高考英语一轮复习题型突破五应用文写作课件

这是一份高考英语一轮复习题型突破五应用文写作课件，共60页。PPT课件主要包含了高考帮·备考方向导航， 考情解读，三年考情回顾，命题分析预测，聚焦核心素养， 析考情·题型突破，考法帮·解题能力提升等内容，欢迎下载使用。

题型五　应用文写作
【第三部分 高考题型突破】
高考帮·备考方向导航
析考情 · 题型突破链高考 · 真题探究考法帮·解题能力提升
写作技法1 认真审题定要点写作技法2 清晰构思明框架写作技法3 流畅衔接显逻辑写作技法4 合理有效增细节
高分帮·“双一流”名校冲刺高分突破1 高级词汇灵活用高分突破2 基本句型认真练高分突破3 精彩句式轻松写高分突破4 热点素材勤积累高分突破5 常见模板须牢记
考情解读
课标要求 写作是语言运用的重要表现形式。该部分要求考生根据提示进行写作。考生应能:1.准确使用语法和词汇。语言的准确性会直接或间接地影响到信息的准确传输。语法结构和词汇的准确程度是写作部分评分标准中的一项重要内容。2.围绕文章主题,借助一些句型、词组等,清晰、连贯地表达自己的思想。
三年考情回顾
命题分析预测
1.命题形式——以提纲式作文为主,其中邮件和书信最为常见。2.命题思路——考查考生在真实情景中驾驭语言和解决问题的能力。同时融入中国优秀传统文化,通过"讲好中国故事"增强文化自信。3.题材——题目选材丰富,情境真实,与考生的学习、生活、价值观密切相关。
聚焦核心素养
英语写作本质上就是语言的"输入"和"输出"的过程。英语学科素养在写作中主要体现在对语言能力和思维能力的考查,要求考生在理解和表达的语言实践活动中融合知识学习和技能发展。当然,讲好中国故事,讲中国好故事,推广中国文化等文化立意在近两年的高考中体现得更加明显。对思维品质的考查则主要从提升考生分析问题和解决问题的能力出发,考查考生从跨文化的视角观察和认识世界并对事物作出正确的价值判断的能力,促进考生的深度学习。
析考情 · 题型突破链高考 · 真题探究
高考帮·备考方向导航
析考情 · 题型突破
一 命题特点 针对应用文写作,从近几年浙江、北京、2020新高考Ⅰ(山东)英语试题中写作的第一节和近几年全国卷、天津的书面表达可以看出,其考查形式以电子邮件和书信最为常见。高考应用文写作非自由写作,它一般会在要点信息、篇幅等方面加以限制,考生要根据试题中的提示完成短文,如浙江、新高考Ⅰ(山东)要求词数在80左右,北京要求不少于50词,全国卷要求100词左右。 应用文以提纲类作文为主,它要求考生做到:切题、要点全面、语言无误、表达清楚且有层次。试题情境往往贴近考生的学习和生活实
际,且具有一定的开放性,可以引导考生思考涉及学习、生活的现实问题,使考生有更大的写作空间,还能使各层次的考生都能够发挥自己的水平,较充分地体现并展示自己的英语写作能力。二 解题步骤 通常情况下,考生若要写出一篇好文章,需要完成以下六个步骤:审题、列纲、成文、修改、誊写和检查。1.审题这是最关键的一步。考生要做好"四个确定":确定体裁和格式,确定主体时态,确定中心人称,确定写作要点。
2.列纲列纲可以帮助考生避免遗漏要点。考生在这一环节中要做好三点:确定文章结构,确定每段的主题句,确定恰当的词汇和句型。3.成文考生要根据一定的逻辑顺序和要点,逐步完善提纲内容。在此过程中,考生要运用自己熟悉或习惯的表达方式,使用合适的过渡词,使句与句之间、段与段之间衔接紧凑。4.修改在完成了一篇初稿后,考生需要查看有无表达不恰当或不规范的地方,有无结构问题,有无要点遗漏,有无人称误用,有无标点符号误用,有无时态误用,
有无冠词误用,有无单复数误用,体裁和格式是否正确等。5.誊写高考书面表达要求考生书写规范、保持卷面整洁。如果考生所写文章的形式和内容都很好,就会给阅卷老师留下好印象,为获取高分创造条件。6.检查在认真誊写完作文后,考生需要从头至尾再仔细检查一遍文章,看是否有单词拼写、标点符号、大小写等方面的错误。三 评分原则 应用文写作的评分原则可简要概括为以下几个方面: 1.词数:在所要求词数的基础上上下浮动20词不扣分,超过这个范围,
从总分中减去2分。 2.覆盖所有要点内容。　　3.所用词汇和语法结构的丰富性和准确性。　　4.上下文的连贯性。　　5.拼写与标点符号的准确性。 6.字迹工整,卷面整洁。 高考写作的评分细则要求考生在写作时应用较高级的语法结构和词汇,有效地运用连接词。大多数阅卷老师在评阅时都会遵循"语言第一——语言高级,内容第二——要点齐全,结构第三——段落分明"的原则。综上可知,写作的得分关键在于语言表达。
四 备考指导 写作能力不是通过写一两篇文章就能提升的,考生需要坚持不懈地积累。考生在平时的学习中可以从以下几个方面来努力提高写作能力:(1)加强审题训练;(2)熟悉英语的基本句型,运用已掌握的单词、短语写好英语简单句;(3)做一些其他形式的练习,如佳句仿写、句型转换、句子翻译、一句多译等;(4)背诵课文和范文,掌握其中的高级表达,学会用这些高级表达来润色自己的文章。
Writing 1　[2020新高考Ⅰ(山东),15分]高考真题 假定你是李华,上周日你校举办了5公里越野赛跑活动。请你为校英文报写一篇报道,内容包括:　　1.参加人员;　　2.跑步路线:从校门口到南山脚下;　　3.活动反响。注意:1.写作词数应为80左右; 2.请按如下格式作答。
析考情·题型突破
链高考 · 真题探究
【范文展示】 A Cross-Country Running Race In order to enrich our campus life, our school organized a 5 km cross-country running race last Sunday. Ninety students from twenty classes participated in the race, among whom thirty were girls. Participants set out at 9 am from the gate of the school, through the Renmin Park, and finally arrived at the foot of Nanshan Mountain.After the race, we felt that not only did the event improve our physical and psychological quality,but it also helped us build a positive attitude towards life.We do hope that the school will carry out more similar activities in the future.
写作指导▶命题分析题目要求写一篇活动报道,介绍学校举办的5公里越野赛跑,为半开放性的命题作文。写作任务来源于校园生活,情境真实,贴近考生生活,突出英语语言的实际运用。题目以"5公里越野赛跑"为背景,有利于引导考生关注体育锻炼,积极参与健身活动,增强体质,培养健康的生活方式。▶思路点拨1.审题:文章为报道类应用文;报道学校举办的5公里越野赛跑活动。2.谋篇布局:首先应审要点,题目给了三个要点——参加人员,跑步路线,活动反响;其次再根据要点内容合理安排每个要点的详略,参加人员简述
即可,跑步路线和活动反响可以详细描写。3.确定人称和时态:题目要求报道已经发生过的活动,所以时态主要用一般过去时,人称以第一人称为主。 4.遣词造句,呈现要点:our school organized a 5 km cross-country running race last Sunday; Ninety students from twenty classes participated in the race;from the gate of the school;at the foot of Nanshan Mountain;improve our physical and psychological quality;build a positive attitude towards life。(供参考)5.各要点之间使用合适的关联词衔接,并运用一些高级词汇和高级句式来为自己的作文提升得分档次。
▶亮点点评1.本文思路清晰,语言流畅,表达准确,在叙述事件时,很好地运用了一些表示时间和空间顺序的过渡词,使文章逻辑连贯。2.较多高级词语的运用提高了文章的档次:enrich our campus life(丰富我们的校园生活);participate in(参加); participant(参赛者); set out(出发); physical and psychological quality(身心素质); carry out(开展)。3.本文还使用了一些高级句式,为文章增加了亮点:如①非限制性定语从句(among whom thirty were girls);②倒装句(not only did the event improve our physical and psychological quality)
Writing 2　[2019全国Ⅲ,25分]高考真题 假定你是李华,你校将举办音乐节。请写封邮件邀请你的英国朋友Allen参加,内容包括: 1.时间; 2.活动安排; 3.欢迎他表演节目。注意:1.词数100左右;2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
【范文展示】Dear Allen,　　I'm delighted to inform you that our school's music festival this year is to be held next Friday. There will be a wide variety of activities to mark this unforgettable occasion. I'm writing to invite you to attend the festival and the relevant details are as follows. The festival is scheduled to start at 9:00 a.m. and will last for 3 hours. To begin with, the headmaster will deliver a speech, which may give you a look at the past, present and future of the
festival. It will be followed by a wide range of colorful musical performances, such as singing, dancing, short musicals and so on. You are particularly welcome to give a performance on stage. I would appreciate it if you could attend the upcoming music festival. Looking forward to your early reply to confirm your participation.写作指导▶命题分析 题目要求写封邮件邀请英国朋友参加音乐节。任务要求符合考生的英语水平,与考生的日常学习、生活息息相关,将和谐的人际交往理念
融入对语言能力的考查中;写作情境比较真实,自然地融入美育知识,引导考生关注和提高审美情趣,强化美育的引导作用。 ▶思路点拨1.确定文章体裁和主题:应用文(邮件);参加音乐节。2.构思文章结构:第一段表明写作意图,发出邀请;第二段为主体段,详细介绍活动时间及节目安排,并欢迎对方表演节目;第三段表达对朋友参加音乐节的期待,并期盼回复。3.明确文章的人称和时态:发出邀请和表达期待部分以第一人称为主,活动介绍部分以第三人称为主;时态以一般将来时和一般现在时为主。4.遣词造句,呈现要点:our school's music festival this year is to be
held;invite you to attend the festival;the festival is scheduled to start at 9:00 a.m. and will last for 3 hours;deliver a speech;a wide range of colorful musical performances;welcome to give a performance。(供参考)5.修饰润色:使用高级词汇和表达替换普通词汇和表达;使用非谓语动词、复合句式等给文章润色。6.最后,检查文章要点是否齐全,词数是否适当,行文是否连贯等。▶亮点点评1.本文内容精练,要点齐全,思路清晰,表达准确。2.较多高级词汇和短语的准确使用是本文的一大亮点,如:delighted(高
兴的), inform(通知), a wide variety of(各种各样的), mark(庆祝),occasion(特别的活动), attend(参加), relevant details(相关细节), be scheduled to do(按计划做), last(持续), a wide range of(各种各样的),participation(参与)等。 3.文章运用的语法结构也很丰富,如①宾语从句:that our school's music festival this year is to be held next Friday; ②不定式短语作状语:to confirm your participation;③定语从句:which may give you a look at the past, present and future of the festival;④固定表达(it作形式宾语):I would appreciate it if you could attend the upcoming music festival。
Writing 3　[2018全国Ⅱ,25分]高考真题 你受学生会委托为校宣传栏"英语天地"写一则通知,请大家观看一部英文短片Growing Together,内容包括:　　1.短片内容:学校的发展;　　2.放映时间、地点;　　3.欢迎对短片提出意见。注意:　　1.词数100左右;　　2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
【范文展示】 Notice　　There is a short English film — Growing Together this weekend. The film is mainly related to the development of our school, which will greatly help us students know the school's history better and appeal to us to make contributions to our school's development. Anyone who shows interest in the film is welcome to the school's lecture hall, located on the first floor of the third teaching building, to enjoy it. The film will be shown this Sunday afternoon, lasting 2 hours, from 4:00 to 6:00. In
order to get a good seat, you'd better arrive a bit earlier. If you have any opinion about the film, please send emails to studentunion@126.com. Looking forward to your valuable advice. Student Union写作指导▶命题分析　　题目要求写一则通知,请大家观看英文短片,话题与考生的日常生活息息相关。该题要求考生将平时所学很好地运用起来,解决生活中实际存在的问题,考查考生对语言的实际运用能力。学以致用是学习语言的目标,也是今后高考英语的方向。
▶思路点拨1.确定文章体裁:应用文(通知),注意该文体的格式,如标题和落款。2.构思文章内容:首先,介绍活动——观看短片,可适当拓展活动的相关信息,比如观看短片的目的和短片的内容。其次,说明放映时间和地点以及注意事项等。最后,欢迎大家对短片提意见,可拓展提意见的方式,比如发邮件。3.确定文章人称和时态:人称以第三人称为主;时态以一般将来时和一般现在时为主。
4.遣词造句,呈现要点:a short English film, the development of our school, appeal to us to..., The film will be shown ...from...to..., In order to get a good seat..., If you have any opinion...。(供参考)5.使用恰当的连接词和句式结构将各要点连接起来,使文章通顺、流畅。▶亮点点评1.文章使用了较多的高级短语,如:be related to(与……有关);make contributions to(对……做贡献);show interest in(对……感兴趣);look forward to(期待……)。2.文章使用了很多高级的表达,如①定语从句:which will greatly help
us students know the school's history better and appeal to us to make contributions to our school's development和who shows interest in the film;②过去分词短语作后置定语:located on the first floor of the third teaching building;③动词-ing作状语:lasting 2 hours;④条件状语从句:If you have any opinion about the film。
写作技法1 认真审题定要点写作技法2 清晰构思明框架写作技法3 流畅衔接显逻辑写作技法4 合理有效增细节
考法帮·解题能力提升
审题是写作的关键所在,认真审题是确保写出的文章符合写作要求和交际情境的重要举措。具体可归纳为以下几点:1.弄清题目要求,明确写作目的　　通过认真阅读试题说明,考生应弄清楚自己是在什么样的交际情境中进行写作的,读者对象是谁,人物之间是什么关系,想要达到什么写作目的,是向某人发出求助、邀请还是表示感谢。2.确定文体、时态和人称　　不同的写作目的决定了要使用的写作文体和语气,通过审题,考生要了解题目要求写的是电子邮件、通知等中的哪一种,同时还要注意不同文体
写作技法1 认真审题定要点
的写作格式。如2020年新高考Ⅰ(山东)第一节是一篇新闻报道,不是电子邮件类应用文,因此不用称呼和落款。　　根据读者对象及写作要求,确定全篇以第几人称、什么时态为主,行文中做到两条主线贯穿始终:上下文统一,前后时态照应。3.确定写作要点 　　近几年全国卷书面表达多以文字提纲形式提供写作的内容要点,因此这类题目的写作要点较为直观、具体。但不能忽视内容要点之前的题目要求和之后的注意,因为其中也常常蕴含着其他要点。 如2020年全国Ⅲ书面表达,试题情境为"你和同学根据英语课文改编了一个短剧。给外教Miss Evans写封邮件,请她帮忙指导",通过题干
说明,我们可以确定文章要求写求助信,读者对象是外教Miss Evans,因此语气要委婉、恳切;题目列出的内容包括:剧情简介、指导内容、商定时间地点。通过仔细审题,我们可以确定文章的写作要点包含:①我和同学根据英语课文改编了一个短剧;②给您写邮件的目的是请求您给予指导;③介绍短剧的内容;④说明请求指导的内容;⑤约定指导的时间和地点;⑥期待回复。其中③和④是文章的重点内容,要展开详细说明。
在动笔写作之前,首先应围绕主题组织材料,合理划分段落,使文章结构清晰,不遗漏写作要点。 英语书信(电子邮件)通常为三段式:第一段为导入段,一般说明写信意图;第二段为主题段,就具体事宜进行说明;第三段是结尾段,通常表达期待、感谢、盼望回复等。 新闻报道也通常采用三段式结构:第一段用一句话笼统概括某事件,通常包括人物、时间、地点、事件等;第二段按照时间或空间顺序具体讲述事件的起因、经过和结果;最后一段总结前文,呼应主题。
写作技法2 清晰构思明框架
在书面表达中,逻辑混乱是失分的一个重要原因,正确使用衔接词,可以有效连接句子或者段落。为了使行文富有逻辑性,应注意写作的顺序,记叙文通常按照时间或空间顺序来写,可使用表示时间推移或空间转换的短语或连接词来把活动串起来。如果表示事项的罗列,可以使用first(ly), second(ly), third(ly), besides, moreover, furthermore, in addition, additionally等使上下文之间具有并列或递进关系。说明事物或发表议论时,可使用表示平行、递进、因果、转折、让步关系的衔接词,以增强语言的逻辑性。
写作技法3 流畅衔接显逻辑
近年来的书面表达给出的汉语提示内容较少,为考生留出较大的思考空间。这就要求考生依据试题的写作要求进行适当的拓展,增加一些细节内容,使短文言之有物,内容更充实,细节更丰满。但考生不能随意发挥,否则会导致详略不当,偏离主题。合理有效地增加细节也是书面表达得分的关键。以下几点是增加细节信息的技巧:1.增加交际性功能的语言　　邮件、书信类应用文具有很强的交际功能,考生可以根据写信人与收信人之间的人物关系、信件的目的等在文章的开头或结尾适当增加交际性功能的语言,以表明目的、增进感情、获取信息或寻求帮助等。若是朋友关系,可在信的开头添加问候语;若收信人是长辈、地位高的人
写作技法4 合理有效增细节
或陌生人,可在信的开头补充自我介绍,以表尊重;若是回复信件,可在开头提及来信的内容,说明回信的背景;还可根据信件的写作目的,适当补充结束语,如建议信结尾时,可表达所提建议对对方有用的愿望。 如2019年全国Ⅰ书面表达要求考生给中国画展览的组织者写一封信申请做志愿者,收信人为陌生人,考生就可以在信件的开头增加个人身份介绍"My name is Li Hua, a Chinese student who is currently studying in London this summer", 这样合情合理,符合交际需要。2.扩充写作要点的具体细节信息　　书面表达一般都会把文章要点信息以提纲形式列出,考生可以根据所列要点添加相关细节,如添加生动形象的形容词、明确交代原因、清晰阐明目的、适当补充条件、适当延伸结果、合理添加具体事例等。
如2019年全国Ⅰ书面表达,在陈述"as a Chinese painting lover, I know a lot about this art form"时,可补充条件进一步说明自己的优势"If accepted, I can introduce Chinese painting skills to visitors, which can help them know more about Chinese culture"。3.补充个人感受及评价　　在写作过程中,考生可根据具体情境,流露真实情感,增加一些抒发个人情绪的表达,缩短与读者之间的距离、或有效衔接上下文逻辑,如be delighted/happy to do sth., to one's surprise/ delight/ disappointment, luckily/fortunately/unfortunately/sadly等。
高分帮·“双一流” 名校冲刺
高分突破1 高级词汇灵活用高分突破2 基本句型认真练高分突破3 精彩句式轻松写高分突破4 热点素材勤积累高分突破5 常见模板须牢记
如同建高楼大厦用的砖头一样,词汇是构成作文的基本单位,所选词汇的质量直接决定了一篇书面表达的质量。同时,高级词汇的运用也是高考书面表达评分的一条重要依据。要做好这一点,考生可以从以下几个方面入手:1.用词组或习语替代简单词汇。　　用pay a visit to替代visit,用be of importance替代be important,用be supposed to替代should,用come up with a good idea替代have a good idea, 用not only...but also替代and连接并列成分等。我真想采访他,因为他既是第一个进入太空的中国人,也是世界上最伟大的宇航员之一。
高分突破1 高级词汇灵活用
(一般表达)I would really like to interview him because he is the first Chinese to go to space and one of the greatest astronauts in the world.(高级表达)I would really like to interview him because he is not only the first Chinese to go to space but also one of the greatest astronauts in the world. 2.用更地道的词汇替代普通词汇。Tom broke his leg last week.(用had his leg broken替代broke his leg)Our school is in the suburb of the city. (用is located 替代is)
3.用不一样的词汇表达相近的含义。 如果前文用了interesting,后文就可用a lot of fun;若前文用了clever,后文就可用smart;若前文提到了have a good time,后文就可说enjoy oneself,等等。4.用高级词汇替代普通词汇。 用diligently替代hard(努力地),用rather/extremely替代very,用attach importance to替代pay attention to,用delighted/pleased替代happy,用an increasing number of替代more and more,用as a matter of fact替代in fact,等等。We should attach importance to(=pay attention to) the development of personality in our teaching. As a matter of fact(=In fact), advertisement plays an informative role in our daily life. 
高考写作必备提分词汇1.important(重要的): essential/vital/significant/of greatimportance 2.be interested in(对……感兴趣): show (an) interest in/take an interest in/be fascinated by/be crazy about3.know(知道,意识到): be aware of/come to realize4.be good at(善于,精通): have a good command of/be familiar with5.difficult(困难的): challenging/tough 6.so(因此): consequently/therefore
7.finally(最后): eventually/ultimately/in the end8.approach(临近): draw near/be around the corner 9.ask you for help(寻求你的帮助): turn to you for help/seek for your assistance 10.be made up of(由……组成): consist of/be composed of11.because of(因为): owing to/due to/thanks to/on account of12.if(如果): on condition that/supposing/provided(that)/providing(that)13.as a result(结果): in consequence/as a consequence14.in order to(为了): for the purpose of/in an effort to
15.hear(听到): at the news of/on hearing16.can't do(做不了,不能做): have trouble (in) doing/be unable to do 17.cause(导致): lead to/result in/contribute to18.much homework(很多作业): endless homework/assignment19.don't like(不喜欢): don't care for/dislike20.be being built(正在被建): be under construction21.be angry with(生……的气): be annoyed with22.on time(按时): on schedule23.be busy with(忙于……): be occupied with/be buried in/bury oneself in
24.improve(提高,增强): promote/strengthen/enhance25.in my opinion(就我个人来说): personally speaking/as far as I am concerned/for my part/from my perspective26.apologize(道歉): make an apology27.attend(参加): be involved in/participate in28.face(面对): be faced/confronted with29.live happily(幸福地生活): live/lead a happy life30.see(看见): catch sight of/catch a glimpse of31.suddenly(突然): all of a sudden 32.try to do(试图做): attempt to do/seek to do33.immediately(立即): without hesitation/without delay
34.because(因为): for the reason that/in that 35.tired(累的,精疲力竭的): exhausted/worn out36.surprised(惊讶的): astonished 37.quickly(迅速地): swiftly38.decide to do(决定做): be determined to do39.good(好的): outstanding/distinguished/extraordinary40.use(使用,利用): make use of/put...into use/take advantage of41.should(应该): be supposed to42.lie in(位于): be located in/ be situated in43.hope(希望): expect 44.fear(害怕): be scared/frightened
45.and(和): as well as/along with 46.but(但是): however47.spend all one's spare time in/on(把某人所有的闲暇时间用于): devote all one's spare time to48.very(非常): extremely/highly/greatly 49.master(掌握): have a good command of50.fail(失败): meet with failure 51.like(喜欢): be fond of/prefer52.hate(讨厌): be tired of/lose interest in53.happy(高兴的): delighted/pleased/cheerful54.consider(考虑): take...into consideration/account55.sb.thinks of sth.(想到): sth. occurs to /strikes sb.;sb. comes up with sth.　
简单句是英语作文的基本句式,了解和掌握简单句的五种基本句型对写好英语作文极为重要。这五种基本句型是:1.主语+不及物动词(主谓结构) 此句型常用来表示主语的动作。谓语动词后面可以不接任何成分,也可以接名词短语、副词、介词短语、不定式短语等作状语。他们夜以继日地工作。→They worked day and night.他活得很长。→He lived to be a very old man.2.主语+系动词+表语(主系表结构) 此句型主要用以说明主语的特征、类属、状态、身份等。此句型中常
高分突破2 基本句型认真练
见的系动词有:be, become, come, get, smell, taste, feel, sound, remain, stay, appear, go, turn, fall, keep等。(1)主语+系动词+形容词(作表语)那个论据听起来有道理。→That argument sounds reasonable. 他依然年轻。→He is still young.(2)主语+系动词+名词(作表语)后来他成了一名科学家。→Later he became a scientist.他是个学生。 →He is a student. (3)主语+系动词+副词/介词短语/反身代词(作表语)他在家。→He is in.
这很重要。→This is of importance. 我今天心情不好。→I'm not myself today.3.主语+及物动词+宾语(主谓宾结构) 此句型中的谓语动词应是及物动词(短语),宾语常为名词、代词或相当于名词的成分。(1)主语+及物动词+名词或代词(作宾语)我需要你的帮助。→ I need your help.我讨厌它。 → I hate it.(2)主语+及物动词+动词-ing(作宾语)。此类及物动词(短语)有:advise, consider, avoid, mind, miss, suggest, finish, practise, imagine,
enjoy, delay, escape, feel like, put off, insist on, give up, can't help, stick to等。我建议去散步。→I suggested taking a walk.你不该放弃学习。→You should not give up studying. (3)主语+及物动词+不定式(作宾语)。此类及物动词有:afford, agree, ask, expect, hope, want, wish, manage, pretend, decide, determine, learn, offer, plan, refuse等。 我希望上大学。→I hope to go to college.他买不起那本书。→He can not afford to buy the book.他拒绝听从我的建议。→He refused to follow my advice.
(4)既可接动词-ing又可接不定式的及物动词(短语)。我很遗憾地告诉你,你考试不及格。 →I regret to tell you that you have failed the exam. 我后悔告诉了他那个秘密。→I regretted telling him that secret. 4.主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语(主谓+双宾语结构) 常见的接双宾语的动词:(1)用to变换间接宾语的动词:give, hand, offer, show, throw, pass, send, sell, tell, sing, lend等。你能把那封信递给我吗?→Could you pass me the letter?或Could you pass the letter to me?
你能把那本书借给我吗?→Can you lend me that book? 或Can you lend that book to me?(2)用for变换间接宾语的动词:make, buy, cook, find, get, order, spare等。他给我买了一个礼物。→He bought me a gift. 或He bought a gift for me.你能帮我拿些邮票吗?→Can you get me some stamps?或Can you get some stamps for me?5.主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语(主谓+复合宾语结构)此句型中若无宾语补足语,则句意不完整。常见的用于该结构的及物动词:
(1)接名词作宾补的及物动词:find, think, elect, name, call, appoint, consider, make, leave等。我们都叫他活字典。→We all call him a living dictionary.我们选他为我们班的班长。→We elected him monitor of our class.(2)接形容词作宾补的及物动词:keep, get, make, leave, find, paint, set, turn, drive, call, cut, consider等。她会让儿子高兴的。→She will make her son happy.她一直忙着。→She kept herself busy. (3)接动词-ing、过去分词、省略to的动词不定式等作宾补的及物动词: see, notice, hear, watch, observe等。
他听到一只狗在叫。→He heard a dog barking. 你注意到他出去了吗?→Did you notice him go out? (4)接副词、介词短语等作宾补的及物动词:leave, put等。她把这本书留在了这里。→She left the book here.警察把这个小偷关进了监狱。→The police put the thief in prison. (5)有些动词后常用it作形式宾语,而将真正的宾语放在宾语补足语之后,这是英语中常用的句型,即"主语+谓语+形式宾语it+宾补+真正的宾语"。常见的动词有think, find, consider等。我认为用另一种方法解这道题是有可能的。→I consider it possible to work out the problem in another way.
考生要想使自己所写的文章有文采,展示综合运用语言的能力,就要能写出几个漂亮的句子来。这就要求考生在平时的学习过程中大量地积累常用的习惯表达和典型的句式,如强调句、倒装句、感叹句、独立主格、with复合结构等,真正做到句式多样且使用恰当得体,尽量避免使用结构单一、长度相同的简单句,以免使所写文章平淡无奇、缺乏生气,读起来索然无味。具体方法如下:1.肯定变双否 双重否定句可以起到强调作用,表达效果更好,自然能成为亮点句。(1)在海洋里发现奇怪的动物是常见的。
高分突破3 精彩句式轻松写
(一般表达) It's common to see strange animals in the sea.(高级表达)It's not uncommon to see strange animals in the sea.(2)只要你竭尽全力,就会得到你想要的。 (一般表达)As long as you try your best, you will get what you want.(高级表达)As long as you try your best, you will never fail to get what you want.2.陈述变倒装 倒装是一种使句子成为亮点的方法。(1)我们一到农场,就开始植树了。
(一般表达)We got to the farm and then started to plant trees.(高级表达)Hardly had we got to the farm when we started to plant trees.(2)只有等你看过他都做了什么之后,你才能独自去进行采访。(一般表达) You can cover an interview by yourself only when you see what he has done.(高级表达) Only when you see what he has done can you cover an interview by yourself.(3)我对摄影不仅感兴趣,而且我在大学里还专修过摄影课程。(一般表达) I am not only interested in photography but also I
took a course in it at university.(高级表达) Not only am I interested in photography but also I took a course in it at university.3.主动变被动 英语中经常用被动语态,汉语中经常用主动语态;英语中经常用事物名词或形式主语开头,强调一件事发生在什么人身上,而汉语中经常用人名或人称代词开头,强调一个人发生了什么事,所以使用被动语态更符合英语的习惯。若作文中运用到被动语态,会显得句式丰富些。今年7月份参加夏令营的时候,我将随身带着这些书。(一般表达)And I will take these books with me when I take part in
the summer camp in July this year.(高级表达)And these books will be taken with me when I take part in the summer camp in July this year.4.一般句式变复杂句式(1)我收到的最好礼物就是我的英语老师度假归来给我带的一本书。(一般表达)A book from my English teacher is my best gift. And she brought the book to me when she returned from her holiday. (高级表达)The best gift I've ever received is a book from my English teacher, which she brought to me when she returned from her holiday.
(2)我住在一个窗户朝南的房子里。(一般表达) I live in a house and its window faces the south.(高级表达) I live in a house, whose window faces the south.(高级表达) I live in a house, the window of which faces the south.(3)我在收集信息和使用语言方面确实有困难, 这使我很担心。(一般表达)I'm really having trouble in collecting information and using language. It worries me a lot. (高级表达)What worries me a lot is that I'm really having trouble in collecting information and using language.
5.活用非谓语动词 写作时,考生可以利用非谓语动词(短语)对两个甚至两个以上的简单句进行整合,使其成为较高级的表达,也可以运用非谓语动词(短语)简化复合句,使语言精练。(1)I was encouraged by her. I made up my mind to have a try.句式升级: 找准两个简单句的对接点,将其中一个句子用非谓语动词(短语)进行改写。判断应用何种非谓语动词,把握好时态和语态,最后连接起来。如上面第一句话表示原因,动词encourage与句子主语之间为动宾关系,故用过去分词作原因状语,即"Encouraged by her, I made up my mind to have a try."。
(2)When I saw a car running towards her, I reached my hand out and pulled her back.句式升级:把When引导的时间状语从句转化为非谓语动词短语,I与see之间为逻辑上的主谓关系,且主从句的动作几乎同时发生,故用动词-ing形式作时间状语,即"Seeing a car running towards her, I reached my hand out and pulled her back."。 6.套用高级结构和句式(1)It is widely/generally/universally acknowledged/believed that...人们普遍认为……It is widely acknowledged that reading classics is both important
and beneficial to the character development and personal growth of teenagers.人们普遍认为,阅读经典既重要又有益于青少年的性格发展和个人成长。(2)It goes without saying that...;There is no doubt that...毋庸置疑……It goes without saying that time is precious for us. 毋庸置疑,时间对我们来说是很宝贵的。 (3)There is no denying that...不可否认……There is no denying that food waste can be seen in our school canteen.不可否认,在我们学校食堂里可以看到浪费食物的现象。 
(4)As the old saying goes...俗话说……As the old saying goes, "Honesty is the best policy."俗话说,"诚实才是上策。"  (5)It occurs to me that...我突然想到……It occurs to me that he might have left his mobile phone in the taxi.我突然想到他可能把手机落在出租车上了。 (6)On doing...,...一……就……; can't wait to do sth.迫不及待做某事On returning home, I couldn't wait to share the photos and experiences with my parents.一回到家,我就迫不及待地把照片和经历与我的父母分享。  
(7)make joint efforts to do sth. 齐心协力做某事Let's make joint efforts to create a green and harmonious environment.让我们齐心协力创造一个绿色、和谐的环境。(8)take effective measures to do sth.采取有效措施做某事We must take effective measures to stop the COVID-19 from spreading.我们必须采取有效措施阻止COVID-19的传播。 (9)To one's surprise/joy,...令某人感到惊奇/高兴的是,……To her great joy, she became the mother of two beautiful baby girls.使她非常高兴的是,她成了两个漂亮女婴的母亲。
(10)as+形容词/副词+as sb. can 某人尽可能……You should write as beautifully as you can so that the teacher can read clearly. 你应该尽可能书写漂亮,以便老师能够看清楚。 (11)be of+抽象名词Having a good knowledge of English is of great help to you.学好英语对你很有帮助。 
素材一　中国传统节日1.春节(1)备年货:Before the Spring Festival, people purchase as much food as possible, preparing for the family dinner on the New Year's Eve as well as the following days. (2)大扫除、贴窗花:People give their houses a thorough clean and decorate them with beautiful paper-cuts before the festival. (3)贴春联:put up the couplet on each side of the door to express the best wishes 
高分突破4 热点素材勤积累
(4)拜年:As a rule, people are supposed to visit their friends and relatives, exchanging their greetings. (5)给孩子发压岁钱:give lucky money to children 2.端午节(1)节日时间:As a traditional festival originating in China, the Dragon Boat Festival falls on the fifth day of the fifth month of the Chinese lunar calendar. (2)由来:It is observed in memory of Qu Yuan,a patriotic poet in ancient times. (3)赛龙舟、吃粽子:During the festival, many activities are
conducted such as dragon boat racing and eating zongzi. 3.中秋节(1)节日时间:The Mid-Autumn Festival falls on the 15th day of the eighth month in Chinese lunar calendar. (2)团圆:No matter how far away or how busy we are, we will try to go home for the celebration.(3)赏月:Bathed in the bright moonlight, the whole family always sit together, enjoying the delicious moon cakes and fruits and sharing their stories.
素材二　中国民俗文化1.茶文化(1)历史悠久:Chinese tea culture started thousands of years ago and drinking tea gradually became an amazing tradition.(2)在中国盛行:In China, people drink tea almost in every occasion and in most of their spare time. Some people also treat guests to tea in social communication.(3)益处:Some Chinese believe that tea benefits people's health a lot. Drinking a cup of tea makes people relaxed and refreshed.
2.中国功夫(1)简介:Chinese kung fu is a traditional Chinese sport which is concerned with the art of attack and defence and a series of skills and tricks(与攻和守的艺术以及一系列技巧和诀窍有关).(2)影响:Nowadays, Chinese kung fu is well known to all of the world, and an increasing number of foreigners are interested in Chinese kung fu.(3)评价:It displays the ancient great thinkers' understanding of life and the universe.
3.京剧(1)评价:Peking opera is like a pearl in Chinese traditional art(如中国传统艺术的一颗明珠). It is praised as the quintessence of Chinese culture(被誉为中国文化的精髓). (2)特点:The opera has many types of facial make-up, indicating various personalities of characters.
素材三　兴趣爱好be fascinated by...对……痴迷have a preference for sth.偏爱某物have a fancy for喜欢…… benefit from... 从……中受益enrich one's life 丰富某人的生活 can't wait to do... 迫不及待做……arouse one's curiosity 激起某人的好奇心It is a great pleasure to do... 很高兴/荣幸做……feel the urge to do/have a strong desire to do有做……的强烈愿望be enthusiastic about/be fond of/be crazy about/be keen on 喜欢/热衷于……
素材四　校园活动1.介绍活动的时间、地点(1)Our school badminton club will hold the final competition next Friday at 3 o'clock in the afternoon. As scheduled, the match will take place in the school gym beside the teaching building.(2)The activity is scheduled to last approximately/about two hours, from 3:30 pm to 5:30 pm.(3)As scheduled,the contest will be given every Saturday morning, lasting about two hours.
(4)If it's convenient for you, let's meet at 8:30 outside the school gate. If not, let me know what time suits you best.2.评论升华(1)Most of the students think highly of this live painting competition, which provides a platform for them to explore the beauty of China and experience the charm of Chinese art.大部分学生对这次现场绘画比赛评价很高,这次比赛为他们探索中国之美、体验中国艺术魅力提供了一个平台。(2)Through this activity I realized that small things can also make a big difference.通过这项活动,我意识到小事情也能起到大作用。
素材五　学习方法与经验 Practice makes perfect. As is always the case with language learning, Mandarin/English learning also asks for lots of practice. To practice as much as possible is where the secret lies.  Watching English/Chinese films on the Internet helps to improve listening and speaking skills. Keeping on writing diaries in English every day is of great significance. It's because of this habit that I have improved much in English writing. The website helps me greatly in English learning. There are
plenty of learning materials for visitors. Learning habits are key to learning efficiency. A good habit paves the way for high learning efficiency. 素材六　健康生活 Exercise should be taken regularly to strengthen our immune system.应该定期锻炼以增强我们的免疫系统。 Having a balanced diet is also a practical method of living healthily.拥有均衡的饮食也是一种健康生活的实用方法。 Too much stress poses a threat to our health, so we should learn to release it.太多的压力对我们的健康构成威胁,所以我们应该学会释放压力。
Bear in mind that only with self-discipline can we build and maintain a healthy lifestyle.记住,只有自律,我们才能建立并维持健康的生活方式。 素材七　人物情况介绍1.性格谦逊的humble　　　　　　　　 外向的outgoing热心肠的warm-hearted　　　　 脾气好have a good temper体贴周到的caring/considerate/thoughtful 积极乐观的active and optimistic 乐于助人be ready to help others有幽默感have a sense of humor有决心和毅力做某事do sth.with determination and perseverance
2.外貌(1)My uncle is middle-aged and of average/medium height with a pair of thick glasses. (2)He is about 1.75 meters in height and has broad shoulders.(3)My teacher Mandy is in her thirties. She has short curly dark hair and is always well-dressed.She often wears a bright/warm smile.3.个人优势have a gift for/be talented in...有……的天赋have a good command of... 精通……
use...skillfully熟练使用……be skilled at... 擅长……get along well with... 与……相处融洽be able to communicate effectively能够有效地交流 素材八　旅游观光places of interest名胜古迹 tourist attractions旅游景点scenic spots风景区　 local customs and practices 风土人情historic sites历史遗迹　 go sightseeing观光a self-driving tour自驾游　 a guided tour有导游的旅行go on holiday/take a vacation 去度假/去休假
preserve the cultural relics保护文化遗产broaden one's horizons开阔某人的眼界 enjoy the scenery of nature 欣赏自然美景a must-see attraction一个必看的景点show sb.around someplace带领某人参观某地date from/date back to 追溯到bargain with sb.over sth.与某人就某物还价offer a 10% discount打9折pay in cash/by credit card 用现金/信用卡支付get sth.free of charge/for free免费得到某物
一　邀请信1.常用语句(1)开头语①I am writing to invite you to.../I'm writing to tell you that there will be a(n)...②It is my pleasure/a great honor for me to invite you to...③I am very/more than pleased to invite you to participate in...to be held from...to...in/at...④It is my pleasure to extend an invitation to you to...
高分突破5 常见模板须牢记
(2)结束语①I wonder if you could come...②Would you please drop me a line to let me know if you can come to...?③If you are interested in it, let me know and I'll send you more information.④My family and I would feel honored if you could come.⑤I am sure that you will enjoy yourself here.⑥We would be very grateful if you could give a talk on...
2.写作模板Dear_______ , 　　There will be a(n) _______ (活动)in/at _______ (地点)(on) 　　　　(时间).We would be honored to have you there with us. 　　The occasion will start at _______ (具体时间).It will be followed by _______ (进一步的安排).At around _______ (时间),we will have　　　　(另一个安排). 　　I really hope you can make it. Please reply before _______ 　　　　 　　　(最后期限).  Yours sincerely, Li Hua
二　道歉信1.常用语句(1)开头语①I am writing to apologize for… /I am writing to say sorry for…②Please excuse me for my not being able to…③I would like to give you my apology for…④I must apologize to you for…⑤I owe you an apology.⑥I express my regret for being unable to do…(2)结束语①Please allow me to say sorry again.
②I sincerely hope you can understand my situation/thought in my position and accept my apology.③Once again, I'm sorry for any inconvenience it may have caused.2.写作模板Dear _______ ,  I am truly sorry and I must apologize for _______ (道歉原因).  I'm afraid that what I have done has caused much inconvenience to you.In order to______________.  Yours sincerely, Li Hua
三　求助、请求信1.常用语句(1)开头语①...Could you give us some advice on...?②I hope you would be so kind to give me some information about…③I am writing to request you to make an investigation into the matter about…(2)结束语①I am looking forward to hearing from you.②I shall greatly appreciate your answering my question.③Thank you for your attention to these requests.
2.写作模板Dear_______ ,  I am writing to formally request that ______________ (请求内容).  The reason for this is that ______________ (陈述原因). So I ______________ (细节).  I would also like to request ______________ (进一步提出要求). I am sorry for the inconvenience I have caused.  Thank you for your attention to these requests.If you have any questions, do not hesitate to contact me at ______________　　(联系方式).I am looking forward to your reply.  Yours sincerely, Li Hua
四　感谢信1.常用语句(1)开头语①I am writing this letter to thank you for…②I really don't know how to express my gratitude for your help.③I am writing to tell you how greatly I appreciate all you have done for me.(2)结束语①I'm much obliged to you for helping us.②My true gratitude is beyond description.③I am grateful for your selfless donation.
2.写作模板Dear _______ ,  I am writing to extend my sincere gratitude for ______________　　　　(感谢的原因).If it had not been for your assistance with ______________ (某方面的帮助),I wouldn't have______________　　　　　　　　(结果).  Everyone agrees that it was you who ______________ (给出细节).Again I would like to express my warm thanks to you! Please accept my gratitude.  Yours sincerely, Li Hua
五　建议信1.常用语句(1)开头语①You have asked me for some advice on… I will try to give you some suggestions.②I have received your letter saying … Now I recommend that…③I am writing to express my views/ideas about… (2)结束语①I hope that my suggestions are helpful.②I hope that my suggestions will be of some help.
2.写作模板Dear _______ ,   I am delighted to learn that ______________(写信的原因). From my perspective, _______(建议).On the one hand, ______________.On the other hand, ______________(陈述理由).  As to _______(具体事项), I suggest _______(建议).In addition, 　　　　(补充说明).I am sure _______(对建议的评价). I am looking forward to ______________ (愿望).  Yours sincerely, Li Hua
六　求职、申请信1.常用语句(1)开头语①I wish to apply for the post…advertised in the…on…②I am interested in your advertisement in… ③I am writing to enquire whether you have a suitable vacancyfor…(2)结束语①I would be very grateful if you could arrange an interview at your convenience.②I hope that you will give me an interview when it is convenient for you.③I would appreciate it very much if you could give me an early reply.④I am looking forward to meeting you.
2.写作模板Dear _______ ,  I'm _______(简单的自我介绍). After I read the advertisement, 　　　　_______(表达看到相关广告后的感受). I think it's a good opportunity for me to _______(应聘的原因). Therefore I recommend myself to you without hesitation.  I _______(陈述本人的性格优势). For one thing, I can _______(陈述本人特长一). For another thing, I can _______(陈述本人特长二).  I am looking forward to your early reply. Yours sincerely, Li Hua
七　投诉信1.常用语句(1)开头语①I am writing to express my dissatisfaction with...②I'm...who bought...from your website several days ago.I am writing to complain about...③I am very disappointed to see... (2)结束语①I wonder if you could refund my money and pay for the damage. ②I hope you can investigate...
③I believe you will take my complaints seriously and...④I would like you to get this matter settled by the end of this month. 2.写作模板Dear _______ ,  My name is/I'm _______ (自我介绍). I am writing to you for something/to tell you something about _______ (投诉的内容).  _______(简述导致矛盾的事件). I _______(表达本人曾做过的努力). But _______(投诉原因一). Besides, _______(投诉原因二). To be frank, _______(客观的评论,以示诚恳). I do hope/I require that_______(表达本人期待的解决方案). 
Thank you for your time and careful consideration(投诉信结尾的常用语). Yours sincerely, Li Hua 八　通知1.常用语句(1)开头语①In order to celebrate... a meeting/party is to be held...②The student union has decided that...③Ladies and gentlemen, may I have your attention, please? I have an announcement to make.
④Attention, please. I have something important to tell you.(2)结束语①Come here on time and bring a pen and a notebook with you.②All the members are expected to attend it.③Please be there on time and don't be late.2.写作模板 模板1 Notice There will be _______ to be held on _______ (星期)/_______ (日期), at _______ (时刻) in _______ (地点). Problems to be talked about _______ include _______. You should _______. 
Everyone is required to be present on time.　　　　 _______(组织者)  模板2 口头通知 Boys and girls/Ladies and gentlemen/Friends,may I have your attention, please?I have an announcement to make. ____________________________ (具体的活动内容、时间、地点).All the ______________ (对象) are required ______________(要求).  That's all. Thank you.
九　新闻报道1.常用语句(1)开头语①On the afternoon of..., a(n)... was held by the Student Union in... ②In order to..., we held...last week.③Nowadays more and more people begin to realize/are aware of/notice the importance of...④Recently the issue/problem of...has been brought into focus/brought to public attention/concern.
(2)结束语①It was the first/second/...time that we had had the...and we all enjoyed it. ②It's such a meaningful activity that students are all looking forward to the next... ③There is no denying that the activity is definitely meaningful to us students.④We do hope more similar activities will be carried out in the future.
2.写作模板 通常标题已给出 第一段:简要概括事件,包括(when,where,who,what,why)。第二段:具体介绍事件的发展过程和结果,可按时间或空间顺序详细叙述事件发展过程。第三段:总结升华事件的反响或个人感悟。