人教版 (新课标)必修1&2必修1Unit 4 Earthquakes习题

Unit 4 Earthquakes Grammar课时作业

第一节 单项选择

1. We have various summer camps for your holidays； you can choose          based on your own interests.

A. either    B. each    C. one    D. it

（C  句意：我们为你的假期准备了多种夏令营，你可以依照自己的兴趣爱好选择一个你喜欢的。one= a camp）

2. If you're buying today's paper from the stand, could you get          for me?

A. one    B. such    C. this    D. that

（A  句意：如果你去报摊上买今天的报纸，能给我捎一份吗？one用来代替上文提到的paper，相当于a copy of paper。）

3. It may not be a good suggestion. But before          is put forward, we'll make do with it.

A. a good one  B. a better one  C. the best one  D. a best one

（B  a better one = a better suggestion, 含有比较之意。)

4. Traditionally, college students hold a graduation ceremony to encourage themselves before they          on their life journey.

A. give up   B. settle down  C. get through  D. set off

（D  give up:放弃；settle down：定居,安顿;get through: 完成, 穿过；set off：动身,出发）

5. In much of the animal world, night is the time          for sleep—pure and simple.

A. set aside   B. set down   C. set off   D. set up

［A  set aside：空出来, 留出来, 攒起来；set down：把(思想、经历等)写下来, 记下；set off：动身,出发；set up：建立, 安排］

6. The traffic on the main streets has a longer green signal than          on the small ones.

A. one    B. this    C. that    D. it

（C  that指代的是the traffic, 不可数名词只能用that指代。)

7. To her joy, Della earned first the trust of her students and then          of her colleagues.

A. that    B. one    C. ones    D. those

（A  that指代的是the trust, 不可数名词只能用that指代。)

8. Half of          surveyed in 16 countries say they go first to their closest friend to share their deepest wishes and darkest fears.

A. these    B. some    C. ones   D. those

（D  根据语境, those所指应为the people who live in 16 countries, 为远称。故选D项。)

9.           his spelling, he has made many grammar mistakes in his workbook.

A. At the top of  B. On the top of  C. On top of  D. At top of

（C   句意:除了拼写,他作业本中还有许多语法错误。on top of: 除……之外)

10.          their cultures, Americans have taken over from the Indians many other things.

A. On behalf of     B. In praise of   

C. In possession of    D. On top of

（D   句意:除了文化之外,美国人还沿袭了印第安人的很多其他东西。on top of: 除……之外)

第二节：阅读理解

A

    The Sahara Festival is a celebration of the very recent past. The three-day event is not fixed to the same dates each year, but generally takes place in November or December. It is well attended by tourists, but even better attended by locals.

    During the opening ceremonies（仪式）, after the official greetings from the government leaders, people who attend the festival begin to march smartly before the viewing stands, and white camels（骆驼）transport their riders across the sands. Horsemen from different nations display their beautiful clothes and their fine horsemanship. One following another, groups of musicians and dancers from all over the Sahara take their turn to show off their wonderful traditional culture（传统文化）. Groups of men in blue and yellow play horns and beat drums as they dance in different designs. On their knees in the sand, a group of women in long dark dresses dance with their hair: their long, dark, shiny hair is thrown back and forth in the wind to the rhythm of their dance.

    The local and visiting Italian dogs are anxious to run after hares. The crowd is on its feet for the camel races. Camels and riders run far into the distance, and then return to the finish line in front of the cheering people.

    Towards the evening, there comes the grand finale of the opening day, an extremely exciting horserace. All the riders run very fast on horseback. Some riders hang off the side of their saddles. Some even ride upside down -- their legs and feet straight up in the air -- all at full speed. Others rush down the course together, men arm in arm, on different horses. On and on they went. SO fast and so wonderful!

 1. The Sahara Festival is a festival which________.

    A. has a very long history in North Africa

    B. is held in the same place on the same day

    C. is attended mainly by the people in the Sahara

    D. is celebrated mostly by travelers from different countries

  2. Before the races begin, ________ take part in the activities during the opening ceremonies.

    A. musicians, dancers, horses and hares

    B. camel riders, musicians, dogs and hares

    C. horsemen, dancers, camels and dogs

    D. musicians, officials, camels and horses

 3. The underlined word "finale" in the fourth paragraph most probably means the ________of the opening day.

    A. first part         B. middle          C. last part          D. whole

  4. This passage mainly tells readers_______.

    A. what happens on the opening day of the Sahara Festival

    B. how people celebrate during the three-day Sahara Festival

    C. what takes place at the closing ceremonies of the Sahara Festival

D. how animals race on the first and the last days of the Sahara Festival

【参考答案】CDCA

B

    Animals can move from place to place, but plants cannot. When an animal is under attack, it can run away or fight back. Plants certainly cannot run away, and they lack teeth and claws. But plants can defend themselves by using both physical and chemical means.

    Some plants have their own ways to keep animals away. For example, the leaves of the holly plant have sharp spines （刺） that discourage grass-eating animals. Holly leaves on lower branches have more spines than leaves on upper branches. This is because the lower leaves are easier for most animals to reach.

    Some plants, such as the oak tree, have thick and hard leaves that are difficult for animals to eat. Some grasses may contain a sandy material; eating such grasses wears down the animal's teeth.

    Many plants also have chemical defenses. Some plants produce chemicals that taste bitter or cause an unpleasant reaction. Some plants may fight against an attack by increasing the production of these chemicals. When a caterpillar （毛虫） bites a tobacco leaf, the leaf produces a chemical messenger. This messenger sends to the roots the information to produce more nicotine. The higher levels of nicotine discourage the caterpillar.

    Many plants depend on both physical and chemical defenses. A certain plant in China, for

instance, has prickly （多刺的） leaves, and each prickle contains poisonous venom （毒液）. A single experience with this kind of plant will teach an animal to stay away from it in the future.

  5. The holly plant has more spines on the lower leaves because most animals________.

    A. are not tall enough                    B. like the lower leaves only

    C. are not clever enough                  D. can get the lower leaves easily

  6. To defend themselves, oak trees use________.

    A. chemical means                       B. physical means

    C. bitter chemicals                     D. sandy materials

  7. How does tobacco protect itself against an attack from a caterpillar?

    A. Its leaves fight against the attack by physical means.

    B. Its roots send a messenger to discourage the caterpillar.

    C. Its roots increase the production of nicotine when it is attacked.

    D. Its leaves produce poisonous sand to drive the caterpillar away.

 8. What would be the best title for this passage?

    A. Plants and Animals                   B. How Plants Defend Themselves

C. Attacks and Defenses                 D. How Animals Eat Plant Leaves

【参考答案】DBCB

C

    The twentieth century saw greater changes than any century before: changes for the better, changes for the worse; changes that brought a lot of benefits（益处） to human beings, changes that put man in danger. Many things caused the changes, but, in my opinion, the most important was the progress in science.

    Scientific research in physics and biology has vastly broadened our views. It has given us a deeper knowledge of the structure（结构） of matter and of the universe; it has brought us a better understanding of the nature of life and of its continuous development. Technology —the application（应用） of science — has made big advances that have benefited us in nearly every part of life.

    The continuation of such activities in the twenty-first century will result in even greater advantages to human beings: in pure science -- a wider and deeper knowledge in all fields of learning; in applied science -- a more reasonable sharing of material benefits, and better protection of the environment.

    Sadly, however, there is another side to the picture. The creativity of science has been employed in doing damage to mankind. The application of science and technology to the development and production of weapons（武器） of mass destruction has created a real danger to the continued existence of the human race on this planet. We have seen this happen in the case of nuclear weapons. Although their actual use has so far occurred only in the Second World War, the number of nuclear weapons that were produced and made ready for use was so large that if the weapons had actually been used, the result could have been the ruin of the human race, as well as of many kinds of animals.

    William Shakespeare said, "The web of our life is of a mingled yarn （纱线）, good and ill together. ” The above brief review of the application of only one part of human activities – science — seems to prove what Shakespeare said. But does it have to be so? Must the ill always go together with the good? Are we biologically programmed for war?

  9. Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage?

  10. From the fourth paragraph, we can infer that________.

    A. a great many nuclear weapons were actually used for war

    B. a large number of nuclear weapons should have been used for war

    C. the author is doubtful about the ruin of human beings by nuclear weapons

    D. the author is anxious about the huge number of nuclear weapons on the earth

  11. The underlined word "mingled" in the last paragraph most probably means________.

    A. simple           B. mixed           C. sad               D. happy

  12. What do you think the author is most likely to suggest if he continues to write?

    A. Further application of science to war.

    B. More reading of William Shakespeare.

    C. Proper use of science in the new century.

    D. Effective ways to separate the good from the ill.

【参考答案】ADBD