB. intentins
C. guidanceD. discipline
【解析】选B。原词复现, 后文提到“Parents intend t. . . ”可知, 父母们想要在一个在他们看来更危险的世界里保护自己的后代免受交通事故、犯罪和其他危险, 照应此处的孩子们的一切都是在最佳意图中落实的。
49. A. riskB. fail
C. relaxD. succeed
【解析】选D。用and 连接, 表明前后句逻辑一致。前半句父母想要保护他们的子女免受交通事故、犯罪和其他危险; 后半句, 也应该是褒义的, 再结合后文父母的付出就是想让孩子们上好大学, 找到好工作, 成为人生赢家, 因此是给他们每一个成功的机会。
50. A. happyB. bred
C. familiarD. unsatisfied
【解析】选A。根据后面的调查, 要孩子们按他们对生活的满意度进行 0 到 10 分打分, 孩子们打的平均分是 7. 3, 由此可以推断出, 孩子们对于他们的生活还是很满意的。
51. A. rateB. predict
C. anticipateD. cnnect
【解析】选A。根据后面的调查, 要孩子们从 0 到 10 打分, 所以是对满意度进行评估或排名。
52. A. finalB. average
C. minimumD. maximum
【解析】选B。根据后面的 7. 9 分和 6. 1 分, 可以推断出, 这里的 7. 3 分是平均分。
53. A. lwestB. prest
C. funniestD. sunniest
【解析】选D。根据前后文理解, 该段在讲OECD(经济合作与发展组织)国家的儿童生活满意度的情况, 且平均值 7. 3, 芬兰最高 7. 9, 而土耳其最低, 只有 6. 1。参考形容最低值时用的是 glmiest 最灰暗的。
54. A. HweverB. Therefre
C. UnluckilyD. Hpefully
【解析】选A。 虽然现在的孩子不像第一段中也就是他们的父母那样自由, 但是对于生活的满意度依然与家庭经济情况成正比。结果+“然而, 这并不意外”+原因分析。
55. A. RichB. Pr
C. KindD. Strict
【解析】选A。根据后文举例用的是“especially in America”尤其是美国以及“invest a huge amunt f time and mney”投入大量的时间和金钱可以分析出是富裕的父母。
56. A. at mstB. at last
C. at firstD. at least
【解析】选D。该空分析了富裕的父母在孩子身上花费大量的时间和财力的目的(“t ensure”)。从后文的两个情况来看, 一个是“as well as”一样好; 另一个是“preferably better”最好是更好, 两者分析比较。
57. A. dullB. limited
C. endlessD. meaningless
【解析】选C。根据后文“have prved effective”, 可知这里是褒义词, 排除 dull 无趣的和meaningless 无意义的。剩下limited 有限的; endless 无止境的, 再根据前文父母投入大量的时间和金钱给孩子们更好的发展, 故这里是指数量庞大的词, 所以是endless。
58. A. fameB. grades
C. psitinsD. identity
【解析】选B。根据后文“that will pen the drs t tp universities and well-paid jbs”可知是能够打开顶尖大学的门并且获得薪酬优厚的工作, 那么就应该是好的成绩。
59. A. denyB. lack
C. pssessD. require
【解析】选B。根据本段前几句话可知富裕的父母会花费大量的时间和金钱来培养孩子们获得好成绩进入顶尖大学并获得薪酬优厚的工作, 文中的 But 表示转折, 所以工薪阶层的父母应该是缺少这样的方式来教育孩子。
60. A. appearB. shrten
C. disappearD. braden
【解析】选D。根据文中富裕的父母花大量时间和金钱培养孩子, 但是工薪阶级的父母缺乏这种方式, 所以导致的结果就是社会阶级的划分从上一代到下一代会扩大。
第二节(共10小题; 每小题1. 5分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China n Mnday released a list f recmmended candidates fr highest state hnrs, and invited public pinins abut it, accrding t a wrking cmmittee n the Party and state medals and hnrary titles.
Zhng Nanshan, a famus infectius disease expert, has been nminated fr a highly prestigius hnr fr his utstanding cntributin t 61. __________(fight)the COVID-19 epidemic in China, accrding t a ntice 62. __________(release)n Mnday by a wrking cmmittee n Party and State medals and hnrary titles. The cmmittee recmmended Zhng 63. __________(receive)the Medal f the Republic this year. Zhng is a member f the Chinese Academy f Engineering and directr f the Natinal Clinical Research Center fr Respiratry Disease.
Zhang Bli, Zhang Dingyu and Chen Wei, all f 64. __________ played an imprtant rle in the fight 65. __________ COVID-19, were shrtlisted fr 66. __________(natin)hnrary titles, it added.
Zhang Bli, an academician with the Chinese Academy f Engineering, has been devted t the study f traditinal Chinese medicine(TCM). He 67. __________(lead)the frmulatin f the TCM treatment prtcl fr COVID-19 patients and ffered guidance n TCM treatment fr COVID-19 patients.
Zhang Dingyu, head f Jinyintan Hspital, ne f the 68. __________(designate)hspitals fr COVID-19 patients in Wuhan, has been leading the treatment f COVID-19 patients in the city nce hard hit by the epidemic, the wrking cmmittee said.
Chen Wei, 69. __________ researcher with the Institute f Military Medicine under the Academy f Military Sciences, has earned majr 70. __________(achieve)in basic research and develpment f vaccines and drugs against COVID-19.
【文章大意】这是一篇新闻报道。主要讲述了党和国家功勋荣誉表彰工作委员会办公室发布关于“共和国勋章”和国家荣誉称号建议人选的公示, 就该名单征求公众意见。
61. 【解析】fighting。考查动词-ing形式。cntributin后面的t是介词, 用动词-ing形式作宾语。
62. 【解析】released。考查过去分词。release和ntice之间为动宾关系, 用过去分词作定语。
63. 【解析】t receive。考查动词不定式。recmmend sb. t d sth. 推荐某人做某事。
64. 【解析】whm。考查定语从句。all f whm引导定语从句。
65. 【解析】against。考查介词。a fight against. . . 对……的斗争, 名词fight后跟介词against表对象。
66. 【解析】natinal。考查词性转换。根据第一段可知, 这是国家荣誉称号的授予, 用形容词作定语。
67. 【解析】led。考查动词时态。根据本句中的and ffered, 可知用一般过去时。
68. 【解析】designated。考查非谓语动词。修饰名词hspitals, 用过去分词作定语, designate和hspitals为动宾关系, 表示“被指定的”。
69. 【解析】a。考查冠词。说明Chen Wei的身份, 用不定冠词a。
70. 【解析】achievements。考查词性转换。作谓语动词has earned的宾语, 用名词。根据后面的定语可知, 此处表示不止一个成就, 用名词复数。
【知识拓展】
1. 动词或动词词组后面用动名词作宾语
enjy; finish; avid; be fnd f; give up; lk frward t; get dwn t; devte. . . t. . . ; be used t(习惯); spend. . . (in)ding sth. ; bject t。
2. mean ding sth. 意味着做某事, mean t d sth. 打算做某事; regret ding sth. 后悔曾经做过某事, regret t d sth. 遗憾地去做某事; try ding sth. 尝试做某事, try t d sth. 努力去做某事; frget ding sth. 忘记曾做过某事, frget t d sth. 忘记要去做某事; remember ding sth. 记得曾经做过某事, remember t d sth. 记得要去做某事。
第四部分 写作(共两节, 满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题; 每小题1分, 满分10分)
(2021·成都模拟)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文, 请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误, 每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加: 在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧), 并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除: 把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改: 在错的词下划一横线, 并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意: 1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2. 只允许修改 10 处, 多者 (从第11处起) 不计分。
Schl life is a large part f my adlescence. I have learned hw t get n well with my fellw schlmate and teachers at schl. It’s quite usual what arguments happen between students. Fr an example, we may have different pinins when it cme t rganizing an activity.
Hwever, we have t learn t respect ther peple’s pinins and think abut it carefully. It is necessary fr us t have a discussin after we make a final decisin. Schl life had really taught me hw t cmmunicate each ther. It will certain play an imprtant rle in help me find a gd jb in the future.
【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。叙述了学校生活使作者收获了什么。
1. 【解析】第二句的schlmate→schlmates。and并列连接fellw schlmate和teachers, 且schlmate为可数名词。
2. 【解析】第三句的what→that。it为形式主语, 真正的主语为从句, 从句的句子成分完整, 所以连接词为that。
3. 【解析】第四句的fr an example去掉an。fr example例如, 固定搭配。
4. 【解析】第四句的cme→cmes。分析句子可知, 句子为一般现在时, it为主语, 所以谓语动词为第三人称单数形式。
5. 【解析】第五句的it→them。 them替代前面的pinins。
6. 【解析】第六句的after→befre。考查连词。句意: 在做出最后决定之前, 我们有必要进行讨论。根据句意用befre表示“在……之前”。
7. 【解析】第七句的had→has。分析句子可知, 句子为一般现在时, schl life为主语, 所以谓语动词为第三人称单数形式。
8. 【解析】第七句的cmmunicate后加上with。cmmunicate with sb. “与某人交流”。
9. 【解析】第八句的certain→certainly。certainly为副词修饰动词play。
10. 【解析】第八句: help→helping。句意: 它肯定会在帮助我将来找到一份好工作方面发挥重要作用。in后用动名词作宾语。
【知识拓展】当that用作连接词, 引导名词性从句时, 可引导主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句, that在从句中既不充当任何成分, 也无实际意义, 仅起着连接句子的作用。一般不可省略(宾语从句除外)。分析第二处的句子可知, it为形式主语, 真正的主语为从句, 从句的句子成分完成, 所以连接词为that。
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
学校发现最近经常有学生违反学校规定, 通过手机APP订购外卖。假定你是新华中学学生会主席李华, 请你代表学生会用英语拟一份书面通知。内容包括:
1. 重申学校规定;
2. 陈述发布规定的原因;
3. 呼吁同学们自觉遵守学校规定。
注意: 词数100左右。
参考词汇: 规定restrictin, 违反vilate
Ntice
The Student Unin
【参考范文】
Ntice
Recently, sme students have been fund t rder take-ut thrugh cell phne Apps, which bviusly vilates the schl restrictins. Here the Student Unin is restating that rdering take-ut nline during schl time is strictly prhibited in ur schl.
Rules are necessary. As we all knw, fd safety has always been a big cncern t us all. And this vilatin has undubtedly duble this cncern. Besides, prblems caused by rdering take-ut nline has created a big challenge t the schl management. S here we appeal t all the students t imprve the awareness f respecting ur schl restrictins and stp this vilatin nw!
The Student Unin
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