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高考英语一轮复习课时作业十必修2Unit5Music课件
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这是一份高考英语一轮复习课时作业十必修2Unit5Music课件，共60页。
Ⅰ. 阅读理解(2021·济南模拟) Vijay Gupta is knwn t classical music lvers acrss the United States. He serves as first vilinist fr the Ls Angeles Philharmnic. In that jb, he ften plays t large crwds, including many very rich peple. When he is nt perfrming, he rganizes cncerts fr hmeless peple. “They have reminded me why I became a musician, ” he said.
Last week, Gupta was recgnized fr being a funder and the artistic directr f Street Symphny. The grup has perfrmed at hmeless shelters, jails and halfway huses fr abut eight years. Gupta is amng the 25 winners f the 2018 MacArthur Fellwship, cmmnly knwn as the “genius grant. ” Each winner will receive $625, 000 ver five years t use as they wish. The mney is cming frm a private grup, the Jhn D. and Katherine T. MacArthur Fundatin. It awards grants (补助金)t peple whse wrk it cnsiders exceptinal and that “inspires hpe in us all. ” Gupta said he gt the idea fr Street Symphny while teaching Nathaniel Ayers, a trained musician whse mental illness led t hmelessness.
The 31-year-ld grant winner said he des nt knw yet hw he will spend the mney. He has been a perfrmer since age seven and the award will give him “space t breathe, plan and lk ahead. ” Anther winner is Rebecca Sandefur, an assciate prfessr f scilgy and law in the University f Illinis. The Assciated Press says her research actively supprts new ways t invlve pr cmmunities in the U. S. justice system.
47-year-ld Sandefur created the first natinal mapping f civil legal aid prviders. It shws which states had the financial resurces t prvide such aid and which did nt. She als fund that the cst f legal services is nly ne f the things preventing pr peple frm getting lawyers. Amng the thers are fears abut unfairness in the legal system. Sandefur nted that a lt f attentin has been paid t prblems with the criminal justice system, but mre attentin must be paid t the civil side f the law, which als affects millins f peple.
【文章大意】本文主要讲述了美国两位麦克阿瑟奖学金的获奖者Gupta和Sandefur分别通过为流浪者演奏音乐和为穷人争取法律援助而激励穷人的故事。
1. Why did Gupta win the award? A. Fr his achievements in classical music. B. Fr perfrming fr large crwds. C. Fr rganizing a grup playing fr the hmeless. D. Fr the friendship with Nathaniel Ayers. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第二段The grup has perfrmed at hmeless shelters, jails and halfway huses fr abut eight years. 可知, Gupta获得该奖是因为他组织的街道交响乐团为流浪者演奏音乐。故选C。
2. What d we knw abut MacArthur Fellwship? A. It is funded by the gvernment. B. It ffers $625, 000 t 25 winners in 2018. C. It allws the winners t use the mney freely. D. It awards peple wh make great cntributins t sciety. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第二段Each winner will receive $625, 000 ver five years t use as they wish. 可知, 获奖者将在五年内获得625, 000美元的奖金, 供其随意使用。故选C。
3. What was the extrardinary thing that Sandefur did? A. She made it easier t get legal help fr the pr. B. She made the legal system fairer. C. She paid mre attentin t the criminal justice system. D. She ffered legal aids t the pr freely. 【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据倒数第二段The Assciated Press says her research actively supprts new ways t invlve pr cmmunities in the U. S. justice system. 可知, 美联社称, Sandefur的研究为贫困地区参与美国司法系统提供了新途径, 由此可知, Sandefur使穷人更容易获得法律援助。故选A。
4. Which can be the best title fr the passage? A. Grants winners, inspiring the prB. The city hmeless, in need f helpC. Vijay Gupta , an extrardinary vilinistD. MacArthur Fundatin, awarding exceptinal wrk【解析】选A。主旨大意题。通读全文可知, 本文主要讲述了美国两位麦克阿瑟奖学金的获奖者Gupta和Sandefur分别通过为流浪者演奏音乐和为穷人争取法律援助而激励穷人的故事。故选A。
Ⅱ. 完形填空 This summer vacatin, I flew t Luanda t meet my father and meanwhile, d sme vlunteering wrk, helping the children there. I 1 it thrugh the Internatinal Art & Culture Fundatin(IAC), with which my father is 2 wrking.
One f the mments that 3 me the mst happened in the Internatinal Art & Culture Fundatin. It was there that I had the 4 t simply be with incredible children and teenagers wh were 5 in the streets, with n basic cnditins. Because f the difficult 6 they lived in, they had becme 7 t substances like gasline. Sme f them were as yung as 9 years ld. Every Tuesday and Thursday, there were vluntary music 8 fr these children in the park and I was 9 during these lessns. What I lved was the way music and 10 was helping them, at least a cuple f hurs, t 11 thse terrible streets. And it was
in thse mments that I 12 that smetimes, it’s nt nly the medicine that 13 and helps us, but als the art. Painting and music speak a(n) 14 language that allws us t 15 peple frm all ver the wrld. I’ll never frget these mments.
The 16 finally came when I had t g back hme. On the ne 17 , I was nt ging alne. I tk with me all the lve and blessings f the 18 peple I had the chance t meet. On the ther hand, I was nt ging back 19 . I am leaving pieces f my heart t the smiles f every persn I 20 . I culdn’t have asked fr mre. . . 【文章大意】本文是夹叙夹议文。作者在罗安达做暑期志愿工作时, 帮助许多生活困难的人学习音乐和绘画, 并发现艺术像药品一样可以治愈人, 帮助人。
1. A. gt B. reached C. did D. put【解析】选C。本句是对上一句的补充说明, “did it”复指上句中的“. . . d sme vlunteering wrk”。
2. A. currentlyB. recentlyC. pssiblyD. hardly【解析】选A。根据定语从句的时态以及上下文语境可知, 作者的父亲目前正在罗安达文化艺术基金会工作。文章第一句也交代去罗安达见父亲, 同时做一些志愿工作。
3. A. frightenedB. puzzledC. satisfiedD. tuched【解析】选D。本句是对下文故事的总结, 由故事可知, 在志愿工作中发生的事情让作者有所触动。所以tuched符合语境。frightened(害怕), puzzled(迷惑), satisfied(满意)都不符合此处语境。
4. A. curageB. interestC. chanceD. wrry 【解析】选C。此处意为: 在做志愿工作时, 作者有机会(chance)和一些街头流浪的孩子们在一起。
5. A. studyingB. livingC. perfrmingD. gathering 【解析】选B。根据下文描述可知, 这些孩子缺乏基本的生活条件, 在街上不是学习(studying), 表演(perfrming)或聚集(gathering), 而是生活/流浪在街头。
6. A. taskB. questinC. futureD. backgrund 【解析】选D。根据上句中的“with n basic cnditins”可知, 他们的生活背景(或环境)很艰苦。故D 项符合语境。
7. A. addictedB. devtedC. familiarD. blind 【解析】选A。此处指孩子们的不良习惯, 对闻汽油上瘾是一种不好的习惯。所以A项符合语境。be devted t“专心于……”; be familiar t. . . “对……熟悉”; be blind t. . . “对……视而不见”都不符合语境。
8. A. cncertsB. lessnsC. lversD. clubs 【解析】选B。根据下文“I was _________during these lessns”可知, 在基金会有人自愿给这些孩子们上音乐课。我就在这些音乐课上帮忙。
9. A. helpingB. learningC. listeningD. discussing【解析】选A。作为志愿者, 作者在音乐课上帮忙, 而不是学习(learning), 听课(listening)或讨论(discussing)。
10. A. petryB. artC. danceD. language 【解析】选B。根据后面描述“it’s nt nly the medicine that _________and helps us, but als the art”可知, 此处意为: 我喜欢的是音乐和艺术(music and art)对他们的帮助方式。
11. A. catch up withB. hld n t C. stay away frmD. pay attentin t【解析】选C。此处意为: 至少孩子们在听音乐或艺术课的几个小时里, 可以帮助他们远离(stay away frm)那些可怕的街道。
12. A. realizedB. declaredC. wrkedD. remembered【解析】选A。下文描述的是作者的感受和认识。所以应该是意识到(realized)。
13. A. amuses B. inspiresC. reducesD. cures【解析】选D。amuse“逗乐”; inspire“鼓舞”; reduce“减少”; cure“治愈”, 根据常识可知, 只有cure符合语境。
14. A. naturalB. visualC. universalD. elegant 【解析】选C。根据常识以及下文“allws us t _________peple frm all ver the wrld”可知, 艺术和音乐是一种通用(universal)语言, 可以用来与世界各地的人们交流。故选C。
15. A. cme acrssB. cnnect with C. find utD. pick up【解析】选B。利用艺术和音乐这个通用语言可以和世界各地的人们联系(cnnect with), 不是偶遇(cme acrss), 发现(find ut)或搭载(pick up)。
16. A. timeB. wrdC. ideaD. rder 【解析】选A。根据后面的定语从句“when I had t g back hme”可知, 此处指回家的时间(time)终于到了。
17. A. partB. wayC. sideD. hand【解析】选D。根据下文的“On the ther hand. . . ”可知, 此处为固定用法“n the ne hand. . . n the ther hand. . . ”故选D。
18. A. pitifulB. wnderfulC. diligentD. talented【解析】选B。根据第二段中“. . . simply be with incredible children and teenagers”, 以及故事中体现的作者对这些孩子的看法, 可知, 这些人很好, 很棒(wnderful), 不是强调这些人可怜(pitiful), 勤奋(diligent)或有才能(talented)。
19. A. happyB. alneC. tiredD. whle【解析】选D。此题难度较大。根据下文“I am leaving pieces f my heart t the smiles f every persn I _________. ”可知, 此处意为, 我并没有全身而退(g back whle), 我的心部分留在了这些人的微笑里。
20. A. visitedB. taughtC. metD. saw 【解析】选C。根据上文“I tk with me all the lve and blessings f the _________peple I had the chance t meet. ”可知, 此处仍然指作者接触(met)的这些人们。
【知识拓展】长难句分析 It was there that I had the chance t simply be with incredible children and teenagers wh were living in the streets, with n basic cnditins. 分析: It was. . . that. . . 为强调句式; wh 引导定语从句, 修饰先行词children and teenagers。翻译: 就是在那里, 我有机会和那些在街头流浪, 没有基本生活条件的非凡的孩子和青少年在一起。
Ⅲ. 语法填空 阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 Cultural exchanges between China and Africa have a histry ging back centuries, and music is 1. _________(increasing) becming a part f that. In recent years, African drums like the djembe have gained a huge fan base in the cuntry. 2. _________ their energetic rhythms and ne-f-a-kind sund, the African drum traditins are winning ver Chinese hearts and sparking 3. _________(curius)in peple ld and yung.
Every Sunday afternn, an African drum shw 4. _________ (make)a splash near Beijing’s bustling(熙熙攘攘的) Huhai Lake. Liu Yng, 5. _________ makes a living by selling and playing djembes, established the Huhai drum grup 10 years ag. T his great surprise, a huge 5, 000 drummers 6. _________(jin)him ever since, trying their hands at challenging rhythms. Liu said in the beginning, they had nly a cuple f peple 7. _________ (play)tgether and many f them were passers-by. “But nw, peple frm all 8. _________(walk)f life are playing here. Rain r shine, we will meet up and play drums tgether. That’s ur gal, ”he said.
In Africa, hand drums are mre than just instruments used 9. _________(make)music. They are an indelible part f the cntinent’s heritage. 10. _________ fr Chinese peple, the newly-fund craze with the beats is anther stry. 【文章大意】本文介绍了非洲金贝鼓在北京越来越流行。
1. 【解析】increasingly。考查词性转换。此处为副词作状语修饰动词becming。2. 【解析】With。考查介词。此处为“with+名词”作原因状语。注意位于句首首字母要大写。3. 【解析】 curisity。考查词性转换。此处空格作sparking的宾语, 要用名词。4. 【解析】makes。考查主谓一致。根据Every Sunday 可知此处为一般现在时, drum shw为单数主语, 所以此处动词用一般现在时的单数形式。
5. 【解析】wh。考查定语从句。wh 引导定语从句, 指代人, 并在从句中作主语。6. 【解析】have jined。考查动词时态。根据时间状语ever since可知此处谓语动词用现在完成时。7. 【解析】playing。考查现在分词。现在分词作伴随状语。8. 【解析】walks。考查名词复数。all walks f life为固定短语, 表示各行各业。9. 【解析】t make。考查不定式。不定式作目的状语, 表示“被用来做……”。10. 【解析】But。考查并列连词。此处上下文之间为转折关系。
【知识拓展】背景链接 The djembe drum is said t have been invented in the 12th Century by the Mandinka tribe in what is nw Mali, in West Africa. It has been played by West Africans fr generatins and has becme an imprtant part f ritualistic(仪式的) life in Mali, Guinea, Senegal and ther neighburing West African cuntries.
Ⅳ. 读后续写(2021·金华模拟) 阅读下面短文, 根据所给情节进行续写, 使之构成一个完整的故事。 It was the httest time f the year in suthern Califrnia. Steve, a star basketball player at the University f Califrnia, with his cusin Zach, had planned a camping trip in the Great Natinal Frest fr their summer vacatin.
The bys packed clthes and supplies int a bag, and began their great adventure with the dg Brady early in the mrning. Upn arrival, Steve pulled ver t the side f the rad alng the bank f the river. “A wnderful place fr fishing, ” Steve exclaimed in delight. Zach ndded in agreement.
At high nn, the sun was scrching ht. With a gd harvest f fish, the bys marched int the frest with Brady fllwing them. After a lng walk, they fund a clearing that was ideal fr a campsite(野营地). The camp was set up immediately as Steve knew all the tricks f an experienced wilderness camper. An afternn nap was abslutely a special treat in mid-summer. Hwever, the bys were waken up by the fierce barks f Brady. Outside, heavy smke filled the air and wind-blwn flame was skipping frm the tp f ne tree t anther. The lng dry summer turned the frest int a tinderbx. In a little while, Steve and Zach were inside their tent packing their belngings.
“Let’s g! We can make it back t the river! ” They headed dwn against the fire—wind in the directin f the river. But Brady barked a sharp warning. Ahead f them lay a thick curtain f smke acrss the track. They wuld never make it thrugh that. Steve was uneasy fr it was hard t find a safe way t escape in the heavy smke. Brady lifted his head and sniffed(嗅)the smke-laden wind. Next mment, the dg bunded away and disappeared dwn a sharp slpe(斜坡). The bys shuted fr him, but he didn’t cme back. Steve culdn’t blame Brady fr panicking. He himself wanted t run even thugh he didn’t have a clue which way.
注意: 1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右; 2. 至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语; 3. 续写部分分为两段, 每段的开头语已为你写好; 4. 续写完成后, 请用下划线标出所使用的关键词语。
Paragraph 1: Steve and Zach hadn’t gne far when there was a familiar bark. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph 2: Brady pulled again, in spite f the by’s disbelief, urgently. _________________________________________________________________________________
【参考范文】Paragraph 1: Steve and Zach hadn’t gne far when there was a familiar bark. Brady came bunding, stpped directly in frnt f Steve and hit him with his head, pushing him back tward the slpe. But Steve didn’t get it. Then Brady grabbed the by’s jeans and started pulling. The message was clear, but Steve hesitated. Of curse he remembered Brady saving his uncle’s life when the dg was much yunger. Was he still sharp enugh t get them thrugh this?
Paragraph 2: Brady pulled again, in spite f the by’s disbelief, urgently. “OK, big guy, ” seeing the fire was tuching underbrush nearby, Steve made up his mind. Brady led them back dwn the slpe and int the trees. Several times the big dg stpped. Often he changed directins t find the right way. The bys were s tired but the dg urged bth bys t g n. Steve was almst numb when he heard it—the wnderful sund f rushing water! They made it back t the river.
Ⅰ. 阅读理解A(2021·临川模拟) We mved t Elmnt in 1956. I was 4 years ld. Elmnt was a wnderful place t grw up. There were lts f kids, great schls and we had a big yard. My father, Nichlas Denar, believed that grass was nt just t lk at, but that children were meant t play n it. We played games and badmintn there. A white fence separated ur backyard frm a small wd. My friends and I jumped the fence and entered the wds.
My father had the mst amazing hands. He culd fix anything. He gave thse amazing hands t his sn, my yunger brther, Frank, wh als became handy arund the huse. But my father saved his green fingers fr me. He grew flwers, tmates, strawberries and figs(无花果) and he shared his lve f gardening with me. Furteen years ag, I went t a lcal nursery and bught a fig tree fr Dad fr Father’s Day. My mther, Bridget Denar, called it the best gift I culd have given him. He planted it exactly in the middle f the frnt yard.
He lved that tree and enjyed delicius figs every year, except just after Sandy hit in 2012. He was s disappinted when cld weather just after the super strm frze all the remaining figs. In 2015, my father died f aspiratin pneumnia(吸入性肺炎) at 97. We sld ur family hme f 61 years last year. We left behind Dad’s tree, full f figs waiting t ripen. We cnsidered taking it with us, but decided that his Father’s Day fig tree belnged t Elmnt. The new wner generusly allwed me t take sme branches s that I culd have a precius reminder f my much-lved father and the Elmnt hme.
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。作者通过对童年的回忆来纪念她的父亲。1. What can we learn abut the authr frm the first paragraph? A. She grew up in a city. B. She liked climbing trees. C. She had a happy childhd. D. She was naughty and stubbrn.
【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第一段的“There were lts f kids, great schls and we had a big yard. My father, Nichlas Denar, believed that grass was nt just t lk at, but that children were meant t play n it. We played games and badmintn there. ”可知, 作者有一个幸福的童年。
2. What did Father teach the authr? A. Hw t garden well. B. Hw t play games. C. Hw t clr fingers. D. Hw t fix everything. 【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第二段的“But my father saved his green fingers fr me. He grew flwers, tmates, strawberries and figs and he shared his lve f gardening with me. ”可知, 父亲教作者如何做好园艺。
3. Why did Father fail t enjy figs in 2012? A. He was ill in hspital. B. The cld hit the fig tree. C. The tree didn’t bear figs. D. He mved t anther city. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第四段内容可知, 父亲在2012年没吃到无花果是因为严寒袭击了无花果树。
4. What is the authr’s purpse in writing the text? A. T shw her lve f figs. B. T share her childhd. C. T remember her father. D. T intrduce her experience. 【解析】选C。写作意图题。根据最后一段的最后一句“The new wner generusly allwed me t take sme branches s that I culd have a precius reminder f my much-lved father and the Elmnt hme. ”可知, 作者写这篇文章的目的是纪念她的父亲。
B Science has a lt f uses. It can uncver laws f nature, cure diseases, make bmbs, and help bridges t stand up. Indeed science is s gd at what it des that there’s always a temptatin(诱惑) t drag it int prblems where it may nt be helpful. David Brks, authr f The Scial Animal: The Hidden Surces f Lve, Character, and Achievement, appears t be the latest in a lng line f writers wh have failed t resist the temptatin.
Brks gained fame fr several bks. His latest bk The Scial Animal, hwever, is mre ambitius and serius than his earlier bks. It is an attempt t deal with a set f weighty tpics. The bk fcuses n big questins: What has science revealed abut human nature? What are the surces f character? And why are sme peple happy and successful while thers aren’t?
T answer these questins, Brks surveys a wide range f disciplines(学科). Cnsidering this, yu might expect the bk t be a dry recitatin f facts. But Brks has structured his bk in an unrthdx(非常规的), and perhaps unfrtunate way. Instead f intrducing scientific theries, he tells a stry, within which he tries t make his pints, perhaps in rder t keep the reader’s attentin. S as Harld and Erica, the her and herine in his stry, live thrugh childhd, we hear abut the science f child develpment and as they begin t date we hear abut the thery f sexual attractin. Brks carries this thrugh t the death f ne f his characters.
On the whle, Brks’ stry is acceptable if uninspired. As ne wuld expect, his writing is mstly clear and, t be fair, sme chapters stand ut abve the rest. I enjyed, fr instance, the chapter in which Harld discvers hw t think n his wn. While Harld and Erica are certainly nt strng r memrable characters, the mre serius prblems with The Scial Animal lie elsewhere. These prblems partly invlve Brks’ attempt t translate his tale int science. 【文章大意】本文是一篇书评, 介绍了大卫·布鲁克斯的书《社会动物》, 并告诉我们在这本书中他如何运用科学方面的知识来阐述他的故事, 并指出这本书的优点和不足。
5. The authr mentins the functins f science at the beginning f the passage t _________. A. illustrate where science can be appliedB. demnstrate the value f Brks’ new bkC. remind the reader f the imprtance f scienceD. explain why many writers use science in their wrks【解析】选D。推理判断题。首段第一、二句首先列举出科学的许多功能, 接着指出科学有巨大的诱惑力, 以致许多作家抵挡不住这种诱惑, 在文学作品中运用到科学。
6. Accrding t the authr, which f the fllwing culd be a strength f the bk? A. Its strng basis. B. Its cnvincing pints. C. Its clear writing. D. Its memrable characters. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据最后一段的“. . . , his writing is mstly clear and, t be fair, sme chapters stand ut abve the rest. I enjyed, . . . ”可知, 作者认为写作思路清晰是这本书的一大优势。
7. What is the authr’s general attitude twards the bk? A. Cntradictry. B. Supprtive. C. Cautius. D. Critical. 【解析】选D。观点态度题。最后一段中的连接词“While”之前是这本书的优势, 其后作者指出了其不足。因此作者对这本书持批判的态度。
8. What is the authr likely t write abut after the last paragraph? A. Prblems with the bk. B. Brks’ life experience. C. Death f the characters. D. Brks’ translatin skills. 【解析】选A。推理判断题。文章最后一段中连接词“While”后面部分开始谈论这本书存在的问题, 因此作者紧接着应该还是写这本书的不足。
C Yu can relax if remembering everything isn’t yur strng suit. Recent research makes the case that being frgetful can be a strength—in fact, selective memry can even be a sign f strnger intelligence. Traditinal research n memry has fcused n the advantages f remembering everything. But lking thrugh years f recent memry data, researchers fund that the neurbilgy f frgetting can be just as imprtant t ur decisin-making as what ur minds chse t remember.
Making intelligent decisins desn’t mean yu need t have all the infrmatin at hand. It just means yu need t hld nt the mst valuable infrmatin. And that means clearing up space in yur memry palace fr the mst up-t-date infrmatin n clients and situatins. Our brains d this by creating new neurns(神经元) in ur hippcampus, which have the pwer t verwrite(重写) existing memries that are influencing ur decisin-making.
If yu want t increase the number f new neurns in ur brain’ s learning regin, try exercising. Sme aerbic exercise like jgging, pwer walking and swimming has been fund t increase the number f neurns making imprtant cnnectins in ur brains.
When we frget the names f certain clients r details abut ld jbs, the brain is making a chice that these details dn’t matter. Althugh t much frgetfulness can be a cause fr cncern, the ccasinal lst detail can be a sign f a perfectly healthy memry system. The researchers fund that ur brains facilitate decisin-making by stpping us frm fcusing t much n unimprtant past details. Instead, the brain helps us remember the mst imprtant part f a cnversatin.
We can get blamed fr being absent-minded when we frget past events in perfect detail. These findings shw us that ttal recall(记忆)can be vervalued. Our brains are wrking smarter when they aim t remember the right stries, nt every stry. 【文章大意】这是一篇说明文, 主要讲了大脑通过权衡比较后, 有选择地遗忘一些旧的或无关紧要的信息。选择性遗忘会使我们的大脑更聪明。
9. Hw can we help ur brains prduce mre neurns? A. By having deep sleep frequently. B. By practicing swimming regularly. C. By ding mental labr repeatedly. D. By learning new skills cnstantly. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。由第四段的“Sme aerbic exercise like jgging, pwer walking and swimming has been fund t increase the number f neurns making imprtant cnnectins in ur brains. ”可知, 通过定期练习游泳可以帮助大脑产生更多的神经元。
10. Which f the fllwing can best replace“facilitate” underlined in Paragraph 5? A. Pstpne. B. Repeat. C. Prmte. D. Abuse. 【解析】选C。词义猜测题。由第五段的画线词所在句及“Instead, the brain helps us remember the mst imprtant part f a cnversatin. ”可知, 通过上下文的语境可以判断出, prmte“促进”可以最好地替代facilitate的意思。
11. What cnclusin can be drawn frm the text? A. Memry lss is well wrth nticing. B. Decisins can’t be made withut memries. C. We shuldn’t stress ttal recall t much. D. Frgetting is even mre imprtant than remembering. 【解析】选C。推理判断题。由最后一段最后两句“These findings shw us that ttal recall can be vervalued. Our brains are wrking smarter when they aim t remember the right stries, nt every stry. ”可推断出, 我们不应该过分强调完全记忆。
12. What can be a suitable title fr the text? A. Cautin: D Remember t FrgetB. Why and Hw Peple Chse t FrgetC. Want t Becme Smarter? Learn t FrgetD. Being Frgetful Might Mean Yu Are Smarter【解析】选D。标题归纳题。最后一段的“These findings shw us that ttal recall can be vervalued. Our brains are wrking smarter when they aim t remember the right stries, nt every stry. ”是全文的主题句, 且结合全文内容可知, 这篇文章的标题应是“健忘可能意味着你更聪明”。
Ⅱ. 阅读填句 Sprts perfrmance can be influenced by many different things. 1 There are many physical factrs(因素) that play a part in sprts perfrmance. 2 The natural talent and strength f the players will make a difference. Als, it is imprtant t get enugh sleep befre yu are in a sprts event. 3 Eating gd meals is als imprtant. When yu are hungry, yu cannt perfrm the same. Yu might be thinking abut fd when yu shuld be thinking abut the game.
Of curse, the mre a team r a player practices, the mre likely they are t perfrm well. The same persn with the same physical abilities might just becme better as he practices. Researching yur cmpetitr can matter a lt in sprts perfrmance. Knwing their strengths and weaknesses can help yu adjust hw yu play t give yurself a better perfrmance against them. 4 If yu can figure ut where t hit the ball in tennis that wuld cnfuse yur cmpetitr, fr example, then this can help yu scre pints.
5 If smene is very pessimistic abut a game, fr example, and is sure that he will lse, then he might increase his chances f ding s. If he is very nervus then he might be thinking abut that instead f fcusing n the game. If he is fcused then he might d better, achieving what he didn’t even realize he culd. His cnfidence can als affect hw the ther team views him. A. It is imprtant t be aware f these factrs. B. It is necessary t get t knw yur cmpetitr and yurself. C. Als, there are ways t play smething smartly and d better. D. If yu are tired, yu may nt perfrm as yu nrmally wuld.
E. If yu have practiced enugh t keep fit, yu shuld have a rest. F. If smene is in gd shape, then f curse he will perfrm better. G. There are many psychlgical factrs that can play a part in hw well yu perfrm. 【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文, 主要讲了在比赛中哪些因素会影响你的表现。
1. 【解析】选A。根据下文的“There are many physical factrs that play a part in sprts perfrmance. ”可知, A选项中的factrs和下文内容相呼应。故选A。2. 【解析】选F。根据下文的“The natural talent and strength f the players will make a difference. ”可知, F选项中的perfrm better和make a difference是顺承关系, 且语意承接下文。 故选F。3. 【解析】选D。根据上文的“Als, it is imprtant t get enugh sleep befre yu are in a sprts event. ”可知, get enugh sleep与D选项中的are tired相对应, 且语意承接上文。故选D。
4. 【解析】选C。根据空后的“If yu can figure ut where t hit the ball in tennis that wuld cnfuse yur cmpetitr, fr example, then this can help yu scre pints. ”可知, 在比赛中还有一些聪明的小方法能帮你取得胜利。故选C。5. 【解析】选G。根据下文的“If smene is very pessimistic abut a game, fr example, and is sure that he will lse, then he might increase his chances f ding s. ”可知, 心理因素会影响你的表现, 故G项能承接下文, 其中pessimistic和psychlgical factrs是相呼应的。故选G。
Ⅰ. 阅读理解(2021·济南模拟) Vijay Gupta is knwn t classical music lvers acrss the United States. He serves as first vilinist fr the Ls Angeles Philharmnic. In that jb, he ften plays t large crwds, including many very rich peple. When he is nt perfrming, he rganizes cncerts fr hmeless peple. “They have reminded me why I became a musician, ” he said.
Last week, Gupta was recgnized fr being a funder and the artistic directr f Street Symphny. The grup has perfrmed at hmeless shelters, jails and halfway huses fr abut eight years. Gupta is amng the 25 winners f the 2018 MacArthur Fellwship, cmmnly knwn as the “genius grant. ” Each winner will receive $625, 000 ver five years t use as they wish. The mney is cming frm a private grup, the Jhn D. and Katherine T. MacArthur Fundatin. It awards grants (补助金)t peple whse wrk it cnsiders exceptinal and that “inspires hpe in us all. ” Gupta said he gt the idea fr Street Symphny while teaching Nathaniel Ayers, a trained musician whse mental illness led t hmelessness.
The 31-year-ld grant winner said he des nt knw yet hw he will spend the mney. He has been a perfrmer since age seven and the award will give him “space t breathe, plan and lk ahead. ” Anther winner is Rebecca Sandefur, an assciate prfessr f scilgy and law in the University f Illinis. The Assciated Press says her research actively supprts new ways t invlve pr cmmunities in the U. S. justice system.
47-year-ld Sandefur created the first natinal mapping f civil legal aid prviders. It shws which states had the financial resurces t prvide such aid and which did nt. She als fund that the cst f legal services is nly ne f the things preventing pr peple frm getting lawyers. Amng the thers are fears abut unfairness in the legal system. Sandefur nted that a lt f attentin has been paid t prblems with the criminal justice system, but mre attentin must be paid t the civil side f the law, which als affects millins f peple.
【文章大意】本文主要讲述了美国两位麦克阿瑟奖学金的获奖者Gupta和Sandefur分别通过为流浪者演奏音乐和为穷人争取法律援助而激励穷人的故事。
1. Why did Gupta win the award? A. Fr his achievements in classical music. B. Fr perfrming fr large crwds. C. Fr rganizing a grup playing fr the hmeless. D. Fr the friendship with Nathaniel Ayers. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第二段The grup has perfrmed at hmeless shelters, jails and halfway huses fr abut eight years. 可知, Gupta获得该奖是因为他组织的街道交响乐团为流浪者演奏音乐。故选C。
2. What d we knw abut MacArthur Fellwship? A. It is funded by the gvernment. B. It ffers $625, 000 t 25 winners in 2018. C. It allws the winners t use the mney freely. D. It awards peple wh make great cntributins t sciety. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第二段Each winner will receive $625, 000 ver five years t use as they wish. 可知, 获奖者将在五年内获得625, 000美元的奖金, 供其随意使用。故选C。
3. What was the extrardinary thing that Sandefur did? A. She made it easier t get legal help fr the pr. B. She made the legal system fairer. C. She paid mre attentin t the criminal justice system. D. She ffered legal aids t the pr freely. 【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据倒数第二段The Assciated Press says her research actively supprts new ways t invlve pr cmmunities in the U. S. justice system. 可知, 美联社称, Sandefur的研究为贫困地区参与美国司法系统提供了新途径, 由此可知, Sandefur使穷人更容易获得法律援助。故选A。
4. Which can be the best title fr the passage? A. Grants winners, inspiring the prB. The city hmeless, in need f helpC. Vijay Gupta , an extrardinary vilinistD. MacArthur Fundatin, awarding exceptinal wrk【解析】选A。主旨大意题。通读全文可知, 本文主要讲述了美国两位麦克阿瑟奖学金的获奖者Gupta和Sandefur分别通过为流浪者演奏音乐和为穷人争取法律援助而激励穷人的故事。故选A。
Ⅱ. 完形填空 This summer vacatin, I flew t Luanda t meet my father and meanwhile, d sme vlunteering wrk, helping the children there. I 1 it thrugh the Internatinal Art & Culture Fundatin(IAC), with which my father is 2 wrking.
One f the mments that 3 me the mst happened in the Internatinal Art & Culture Fundatin. It was there that I had the 4 t simply be with incredible children and teenagers wh were 5 in the streets, with n basic cnditins. Because f the difficult 6 they lived in, they had becme 7 t substances like gasline. Sme f them were as yung as 9 years ld. Every Tuesday and Thursday, there were vluntary music 8 fr these children in the park and I was 9 during these lessns. What I lved was the way music and 10 was helping them, at least a cuple f hurs, t 11 thse terrible streets. And it was
in thse mments that I 12 that smetimes, it’s nt nly the medicine that 13 and helps us, but als the art. Painting and music speak a(n) 14 language that allws us t 15 peple frm all ver the wrld. I’ll never frget these mments.
The 16 finally came when I had t g back hme. On the ne 17 , I was nt ging alne. I tk with me all the lve and blessings f the 18 peple I had the chance t meet. On the ther hand, I was nt ging back 19 . I am leaving pieces f my heart t the smiles f every persn I 20 . I culdn’t have asked fr mre. . . 【文章大意】本文是夹叙夹议文。作者在罗安达做暑期志愿工作时, 帮助许多生活困难的人学习音乐和绘画, 并发现艺术像药品一样可以治愈人, 帮助人。
1. A. gt B. reached C. did D. put【解析】选C。本句是对上一句的补充说明, “did it”复指上句中的“. . . d sme vlunteering wrk”。
2. A. currentlyB. recentlyC. pssiblyD. hardly【解析】选A。根据定语从句的时态以及上下文语境可知, 作者的父亲目前正在罗安达文化艺术基金会工作。文章第一句也交代去罗安达见父亲, 同时做一些志愿工作。
3. A. frightenedB. puzzledC. satisfiedD. tuched【解析】选D。本句是对下文故事的总结, 由故事可知, 在志愿工作中发生的事情让作者有所触动。所以tuched符合语境。frightened(害怕), puzzled(迷惑), satisfied(满意)都不符合此处语境。
4. A. curageB. interestC. chanceD. wrry 【解析】选C。此处意为: 在做志愿工作时, 作者有机会(chance)和一些街头流浪的孩子们在一起。
5. A. studyingB. livingC. perfrmingD. gathering 【解析】选B。根据下文描述可知, 这些孩子缺乏基本的生活条件, 在街上不是学习(studying), 表演(perfrming)或聚集(gathering), 而是生活/流浪在街头。
6. A. taskB. questinC. futureD. backgrund 【解析】选D。根据上句中的“with n basic cnditins”可知, 他们的生活背景(或环境)很艰苦。故D 项符合语境。
7. A. addictedB. devtedC. familiarD. blind 【解析】选A。此处指孩子们的不良习惯, 对闻汽油上瘾是一种不好的习惯。所以A项符合语境。be devted t“专心于……”; be familiar t. . . “对……熟悉”; be blind t. . . “对……视而不见”都不符合语境。
8. A. cncertsB. lessnsC. lversD. clubs 【解析】选B。根据下文“I was _________during these lessns”可知, 在基金会有人自愿给这些孩子们上音乐课。我就在这些音乐课上帮忙。
9. A. helpingB. learningC. listeningD. discussing【解析】选A。作为志愿者, 作者在音乐课上帮忙, 而不是学习(learning), 听课(listening)或讨论(discussing)。
10. A. petryB. artC. danceD. language 【解析】选B。根据后面描述“it’s nt nly the medicine that _________and helps us, but als the art”可知, 此处意为: 我喜欢的是音乐和艺术(music and art)对他们的帮助方式。
11. A. catch up withB. hld n t C. stay away frmD. pay attentin t【解析】选C。此处意为: 至少孩子们在听音乐或艺术课的几个小时里, 可以帮助他们远离(stay away frm)那些可怕的街道。
12. A. realizedB. declaredC. wrkedD. remembered【解析】选A。下文描述的是作者的感受和认识。所以应该是意识到(realized)。
13. A. amuses B. inspiresC. reducesD. cures【解析】选D。amuse“逗乐”; inspire“鼓舞”; reduce“减少”; cure“治愈”, 根据常识可知, 只有cure符合语境。
14. A. naturalB. visualC. universalD. elegant 【解析】选C。根据常识以及下文“allws us t _________peple frm all ver the wrld”可知, 艺术和音乐是一种通用(universal)语言, 可以用来与世界各地的人们交流。故选C。
15. A. cme acrssB. cnnect with C. find utD. pick up【解析】选B。利用艺术和音乐这个通用语言可以和世界各地的人们联系(cnnect with), 不是偶遇(cme acrss), 发现(find ut)或搭载(pick up)。
16. A. timeB. wrdC. ideaD. rder 【解析】选A。根据后面的定语从句“when I had t g back hme”可知, 此处指回家的时间(time)终于到了。
17. A. partB. wayC. sideD. hand【解析】选D。根据下文的“On the ther hand. . . ”可知, 此处为固定用法“n the ne hand. . . n the ther hand. . . ”故选D。
18. A. pitifulB. wnderfulC. diligentD. talented【解析】选B。根据第二段中“. . . simply be with incredible children and teenagers”, 以及故事中体现的作者对这些孩子的看法, 可知, 这些人很好, 很棒(wnderful), 不是强调这些人可怜(pitiful), 勤奋(diligent)或有才能(talented)。
19. A. happyB. alneC. tiredD. whle【解析】选D。此题难度较大。根据下文“I am leaving pieces f my heart t the smiles f every persn I _________. ”可知, 此处意为, 我并没有全身而退(g back whle), 我的心部分留在了这些人的微笑里。
20. A. visitedB. taughtC. metD. saw 【解析】选C。根据上文“I tk with me all the lve and blessings f the _________peple I had the chance t meet. ”可知, 此处仍然指作者接触(met)的这些人们。
【知识拓展】长难句分析 It was there that I had the chance t simply be with incredible children and teenagers wh were living in the streets, with n basic cnditins. 分析: It was. . . that. . . 为强调句式; wh 引导定语从句, 修饰先行词children and teenagers。翻译: 就是在那里, 我有机会和那些在街头流浪, 没有基本生活条件的非凡的孩子和青少年在一起。
Ⅲ. 语法填空 阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 Cultural exchanges between China and Africa have a histry ging back centuries, and music is 1. _________(increasing) becming a part f that. In recent years, African drums like the djembe have gained a huge fan base in the cuntry. 2. _________ their energetic rhythms and ne-f-a-kind sund, the African drum traditins are winning ver Chinese hearts and sparking 3. _________(curius)in peple ld and yung.
Every Sunday afternn, an African drum shw 4. _________ (make)a splash near Beijing’s bustling(熙熙攘攘的) Huhai Lake. Liu Yng, 5. _________ makes a living by selling and playing djembes, established the Huhai drum grup 10 years ag. T his great surprise, a huge 5, 000 drummers 6. _________(jin)him ever since, trying their hands at challenging rhythms. Liu said in the beginning, they had nly a cuple f peple 7. _________ (play)tgether and many f them were passers-by. “But nw, peple frm all 8. _________(walk)f life are playing here. Rain r shine, we will meet up and play drums tgether. That’s ur gal, ”he said.
In Africa, hand drums are mre than just instruments used 9. _________(make)music. They are an indelible part f the cntinent’s heritage. 10. _________ fr Chinese peple, the newly-fund craze with the beats is anther stry. 【文章大意】本文介绍了非洲金贝鼓在北京越来越流行。
1. 【解析】increasingly。考查词性转换。此处为副词作状语修饰动词becming。2. 【解析】With。考查介词。此处为“with+名词”作原因状语。注意位于句首首字母要大写。3. 【解析】 curisity。考查词性转换。此处空格作sparking的宾语, 要用名词。4. 【解析】makes。考查主谓一致。根据Every Sunday 可知此处为一般现在时, drum shw为单数主语, 所以此处动词用一般现在时的单数形式。
5. 【解析】wh。考查定语从句。wh 引导定语从句, 指代人, 并在从句中作主语。6. 【解析】have jined。考查动词时态。根据时间状语ever since可知此处谓语动词用现在完成时。7. 【解析】playing。考查现在分词。现在分词作伴随状语。8. 【解析】walks。考查名词复数。all walks f life为固定短语, 表示各行各业。9. 【解析】t make。考查不定式。不定式作目的状语, 表示“被用来做……”。10. 【解析】But。考查并列连词。此处上下文之间为转折关系。
【知识拓展】背景链接 The djembe drum is said t have been invented in the 12th Century by the Mandinka tribe in what is nw Mali, in West Africa. It has been played by West Africans fr generatins and has becme an imprtant part f ritualistic(仪式的) life in Mali, Guinea, Senegal and ther neighburing West African cuntries.
Ⅳ. 读后续写(2021·金华模拟) 阅读下面短文, 根据所给情节进行续写, 使之构成一个完整的故事。 It was the httest time f the year in suthern Califrnia. Steve, a star basketball player at the University f Califrnia, with his cusin Zach, had planned a camping trip in the Great Natinal Frest fr their summer vacatin.
The bys packed clthes and supplies int a bag, and began their great adventure with the dg Brady early in the mrning. Upn arrival, Steve pulled ver t the side f the rad alng the bank f the river. “A wnderful place fr fishing, ” Steve exclaimed in delight. Zach ndded in agreement.
At high nn, the sun was scrching ht. With a gd harvest f fish, the bys marched int the frest with Brady fllwing them. After a lng walk, they fund a clearing that was ideal fr a campsite(野营地). The camp was set up immediately as Steve knew all the tricks f an experienced wilderness camper. An afternn nap was abslutely a special treat in mid-summer. Hwever, the bys were waken up by the fierce barks f Brady. Outside, heavy smke filled the air and wind-blwn flame was skipping frm the tp f ne tree t anther. The lng dry summer turned the frest int a tinderbx. In a little while, Steve and Zach were inside their tent packing their belngings.
“Let’s g! We can make it back t the river! ” They headed dwn against the fire—wind in the directin f the river. But Brady barked a sharp warning. Ahead f them lay a thick curtain f smke acrss the track. They wuld never make it thrugh that. Steve was uneasy fr it was hard t find a safe way t escape in the heavy smke. Brady lifted his head and sniffed(嗅)the smke-laden wind. Next mment, the dg bunded away and disappeared dwn a sharp slpe(斜坡). The bys shuted fr him, but he didn’t cme back. Steve culdn’t blame Brady fr panicking. He himself wanted t run even thugh he didn’t have a clue which way.
注意: 1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右; 2. 至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语; 3. 续写部分分为两段, 每段的开头语已为你写好; 4. 续写完成后, 请用下划线标出所使用的关键词语。
Paragraph 1: Steve and Zach hadn’t gne far when there was a familiar bark. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph 2: Brady pulled again, in spite f the by’s disbelief, urgently. _________________________________________________________________________________
【参考范文】Paragraph 1: Steve and Zach hadn’t gne far when there was a familiar bark. Brady came bunding, stpped directly in frnt f Steve and hit him with his head, pushing him back tward the slpe. But Steve didn’t get it. Then Brady grabbed the by’s jeans and started pulling. The message was clear, but Steve hesitated. Of curse he remembered Brady saving his uncle’s life when the dg was much yunger. Was he still sharp enugh t get them thrugh this?
Paragraph 2: Brady pulled again, in spite f the by’s disbelief, urgently. “OK, big guy, ” seeing the fire was tuching underbrush nearby, Steve made up his mind. Brady led them back dwn the slpe and int the trees. Several times the big dg stpped. Often he changed directins t find the right way. The bys were s tired but the dg urged bth bys t g n. Steve was almst numb when he heard it—the wnderful sund f rushing water! They made it back t the river.
Ⅰ. 阅读理解A(2021·临川模拟) We mved t Elmnt in 1956. I was 4 years ld. Elmnt was a wnderful place t grw up. There were lts f kids, great schls and we had a big yard. My father, Nichlas Denar, believed that grass was nt just t lk at, but that children were meant t play n it. We played games and badmintn there. A white fence separated ur backyard frm a small wd. My friends and I jumped the fence and entered the wds.
My father had the mst amazing hands. He culd fix anything. He gave thse amazing hands t his sn, my yunger brther, Frank, wh als became handy arund the huse. But my father saved his green fingers fr me. He grew flwers, tmates, strawberries and figs(无花果) and he shared his lve f gardening with me. Furteen years ag, I went t a lcal nursery and bught a fig tree fr Dad fr Father’s Day. My mther, Bridget Denar, called it the best gift I culd have given him. He planted it exactly in the middle f the frnt yard.
He lved that tree and enjyed delicius figs every year, except just after Sandy hit in 2012. He was s disappinted when cld weather just after the super strm frze all the remaining figs. In 2015, my father died f aspiratin pneumnia(吸入性肺炎) at 97. We sld ur family hme f 61 years last year. We left behind Dad’s tree, full f figs waiting t ripen. We cnsidered taking it with us, but decided that his Father’s Day fig tree belnged t Elmnt. The new wner generusly allwed me t take sme branches s that I culd have a precius reminder f my much-lved father and the Elmnt hme.
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。作者通过对童年的回忆来纪念她的父亲。1. What can we learn abut the authr frm the first paragraph? A. She grew up in a city. B. She liked climbing trees. C. She had a happy childhd. D. She was naughty and stubbrn.
【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第一段的“There were lts f kids, great schls and we had a big yard. My father, Nichlas Denar, believed that grass was nt just t lk at, but that children were meant t play n it. We played games and badmintn there. ”可知, 作者有一个幸福的童年。
2. What did Father teach the authr? A. Hw t garden well. B. Hw t play games. C. Hw t clr fingers. D. Hw t fix everything. 【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第二段的“But my father saved his green fingers fr me. He grew flwers, tmates, strawberries and figs and he shared his lve f gardening with me. ”可知, 父亲教作者如何做好园艺。
3. Why did Father fail t enjy figs in 2012? A. He was ill in hspital. B. The cld hit the fig tree. C. The tree didn’t bear figs. D. He mved t anther city. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第四段内容可知, 父亲在2012年没吃到无花果是因为严寒袭击了无花果树。
4. What is the authr’s purpse in writing the text? A. T shw her lve f figs. B. T share her childhd. C. T remember her father. D. T intrduce her experience. 【解析】选C。写作意图题。根据最后一段的最后一句“The new wner generusly allwed me t take sme branches s that I culd have a precius reminder f my much-lved father and the Elmnt hme. ”可知, 作者写这篇文章的目的是纪念她的父亲。
B Science has a lt f uses. It can uncver laws f nature, cure diseases, make bmbs, and help bridges t stand up. Indeed science is s gd at what it des that there’s always a temptatin(诱惑) t drag it int prblems where it may nt be helpful. David Brks, authr f The Scial Animal: The Hidden Surces f Lve, Character, and Achievement, appears t be the latest in a lng line f writers wh have failed t resist the temptatin.
Brks gained fame fr several bks. His latest bk The Scial Animal, hwever, is mre ambitius and serius than his earlier bks. It is an attempt t deal with a set f weighty tpics. The bk fcuses n big questins: What has science revealed abut human nature? What are the surces f character? And why are sme peple happy and successful while thers aren’t?
T answer these questins, Brks surveys a wide range f disciplines(学科). Cnsidering this, yu might expect the bk t be a dry recitatin f facts. But Brks has structured his bk in an unrthdx(非常规的), and perhaps unfrtunate way. Instead f intrducing scientific theries, he tells a stry, within which he tries t make his pints, perhaps in rder t keep the reader’s attentin. S as Harld and Erica, the her and herine in his stry, live thrugh childhd, we hear abut the science f child develpment and as they begin t date we hear abut the thery f sexual attractin. Brks carries this thrugh t the death f ne f his characters.
On the whle, Brks’ stry is acceptable if uninspired. As ne wuld expect, his writing is mstly clear and, t be fair, sme chapters stand ut abve the rest. I enjyed, fr instance, the chapter in which Harld discvers hw t think n his wn. While Harld and Erica are certainly nt strng r memrable characters, the mre serius prblems with The Scial Animal lie elsewhere. These prblems partly invlve Brks’ attempt t translate his tale int science. 【文章大意】本文是一篇书评, 介绍了大卫·布鲁克斯的书《社会动物》, 并告诉我们在这本书中他如何运用科学方面的知识来阐述他的故事, 并指出这本书的优点和不足。
5. The authr mentins the functins f science at the beginning f the passage t _________. A. illustrate where science can be appliedB. demnstrate the value f Brks’ new bkC. remind the reader f the imprtance f scienceD. explain why many writers use science in their wrks【解析】选D。推理判断题。首段第一、二句首先列举出科学的许多功能, 接着指出科学有巨大的诱惑力, 以致许多作家抵挡不住这种诱惑, 在文学作品中运用到科学。
6. Accrding t the authr, which f the fllwing culd be a strength f the bk? A. Its strng basis. B. Its cnvincing pints. C. Its clear writing. D. Its memrable characters. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据最后一段的“. . . , his writing is mstly clear and, t be fair, sme chapters stand ut abve the rest. I enjyed, . . . ”可知, 作者认为写作思路清晰是这本书的一大优势。
7. What is the authr’s general attitude twards the bk? A. Cntradictry. B. Supprtive. C. Cautius. D. Critical. 【解析】选D。观点态度题。最后一段中的连接词“While”之前是这本书的优势, 其后作者指出了其不足。因此作者对这本书持批判的态度。
8. What is the authr likely t write abut after the last paragraph? A. Prblems with the bk. B. Brks’ life experience. C. Death f the characters. D. Brks’ translatin skills. 【解析】选A。推理判断题。文章最后一段中连接词“While”后面部分开始谈论这本书存在的问题, 因此作者紧接着应该还是写这本书的不足。
C Yu can relax if remembering everything isn’t yur strng suit. Recent research makes the case that being frgetful can be a strength—in fact, selective memry can even be a sign f strnger intelligence. Traditinal research n memry has fcused n the advantages f remembering everything. But lking thrugh years f recent memry data, researchers fund that the neurbilgy f frgetting can be just as imprtant t ur decisin-making as what ur minds chse t remember.
Making intelligent decisins desn’t mean yu need t have all the infrmatin at hand. It just means yu need t hld nt the mst valuable infrmatin. And that means clearing up space in yur memry palace fr the mst up-t-date infrmatin n clients and situatins. Our brains d this by creating new neurns(神经元) in ur hippcampus, which have the pwer t verwrite(重写) existing memries that are influencing ur decisin-making.
If yu want t increase the number f new neurns in ur brain’ s learning regin, try exercising. Sme aerbic exercise like jgging, pwer walking and swimming has been fund t increase the number f neurns making imprtant cnnectins in ur brains.
When we frget the names f certain clients r details abut ld jbs, the brain is making a chice that these details dn’t matter. Althugh t much frgetfulness can be a cause fr cncern, the ccasinal lst detail can be a sign f a perfectly healthy memry system. The researchers fund that ur brains facilitate decisin-making by stpping us frm fcusing t much n unimprtant past details. Instead, the brain helps us remember the mst imprtant part f a cnversatin.
We can get blamed fr being absent-minded when we frget past events in perfect detail. These findings shw us that ttal recall(记忆)can be vervalued. Our brains are wrking smarter when they aim t remember the right stries, nt every stry. 【文章大意】这是一篇说明文, 主要讲了大脑通过权衡比较后, 有选择地遗忘一些旧的或无关紧要的信息。选择性遗忘会使我们的大脑更聪明。
9. Hw can we help ur brains prduce mre neurns? A. By having deep sleep frequently. B. By practicing swimming regularly. C. By ding mental labr repeatedly. D. By learning new skills cnstantly. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。由第四段的“Sme aerbic exercise like jgging, pwer walking and swimming has been fund t increase the number f neurns making imprtant cnnectins in ur brains. ”可知, 通过定期练习游泳可以帮助大脑产生更多的神经元。
10. Which f the fllwing can best replace“facilitate” underlined in Paragraph 5? A. Pstpne. B. Repeat. C. Prmte. D. Abuse. 【解析】选C。词义猜测题。由第五段的画线词所在句及“Instead, the brain helps us remember the mst imprtant part f a cnversatin. ”可知, 通过上下文的语境可以判断出, prmte“促进”可以最好地替代facilitate的意思。
11. What cnclusin can be drawn frm the text? A. Memry lss is well wrth nticing. B. Decisins can’t be made withut memries. C. We shuldn’t stress ttal recall t much. D. Frgetting is even mre imprtant than remembering. 【解析】选C。推理判断题。由最后一段最后两句“These findings shw us that ttal recall can be vervalued. Our brains are wrking smarter when they aim t remember the right stries, nt every stry. ”可推断出, 我们不应该过分强调完全记忆。
12. What can be a suitable title fr the text? A. Cautin: D Remember t FrgetB. Why and Hw Peple Chse t FrgetC. Want t Becme Smarter? Learn t FrgetD. Being Frgetful Might Mean Yu Are Smarter【解析】选D。标题归纳题。最后一段的“These findings shw us that ttal recall can be vervalued. Our brains are wrking smarter when they aim t remember the right stries, nt every stry. ”是全文的主题句, 且结合全文内容可知, 这篇文章的标题应是“健忘可能意味着你更聪明”。
Ⅱ. 阅读填句 Sprts perfrmance can be influenced by many different things. 1 There are many physical factrs(因素) that play a part in sprts perfrmance. 2 The natural talent and strength f the players will make a difference. Als, it is imprtant t get enugh sleep befre yu are in a sprts event. 3 Eating gd meals is als imprtant. When yu are hungry, yu cannt perfrm the same. Yu might be thinking abut fd when yu shuld be thinking abut the game.
Of curse, the mre a team r a player practices, the mre likely they are t perfrm well. The same persn with the same physical abilities might just becme better as he practices. Researching yur cmpetitr can matter a lt in sprts perfrmance. Knwing their strengths and weaknesses can help yu adjust hw yu play t give yurself a better perfrmance against them. 4 If yu can figure ut where t hit the ball in tennis that wuld cnfuse yur cmpetitr, fr example, then this can help yu scre pints.
5 If smene is very pessimistic abut a game, fr example, and is sure that he will lse, then he might increase his chances f ding s. If he is very nervus then he might be thinking abut that instead f fcusing n the game. If he is fcused then he might d better, achieving what he didn’t even realize he culd. His cnfidence can als affect hw the ther team views him. A. It is imprtant t be aware f these factrs. B. It is necessary t get t knw yur cmpetitr and yurself. C. Als, there are ways t play smething smartly and d better. D. If yu are tired, yu may nt perfrm as yu nrmally wuld.
E. If yu have practiced enugh t keep fit, yu shuld have a rest. F. If smene is in gd shape, then f curse he will perfrm better. G. There are many psychlgical factrs that can play a part in hw well yu perfrm. 【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文, 主要讲了在比赛中哪些因素会影响你的表现。
1. 【解析】选A。根据下文的“There are many physical factrs that play a part in sprts perfrmance. ”可知, A选项中的factrs和下文内容相呼应。故选A。2. 【解析】选F。根据下文的“The natural talent and strength f the players will make a difference. ”可知, F选项中的perfrm better和make a difference是顺承关系, 且语意承接下文。 故选F。3. 【解析】选D。根据上文的“Als, it is imprtant t get enugh sleep befre yu are in a sprts event. ”可知, get enugh sleep与D选项中的are tired相对应, 且语意承接上文。故选D。
4. 【解析】选C。根据空后的“If yu can figure ut where t hit the ball in tennis that wuld cnfuse yur cmpetitr, fr example, then this can help yu scre pints. ”可知, 在比赛中还有一些聪明的小方法能帮你取得胜利。故选C。5. 【解析】选G。根据下文的“If smene is very pessimistic abut a game, fr example, and is sure that he will lse, then he might increase his chances f ding s. ”可知, 心理因素会影响你的表现, 故G项能承接下文, 其中pessimistic和psychlgical factrs是相呼应的。故选G。
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