英语人教版 (新课标)Unit 5 Nelson Mandel -- a modern hero同步测试题

Unit 5 Nelson Mandela-a modern hero课时作业

Learning about language

第一节　阅读理解

阅读下面的短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项。

A

For a long time, many people believed girls are at a disadvantage in the classroom, especially when it comes to some subjects，but the situation now in the classroom is different from that in the past. These days it seems that male students can't keep up with their female classmates.

Richard Whitmire, an education reporter and author of Why Boys Fail, says that the problem starts early. There are two signs of the change: there are much more aspirations(渴望) in female students in high schools, but male students don't have many. We can easily find these examples in colleges. There are more female students than male students in colleges. The number of female students is larger than that of male students in recent years.

What's behind the new change? There are a lot of reasons why boys fall behind in the classroom nowadays. Christina Hoff Sommers, writer of The War Against Boys, pointed out that classrooms were rebuilt to serve the needs of girls instead of boys. It is a dangerous action that has hurt boys. Less structured learning situations and less focus on marks and challenges are signs of a changing school. These will put boys in a harmful situation. Others consider that there are a lot of learning materials which boys are not interested in. The school lacks male teachers, and also many male students think they cannot have a good rest at school. So which of these is really behind the problem.

In his book, Richard Whitmire says, there are a lot of reasons. However, he argues that some of these may be the reasons for the problem, but there's one that is holding boys back.  “If you solve one important thing，” he says，“then you could solve the problem, and that is the literacy(读写能力) issue.”

1．From Paragraph 1 we know that________．

A．male students are always better than female students

B．female students used to be lazy in the classroom

C．male students often fall behind nowadays

D．female students were stronger in the past

2．Which of the following is NOT true of the changing school?

A．We can see fewer good female teachers in the school.

B．The schools don't have a good learning situation for the boy.

C．The schools pay less attention to marks and challenges.

D．Classrooms tend to serve the needs of the female students.

3．The purpose of the passage is mainly to________．

A．tell people a new kind of school

B．call on people to change the school situation

C．tell people that female students are more important

D．explain why the schools need more male teachers

4．In which column will you most probably read the article?

A．Science.　　　　　　　　B．Education.

C．Culture.                D．News.

语篇解读：近些年，我们经常听到这种声音：女生学习成绩越来越厉害了，男生明显有些落后。有些教育界人士还发出“拯救男生”的呼吁。

1．解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的“These days it seems that male students can't keep up with their female classmates.”可知，现在男孩要落后于他们同班的女孩。

答案：C

2．解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的“to serve the needs of girls instead of boys. It is a dangerous action that has hurt boys. Less structured learning situations and less focus on marks and challenges are signs of a changing school”可知，学校环境改变背后的因素，可找到相对应的B、C、D项。A项不符合。

答案：A

3．解析：推理判断题。根据第三段的“pointed out that classrooms were rebuilt to serve the needs of girls instead of boys.It is a dangerous action that has hurt boys”可知，作者认为这种学校的模式，仅仅满足了女孩，而没有考虑到男孩的需求，所以作者认为这是一种危险的行为，呼吁人们应该改变这种不合理的现状。

答案：B

4．解析：推理判断题。本文主要探讨了男女学生在学习上的差异及原因，和教育有关。

答案：B

B

The United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization says more than a billion tons of food is wasted each year. Much of that waste happens in wealthy nations, but it happens in developing countries, too.Though a lot of food is being wasted, hundreds of millions of people go to sleep hungry each day.

Danielle Nierenberg is the co­founder and president of Food Tank, an organization that studies food problems. Ms.Nierenberg says much of the food waste in the developing world is caused by poor infrastructure(基础设施), like bad roads. It is also because areas for storing food are too small.

In wealthy nations, food is wasted because people buy more than they can eat. Ms. Nierenberg also thinks dates that are printed on food containers have something to do with it. These dates tell buyers and sellers by what date the food should be sold or  eaten. She says these dates cause people to throw away food too soon.

Our journalist interviewed Ms. Nierenberg when she was in Milan, Italy. She was attending a yearly meeting. Officials at the meeting showed what they call the “Milan Protocol”. The document calls on international leaders and policymakers to improve food security.“It focuses not only on food waste，but also on creating better agriculture systems, as well as on unhealthy eating，” she said.

Ms. Nierenberg says the amount of food wasted each year shows that there is already enough food to feed the planet.“The problem of hunger in the world is not lack of food. We produce more than enough food for every man, woman and child to eat every day. It's poverty that prevents food from getting to people who need it most，” she said at the end of the interview.

5．What do we know about food waste from the passage?

A．Poor infrastructure is a big cause of it in wealthy countries.

B．It happens mainly because of the wrong way of storing food.

C．It is a problem not only in rich countries but also in poor countries.

D．More food is wasted in developing countries than in developed ones.

6．The meeting that Ms. Nierenberg attended in Milan，Italy is most probably about________．

A．people's security

B．children's health

C．poor infrastructure

D．food and healthy eating

7．In Ms. Nierenberg's opinion, many people around the world suffer hunger because________．

A．they don't work hard enough

B．they are probably too poor to get the food that they need

C．they don't have a good way to store food

D．they are unable to produce enough food for the planet

8．What is the best title for the passage?

A．Officials are Trying to Solve the Food Problems

B．More Food Needs to be Produced Around the World

C．Hundreds of Millions of People Suffer Hunger Each Day

D．More Than One Billion Tons of Food is Wasted Each Year

语篇解读：全世界有很多人在挨饿，并且很多粮食都被浪费掉了。

5．解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的“Much of that waste happens in wealthy nations, but it happens in developing countries, too.”可知，粮食浪费问题在发达国家和发展中国家都存在。

答案：C

6．解析：推理判断题。根据第四段的“It focuses not only on food waste，but also on creating better agriculture systems, as well as on unhealthy eating”可推断，那个会议是关于粮食和健康饮食的。

答案：D

7．解析：细节理解题。根据第五段的“It's poverty that prevents food from getting to people who need it most”可知，他们挨饿是因为得不到他们所需要的粮食。

答案：B

8．解析：主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知，主要是关于粮食浪费这个问题的，故选D做文章的标题最好。

答案：D

C

F．Scott Fitzgerald, born on September 24，1896, an American novelist, was once a student of St.Paul Academy, the Newman School and attended Princeton University for a short while.In 1917 he joined the army and was posted in Alabama, where he met his future wife Zelda Sayre.Then he had to make some money to impress her.

His life with her was full of great happiness, as he wrote in his diary：“My own happiness in the past often approached such joy that I could not share it even with the person dearest to me but had to walk it away in quiet streets and take down parts of it in my diary.”

This Side of Paradise, his first novel, was published in 1920.Encouraged by its success, Fitzgerald began to devote more time to his writing.Then he continued with the novel the Beautiful and Damned(1922), a collection of short stories Tales of the Jazz Age(1922),  and a play The Vegetable (1923). But his greatest success was The Great Gatsby，published in 1925, which quickly brought him praise from the literary world.Yet it failed to give him the needed financial  security. Then, in  1926, he published another collection of short stories All the Sad Young Men.

However, Fitzgerald's problems with his wife Zelda affected his writing.During the 1920s he tried to reorder his life, but failed.By 1930, his wife had her first breakdown and went to a Swiss clinic.During this period he completed novels Tender Is the Night in 1934 and The Love of the Last Tycoon in 1940.While his wife was in hospital in the United States, he got totally addicted to alcohol.Sheila Graham, his dear friend, helped him fight his alcoholism.

9．How many novels written by Fitzgerald are mentioned in the passage?

A．5.　　　　B．6.　　　　C．7.　　　　D．8.

10．We can infer from the passage that Fitzgerald______________.

A．had made some money when he met Zelda in Alabama

B．was well educated and well off before he served in the army

C．would have completed more works if his wife hadn't broken down

D．helped his friend get rid of drinking while his wife was in hospital

11．The passage is mainly about ________．

A．Fitzgerald's family and work

B．Fitzgerald's life and literary works

C．how Fitzgerald fell in love with Zelda

D．how Fitzgerald got addicted to alcohol

12．Which of the following is the correct order to describe Fitzgerald's life according to the passage?

a．He became addicted to drinking.

b．He studied at St.Paul Academy.

c．He published his first novel This Side of Paradise.

d．The Great Gatsby won high praise.

e．He failed to reorder his life.

f．He joined the army and met Zelda.

A．f－c－e－a－b－d      B．b－e－a－f－c－d

C．f－d－e－c－b－a      D．b－f－c－d－e－a

语篇解读：本文体裁为记叙文，主要讲述了著名美国文学家弗兰西斯·司各特·菲茨杰拉德的生平、生活及其重要作品。

9．解析：细节理解题。由文章中第三段的两处关键词novel和greatest success可知，他的小说有：This Side of Paradise，The Beautiful and Damned，The Great Gatsby(须排除两处干扰项的关键词collection of short stories短篇小说集)，第四段的第四句的关键词novels提到“Tender Is the Night and The Love of the Last Tycoon”，共计5篇小说。

答案：A

10．解析：推理判断题。由第四段第一句的“However，Fitzgerald's problems with his wife Zelda affected his writing”可知，Zelda和妻子间的问题影响到了他的创作。

答案：C

11．解析：主旨大意题。通过跳读和寻读可得知第一、二段主要讲述了菲茨杰拉德的生平、生活，第三段简介他的作品，第四段讲述了在他妻子生病、自己酗酒期间他完成了两部小说，由此得知本文主要讲述著名文学家菲茨杰拉德的生平、生活及其重要作品。

答案：B

12．解析：排序题。题干关键词为“correct order to describe Fitzgerald's life”可知，本题是要求考生把握事件发生的顺序。句子b和f在第一段，时间连接词分别为once和in 1917，句子c和d在第三段，时间连接词分别为in 1920和in 1925，句子e和a在第四段，时间连接词分别为during the 1920s和while his wife was in hospital。由此确定发生最早的是b项，最迟的是a项。

答案：D