英语必修1&2必修1Unit 5 Nelson Mandel -- a modern hero同步练习题

Unit 5 Nelson Mandela- a modern hero课时作业

Reading

www.ks5u.com第一节. 完形填空

Mary, 16, was suffering from cancer. As a father, Mitchell always stayed home to care for her. He said the __1___ left them financially worse off. Then a group called Growing Hope __2___ in with D|S1,800 to help with his living costs.

__3___， he wanted to pay it back. In his __4___， he had been a __5___.So at age 40, Mitchell participated in two fights in Fairfax. Mitchell was __6__ out in the first and second rounds, but he still __7___to raise D|S20,000 that he gave to Growing Hope. During this time, he __8___his daughter. And for six months, he did little but ___9___.

One day, Mitchell __10___ a Mark Twain quote — The two most important days in your life are the day you are born, and the day you __11___ why.“After I read that quote, I was going to spend the __12___ of my life helping kids with cancer and their families，” he said.

Mitchell found that__13___ could be a source to raise money. In the Corps Marathon, he cut a striking figure on the course. He __14___ each of the miles of the race to a different child with cancer. Years after his daughter's death, Mitchell now __15___up in the morning knowing his why.

语篇解读：Mitchell在女儿身患癌症期间得到“Growing Hope”的帮助，女儿去世后，处于悲恸中的Michell从马克·吐温的名言中找到动力，开始致力于帮助其他身患癌症的孩子。

1．A.atmosphere　　　　　　　 B．phenomenon

C．situation   D．poverty

解析：选C　根据空前的“As a father, Mitchell always stayed home to care for her”可知，因为Mary患有癌症，父亲Mitchell要待在家里照顾女儿。这种情况(situation)使得家庭经济状况变得越来越糟糕，故选C项。

2．A.brought   B．stepped

C．took   D．broke

 解析：选B　根据语境和下文可知，后来，一个名为“Growing Hope”的组织伸出援手(step in)，给了他1 800美元的生活费。

3．A.Grateful   B．Hopeful

C．Sorrowful   D．Helpful

解析：选A　根据第一段最后一句以及空后的“he wanted to pay it back”可知，Mitchell对这个组织非常感激(Grateful)。

4．A.life   B．reality

C．memory   D．youth

解析：选D　根据空后的“So at age 40” 和“fights”可知，在他年轻(youth)时，他是一个拳击手(boxer)。故选D。

5．A.runner   B．singer

C．boxer   D．fighter

解析：选C　参见上题解析。

6．A.knocked   B．sent

C．driven   D．put

解析：选A　根据下文内容可知，Mitchell在第一和第二回合被击倒，但他仍然设法成功地筹集了20 000美元。短语knock sb.out“击倒某人”。

7．A.managed   B．persuaded

C．failed   D．tried

解析：选A　参见上题解析。B项意为“劝说，说服”。

8．A.cured   B．accompanied

C．comforted   D．lost

解析：选D　根据下文“Years after his daughter's death”可知，这个时候，他失去(lost)了他的女儿。

9．A.regret   B．mourn

C．burst   D．work

解析：选B　根据上下文和常识可推知，当女儿去世后，父亲除了哀悼(mourn)几乎什么也不做。

10．A.came upon   B．agreed to

C．looked at   D．depended on

解析：选A　根据下文中的“After I read that quote”可知，Mitchell偶然(came upon)读到马克·吐温的一句名言。

11．A.consider   B．ask

C．discover   D．make

解析：选C　根据语境可知，人生中另外一个重要的日子是你发现(discover)自己为何出生。

12．A.forces   B．rest

C．energy   D．resources

 解析：选B　根据下文内容可知，Mitchell在剩下的(rest)人生里开始帮助那些患有癌症的孩子。故选B项。

13．A.funds   B．singing

C．running   D．projects

解析：选C　根据空后的“In the Corps Marathon”可知，Mitchell发现可以通过跑步来筹钱。故选C项。

14．A.ran   B．donated

C．competed   D．conveyed

解析：选B　此处表示Mitchell把比赛的每一分钱都捐给(donated)了身患癌症的孩子们。故选B项。

15．A.stands   B．goes

C．wakes   D．climbs

解析：选C　根据空后的“in the morning”可推知，此处表示在早晨醒来的时候，故选C项。

tips 完形填空之利用前后语境解题

近几年高考英语完形填空题的最大特点是注重考查语境理解。所谓语境，就是指文章上下文之间的联系，它包括文章语气的一致性、意思的连贯性、表述的合理性、论证的逻辑性等。正因为完形填空题主要考查考生对语境的理解能力，所以空格的前后多有暗示(后文暗示前文的居多)。考生在做题时，一定要从整体上把握文章的内容，弄清文章的结构和文章的内在逻辑关系，结合语境辨析所给选项，从中选出最符合语境的选项。

例如上文第3题，结合上下文可知“Growing Hope”这个组织对Mitchell给予了帮助，故第3题要填Grateful，表示他对这个组织非常感激。

第二节. 阅读七选五

Have you ever noticed that when your friend likes something, you like it, too. It's the situation of “Love me, love my dog.”   1   A new study has found that friends can affect each other in both positive and negative ways.

Smoking can be influential among friends. 15 years ago, it seemed that everyone I knew smoked.   2   Smoking is forbidden in offices, restaurants, and other public places. Smokers and nonsmokers don't hang out with each other as much. So, if you're a smoker, keep in mind that if you quit, your friends are likely to follow suit. And if you don't smoke, be nice to that guy in the office smoking outside. Maybe you can pass your healthy habit to him.

Donation can be affected by friends.  3   In one Stanford study of a corporate donation program to the United Way, people gave more money when their desks were closer to those of bigger donors. And now, the new study shows how being generous to good friends can set off a domino (多米诺) effect.

  4   Experts have found that having a first­degree friend who is happy increases your possibility of happiness by 15 percent. If that friend lives less than a mile away, the effect goes up to 25 percent. When you have a third­degree friend who is happy, your possibility of being happy increases by a larger percent.  5 

A．So go out and make a happy friend.

B．Being happy makes you extremely attractive.

C．Levels of happiness can be influenced among friends.

D．When your friend hates something, you also hate it.

E．Try not to hang out with smokers if you are a nonsmoker.

F．80 percent of people gave away things because of people around.

G．However, the changes in the culture have made smoking less acceptable.

语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。朋友之间会相互影响。一项新的研究发现，朋友之间的相互影响既有积极的一面，也有消极的一面。

1．选D　根据空前一句可知，当你的朋友喜欢某样东西时，你也喜欢它。这是一种“爱屋及乌”的情况。根据空后一句可知，一项新的研究发现，朋友之间的相互影响既有积极的一面，也有消极的一面。承上启下，D项(当你的朋友讨厌某事时，你也讨厌它。)切题，故选D项。

2．选G　根据空前一句可知，15年前，我认识的人似乎都抽烟。根据后文“Smoking is forbidden ... out with each other as much.”可知，办公室、餐厅和其他公共场所禁止吸烟。吸烟者和不吸烟者彼此不常出去玩。结合上下文可知大家对吸烟的接受程度情况发生了变化， G项(然而，文化的变化使吸烟越来越不能被接受。)能够解释这一点，故选G项。

3．选F　根据上文“Donation can be affected by friends.”可知，捐款会受到朋友的影响。根据空后一句可知，斯坦福大学(Stanford)一项针对联合基金会(United Way)企业捐赠项目的研究发现，当人们的办公桌离捐钱多的人的办公桌更近时，他们会捐出更多的钱。承上启下，F项(80%的人因为周围的人而捐东西。)切题，故选F项。

4．选C　根据后文“Experts have found ... the effect goes up to 25 percent.”可知，专家发现，拥有一个快乐的一级朋友，你快乐的可能性会增加15%。如果那个朋友住的地方离你不到一英里，这种影响就会上升到25%。承接下文，C项(朋友之间的快乐程度会受到影响。)切题，故选C项。

5．选A　根据上文可知，朋友之间的快乐程度会受到影响，你的朋友越快乐，你快乐的可能性越高。A项(所以，走出去，交一个快乐的朋友。)符合语境，故选A项。

第三节. 语法填空

The   1   (express) “keeping up with the Joneses” was first used in 1913 by a young American called Arthur Momand. He began earning D|S125 a week at the age of 23,  was a lot of money in those days. He and his wife moved to a very   3   (wealth) neighborhood outside New York City. When he saw that rich people rode horses, Momand went   4   (ride) every day. When he saw that rich people had servants, Momand also hired a servant and gave big   5   (party) for their new neighbors.

It was like a race,   6   the race ended when they could no longer pay for their new way of life. They moved back to   7   apartment in New York City.

Momand looked around him and noticed that many people did all they could   8   (keep) up with rich lifestyle of their neighbors. He called it “keeping up with the Joneses” because “Jones” is a very common name in the United States. He saw the funny side of it and started to write a series of short stories. The stories   9   (sell) well and gradually “keeping up with the Joneses” became an idiom   10   (common) used by many people.

语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。在英语中，keeping up with the Joneses意为“与他人攀比”。本文讲述了这个表达的由来。

1．expression　考查名词。空格中所填单词在句中作主语，需用express的名词形式。“keeping up with the Joneses”为expression的同位语。

2．which　考查定语从句。此处为关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句，which指代先行词D|S125 a week，并在从句中作主语。

3．wealthy　考查形容词。空格中所填单词在句中作定语，修饰名词neighborhood，故用wealth的形容词形式。

4．riding　考查固定搭配。go riding意思是“去骑马”。

5．parties　考查名词复数。此处party意为“派对”，是可数名词。因为big前没有冠词，所以party需用复数形式。

6．but　考查连词。句意：这就像是一场赛跑，但是这场赛跑最终以Momand 夫妇不再能够负担起这种新生活方式而结束。本空前后两句为转折关系，故用but。

7．an　考查冠词。这里泛指纽约市的一家公寓，故用不定冠词an。

8．to keep　考查非谓语动词。此处为动词不定式作目的状语。

9．sold　考查动词的时态和语态。这里是描述过去的事，用一般过去时。sell well意思是“畅销”，无被动语态。

10．commonly　考查副词。空格中所填单词在句中修饰动词used, 需用副词形式，故填commonly。

tips 语法填空之提示词为动词(1)

第一步：分析句子结构，确定句中是否缺少谓语。如果缺少谓语动词，则是考查动词的时态或语态。

第二步：看主语与谓语之间是主动关系还是被动关系，以确定用主动语态还是被动语态，同时还要根据语境考虑用哪种时态，同时要注意主谓一致。

第三步：如果动词不作谓语的话就要考虑在句子中的成分。

例如上文第8题，学生容易直接使用keep，因为情态动词后面用动词原形，但实际上，如果读懂此句就不难发现这里是使用动词不定式作目的状语。