高考英语一轮复习必修3Unit3TheMillionPoundBankNote单元提能训练含解析新人教版

第一部分　必修3　Unit 3

Ⅰ．阅读理解

A

(2020年7月浙江卷)

The traffic signals along Factoria Boulevard in Bellevue，Washington，generally don’t flash the same length of green twice in a row，especially at rush hour. At 9：30 a．m. ，the full red/yellow/green signal cycle might be 140 seconds. By 9：33 a．m. ，a burst of additional traffic might push it to 145 seconds. Less traffic at 9：37 a．m. could push it down to 135．Just like the traffic itself，the timing of the signals changes.

That is by design. Bellevue，a fast­growing city just east of Seattle，uses a system that is gaining popularity around the US：intersection(十字路口)signals that can adjust in real time to traffic conditions. These lights，known as adaptive signals，have led to significant declines in both the trouble and cost of travels between work and home.

“Adaptive signals can make sure that the traffic demand that is there is being addressed，” says Alex Stevanovic，a researcher at Florida Atlantic University.

For all of Bellevue’s success，adaptive signals are not a cure­all for jammed roadways. Kevin Balke，a research engineer at the Texas A&M University Transportation Institute，says that while smart lights can be particularly beneficial for some cities，others are so jammed that only a sharp reduction in the number of cars on the road will make a meaningful difference. “It’s not going to fix everything，but adaptive signals have some benefits for smaller cities，”he says.

In Bellevue，the switch to adaptive signals has been a lesson in the value of welcoming new approaches. In the past，there was often an automatic reaction to increased traffic：just widen the roads，says Mark Poch，the Bellevue Transportation Department’s traffic engineering manager. Now he hopes that other cities will consider making their streets run smarter instead of just making them bigger.

(　　)1．What does the underlined word“that” in Paragraph 2 refer to?

A．Increased length of green lights.

B．Shortened traffic signal cycle.

C．Flexible timing of traffic signals.

D．Smooth traffic flow on the road.

(　　)2．What does Kevin Balke say about adaptive signals?

A．They work better on broad roads.

B．They should be used in other cities.

C．They have greatly reduced traffic on the road.

D．They are less helpful in cities seriously jammed.

(　　)3．What can we learn from Bellevue’s success?

A．It is rewarding to try new things.

B．The old methods still work today.

C．It pays to put theory into practice.

D．The simplest way is the best way.

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了华盛顿贝尔维尤的法克托利亚大道采用了可以根据交通状况实时调整信号灯时间的自适应信号灯，大大缓解了交通压力。

1．C　代词指代题。代词that多指代上文内容。根据文章第一段最后一句，即本段主题句“Just like the traffic itself，the timing of the signals changes. ”可知，that指代信号灯时间随交通状况而变化这一情况，也就是C项“交通信号灯时间的灵活控制”。故选C项。

2．D　推理判断题。根据题干中的Kevin Balke可定位到第四段。根据本段中的“adaptive signals are not a cure­all for jammed roadways”以及“others are so jammed that only a sharp reduction in the number of cars on the road will make a meaningful difference”可知，自适应信号灯不是解决交通拥堵问题的灵丹妙药，在一些拥挤不堪的城市，只有大幅减少道路上的汽车数量才会产生有意义的影响。由此可推知，凯文·巴尔克认为自适应信号灯在交通拥堵严重的城市没那么有用。故选D项。

3．A　推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“In Bellevue，the switch to adaptive signals has been a lesson in the value of welcoming new approaches. ”可知，贝尔维尤改用自适应信号灯给我们上了一课，让我们意识到乐于接受新方法的价值所在。由此可推知从贝尔维尤的成功中我们可以学到：尝试新事物是值得的。故选A项。

Ⅱ．七选五

(2021年山东省潍坊市五县市联考)

For many of us, nothing is better than burying our head in a good book. Whether it’s a crime story or a biography of someone’s amazing life, it’s good to read a book to switch off from the distractions of everyday life.

__1__ It can be educational and broaden the mind. A good novel can make us happy, or make us cry as we sympathize with characters. A list of books about “bibliotherapy” can be offered to patients. __2__It’s become so successful that it’s about to be extended to children as well.

Professor Philip Davis, author of a book called Reading for Life, studies people in reading groups and found that it’s reading literature — written work thought to have artistic value, that has the best effect. He told the BBC that when reading something for pleasure, “…the brain begins to work from different parts, and it gets excited, it gets pre­emotional. __3__”

Of course, it’s easy in our smartphone generation to abandon a good book and play with our phones instead. But opening up a paperback could be a simple way to help maintain our mental health. __4__And they may allow you to see that awkward situation you’ve been anxious about for weeks from someone else’s point of view.

__5__ If the book list doesn’t appeal, you could read book reviews, visit a library or bookshop or ask a friend. Once you’ve found the right text, you’ll be fascinated!

A．You can see the brain coming to life.

B．And you could always use an e­reader.

C．You can lend it to friends and forget you did.

D．It may seem obvious that reading is good for us.

E．It’s thought that they can help you set targets and find focus.

F．Reading books is actually being identified as a treatment to sickness.

G．If you’re not a concerned reader, it can be hard to know where to begin.

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。作者通过分析告诉我们阅读的重要性以及通过阅读可以带来的积极影响。

1．D　根据后句的“它可以是有教育意义的，还可以开阔眼界。”可知，D项“阅读对我们有好处，这似乎是显而易见的。”和前句构成前后说明。共同表达阅读的好处。故选D项。

2．F　根据前句提到“可以向患者提供一系列关于’阅读疗法’的书籍”可知，此处强调书籍具有“治病”之用。F项“读书实际上被认为是一种治疗疾病的方法。”在此对前句构成补充说明。故选F项。

3．A　根据前句提及“他告诉英国广播公司，当你为了快乐而阅读时，……大脑从不同的部分开始工作，它变得兴奋，它变得情绪化。”可知，此处表示书籍对大脑的积极影响。A项“你可以看到大脑苏醒过来。”在此对上句进行总结说明。共同强调书籍对大脑的积极影响。故选A项。

4．E　根据前句“但是打开一本平装书可能是帮助我们保持心理健康的一个简单方法。”和画线后的句子“他们可能会让你从别人的角度看到你已经焦虑了几个星期的尴尬局面。”可知，此处前后句都是强调书籍对人生的一些积极的作用。E项“人们认为它们可以帮助你设定目标，找到焦点。”在此构成前后并列。故选E项。

5．G　根据后句“如果书单不吸引你，你可以看看书评，去图书馆或书店，或者问问朋友。一旦你找到了正确的文本，你会为之着迷的。”可知，G项“如果你不是一个认真的读者，你可能很难知道从哪里开始”为后句作者提出解决方案所针对的问题。故选G项。

Ⅲ．概要写作

阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。

(2019年上海卷)

Where are the bees?

Bees are essential to the production of food we eat. Bees make honey, but they also pollinate large areas of crops, such as strawberries, apples and onions. About a third of the food we eat is a result of pollination of the bees. Unfortunately, bees have been disappearing at an alarming rate.

In 2006，bee keepers started reporting about something called Colony Collapse Disaster (CCD)．The main sign of CCD is the loss of adult honey bees from a hive. In October of 2006, some beekeepers reported that they had lost between 30 and 90 percent of their hives.

There were many theories for the disappearance of the bees. But the most convincing one has to do with pesticides and lifestyles of bees today. Nowadays, beekeepers get most of their income not from producing honey but from renting bees to pollinate plants. This means that the life of the typical bee now consists of travelling all around the country to pollinate crops as the seasons change. That means a lot of travelling on trucks, which is very stressful to bees. It is not unusual for up to 30% of the hive to die during transport due to stress. In addition, bees that spend most of their time locked up on trucks are not exposed to what they usually live on. Instead, they live on a sweet liquid from corn, usually polluted with pesticides.

The exact reason for the disappearance of bees is not sure, but losing bees is very costly to the economy. The bee pollination services are worth over $8 billion a year. With no bees, pollination will have to be done by hand, which would have effects on the quality of food and increased food price. We hear a lot about big environmental disasters almost every day. But one of the biggest may just be the less of that tiny flying insect.

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【答案】Bees not only provide us with honey, but also help pollinate crops(要点1). However, they are disappearing at an alarming rate for unknown reasons, which will be disastrous to us and economy(要点2)．Some people think the main reason is the pesticide, while others think it is due to transport(要点3)．The less of tiny flying insect is one of the biggest environmental disasters(要点4)．