高中英语人教版 (新课标)必修1&2Unit 1 Friendship课后练习题

必修一Unit 1 Friendship Using language课时作业

第一节  阅读理解

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

Though a trip through Beijing has plenty of historical architecture to offer, the city's skyline also holds many achievements of modem design. However, Beijing has spread out its contemporary landmarks throughout the city, making it difficult for architectural enthusiasts to visit all of them. Therefore, we decided to gather them all into one place. Here is our list of Beijing's most iconic （标志性的）modem buildings:

1. What's the purpose of writing this article?

A. To show how beautiful the city is.

B. To express the author's deepest love for Beijing.

C. To bring convenience to architectural fans.

D. To attract more people to come to our capital city.

2. We can find the nicknames of the following except______.

A. CITIC Tower B. National Stadium

C. CCTV Headquarters D. National Centre for the Performing Arts

3. Which of the following statements about Beijing's modern buildings is true?

A. The "Bird's Nest” was constructed for the 008 Winter Olympics.

B. CCTV Headquarters is one of only ten buildings in Beijing more than 00m tall.

C. National Centre for the Performing Arts is the largest theater building in the world.

D. CITIC tower is the biggest building in Beijing and the tenth tallest skyscraper worldwide.

B

Trees are “social creature" that communicate with each other in cooperative ways that hold lessons for humans, too, ecologist Suzanne Simard says. Simard grew up in Canadian forests as a child of loggers before becoming an ecologist. She's now a professor of forest ecology at the University of British Columbia.

Trees are linked to neighboring trees by a network of fungi （真菌）below the surface of the earth that resembles the nervous networks in the brain, she explains. In one study, Simard watched as a Douglas fir tree that had been injured by insects appeared to send chemical warning signals to a pine nearby. The pine tree then produced defense enzymes （酶）to protect against the insect.

“This was a breakthrough," Simard says. The trees were sharing ''information that actually is important to the health of the whole forest."

In addition to warning each other of danger, Simard says that trees have been known to share nutrients at critical times to keep each other healthy. She says the trees in a forest are often linked to each other via an older tree she calls a “mother" or "hub" tree.

“In connecting with all the trees of different ages, the mother trees can actually ease the growth of these young trees," she says. "The young trees will link into the network of the old trees and benefit from that huge resource capacity. And the old trees would also pass a little bit of carbon and nutrients and water to the young trees, at crucial times in their lives, that actually help them survive."

The study of trees took on a new resonance （共鸣）for Simard when she suffered from breast cancer. During her treatment, she learned that one of the medicines she relied on was actually obtained from what some trees produce for their own mutual defense. She explains her research on cooperation in the forest, and shares her personal story in the new book Finding the Mother Tree: Discovering the Wisdom of the Forest.

4. How could a Douglas fir tree send chemical warning signals to a pine nearby?

A. By an underground network of fungi.

B. By the nervous networks in the brain.

C. By making cooperation with each other.

D. By holding lessons to it as human beings.

5. According to Simard, what was a breakthrough?

A. Simard was-brought up in Canadian forests.

B. She became a professor of forest ecology.

C. The pine tree produced defense enzymes.

D. Vital information was shared among trees.

6. What helped Simard understand trees further?

A. Her rich knowledge of trees.

B. Her childhood in the forest.

C. Her medicine gained from trees.

D. Her research on cooperation.

7. In Simard's book we may discover the wisdom of the forest except.

A. communicating cooperatively

B. warning each other of danger

C. sharing nutrients at critical times

D. sacrificing mother trees for survival

C

An experimental device that turns thoughts into text has allowed a man who was left paralyzed （瘫痪）by an accident to construct sentences swiftly on a computer screen. The man was able to type with 95% accuracy just by imagining he was handwriting letters on a sheet of paper, a team reported Wednesday in the journal Nature.

“What we found, surprisingly, is that he can type at about 90 characters per minute," says Krishna Shenoy of Stanford University. The device would be most useful to someone who could neither move nor speak, says Dr. Jaimie Henderson, a professor at Stanford and co-director, with Shenoy, of the Stanford NPTL.

“We can also envision it being used by someone who can't move but wants to use email,” Henderson says, “or, say, a computer programmer who wants to go back to work.”

The idea of decoding （解码）the brain activity involved in handwriting is 'just impressive, says John Ngai, who directs the National Institutes of Health's BRAIN Initiative, which helped fund the research. "But it was only on one subject in a laboratory setting," Ngai says. "So at the moment it's a great example of proof of principle."

The man who agreed to test the device is unable to move his arms and legs as the result of an accident. A few years ago, the man agreed to take part in a study of an experimental system called BrainGate2. It allows people who are paralyzed to control computers and other devices using only their thoughts.

The system relies on devices surgically implanted （植入）near the part of the brain that controls movement. In previous studies, participants had learned to control a computer cursor （光 标）or robotic arm by imagining they were moving their hands.

This time, Henderson, Shenoy and a team of scientists had the man imagine he was writing individual letters by hand while a computer monitored the electrical activity in his brain. Eventually, the computer learned to decode the distinct pattern of activity associated with every letter of the alphabet as well as several symbols. Once that process is complete, Shenoy says, “We can determine if the letter you wrote is an A or a B or a C and then show on the screen and you're able to spell out words and sentences and so forth one letter at a

In previous experiments, participants had been able to use their thoughts to “point and click” at letters on a screen. But that approach was much slower than imagined handwriting. Also, because the new system relies on familiar thoughts, the participant was able to use it almost immediately.

8. By imagining handwriting, a person can type about                  correct characters per minute.

A. 43. B.45. C. 86. D. 90.

9. Which can replace the underlined word “envision“ in the third paragraph?

A. guide B. imagine C. suggest D. promote

10. What is John Ngai's attitude to the handwriting approach?

A. Favorable. B. Cautious. 

C. Ambiguous. D. Disapproving.

11. In order to spell out words, the participants should                       .

A. have the electrical activity in their brain monitored

B. first learn to take control of a computer cursor or robotic arm

C. be able to use their fake hands to "point and click" at letters on a screen

D. have devices implanted near the brain part controlling thinking

12. Which section of a website may this text appear?

A. Entertainment. B. Health. C. Education. D. Medicine.

参考答案

阅读理解

1-3 CAB   4-7ADCD      8-12 CBAAB