高考英语一轮复习课时作业二十二必修5Unit2TheUnitedKingdom课件

这是一份高考英语一轮复习课时作业二十二必修5Unit2TheUnitedKingdom课件，共60页。
Ⅰ. 阅读理解A　　Jeremy frm America cannt understand why a lady he met utside the Hyde Park in Lndn said, “Oh, isn’t it cld? ”, and he thinks f this behaviur as a distinctively English cncern abut the weather. In fact, the female was just trying t strike up a cnversatin with Jeremy. Nt necessarily a lng cnversatin — just an exchange f greetings. It is nt always quite that bvius, but all English weather cnversatins have a distinctive structure cnducted accrding t unwritten but accepted rules.
The unpredictable nature f ur weather ensures that there is always smething new t cmment n, r perhaps mst imprtantly, agree abut. We have already established that weather-speak greetings like “Cld, isn’t it? ” require the respnse expressing agreement, as in “Yes, isn’t it? ”. It wuld be very rude t respnd with “N, actually it’s quite mild. ” r “It’s pretty ht t me. ” If yu deliberately break the rule, yu will find that the atmsphere becmes rather tense and awkward. There may be an uncmfrtable silence. Mst likely, they will either change the subject r cntinue talking abut the weather amng themselves plitely, if cldly, ignring yur faux pas.  
There is, hwever, ne situatin in which English weather-speakers are nt required t bserve the agreement rule at all and that is the male-bnding argument, particularly the pub-argument. In the special envirnment f the pub, cnstant disagreement nt just n the weather, but n everything else as well is a means f expressing friendship.
While we may spend much f ur time cmplaining abut ur weather, freigners are nt allwed t criticize it. Indeed, this brings us t the weather as family rule. In this respect, we treat the English weather like a member f ur family: ne can cmplain abut the behavir f ne’s wn children r parents, but any blame frm an utsider is unacceptable. The weather may be ne f the few things abut which the English are still uncnsciusly and unashamedly patritic (爱国的). 【文章大意】本文是说明文。文章讲述英国人在谈论天气时是按照未成文但被人们普遍接受的规则进行的, 谈论天气是英国人一种独有的情怀。
1. Why did the lady cmment n the weather t Jeremy? A. T build up friendship. B. T begin a casual chat. C. T send seasnal greetings. D. T express dissatisfactin.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第一段中的“In fact, the female was just trying t strike up a cnversatin with Jeremy. Nt necessarily a lng cnversatin — just an exchange f greetings. ”可知, 实际上这名女性只是想与Jeremy搭一下话。不必是长时间的对话, 只是互相问好。因此这位女士对Jeremy评论天气是为了开始一个随便的聊天。
2. What des the underlined phrase “faux pas” in Paragraph 2 prbably mean? A. Imprper respnse. 　 B. Careless attitude. C. Rude interruptin. D. Frequent cmplaint.
【解析】选A。词义猜测题。根据第二段第一句可知, 天气的不可预测性确保我们始终有新的东西可以评论, 或者说最重要的是要达成对天气的共识。由此可知, 人们在谈论天气时, 双方往往会有一致的看法。由第二段倒数二、三句可知, 如果你故意违反规则, 你会发现气氛变得非常紧张和尴尬。可能会有不舒服的沉默。因此说话双方就要做出选择, 即下文的“他们很可能会改变话题, 或者继续礼貌地谈论天气”。如果对话氛围不好的话, 他们自然会忽略你的回应。因此, 这说明你的回应是不合适的, 即违背了人们默认的规则。即画线短语意为“不当的回应”。
3. What is Paragraph 3 mainly abut? A. Male bnding in pubs. B. Argument abut weather. C. Exceptin t the agreement rule. D. Making friends by disagreement.
【解析】选C。 段落大意题。根据第三段中的“There is, hwever. . . as well is a means f expressing friendship. ”可知, 有一种情况下, 英国谈论天气的人不需要遵守规则, 这是发生在男人小圈子里的, 尤其是在酒吧。在酒吧的特殊环境中, 天气上的不断的分歧和在其他所有方面的分歧都是表达友谊的一种手段。即第三段主要讲的是遵守天气对话规则的例外。
4. What is the best title fr this text? A. Pliteness Tips fr FreignersB. Accepted Rules in Scial LifeC. English Pliteness in Weather CnversatinD. Hidden Rules f English Weather Cnversatin
【解析】选D。 标题判断题。通读全文尤其是第一段的“all English weather cnversatins have a distinctive structure cnducted accrding t unwritten but accepted rules. ”可知, 所有关于天气的对话都是按照未成文但被人们普遍接受的规则进行的。文章接下来具体地对该规则进行了解释, 因此本文的最佳标题是“英国人天气对话的潜规则”。
【知识拓展】词汇积累distinctively区别地 ; strike up a cnversatin with攀谈; nt necessarily未必; unpredictable不可预测的; mild温和的; deliberately故意地; tense and awkward紧张并尴尬的; male-bnding argument男人一致认同的论点; uncnsciusly无意识地; unashamedly不加羞耻地
长难句分析There is, hwever, ne situatin in which English weather-speakers are nt required t bserve the agreement rule at all and that is the male-bnding argument, particularly the pub-argument. 分析: and连接两个分句, 其中前半句是定语从句, 先行词为situatin, 引导词in which。翻译: 然而, 有一种情形, 在英国谈论天气的人被要求可以不遵守这个一致规则, 这就是男性之间达成一致的一种看法, 尤其体现在酒吧的争论上。
B(2021·长沙模拟) The ryal family is filled with rules, and ne in particular might explain why Princess Charltte is a princess, but her kids likely wn’t be. When it cmes t the British ryal family, ne thing is almst always true: they have a pretty cnfusing set f fficial rules and prtcls. Fr instance, the ryal family desn’t have a last name. And dn’t frget the fact that Queen Elizabeth celebrates tw birthdays every year.
If yur head isn’t swimming yet, cnsider the traditin f ryal titles. As a British custm, nly the daughter f a prince r a prince’s wife may be cnsidered a frmal “princess”. The latter applies t Kate, wh is bth a princess and the Duchess f Cambridge thanks t her marriage t Prince William, the Duke f Cambridge. And their children, Prince Gerge and Princess Charltte, als bear fficial ryal titles because their father is Prince William.
Hwever, while Prince Gerge’s future children will als carry their father’s ryal status, any children that Princess Charltte has will nt autmatically be cnsidered princes r princesses. Why? Ryal custm dictates that ryal titles are passed dwn via sns, but nt daughters. “Ryal titles are inherited thrugh sns, s if Princess Charltte has children they wuld nt autmatically inherit the titles (his r her ryal highness) HRH, Prince, r Princess, ” Lucy Hume, assciate directr f etiquette experts Debrett’s, tld Twn& Cuntry.
Of curse, exceptins can (and will! ) be made. (Learn abut every time the British ryal family brke their wn prtcl. ) The Queen has ffered HRH status t ther ryal ffspring in the past, including the children f Queen Elizabeth’s daughter, Anne. Althugh Princess Anne and her husband, Captain Phillips, declined, perhaps Princess Charltte will be extended the same ffer when her wn children are brn.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了英国王室头衔传承的规则。按照英国的习俗, 只有王子的女儿或王子的妻子才可以被视为正式的公主。公主拥有的任何子女都不会自动被视为王子或公主。因为王室习俗规定王室头衔是由儿子传下来的而不是女儿。
5. What’s the meaning f the underlined wrd “prtcls” in the secnd paragraph? A. Prmise. B. Behavir. C. Manners. D. Cnnectin.
【解析】选C。词义猜测题。画线词和之前的rules是并列的, 因此在词义上与rules(规则)接近, 根据第二段中的“Fr instance, the ryal family desn’t have a last name. And dn’t frget the fact that Queen Elizabeth celebrates tw birthdays every year. ”可知, 王室成员没有姓氏。伊丽莎白女王每年庆祝两个生日, 这是一种“规矩”。该句是在解释rules和prtcls, 因此画线词的意思是“规矩”。 prmise承诺; behavir行为; manners规矩, 风俗; cnnectin联系。
6. What kind f child is regarded as “princess”? A. The sn f a princess. B. The daughter f a prince. C. The daughter f a princess. D. The wife f a king. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第三段中的“As a British custm, nly the daughter f a prince r a prince’s wife may be cnsidered a frmal ’princess’. ”可知, 按照英国的习俗, 只有王子的女儿或王子的妻子才可以被视为正式的公主。因此选项中只有“王子的女儿”才被认为是公主。
7. Wh is Charltte’s father? A. Prince Gerge. B. Elizabeth. C. Prince William. D. Captain Phillips. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Prince Gerge and Princess Charltte, als bear fficial ryal titles because their father is Prince William. ”可知, 乔治王子和夏洛特公主也有官方的王室头衔, 因为他们的父亲是威廉王子。因此夏洛特的父亲是威廉王子。
8. What des the last paragraph mainly tell us? A. Any persn can break traditinal rules. B. Nt every persn must bey traditinal rules. C. Any British ryal family member has their wn title. D. Maybe the British ryal family will break their wn rules.
【解析】选D。主旨大意题。根据最后一段可知, 当然, 可能会有例外。女王过去曾向其他王室后代, 包括伊丽莎白女王女儿安妮的子女提供过HRH身份(注: HRH身份指的是王室身份中的王子或公主), 但是安妮公主和她的丈夫菲利普斯上尉拒绝了。也许夏洛特公主在自己的孩子出生后也会得到同样的待遇。因此最后一段主要告诉我们的是: 也许英国王室会打破自己的规矩让公主的孩子也可以享有正式的王室头衔。
【知识拓展】词汇积累ryal皇家的; prtcl协议; yur head is swimming头脑眩晕; bear fficial titles携带官方头衔; dictate决定; etiquette礼仪; make exceptins做出例外; ffspring后代
Ⅱ. 完形填空　　 It’d 　1　 been climbed by lcal and freign men, and lcal wmen, but a Western female, wh’d 　2　unaccmpanied and wanted t climb the muntain, was quite 　3　.   I explained that I’d been　 4　 fr sme time—in research and in physical strength—and shwed them the 　5　 I had gt frm their gvernment authrizing my climb. I stressed that I’d be very 　6　 t keep their lcal traditins and hire ne f their villagers as a guide, but it seemed t d little t reduce their 　7　.  
The male villagers tld me that the “quick mud” I’d meet wuld swallw me. While they culdn’t remember anyne this bad actually　8　, they seemed cnvinced it was a real 　9　. The village wmen, hwever, smiled at me, indicating their 　10　fr my climb.   The men　11　 relaying stries f unpredictable danger. Hwever, I was 　12　 because my aunt’s wrds kept 　13　 in my ears—the greatest risk is nt taking a risk, and we shuld always 　14　 ur dreams.  
Eventually, the men agreed t an 　15　 that seemed t put them at ease with my climb. Besides the lcal guide I’d hire, they als 　16　me t hire three guards with guns, fr prtectin.   As I started walking dwn the dirt path tward the muntain, I was 　17　 nt nly by my new muntain supprt team, but als by every village wman. They danced in circles arund us as if in 　18　f a victry.   I knew I wasn’t the first Western female t make the climb. But with the wmen villagers　19　 me, I felt a strng sense f 　20　. And I suspected they felt the same.  
【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。作者独自来到一个偏远的非洲村庄, 想要攀登附近的一座大山, 男村民们都极力反对, 不过女村民都表示支持。作者之所以下定决心是因为她姑姑的话一直在她耳边回响: 最大的风险是不去冒险, 我们要追随自己的梦想。最终, 男村民们也表示同意, 作者在村民们的欢呼中出发了。
1. A. frmallyB. surelyC. especiallyD. frtunately【解析】选B。我是一个西方女人, 作为一名外国来的女性想要爬这座山, 村民们不免感到担忧, 结合文章可知, 这座山肯定(surely)是当地的男性和女性以及外来的男性才攀登。
2. A. achievedB. wanderedC. explredD. arrived【解析】选D。结合上文a Western female 和空格后 unaccmpanied and wanted t climb the muntain 可知, 我作为一名西方女性, 在无人陪伴的情况下来到(arrive)这里, 并且想爬一座山。
3. A. rareB. typicalC. disgustingD. ridiculus【解析】选A。rare罕见的; typical典型的; disgusting厌恶的; ridiculus荒谬的。结合空格所在句中可知, 我作为一名西方的女性, 在无人陪伴的情况下想要爬这座山, 而以往爬山的都是本地的男性女性村民或者外来的男性, 因此可以推断出, 我一个西方女性独自爬这座山, 这是十分罕见的。
4. A. cnsultingB. attemptingC. preparingD. perating【解析】选C。结合空格所在句中 in research and in physical strength 可知, 我做了调查研究和体力方面的准备。5. A. rewardB. invitatinC. cmmandD. permit【解析】选D。结合空格所在句中 I had gt frm their gvernment authrizing my climb 可知, 我得到了他们政府的许可, 授权我攀登。
6. A. generusB. pleasedC. curiusD. satisfied【解析】选B。结合空格所在句中 keep their lcal traditins and hire ne f their villagers as a guide 可知, 保留他们当地的传统, 并聘请他们的一名村民作为向导, 这对我爬山是有利的, 因此我很乐意。
7. A. cncernsB. thrillsC. surprisesD. prblems【解析】选A。结合第三段第一句可知, 男村民告诉我, 我遇到的“快泥”将会把我吞没。由此可以看出, 即使我雇当地村民为向导, 也不能减轻他们对我的担忧。
8. A. led tB. appealed tC. happened tD. belnged t【解析】选C。 led t导致; appealed t呼吁; 恳求; happened t发生; belnged t属于。结合上文可知, 男村民们告诉我, 我遇到的“快泥”会把我吞没。这里表示转折, 意为然而他们记不起有谁真正发生过这么糟糕的事。
9. A. bargainB. dilemmaC. challengeD. pssibility【解析】选D。 bargain交易; dilemma困境; challenge挑战; pssibility可能性。结合空格所在句中 they seemed cnvinced it was a real 可知, 村民们似乎确信 quick mud 吞人是真的有可能。
10. A. fancyB. supprtC. praiseD. admiratin【解析】选B。结合空格所在句中 The village wmen, hwever, smiled at me 可知, 然而, 村里的妇女对我微笑, 并且转折表示与男人态度不一样, 所以这微笑显示了她们对我的支持(supprt)。
11. A. finishedB. enjyedC. cntinuedD. suggested【解析】选C。男村民们告诉我, 我遇到的“快泥”会把我吞没。由此可知, 男人们是不支持我去登山的。他们继续向我讲述不可预测的危险故事。12. A. determinedB. annyedC. delightedD. embarrassed【解析】选A。 determined坚决的; annyed恼怒的; delighted高兴的; embarrassed尴尬的。我姑姑的话一直在我耳边回响——最大的风险就是不冒险。由此可知, 由于姑姑的话语, 我下定了决心, 要冒险去爬这座山。
13. A. alarmingB. ringingC. breakingD. explding【解析】选B。结合空格所在句中 my aunt’s wrds kept. . . in my ears 可知, 姑姑的话语一直在我耳边回响, 表示对我的激励。14. A. bserveB. rememberC. chseD. fllw【解析】选D。结合空格所在句中 my aunt’s wrds kept ringing in my ears — the greatest risk is nt taking a risk 可知, 我姑姑的话一直在我耳边回响——最大的风险就是不冒险。所以姑姑是在鼓励我要追随梦想。
15. A. arrangementB. utcmeC. exchangeD. explanatin【解析】选A。结合下文可知, 除了我要雇的当地向导, 他们还希望我雇三个带枪的保镖来保护自己。可知, 村里做了另外的一项安排符合题意, 这项安排似乎让他们对我的攀登感到放心。16. A. warnedB. allwedC. wishedD. reminded【解析】选C。结合空格所在句中 hire three guards with guns, fr prtectin 可知, 村民们希望我去雇三个带枪的保镖来保护自己, 符合文意。
17. A. jinedB. expectedC. cmfrtedD. appreciated【解析】选A。结合空格所在句中 nt nly by my new muntain supprt team, but als by every village wman 可知, 我得到了登山支援小组和村里妇女的支持。因此加入的不仅是山地支援小组, 还有村里的妇女。18. A. defenseB. searchC. pssessinD. celebratin【解析】选D。结合空格所在句中的 a victry 可知, 我们好像是在庆祝胜利。in celebratin f 为固定搭配, 意为庆祝……。
19. A. helpingB. teachingC. accmpanyingD. prtecting【解析】选C。根据上文的by my new muntain supprt team, but als by every village wman. 可知, 和我一道的不仅有我新组成的登山支援小组, 还有这个村子里的所有女人。所以可推出, 这些女村民们陪着我。20. A. reliefB. accmplishmentC. justiceD. respnsibility【解析】选B。我知道我不是第一个攀登上的西方女性, 但是由于有这些女村民们陪伴我, 所以我感到一种强烈的成就感。
Ⅲ. 语法填空(2021·武汉模拟)阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 Tday, much f the wrld’s cean is still a mystery. Only 5 percent f it 1._________(explre) s far. In fact, we knw mre abut sme areas f Mars2.__________sme parts f the wrld’s cean. New technlgy, hwever, is helping scientists explre these 3._______(hide) wrlds. Fr example, scientists are using 4.________underwater vehicle called DeepSea t explre seamunts-underwater muntains.
Scientists have used DeepSea t study Las Gemelas, an area f seamunts near Csta Rica. A huge 5.________(vary) f species live arund Las Gemelas. Sme f these species may have chemicals 6.________can help peple fight illnesses.
The 7.________(deep) lcatin f the earth is the Mariana Trench in the Pacific Ocean. The cean flr there is apprximately 11, 000 meters deep. In 2012, filmmaker and explrer James Camern reached the Mariana Trench in a vehicle called DeepSea Challenger. He was the first 8.________(cmplete) the jurney alne. Camern tk 9.________(pht) and made vides n the cean flr. DeepSea explratin als helps us in ther ways. Fr example, we are learning hw underwater earthquakes cause tsunamis. As Camern says, “This is the 10.________ (begin) f pening up a new frntier. ”
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。世界上的大部分海洋仍然是个谜, 然而, 新技术正在帮助科学家探索这些隐藏的世界。文章介绍科学家对地球上最深的地方——太平洋的马里亚纳海沟的探索。
1. 【解析】has been explred。考查现在完成时的被动语态和主谓一致。句子主语是Only 5 percent f it, 单数第三人称, 和谓语动词explre之间是被动关系, 再根据s far“到目前为止”, 可知句子用现在完成时的被动语态。2. 【解析】than。考查连词than。根据mre可知此处是比较级。3. 【解析】hidden。考查过去分词作前置定语。此处wrlds和hide之间是被动关系, 是过去分词作前置定语。4. 【解析】an。考查不定冠词。此处underwater读音以元音音素开头, 前面加an表示“一种水下的工具”。
5. 【解析】variety。考查固定词组。a variety f“各种各样的”。所以此处用名词, 所给词vary是动词, 其名词形式是variety。6. 【解析】that/which。考查定语从句。此处chemicals是先行词, 指物, 放在后面的定语从句中作主语, 所以由that/which来引导定语从句。7. 【解析】deepest。考查形容词最高级。马里亚纳海沟是地球上“最深的”地方, 所以这里用形容词最高级。8. 【解析】t cmplete。考查动词不定式作后置定语。固定用法: the first (secnd. . . )t d sth. “做某事的第一(第二……)个……”。此处是动词不定式作后置定语。
9. 【解析】phts。考查名词复数。固定搭配: take phts“拍照”。10. 【解析】beginning。考查名词。分析句子结构the_________(begin) f可知the用在名词前面。 
阅读填句(2021·衡水模拟)　　Peple may have sme unclear memries f their childhd, but almst everyne will remember the beautiful princess and the cruel queen in Snw White, the inncent little girl and the greedy big gray wlf in Little Red Riding Hd. 　1　Fr example, “True lve can vercme anything”, and “Even a frg can turn int a prince”. Hwever, at a certain age, we start t learn new things abut life, particularly that lve desn’t always win, and that a frg is just a frg.  
　2　Just lk at animated films like The Lin King and Frzen, which have millins f fans yung and ld. And this year’s Lucerne Festival in Switzerland—a classical music festival—will als feature the themes f “Childhd” and “Fairy tales”.  
“Fairy tales endure because they are the stries f ur lives in their mst stripped dwn frm, ” wrte US authr Laura Packer. “They are stries f lve and lss, desire and death, riches and ruin. ”　3　But if children nly see just ne side f reality, adults usually see the ther. Fr example, in the mvie Maleficent, we’re tld the tale f Sleeping Beauty frm the perspective f the evil queen. 　4　Instead, she suffers great lsses grwing up, leading t the creatin f her “evil” side. And in US authr James Finn Gamer’s bk “Plitically Crrect Bedtime Stries ”, he tells the classic stry f “Little Red Riding Hd”, but with a mdern tuch.  
　5　They may usually start with “Once upn a time” but as we grw lder, we learn that every stry desn’t always need a “happily ever after” t be a gd ne.  A. Fairy tales are all abut reality. B. But smehw, ur lve fr fairy tales never dies. C. Mst f us get ur earliest life lessns frm fairy tales. D. The theme f fairy tales is t teach peple curage and kindness. E. Fairy tales have been adapted int versins suitable fr children. F. It lks like fairy tales aren’t just stries ur parents read us at bedtime.
G. Unlike the children’s versin f the stry, we see that the queen wasn’t brn evil. 【文章大意】文章主要介绍了人们可能对自己的童年有一些模糊的记忆, 但几乎每个人都会记得《白雪公主》中美丽的公主和残忍的皇后, 《小红帽》中无辜的小女孩和贪婪的大灰狼, 我们大多数人都是从童话故事中获得最早的人生经验。
1. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据前文“Peple may have sme unclear memries f their childhd, but almst everyne will remember the beautiful princess and the cruel queen in Snw White, the inncent little girl and the greedy big gray wlf in Little Red Riding Hd人们可能对自己的童年有一些模糊的记忆, 但几乎每个人都会记得《白雪公主》中美丽的公主和残忍的皇后, 《小红帽》中无辜的小女孩和贪婪的大灰狼。可知此处应填“我们大多数人都是从童话故事中获得最早的人生经验”。故选C。
2. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据下文“Just lk at animated films like The Lin King and Frzen, which have millins f fans yung and ld”看看像《狮子王》和《冰雪奇缘》这样的动画电影, 它们有数百万的年轻和年老的粉丝”。可知此处应填“但不知何故, 我们对童话的爱永不消逝”。故选B。3. 【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据前文“They are stries f lve and lss, desire and death, riches and ruin. ”它们是关于爱与失去、欲望与死亡、财富与毁灭的故事”。可知此处应填“童话都是关于现实的”。故选A。
4. 【解析】选G。推理判断题。根据前文Fr example, in the mvie Maleficent, we’re tld the tale f Sleeping Beauty frm the perspective f the evil queen例如, 在电影《沉睡魔咒》中, 我们从邪恶女王的角度讲述了睡美人的故事”。可知此处应填“与儿童版本的故事不同, 我们看到女王并非生来邪恶”。故选G。
5. 【解析】选F。推理判断题。根据下文They may usually start with“Once upn a time” but as we grw lder, we learn that every stry desn’t always need a “happily ever after” t be a gd ne他们通常会以“很久很久以前”开始, 但是随着我们年龄的增长, 我们知道并不是每一个故事都需要“从此幸福快乐”才能成为一个好故事。可知此处应填“看起来童话故事不仅仅是父母在睡前给我们讲的故事”。故选F。