高考英语一轮复习主题高频词汇专题三人与自然训练2含解析

这是一份高考英语一轮复习主题高频词汇专题三人与自然训练2含解析，共9页。
一、用括号中单词的适当形式填空——词形转换
1.It has been universally that it is the selfless devtin and sacrifice f dctrs and nurses that ensures the success f the battle against the virus. Many mving reprts have been written in f their cntributin.(acknwledge)
2.Seeing my anxius expressin, my mther asked me what had caused my .(anxius)
3.A large number f peple have sent ff fr the jb. Sme f the may be disappinted because nly ne third fr it have the chance t be emplyed. (apply)
4.Peple shuld be f envirnmental issues, s we rganized an activity last weekend t raise peple’s f prtecting the envirnment. (aware)
5.Having cleaned the sprts facilities, the went t the grassland t pick up the litter. After his thrugh , we saw a cmmunity. (clean)
6.The cmpany int several departments. He will be sent t the sales after graduatin. (divide)
7.Yu are right. Regular exercise can keep yu full f energy. Besides, enugh sleep can make us and enable us t perfrm well in exams.(energy)
8. , they did smething illegal, but we culdn’t accuse them f guilt as we hadn’t fund enugh . (evident)
9.Mary was t t tell her family abut the scene because it almst her t death. She was shaking with at the thught f it. (frighten)
10.Smking des great harm t the smkers’ health.Besides,it is als (harm) t the peple arund.
11.It is ur duty t make ur wrld a mre (harmny) place t live in, s we shuld live in harmny with each ther.
12.I am the f the prject but I can’t all the wrk n my wn. S my assistant helps me with the everyday . (manage)
13.Many vegetables because f the use f agricultural chemicals, while green fd is free f .(pllute)
14.The future f driverless cars is . Even the experts in this field cannt make an exact because they think that nt all factrs can . (predict)
15.T escape the is ne f the mst bvius reasns why peple lie. N ne likes .(punish)
16.(1)I have a lt t say in t this matter. (relate)
(2)Tiredness is directly t a driver’s respnse time. (relate)
17.I called t make a table fr tw fr seven ’clck, nly t be tld that all the tables . (reserve)
18.The girl was when she saw the snake.(scare)
19.Over three hundred peple t death last year;in ther wrds, they died f . (starve)
20. f fd are almst exhausted in the twn, but the fd cannt mre fd t their custmers. (supply)
21.He the accident and became the nly . His was really a wnder. (survive)
22.(1)When a fire brke ut, help was needed.(urge)
(2)The mst thing was t make sure everyne went ut f the building. S the firefighters that peple leave the building as sn as pssible. (urge)
二、用括号内单词的适当形式填空——常见搭配
1.The lcal hspital was ne f the first t apply (becme) self-gverning.
2.Sme experts advcate (imprve) the way we use energy tday.
3.Yu shuld be happy with what yu already have and nt risk (lse) it by being greedy and trying t get mre.
4.This is the best way I culd think f t stp the students (break) the rules.
5.Susan is slw in ding anything, s it is necessary t urge her (cmplete) the wrk n time.
三、在空白处填入1个适当的单词——固定搭配
1.Usually the discunt in this shp nly applies children under the age f ten every winter.
2.Even thugh we may nt be aware it, ur actins can stand fr ur thughts.
3.Clse t the schl there was a beautiful park with many trees arund it. Farther the distance, I culd enjy the view f snwy muntains.
4. ccurred t me that day that art and beauty are the cmmn language f mankind.
5.She gt int panic when she thught she’d frgtten the tickets.
6.Last spring, I was frtunate t be chsen t participate the running f the club.
7.I think the by has the ptential painting, but he needs training.
8.100 years ag, a big fire brke ut in the ld building, leaving it ruins.
9. first sight, there is nthing special abut the watch, but in fact it is a mbile phne.
四、写出画线部分在语境中的含义——熟词生义
1.When I met him in the twn, he lked straight at me but did nt acknwledge me, which made me annyed.
2.(1)Pressure applied t the wund will stp the bleeding.
(2)New technlgy is being applied t almst every industrial prcess.
(3)Over the next mnths, he applied himself t imprving the technique.
(4)Apply the glue t bth surfaces.
3."Yu have a balance f nine hundred dllars," says the bank teller.
4.He has been teaching fr 30 years, and he still devtes himself t the cause f educatin.
5.A man narrwly escaped death when a fire brke ut in his hme n Sunday mrning.
6.The research team are making their way t the west area with the purpse f finding where the river rises.
7.(1)He smthed the way fr us.
(2)Sally managed t smth ver the bad feelings between them.
(3)They are intrducing new measures t ensure the smth running f the business.
8.They didn’t think much f it when they saw tw cyclists repairing their bike n the side f the rad.A bit later,they sptted what they assumed was a dg running alngside a man n a bike.
五、用括号中动词的适当形式填空——不规则变化
1.His careless driving caused a terrible accident. Therefre, he (ban) frm driving fr three years.
2.He is ften fund (bury) in his wrk whenever I cme here.
3.A heavy frst made the weather cld. All the rivers and sme fragile plants t death. (freeze)
4.Mst f the ld part f the city (destry) by bmbs during the war in 1937.
5.A full mn (light) up the sky. I invited all my family t appreciate it tgether.
6.Jack was wrking in the lab when the pwer cut (ccur).
7.The party’s share f the vte (rise) frm 11 percent t 21 percent in last mnth’s electin.
8.A yung by climbed up the apple tree and (shake) the branches s that the apples fell.
9.A gd idea me while I was walking alng the river. (strike)
10.Teenagers climbed dzens f flights f stairs t deliver water and fd t elderly peple (trap) in the high-rise building.
六、用括号中的参考词汇表达句子——写作
1.近年来,人类不负责任的活动和自然灾害给我们造成了极大的损害。因此,我们应该与自然和谐相处,呵护地球,让它成为一个更好的家园。(harm, harmny)
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2.在附近社区倡导低碳出行给我的生活带来了很大影响。(advcate, affect)
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3.过度捕杀影响了野生动物的数量,有些动物灭绝了,有些处于危险之中。幸运的是,政府已经注意到这种情况并采取了一系列积极的措施。我们要努力保护环境,只有这样我们才能够成功地阻止这种情况恶化。(hunt, measure, prtect, prevent)
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答 案
主题三 人与自然
一、用括号中单词的适当形式填空——词形转换
1.第一空考查it is universally acknwledged that...,表示"普遍认为……",故填acknwledged; 第二空在介词后,应用名词,in acknwledgement f表示"对……的感谢",故填acknwledgement。
2.第一空修饰动词asked,应用副词形式,填anxiusly;第二空在形容词性物主代词my后,应用名词形式,填anxiety。
3.第一空作宾语,应用名词,applicatin表示"申请(书)"时,既可作可数名词,也可作不可数名词,故填applicatin(s);第二空与Sme f the一起构成主语,表示"申请人",填applicants;ne third (f the applicants)与动词apply之间是逻辑上的主谓关系,故第三空用现在分词作后置定语,填applying。
4.第一空填aware,构成固定搭配be aware f;第二空在名词所有格后,应该用名词,填awareness。
5.第一空作主语,表示"清洁工",根据下文的his可知填cleaner;第二空作宾语,表示"打扫,清洁",填cleaning;第三空作定语,表示"干净的",填clean。
6.第一空作谓语,divide与主语The cmpany为被动关系,且表示客观情况,应用一般现在时的被动语态,填is divided;第二空与前面的the sales一起构成介词t的宾语,应该用名词,依据句意可知,填divisin,表示"部门"。
7.空处作宾语补足语,表示"精力充沛的",填形容词energetic。
8.第一空作句子的状语,应用副词形式,填Evidently;第二空作fund的宾语,应用名词形式,填evidence。
9.第一空作表语,表示主语Mary的感受,用形容词frightened表示"害怕的";第二空作定语修饰名词scene,用形容词frightening表示"骇人的";第三空作谓语,且事情发生在过去,故用动词过去式frightened,frighten sb. t death表示"把某人吓得要命";第四空作介词with的宾语,用名词fright表示"惊吓"。
10.空处作表语,应用形容词形式,be harmful t表示"对……有害",填harmful。
11.空处在此作定语,修饰其后的place,应用形容词形式,填harmnius。
12.第一空用在定冠词the后面,表示"经理",填manager;第二空用在情态动词后且与之一起构成谓语,填manage,表示
"管理";第三空作宾语,在此表示"管理",填management。
13.第一空作谓语,描述的是一般事实,用一般现在时,且pllute与vegetables为被动关系,故填are plluted;第二空在介词后,应用名词形式,填pllutin。
14.无人驾驶汽车的未来是无法预测的。甚至这一领域的专家也不能做出准确的预测,因为他们认为并不是所有的因素都是可以预测的。根据句意可知,第一空表示"不可预测的",填unpredictable;第二空根据空前的an可知,空处应用名词,填predictin;第三空作谓语,在情态动词后,用动词原形,且predict与factrs为被动关系,故填be predicted。
15.第一空作动词的宾语,用名词punishment;第二空考查like ding sth."喜欢做某事",此处表示"被惩罚",填being punished。
16.(1)此空考查in relatin t"关于……",填relatin;(2)此空考查be related t"与……有关",填related。
17.第一空考查make a reservatin,表示"预订",填reservatin;第二空作谓语,all the tables与reserve之间为被动关系,且根据前文时态及语境可知,此处应用过去完成时的被动语态,填had been reserved。
18.第一空作表语,表示"恐惧的,害怕的",填scared;第二空作定语,表示"吓人的",填scary。
19.第一空作谓语,根据时间状语last year可知,应用一般过去时,填starved;第二空在介词后,应用名词形式,填starvatin。
20.镇上贮存的食物快吃完了,但是食品供应商无法给顾客供应更多的食物。第一空作主语,表示"供应量,储备",此处是可数名词,再结合are可知填Supplies;第二空作主语,表示"供应商",供应商不止一家,用名词复数,填suppliers;第三空作谓语,且位于情态动词后,填动词原形supply。
21.他在事故中幸免于难,成为唯一的幸存者。他的幸存的确是一个奇迹。第一空作谓语,由and后的became可知,填动词过去式survived;第二空表示"幸存者",填名词survivr;第三空作主语,表示"幸存",填名词survival。
22.(1)空处作状语,表示"迫切地",填urgently。(2)第一空作定语,表示"紧急的",填urgent;第二空作谓语,表示"敦促",填urged。
二、用括号内单词的适当形式填空——常见搭配
1.t becme apply t d sth.表示"申请做某事"。
2.imprving advcate ding sth.表示"提倡做某事"。
3.lsing risk ding sth.表示"冒险做某事"。
4.breaking stp sb. (frm) ding sth.表示"阻止某人做某事"。
5.t cmplete urge sb. t d sth.表示"敦促某人做某事"。
三、在空白处填入1个适当的单词——固定搭配
1.t。 apply t适用于。
2.f。 be aware f意识到。
3.in。in the distance在远处。
4.It。 It ccurred t sb. that...某人想到……;同义表达有It struck sb. that...某人突然想到……。
5.a。get int a panic陷入恐慌。
6.in。 participate in参与。
7.fr。 have the ptential fr有……的潜力。
8.in。 in ruins毁坏,严重受损。
9.At。at fist sight乍一看,初次见到。
四、写出画线部分在语境中的含义——熟词生义
1.acknwledge熟义:v. 承认,感谢。此处表示"打招呼,理会",类似于greet。
2.apply熟义:v.申请。在(1)中表示"按,压";在(2)中表示"应用,使用";在(3)中表示"勤奋工作";在(4)中表示"涂,敷"。
3.balance熟义:n.天平,平衡 v.使保持平衡。此处用作名词,表示"余额"。
4.cause熟义:v.引起 n.原因。此处表示"事业"。
5.narrwly熟义:adv. 狭隘地。此处表示"勉强地"。
6.rise熟义:v.上升,上涨,升起。此处表示"发源,起源"。
7.smth熟义:adj. 平整的,平坦的,光滑的。在(1)中smth作动词,表示"使平坦";在(2)中作动词,smth ver表示"缓和";在(3)中作形容词,表示"平稳的"。
8.spt熟义:n.斑点,污渍。此处作动词,表示"看见,看到"。
五、用括号中动词的适当形式填空——不规则变化
1.ban→banned→banned。所填词在句中作谓语,且与主语he构成被动关系,又根据caused可知,此处应用一般过去时的被动语态,填was banned。
2.bury→buried→buried。所填词在句中作主语补足语,表示状态,且bury与主语He之间为逻辑上的动宾关系,故填过去分词buried。
3.freeze→frze→frzen。第一空考查固定短语freezing cld,表示"极为寒冷",故填freezing;第二空表示"结冰",且根据第一句中的made可知,此处叙述的是过去的事情,填frze;第三空表示"(使)冻死",主动语态和被动语态均可,故填frze/were frzen。
4.destry→destryed→destryed。所填词在句中作谓语,主语与destry之间为被动关系,再根据句中的时间状语in 1937可知,应用一般过去时的被动语态,故填was destryed。应注意destry为"元音字母+y"结尾的单词,其过去式和过去分词都是直接加-ed,不能将y变为i。
5.light→lit→lit。所填词在句中作谓语,根据第二句中的invited可知,应用一般过去时,故填lit。
6.ccur→ccurred→ccurred。由主句的时态可知,从句谓语应用一般过去时,故填ccurred。
7.rise→rse→risen。根据时间状语可知,此处叙述的是过去的事情,应用一般过去时,故填rse。注意此处rise用作不及物动词,不用被动语态。
8.shake→shk→shaken。根据climbed可知,此处应用一般过去时,故填shk。
9.strike→struck→struck。所填词作谓语,由was可知,此处用一般过去时,故填struck。
10.trap→trapped→trapped。所填词在句中作后置定语,修饰elderly peple,应填过去分词trapped。
六、用括号中的参考词汇表达句子——写作
1.In recent years, peple’s irrespnsible activities and natural disasters have dne great harm t us. Therefre, we shuld live in harmny with nature and take gd care f the earth, making it a better hme.
2.Advcating lw-carbn travel in the near neighbrhd greatly affected my life.
3.Excessive hunting and killing has affected the number f wild animals; sme animals have died ut and thers are in danger. Frtunately, the gvernment has paid attentin t the situatin and has taken a series f psitive measures. We shuld try t prtect the envirnment, and nly in this way can we successfully prevent the situatin frm getting wrse.