高考英语一轮复习语法知识贯通专题一动词的时态语态和主谓一致训练2含解析

这是一份高考英语一轮复习语法知识贯通专题一动词的时态语态和主谓一致训练2含解析，共12页。试卷主要包含了动词的时态、语态和主谓一致等内容，欢迎下载使用。

题组1 限时模拟
1.[2021四省八校开学考,62]A century ag, when night-time (fall), the dark arrived. Things are different tday.
2.[2021山东威海期中,37]Friendship is ne f life’s greatest gifts,and it (value)in bth Eastern and Western cultures.
3.[2021湖南五市十校联考,63]Nine spacecrafts (send) t study Jupiter by nw.
4.[2021北京朝阳区期中,18]If ne persn breaks the rules, mre peple (fllw) him and d what they want.
5.[2021山西太原质量监测, 67]China launched a campaign against fd waste in 2013 and (renew) the call early this year t create an increasingly prsperus sciety.
6.[2021四川绵阳一诊, 64]With the last satellite launched frm the Xichang Satellite Launch Center n June 23, the glbal netwrk f 59 satellites (cmplete) since then.
7.[2021湖北部分重点中学联考, 61]It is a landscape full f deep blues and shadws which represent the sadness Van Ggh was feeling as he (paint), rather than what he was actually seeing.
8.[2021上海师大附中期中,28]The white settlers and American Indians lived in peace at the beginning,but cnflicts finally
(arise)and led t the Indian War(1866-1890).
9.[2021贵州贵阳摸底考试, 65]Like Chinese music, African music is very rhythmic — each instrument (tell) its wn stry, makes yu a part f it and takes yu n a different jurney.
10.[2021河南洛阳统一考试, 68]Xin Xing (a female panda), brn in Sichuan Prvince in 1982, (rescue) in the wild and sent t Chngqing Z in 1983.
11.[2021浙江五校联考, 63]Casey tld the rescuers that he (hang)ut with a black bear fr tw days, a bear he called his "friend".
12.[2021山东烟台期中,37]In the past many years, the giant panda (drive)ut f the lwland areas where it nce lived as a result f farming, defrestatin and ther develpment.
13.[2021山东潍坊阶段性监测, 56]I was als a c-funder f the website Mther Nature Netwrk, which
(integrate) int Treehugger the ther day.
14.[2021哈尔滨部分学校第一次考试,68]"An Mia"(meaning seedling prtectin) is a traditinal farming activity f suthern Anhui prvince that (practice)since the early Ming dynasty(1368-1644).
15.[2020湖北八校第一次联考,62]Children yunger than 12 (allw) nly t play the game fr a maximum f ne hur a day, and after 9 pm, they wuld be banned frm lgging n(登录),said Tencent.
16.[2020江西南昌重点中学段考,62]Pwer walking ffers many benefits. Walking at a quick pace f 4 mph (burn) arund 300 calries per hur.
17.[2020江苏扬州期中调研,33]Nw China (push) fr a larger rle in glbal ecnmic plicy-making.
18.[2020山东省实验中学阶段性检测,43]This was the first time Gerge (feel) accepted by the peple arund him.
题组2 精选真题
1.[2020全国Ι,67 & 68]"This really excites scientists,"Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brwn University, says, "because it (mean) we have the chance t btain infrmatin abut hw the mn (cnstruct)."
2.[2020全国Ш,63]The artist was sure he wuld (chse), but when he presented his masterpiece t the emperr’s chief minister, the ld man laughed.
3.[2020浙江,59]And, as mre children were brn, mre fd (need).
4.[2020北京,4]Single-use plastic bags are used at mst a few times befre they (thrw) away.
5.[2020江苏,26]Instead f getting dwn t a new task as I (expect), he examined the previus wrk again.
6.[2020天津,2]—Yu are a great swimmer.
—Thanks. It’s because I (practise)a lt these days.
7.[2019浙江,62]One study in America fund that students’ grades (imprve) a little after the schl intrduced unifrms.
8.[2019北京,1]On the first day f my first (vice) my biggest cncern t my mther, "Hw will I make friends?"
9.[2019江苏,33]They are trying t make sure that 5G terminals (install)by 2022 fr the Beijing Winter Olympics.
10.[2019江苏,22]The musician alng with his band members (give)ten perfrmances in the last three mnths.
11.[2019天津,8]Amy, as well as her brthers, (give)a warm welcme when returning t the village last week.
12.[2018全国Ι,64]While running regularly can’t make yu live frever, the review says it (be) mre effective at lengthening life...
13.[2018全国Ш,69]When the grillas and I frightened each ther, I was just... True t a grilla’s unaggressive nature, the huge animal (mean) me n real harm.
14.[2018北京,7]China’s high-speed railways (grw)frm 9,000 t 25,000 kilmeters in the past few years.
15.[2018江苏,31]Hpefully in 2025 we will n lnger be e-mailing each ther, fr we (develp)mre cnvenient electrnic cmmunicatin tls by then.
16.[2018北京,9]A rescue wrker risked his life saving tw turists wh (trap) in the muntains fr tw days.
17.[2018天津,13]My washing machine (repair)this week, s I have t wash my clthes by hand.
18.[2017甲卷(全国Ⅱ),68]Later, engineers (manage) t cnstruct railways in a system f deep tunnels (隧道), which became knwn as the Tube.
19.[2017丙卷(全国Ш),43]Sarah (tell) that she culd be Britain’s new supermdel, earning a millin dllars in the next year.
20.[2017浙江,62]Pahlssn and her husband (search) the kitchen, checking every crner,but turned up nthing.
21.[2017北京,33]Peple have better access t health care than they used t, and they (live) lnger nw as a result.
22.[2017乙卷(全国Ι),64]When fat and salt (remve) frm fd, the fd tastes as if it is missing smething.
23.[2017甲卷(全国Ⅱ),65]Steam engines (use) t pull the carriages...
24.[2017北京,29]In the 1950s in the USA, mst families had just ne phne at hme, and wireless phnes (invent) yet.
25.[2017江苏,27]He hurried hme, never nce lking back t see if he (fllw).
26.[2017天津,6]Nwadays, cycling, alng with jgging and swimming, (regard) as ne f the best all-rund frms f exercise.
27.[2017江苏,24]The publicatin f Great Expectatins, which (be) bth widely reviewed and highly praised, strengthened Dickens’ status as a leading nvelist.
28.[2016浙江,9]Silk (becme) ne f the primary gds traded alng the Silk Rad by abut 100 BC.
29.[2016乙卷(全国Ι),62]S it was a great (allw) t get up clse t these cute animals at the 600-acre centre.
30.[2016北京,30]The students have been wrking hard n their lessns and their effrts (reward) with success in the end.
31.[2016丙卷(全国Ш),62]Truly elegant chpsticks might (make) f gld and silver with Chinese characters.
32.[2016甲卷(全国Ⅱ),63]Leaving the less imprtant things until tmrrw (be) ften acceptable.
33.[2016丙卷(全国Ш),69]Cnfucius believed knives wuld remind peple f killings and (be) t vilent fr use at the table.
A专项语篇型填空(动词的时态、语态和主谓一致)
There 1 (be) a new mdern art exhibitin dwntwn fr the last three days, which 2 (clse) this cming Sunday. Having gt tw tickets fr it, I 3 (cnsider) inviting my friend Tny t g alng with me. I knw that he 4_ (finish) his paper by Sunday and can affrd the time.
He nce 5 (tell) me that he liked mdern art, s I think he will be interested in this exhibitin. Just this mrning, when I entered my ffice, my clleagues 6 (talk) abut it, and sme f them said they 7 (g) t see it already. The exhibitin 8 (hld) in ten mre big cities in America after it ges t San Francisc next week.
I’ve just called Tny and he has agreed t g with me, saying that he 9 (lk) frward t ging t an exhibitin fr mnths. I will call fr him this Sunday. I’ll g hme fr lunch nw, as I 10 (starve).
B语法填空
[2020湖北黄冈高三检测]Hneybee ppulatins in the United States 1 (decrease) dramatically ver the decades. And a new study suggests that a certain kind f pesticide culd be making things 2 (bad).
The number f hneybees hasn’t changed much ver the past few years, but the verall picture desn’t lk gd fr an insect that plays 3 imprtant rle in ur fd supply. Scientists dn’t knw fr sure 4 this is happening. Pesticides and parasites (寄生虫)are the mst suspected reasns, accrding t a study recently published in a scientific jurnal. One suggests that nenictinids, types f pesticides that 5 (use) arund the wrld, are incredibly pisnus t hneybees and ther insects. Part f the reasn fr that is that these pesticides appear 6 (stick) arund in the envirnment and stay dangerus fr a lng perid f time.
Thugh they’re deadly t insects, nenictinids are nt cnsidered dangerus t humans. An nging challenge 7_ farmers is finding ways t keep ther insects away while 8 (prtect)bees. Pesticides may nt discriminate the insects they kill, thugh nenictinid makers say the risk t bees is lwer when they are used prperly. The U.S. Department f Agriculture says it’s 9 (likely) that there’s ne magic 10 (slve) t the prblem, but there are a number f rganizatins trying t help hneybees.
答 案
专题一 动词的时态、语态和主谓一致
题组1 限时模拟
1.fell 根据时间状语"A century ag"可知,此处描述的是过去的事情,应用一般过去时,故填fell。注意fall为不规则变化动词,其过去式为fell,过去分词为fallen。
2.is valued 句意:友谊是生命中最重要的礼物之一,东西方文化都重视友谊。根据前一分句中的"is"可知,此处应用一般现在时,且it与value为被动关系,用一般现在时的被动语态,主语为单数形式,故填is valued。
3.have been sent 根据时间状语by nw可知,此处应用现在完成时; 且谓语动词与主语为被动关系,所以此处用现在完成时的被动语态。
4.will fllw 句意:如果一个人违反了规则,更多的人会跟着他做他们想做的事。此处为主将从现,从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时,主句用一般将来时。故填will fllw。
5.renewed 分析句子结构可知,空处在句中作并列谓语,根据and前面的谓语动词"launched"和时间状语"early this year"可知,空处应用一般过去时,填renewed。
6.has been cmpleted 根据时间状语"since then"可知,此处应用现在完成时;主语the glbal netwrk与cmplete为被动关系,应用被动语态;且主语为单数形式,故填has been cmpleted。
7.was painting 句意:这是一幅充满深蓝和阴影的风景画,代表着梵高绘画时感到的悲伤,而不是他实际看到了什么。根据句意可知,此处表示"正在绘画的时候",应用过去进行时,主语为he,所以填was painting。
8.arse 根据时间状语(1866-1890)可知,事情发生在过去,应用一般过去时。故填arse。
9.tells 空处与makes和takes并列作句子的谓语, 应用一般现在时; 且空处所在句表示"每种乐器都在讲述自己的故事",由此可知应用主动语态,主语"each instrument"为单数形式,故此处填tells。
10.was rescued 根据句中的时间状语"in 1983"可知,空处应用一般过去时;且此处表示"大熊猫被救",应用被动语态;且主语Xin Xing为单数概念,故应填was rescued。
11.had hung 分析句子结构可知,此处作宾语从句的谓语,根据主句中的tld和从句时间状语fr tw days可知,此处需要用过去完成时;又此处表示和一头黑熊在一起,应用主动语态,所以空处填had hung。注意hang为不规则变化动词,过去式和过去分词都是hung。
12.has been driven 根据时间状语"In the past many years"可知,此处应用现在完成时;此处表示"大熊猫从低地区域被赶走",表示被动,应用被动语态;主语为单数形式,故空处应填has been driven。
13.was integrated 分析句子结构可知,此处在which引导的定语从句中作谓语,结合时间状语the ther day可知,本句时态应该用一般过去时;此处表示Mther Nature Netwrk被整合到Treehugger,故此处用被动语态;而which指代Mther Nature Netwrk,为第三人称单数,所以填was integrated。
14.has been practiced 分析句子结构可知,空处作定语从句的谓语,根据从句的时间状语"since the early Ming dynasty(1368-1644)"可知,空处应用现在完成时;安苗活动是被举行的,表示被动;定语从句的先行词为单数概念,故从句的谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填has been practiced。
15.wuld be allwed 根据语境并分析句子结构可知,allw是所在分句的谓语,和所在分句的主语构成被动关系;又根据第二个分句中的"wuld be banned"可知,此处应用过去将来时,所以填wuld be allwed。
16.burns Walking at a quick pace f 4 mph是动词-ing短语作主语,谓语动词要用单数形式;本句陈述的是客观情况,所以用一般现在时,故填burns。
【知识储备】 单个的动词-ing(短语)、不定式(短语)以及从句作主语时,谓语动词通常用单数。
17.is pushing 句意:中国正在争取在全球经济决策中发挥更大作用。由句意及Nw可知,应用现在进行时,填is pushing。
18.had felt 句意:这是乔治第一次感受到被周围的人认可。This was the first time that...句型中,that从句应使用过去完成时。故填had felt。
题组2 精选真题
1.means;is cnstructed 第一空根据前后文时态可知,本句应用一般现在时,主语是it,故谓语动词用means。第二空表示"月球是如何构成的",mn与cnstruct之间是被动关系,应用被动语态,且此处描述的是客观情况,故填 is cnstructed。cnstruct vt.建造,构建。
2.be chsen 这位画家确信自己肯定会被选中。由wuld可知,此处用被动语态be chsen。
3.was needed 结合句意"出生的孩子越多,需要的粮食就越多"可知,mre fd与need构成被动关系,且从句时态为一般过去时,故填was needed。
4.are thrwn 句意:一次性塑料袋在扔掉之前最多使用几次。由are可知,应该用一般现在时,主语they(Single-use plastic bags )和谓语动词thrw之间是被动关系,应用一般现在时的被动语态,且谓语动词用复数形式。故填are thrwn。
5.had expected 句意:他没有像我所期望的那样着手做新任务, 而是又检查了一遍以前的工作。根据句意可知,"我期望"这一动作发生在过去的过去,应用过去完成时,故填had expected。
6.have been practising 结合Yu are a great swimmer这个细节,再根据空后的时间状语these days可知,此处需要用现在完成进行时,表动作的持续。即正因为"我这些天来一直在练习游泳,所以才游得这么好"。
7.imprved 分析句子结构可知,fund后是that引导的宾语从句,且从句中缺少谓语动词,同时,根据主句谓语动词fund和宾语从句中的after the schl intrduced可知,此处应用一般过去时,故填imprved。
8.viced 根据时间状语"On the first day f my first grade"可知,此处叙述的是一年级第一天发生的事,所以应该用一般过去时。
9.will have been installed 根据后面的时间状语by 2022可知,空处应用将来完成时。动词install 和 5G terminals之间是被动关系,故空处应用将来完成时的被动语态。
10.has given 句意:这位音乐家和他的乐队成员在过去的三个月里进行了10场表演。根据时间状语in the last three mnths 可知,句子应用现在完成时;alng with连接两个名词作主语时,谓语动词应与alng with前的名词在人称和数上保持一致,故填has given。
11.was given 句意:上周埃米和她的兄弟们回到村庄时受到了热烈的欢迎。根据时间状语last week可知,应用一般过去时;此处表示"受到了热烈的欢迎",应用被动语态;as well as连接两个并列成分作主语时,谓语动词应与as well as前的成分在人称和数上保持一致,故此处应用单数形式。
12.is 此处是对客观情况的描述,应用一般现在时;分析句子结构可知,says后的宾语从句缺少谓语动词,又因主语是it,故填is。
13.meant 空处所在句句意:这头庞然大物对我没有真正的恶意,这与大猩猩没有攻击性的天性相符。根据前文中的"frightened""was"可知,此处叙述的是过去的事情,故应用一般过去时。
14.have grwn 句意:在过去的几年中,中国的高速铁路已经从9 000千米增加到25 000千米。根据句中的时间状语"in the past few years"可知,此处应用现在完成时。
15.will have develped 句意:2025年,我们有望不再互相发电子邮件,因为到那时我们将已经开发更加便利的电子通讯工具。根据句中的时间状语in 2025与by then可知,空处应用将来完成时。
16.had been trapped 句意:一名救援人员冒着生命危险救出了两名被困在山里两天的游客。分析句子结构可知,空处在定语从句中作谓语,且trap与先行词turists之间为动宾关系,此处应用被动语态;又因为此处表示在过去动作risked his life之前完成的动作,即"过去的过去",所以用过去完成时的被动语态。
17.is being repaired 句意:这个星期我的洗衣机在维修,因此我不得不用手洗衣服。语境表示现阶段正在进行的动作,而且washing machine与repair为动宾关系,故此处应用现在进行时的被动语态。
18.managed 因为engineers与manage之间为主谓关系,而且是发生在过去的事情,所以填managed。
19.has been tld/was tld 此处动词tell与Sarah之间是被动关系,根据语境可知此处可以用现在完成时表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响,且主语为第三人称单数,故可填has been tld。此外,"被告知"这件事情发生在过去,故也可填was tld。
20.searched 结合后面的"turned up"及语境可知,此处应用一般过去时表示发生在过去的动作,故填searched。
21.are living 句意:人们现在的医疗保健比过去更便捷,所以现在人们更长寿。根据题干中的时间状语nw并结合语境可判断,这里应用现在进行时,叙述当前的情况。
22.are remved 结合句中的"tastes"可知应用一般现在时;fat and salt是动词remve的承受者,应用被动语态。所以此处填are remved。
23.were used 结合常识可知,蒸汽机是过去的东西,而且Steam engines与use之间为被动关系,故用一般过去时的被动语态。故填were used。
24.hadn’t been invented 句意:20世纪50年代,美国大多数家庭只有一部电话,那时无线电话还没有被发明出来。根据句意以及句中的关键词"In the 1950s"和yet可知,空处用过去完成时;且wireless phnes是动词invent的承受者,所以此处用过去完成时的被动语态。
25.was being fllwed 句意:他匆匆回家,一次也没有回头看看是否正被跟踪。根据"hurried"及句意可知,本题应该用过去进行时的被动语态。
【易错点拨】 本题易误填had been fllwed,错误的原因是没有弄清楚动作的先后顺序。had been fllwed是过去完成时的被动语态,但语境表明,跟踪的动作并未早于主句的动作发生,因此不能填had been fllwed。
26.is regarded 句意:如今,与慢跑和游泳一样,骑自行车被看作最好的全面运动形式之一。本句谓语与主语之间是被动关系,表示"被看作",应该用被动语态;句子主语部分是A alng with B结构,因此谓语动词应在人称和数上与A保持一致,即用单数形式。再由Nwadays可知应用一般现在时,故is regarded。
27.was 分析句子结构可知,which指代Great Expectatins这本书, 故定语从句中的谓语动词应用单数形式;根据句中的strengthened可知,应用一般过去时。故填was。
28.had becme 句意:到大约公元前100年,丝绸已经成为丝绸之路上主要的交易商品之一。根据句意及"by abut 100 BC"可知,becme的动作发生在过去的过去,故用过去完成时。
29.was allwed 分析句子结构可知,主语I与动词allw之间存在被动关系,故应用被动语态;且前一句的"was"表明此处应用一般过去时,故填was allwed。
30.will be rewarded 句意:学生们一直在努力学习功课,他们的努力最终会获得成功。语境说学生一直在努力学习(have been wrking hard),由此可知本空描述的是将来的动作,应该用一般将来时;reward与their effrts 之间为动宾关系,因此这里应用一般将来时的被动语态。
31.be made 此处指真正雅致的筷子可能是由带有汉字的金和银做成的。make与句子主语Truly elegant chpsticks之间是动宾关系,又由空前的"might"可知,此处应填be made。
32.is 此处是说把不太重要的事情留到明天通常是可以接受的。分析句子结构可知,该句的主语为动名词短语"Leaving the less imprtant things until tmrrw",故谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式,再结合句意和空后的"ften"可知,此处叙述的是客观情况,应用一般现在时。故填is。
33.were 根据句中的"believed"可知,此处应用一般过去时;believed后的宾语从句的主语为knives,谓语动词应用复数。故填were。
A专项语篇型填空(动词的时态、语态和主谓一致)
本文讲述了作者准备邀请好友一起去看一个展览的事情。
1.has been 考查现在完成时。句中的时间状语"fr the last three days"是现在完成时的标志,故填has been。
2.will/is ging t clse; is clsing 考查一般将来时或现在进行时表将来。根据时间状语"this cming Sunday"可知这里用一般将来时,或用现在进行时表示将来。
3.am cnsidering 考查现在进行时。从语境看,作者买了票,现在正在考虑邀请托尼去看展览,因此用现在进行时表示当前正在进行的动作。
4.will have finished 考查将来完成时。句中的时间状语表明这里说的是对持续到将来的某种情况的推测,用将来完成时。等到星期天的时候,他的论文就已经完成了。
5.tld 考查一般过去时。根据句中的状语nce判断,此处应用一般过去时,表示过去的动作。
6.were talking 考查过去进行时。语境表示"当我进办公室时,我的同事们正在谈论这个展览",应该用过去进行时表示过去某个时候正在进行的动作。
7.had gne 考查过去完成时。主句使用了一般过去时,此时宾语从句的时态与主句呼应,用过去完成时,表示在过去某一时刻之前已经发生的动作。
8.will be held 考查一般将来时的被动语态。此处叙述的是将来的事情,应用一般将来时,且主语与hld之间是被动关系,应用一般将来时的被动语态。
9.has been lking 考查现在完成进行时。时间状语fr mnths表明这里要用现在完成进行时表示较长时间里一直在做某事。
10.am starving 考查现在进行时。这里表示作者此时很饿,用现在进行时表示当前正在发生的动作。
B语法填空
几十年来,美国蜜蜂的数量一直在大幅减少。一项新的研究表明,某种杀虫剂可能会令情况进一步恶化。
1.have decreased/have been decreasing 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。时间状语ver the decades常与完成时连用;再结合语境可知,该句应用现在完成时或现在完成进行时;由该句主语Hneybee ppulatins可知,谓语动词应用复数形式,故填have decreased或have been decreasing。
2.wrse 考查形容词的比较级。上文提到几十年来,美国蜜蜂的数量一直在大幅减少,此处表示某种杀虫剂可能会使情况变得更糟。故填wrse。
3.an 考查冠词。play a rle in…意为"在……中起作用",rle是可数名词,其定语imprtant的发音以元音音素开头,故填an。
4.why 考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知,空处引导宾语从句,作knw的宾语;根据语境可知,此处表示科学家不能确定这一情况发生的原因。空处在从句中作原因状语,故填why。
5.are used 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知,空前的关系代词that指代先行词pesticides,在从句中作主语,故从句的谓语动词用复数形式;此处描述的为客观情况,应用一般现在时;use与pesticides是被动关系,应用被动语态。故填are used。
6.t stick 考查动词不定式。appear t d sth.是固定用法,意为"似乎做某事"。此处表示这些杀虫剂似乎会在环境中滞留。
7.fr 考查介词。此处表示对农民来说一项持续存在的挑战。故填fr。
8.prtecting 考查现在分词。此处表示"在保护蜜蜂的同时使其他昆虫远离",在时间状语从句中常省略主语和be动词,且从句主语与prtect为主谓关系,故用现在分词。
9.unlikely 考查词形转换。根据该句中的"but there are a number f rganizatins trying t help hneybees"可知,美国农业部表示,不太可能有一个神奇的解决方案。故填unlikely。
10.slutin 考查名词。空前的magic是形容词,且magic前又有数词ne,故此处应用名词单数形式slutin。