高三英语下学期模拟试题03含解析

这是一份高三英语下学期模拟试题03含解析，共22页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，语法填空等内容，欢迎下载使用。

一、阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Prgramming Vlunteers Wanted!
Jeffersn Public Radi(JPR)currently has multiple pprtunities fr talented cmmunity members t jin the vlunteer prgramming staff. If yu have extensive(广博的) knwledge and lve fr ne r mre f the many types f music JPR bradcasts, we’d lve t start that cnversatin.
Our current pprtunities include:
Open Air Hst (Weekdays)JPR’s signature music shw is in need f a few new amazing substitute hsts(代理主持人)! We’re lking fr peple with unlimited curisity abut artists and musical styles, an artistic sensibility, and the desire t share music with thers. We’ll need yu bth fr training and fr the real deal either frm 8: 30 am t nn, r frm 11: 30 am t 3 pm. If yu’ve ever dreamt f ding a “dream jb” like playing music n the radi, we’d lve t have yu. Plus， yu’ ll be able t explre ur 25,000 album music library and get t use ur brand-new studis!
Classical Music Hst (Weekdays) We' re presently n the lkut fr ne r tw peple able t share their passin fr classical music with the JPR audience n an ccasinal substitute basis. Yu must have a deep knwledge f classical music, slid prnunciatin skills and a fair bit f cmputer prficiency(精通) t be successful, plus have time in yur schedule t be available(有空的) weekdays between7 am and 4 pm. We’ll prvide all f the training t have yu sunding like pr(职业主持人) in n time.
If yu are interested, please send an intrductry email t Eric Teel (teel(@su. edu) stating why yu are interested and why yu think yu'd be a great fit with the ther excellent cmmunity vlunteers wh keep JPR running smthly. N phne calls, please.
1. What is required if yu want t jin the prgrams?
A. Having a cnversatin with Eric Teel.
B. Receiving wrk-related training.
C. Learning abut a pr as much as pssible.
D. Having relevant hst experience.
2. What shuld be included in yur email?
A. A letter f recmmendatin.
B. Yur varied musical interests.
C. Why yu’re suitable fr the psitin.
D. Hw yu’ll cntribute t the running f JPR.
3. What is the purpse f the text?
A. T raise mney fr JPR.
B. T find vlunteers fr JPR.
C. T intrduce a smart career mve.
D. T encurage the music industry.
【答案】1-3 BCB
【语篇解读】本文是应用文。文章是一则美国杰斐逊公共广播电台招聘代理主持人的信息。
1. B。细节理解题。根据Open Air Hst (Weekdays)部分中的We'll need yu bth fr ... r frm 11:30 am t 3 pm以及Classical Music Hst (Weekdays)部分中的We'll prvide all f the training t have yu sunding like a pr in n time可知，你若想参加这两个项目，先得接受岗前培训。
2. C。细节理解题。根据最后一段中的why yu think yu'd be a great fit ... JPR running smthly可知，你需要在邮件中说明你适合这个岗位的原因。
3. B。推理判断题。根据标题Prgramming Vlunteers Wanted!以及第一段中的Jeffersn Public Radi ... jin the vlunteer prgramming staff可知，本文旨在为美国杰斐逊公共广播电台招聘志愿者。
B
Stepinac has becme ne f the first high schls in the cuntry t drp all textbks and replace them with a “digital library”. When students started classes n Mnday, they wuld install an app n their tablets r laptps and get instant access t all 40 texts in the Stepinac curriculum.
Dennis Laur, directr f an infrmatin center which prvided technical supprt fr public schls in New Yrk, said neither he nr his clleagues were aware f a similar digital effrt in a public schl setting. “This is the wave f the future,” Laur said. “I’m nt surprised that private schl wuld beat the public schls t it. They have the ability t just d it. There is s much plitics invlved in public schls, and when it cmes t a mve like that, they need apprval frm bards and cmmittees.”
Fr Tm Cllins, Stepinac’s president, the cmmitment t digital surce material was nt s difficult a decisin. In the past, students’ families had t spend up t $700 a year n textbks. This year-after the ne-time purchase f a tablet r laptp families nly need t pay $150. Using the digital library is almst as easy as pening a new bk. A student can instantly pen a map f Egypt r a speech by President Jhn F. Kennedy in a digital bk. A teacher can shw a page frm a digital bk n a whitebard at the frnt f the class r send students a link t a particular math prblem with ntes added in.
The first few weeks may bring sme challenges. Stepinac fficials expect sme parental discmfrt ver drpping cncrete bks. They recgnize there may be technical faults at first. And they will have t encurage students t leave space-eating phts and music ff their tablets --- and t keep their tablets charged.
4. What is ging n in Stepinac?
A. It’s building a new library. B. It’s refrming its textbks.
C. It’s updating its digital resurces.D. It’s changing its management pattern.
5. By saying the underlined sentence, Laur believes ____________.
A. private schls have their advantages
B. public schls face great challenges
C. the effrt is t cause instant changes
D. it’s a trend fr schls t g digital
6. Which f the fllwing is the advantage f using the digital library?
A. It helps students t remember well.
B. It helps save mney fr the students.
C. It includes all the knwledge students want t learn.
D. It gives students the chance t learn high technlgy.
7. Wh may wrry abut the mve in Stepinnc?
A. Officials. B. Technicians.C. Parents. D. Teachers.
【答案】4-7 BDBC
【语篇解读】 Stepinac中学正在尝试对传统的教科书进行改革，使用数字图书馆教学。这是未来教学的发展趋势，但是家长们对这一改革心存疑虑。
4. B细节理解题。根据第一段第一句可知，Stepinac中学放弃了传统的教科书，改用数字图书馆进行教学。因此, Stepinac中学正在对教科书进行改革。
5. D句意理解题。根据第二段第三、四句可知, 在Laur看来，私立学校先于公立学校使用数字图书馆进行教学一点儿也不奇怪，因为私立学校有更多的自由。而 Laur持有这种观点的前提是他赞同“数字化是未来教学的发展趋势”这一说法, 故D项符合语境。
6. B推理判断题。根据第三段第二、三句可知，在过去, 学生一年需要支付的教科书费高达700美元, 而在今年, 一次性购买电脑后, 学生只需支付150美元。由此可推知，使用数字图书馆可以帮学生省下一些教材费。
7. C细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句可知，有些父母可能会对学校摒弃使用传统教科书的做法心存疑虑。
C
When is cleaning walls a crime? When yu’re ding it t create art, bviusly. A number f street artists arund the wrld have started expressing themselves thrugh a practice knwn as reverse graffiti (涂鸦). They find dirty surfaces and paint them with images r messages using cleaning brushes r pressure hses (高压水管). Either way, it’s the same principle: the image is made by cleaning away the dirt. Each artist has their wn individual style but all artists share a cmmn aim: t draw attentin t the pllutin in ur cities.
The UK’s Paul Curtis, better knwn as Mse, perates arund Leeds and Lndn and has been appinted by a number f cmpanies t make reverse graffiti advertisements. Brazilian artist, Alexandre Orin, turned ne f Sa Paul’s transprt tunnels int an amazing wall painting in 2006 by getting rid f the dirt. Made up f series f white skulls (颅骨), the painting reminds drivers f the effect their pllutin is having n the planet. “Every mtrist sits in the cmfrt f their car, but they dn’t give any cnsideratin t the price their cmfrt has fr the envirnment and cnsequently fr themselves,” says Orin.
The anti-pllutin message f the reverse graffiti artists cnfuses city authrities since the main argument against graffiti is that it spils the appearance f bth types f prperty: public and private. This was what Leeds City Cuncil said abut Mse’s wrk: “Leeds residents want t live in clean and attractive neighbrhds. We view this kind f advertising as envirnmental damage and will take strng actin against it.” Mse was rdered t “clean up his act.” Hw was he suppsed t d this: by making all prperty he had cleaned dirty again?
As fr the Brazilian artist’s wrk, the authrities were annyed but culd find nthing t charge him with. They had n ther ptin but t clean the tunnel — but nly the parts Alexandre had already cleaned. The artist merely cntinued his campaign n the ther side. The city fficials then decided t take further actin. They nt nly cleaned the whle tunnel but every tunnel in Sa Paul.
8. What d we learn frm the passage abut reverse graffiti?
A. It uses paint t create anti-pllutin images.
B. It creates a lt f truble fr lcal residents.
C. It causes lts f distractin t drivers.
D. It turns dirty walls int artistic wrks.
9. What d we learn abut Brazilian artist Alexandre Orin?
A. He was gd at painting white skulls.
B. He chse tunnels t d his graffiti art.
C. He suggested banning all plluting cars.
D. He was fnd f ding creative artwrks.
10. What des the authr imply abut Leeds City Cuncil’s decisin?
A. It is simply absurd.B．It is well-infrmed.
C. It is rather unexpected.D．It is quite sensible.
11. Hw did Sa Paul city fficials handle Alexandre Orin's reverse graffiti?
A. They made him clean all the tunnels in Sa Paul.
B. They tk further actin t ban all reverse graffiti.
C. They charged him with plluting tunnels in the city.
D. They made it impssible fr him t practice his art.
【答案】8-11 ABAD
【语篇解读】这是一篇议论文。本文主要讨论涂鸦是否犯罪，讲述在涂鸦方面艺术家们和政府之间的矛盾：艺术家们为了呼吁环保而涂鸦，而政府因为保护环境禁止涂鸦。
8. A 细节理解题。根据第一段“t draw attentin t the pllutin in ur cities(关注我们城市的污染)”及第三段“The anti-pllutin message f the reverse graffiti(反污染意义的涂鸦)”可知，艺术家们涂鸦是为了创造反污染的概念。故选A项。
9. B 细节理解题。根据第二段“Brazilian artist, Alexandre Orin, turned ne f Sa Paul's transprt tunnels int an amazing wall painting in 2006 by getting rid f the dirt.(在2006年，巴西艺术家Alexandre Orin把Sa Paul的交通隧道变成令人惊奇的涂鸦墙，使交通隧道摆脱尘土)”可知，Alexandre Orin在交通隧道里涂鸦。故选B项。
10. A 推理判断题。根据第三段 “We view this kind f advertising as envirnmental damage and will take strng actin against it.(我们认为这种广告会破坏环境，所以要强力反对)”及“Mse was rdered t “clean up his act.”(Mse被命令“改过自新”)”可知，前文讲述艺术家为了呼吁环保而涂鸦，但是当局却认为涂鸦是污染环境的行为，禁止艺术家涂鸦。再根据“Hw was he suppsed t d this: by making all prperty he had cleaned dirty again?(该怎么做呢？要把他所有干净的杰作再弄脏吗？)”可推知，作者提出这样的问题是为了表达对当局做法的否定。故选A项。
11. D 推理判断题。根据第四段“They nt nly cleaned the whle tunnel but every tunnel in Sa Paul.(他们不仅要清除这个隧道的涂鸦，还有Sa Paul里的每一个隧道)”可推知，圣保罗市的官员们让亚历山大·奥利翁的涂鸦成为不可能。故选D项。
D
A new study, published this week in the jurnal Frntiers in Veterinary Science, reveals that nn-human animals' tears are nt s different frm ur wn. The chemical similarities are s great, in fact, that the cmpsitin f ther species' tears—and hw they're adapted t their envirnments-may prvide insights int better treatments fr human eye disease.
Previusly, scientists had studied clsely nly the tears f a handful f mammals, including humans, dgs, hrses, camels, and mnkeys. In the new study, Brazilian veterinarians analyzed the tears f reptiles and birds fr the first time , fcusing n seven species.
Tears, which are released frm tear tubes, frm a film ver the eye that's cmpsed f three ingredients: mucus, waler, and il. The mucus cats the eyes surface and helps t attach the film t the eye, the water is a natural salty slutin cntaining crucial prteins and minerals, and the il prevents the eye frm drying ut.
Humans are the nly knwn species t prduce emtinal tears; the expressin "crcdile tears," which refers t a persn's phny display f emtin, cmes frm the mysterius tendency f crcdiles t release tears as they eat.
But tears play key rles beynd weeping, ntes Linel Sebbag at Iwa State University, wh was nt invlved in the new research. They help with visin by lubricating and clearing the eye. They als prtect the eye against infectin and prvide nutritin t the crnea, the eye's clear uter layer, which lacks bld tubes, he says.
Learning hw reptiles and birds' use tears may als inspire new medicatins fr cnditins such as dry eye, which ccurs when tear tubes dn't prduce enugh il. The disease, cmmn in cats, dgs, and peple, can smetimes lead t blindness.
12. What is paragraph 3 mainly abut?
A. The surce f tears.B. The cmpsitin f tears.
C. The classificatin f tears,D. The definitin f tears.
13. What des the underlined wrd "phny” in paragraph 4 mean?
A. Tricky.B. Regretful.C. Cld.D. False.
14. Which statement des Linel Sebbag agree with?
A. Weeping cntributes t eye disease.B. The crnea has rich bld tubes.
C. Tears il and clear the eyes.D. Mre tears mean better visin.
15. What might be the best title fr the text?
A. Tears, a barrier t eyesB. A better treatment fr eye disease
C. Nn-human tears prmise new curesD. Other species’ tears are similar t humans'
【答案】12-15 BDCC
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。一项新研究表明，动物的眼泪与人类的眼泪并没有太大不同，实际上这些眼泪为治愈人类的一些疾病提供了思路。
12. B 主旨大意题。根据第三段“Tears, which are released frm tear tubes, frm a film ver the eye that's cmpsed f three ingredients: mucus, waler, and il. The mucus cats the eyes surface and helps t attach the film t the eye, the water is a natural salty slutin cntaining crucial prteins and minerals, and the il prevents the eye frm drying ut. (眼泪从泪管中释放出来，在眼睛上形成一层薄膜，由三种成分组成：粘液、水和油脂。粘液覆盖了眼睛表面，有助于将眼膜附着在眼睛上。水是一种天然的含盐溶液，含有重要的蛋白质和矿物质，油可以防止眼睛干燥)”可知，第三段主要讲了眼泪的成分。故选B。
13. D 词义猜测题。根据画线词后文“display f emtin, cmes frm the mysterius tendency f crcdiles t release tears as they eat”可知，鳄鱼进食的时候会流泪，所以“鳄鱼的眼泪”指的是一个人虚假的情感表达。即画线词意思是“虚假的”。A. Tricky.狡猾的；B. Regretful.后悔的；C. Cld.寒冷的；D. False.虚假的。故选D。
14. C 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“But tears play key rles beynd weeping, ntes Linel Sebbag at Iwa State University, wh was nt invlved in the new research. They help with visin by lubricating and clearing the eye.(但爱荷华州立大学的Linel Sebbag指出，眼泪在哭泣之外还发挥着关键作用，他没有参与这项新研究。它们通过润滑和清洁眼睛来帮助视力)”可知，C选项“眼泪可以润滑和清洁眼睛”的观点Linel Sebbag可能同意。故选C。
15. C 主旨大意题。根据第一段“A new study, published this week in the jurnal Frntiers in Veterinary Science, reveals that nn-human animals' tears are nt s different frm ur wn. The chemical similarities are s great, in fact, that the cmpsitin f ther species' tears—and hw they're adapted t their envirnments-may prvide insights int better treatments fr human eye disease. (本周发表在《兽医科学前沿》杂志上的一项新研究表明，动物的眼泪与人类的眼泪并没有太大不同。事实上，它们的化学成分非常相似，以至于其他物种的眼泪的组成以及它们如何适应环境，可能为更好地治疗人类眼病提供了思路)”可知，文章主要介绍的是动物的眼泪为治疗人类眼病提供了思路，C选项“动物的眼泪预示着新的治疗方法”最符合文章标题。故选C。
二、七选五 (共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Learning Is Everywhere and Anytime
Emplyees nwadays are faced with majr changes in their wrking life. Besides their daily
tasks and respnsibilities, they are als learners. Specifically, they are learners faced with an
infrmatin verlad and abve all, a limited amunt f time. In rder t catch all the pprtunities learning has t ffer, learning shuld be able t ccur anywhere, at any time. _____16______.
This first challenge fr all the learners invlved in the e-learning area is that yur cntents shuld be available n smartphnes and mbile Internet devices, r yu wn't have any chance t be cmpetitive in the e-learning field. _____17______. Did yu knw that the rate f infrmatin has tripled (增长三倍)in the last 3 years alne? Peple are verladed with tls and need guidance t learn hw t learn in the digital age.
_____18______. Micr-learning makes learning easier with smaller learning units and shrt-term-fcused activities. As experts say, repetitive learning thrugh putting the learning prcess int daily rutines is highly effective. And yu can imprve the learner experience by ffering s-called learning nugget in an ATAWADAC style: Any Time, Any Where, Any Device, Any Cntent.
T bst the learner experience, yu need t select nly cntent that is relevant t yu. Create yur wn persnalized n-demand learning library, by piling up interesting learning cntent that yu can easily get. _____19______, yu can create yur daily learning jurney by cnsuming bite-sized learning cntent n.
_____20______.
• Increase the cmpletin rate.
• Give visibility t nbarding prgrammes: newcmers can have access t entry-level prgrammes everywhere and at any time.
• Give feedback befre r after training lessns.
【答案】16-20 FEDGB
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种学习活动——微学习，这种学习可以
帮助人们解决学习的局限性。
16. F 上文“Specifically, they are learners faced with an infrmatin verlad and abve all, a
limited amunt f time.（具体来说, 他们是学习者, 面对的是信息过载, 最重要的是, 有限
的时间。）”说明每个人的学习都有局限性。F选项It shuld als take int cnsideratin f the
limitatins f the individual.（它还应该考虑到个人的局限性。）说明学习还要考虑个人的局限
性, 符合文意。故选F项。
17. E 下文“Did yu knw that the rate f infrmatin has tripled in the last 3 years alne? Peple
are verladed with tls and need guidance t learn hw t learn in the digital age.（你知道仅在
过去的三年里，信息的传播速度就增长了两倍吗?在数字时代，人们的工具太多了，需要有
人来指导他们如何学习。）”说明数字时代的人们面对的信息量很大。E选项Besides, peple
are faced with an infrmatin verlad.（此外，人们面临着信息过载。）符合下文文意。故选
E项。
18. D 上文“Specifically, they are learners faced with an infrmatin verlad and abve all, a
limited amunt f time.（具体来说，他们是学习者，面对的是信息过载，最重要的是，有限
的时间。）”说明每个人的学习都面临着一定的局限性的挑战。下文“Micr - learning makes
learning easier with smaller learning units and shrt - term - fcused activities.（微学习使学习更
容易与更小的学习单元和短期关注的活动。）”说明微学习可以解决信息过载时间有限等问题。
D选项Micr-learning frms an answer fr learner's challenges.（微学习为学习者的挑战提供了
答案。）符合上下文意。故选D项。
19. G 上文“This first challenge fr all the learners invlved in the e-learning area is that yur
cntents shuld be available n smartphnes and mbile Internet devices, r yu wn't have any
chance t be cmpetitive in the e-learning field.（对于所有参与电子学习领域的学习者来说，
第一个挑战是，你的内容必须在智能手机和移动互联网设备上可用，否则你将没有任何机会
在电子学习领域具有竞争力。）”说明移动设备的必要性。下文 “yu can create yur daily
learning jurney by cnsuming bite - sized learning cntent n（您可以通过在网上消费小规模
的学习内容来创建您的日常学习之旅）”说明需要创建日常学习之旅需要移动设备。G选项
By means f ne mbile device (tablet, phne, applicatin)（通过一个移动设备（平板、电话、
应用程序））符合上下文意。故选G项。
20. B 下文“Increase the cmpletin rate.（提高完成率。）”“Give visibility t nbarding
prgrammes: newcmers can have access t entry - level prgrammes everywhere and at any time.
（提供入职培训:新员工可以随时随地参加入门级培训。）”“Give feedback befre r after
training lessns.（在培训课程之前或之后给予反馈。）”说明这些都是微学习的优点。B选项
Here are sme benefits f micr - learning.（以下是微观学习的一些好处。）符合文意。故选B
项。
三、完形填空：（共15题；每题1分）请认真阅读下面短文，从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，
As ur Earth’s temperature warms up because f climate change, it is having unexpected effects n ur wrld’s frests. When temperatures rise, trees clse their skins t _____21______ the lss f water, and this, in turn, slws dwn the _____22______f phtsynthesis(光合作用). As a result, these trees are shrter and grw slwly, as well as have a _____23______death rate.
Climate change als increases the _____24______f drughts and wildfires. After wildfires, it takes a while fr the frest systems t _____25______, and in sme cases, the frests are_____26______ permanently. Trees that are stressed are als_____27______t attacks by bacteria(细菌). In trpical frests, vines that use the trees as_____28______can ften chke the trees and rb them f nutrients. Finally, humans have _____29______the frest landscape thrugh lgging. When trees are replanted n the sil, they will never grw as large as the _____30______trees that were cut dwn.
As these frests disappear, species that nce called them “hme” are frced t change, _____31______ the variety f thse systems. _____32______, sme endangered species are unable t _____33______and die. Old-grwth frests are disappearing in all regins f ur wrld. When frests die, yunger frests that are reestablished in the same area grw back weaker and smaller _____34______ pr vegetatin. With trees dying increasingly and cntinuusly, will future generatins _____35______ut n the wnders f frests?
21. A. prtectB. preventC. saveD. free
22. A. mvementB. situatinC. prcessD. peratin
23. A. higherB. firmerC. lighterD. smaller
24. A. chiceB. measureC. qualificatinD. chance
25. A. grwB. rescueC. recverD. decline
26. A. ignredB. lstC. hurtD. left
27. A. accessibleB. enjyableC. acceptableD. favrable
28. A. attentinB. cmmandC. trustD. supprt
29. A. frightenedB. paidC. ruinedD. wasted
30. A. cmmnB. riginalC. distantD. strng
31. A. affectingB. imprvingC. frgettingD. reflecting
32. A. BesidesB. SurprisinglyC. OtherwiseD. Unfrtunately
33. A. devteB. keepC. adaptD. lead
34. A. due tB. in additin tC. instead fD. in spite f
35. A. passB. missC. breakD. bring
【答案】21-25 BCADC 26-30 BADCB 31-35 ADCAB
【语篇解读】 这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了由于气候变化，地球温度上升，这对我们世界的森林产生了意想不到的影响。先是温度上升导致树木矮小，生长缓慢，死亡率高；其次，气候变化也增加了干旱和野火的可能性，野火导致了森林的消失，因此以森林为“家”的物种被迫发生改变，甚至死亡。
21. B考查动词词义辨析。句意：当温度上升时，树木会将树皮闭合，以防止水分流失，而这反过来又会减慢光合作用的进程。A. prtect保护；B. prevent阻止；C. save拯救；D. free释放。根据后文the lss f water可知树木将皮肤闭合是为了阻止水分的流失。故选B。
22. C 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当温度上升时，树木会将树皮闭合，以防止水分流失，而这反过来又会减慢光合作用的进程。A. mvement活动；B. situatin情况；C. prcess进程；D. peratin操作。结合上下文语境，树木闭合了树皮来防止水分流失，这反过来又减缓了光合作用的进程（prcess）。故选C。
23. A 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因此，这些树较矮，生长缓慢，死亡率也较高。A. higher更高的；B. firmer更坚固的；C. lighter更明亮的；D. smaller更小的。根据上文these trees are shrter and grw slwly可知树木矮小，生长缓慢，所以死亡率也会更高了。故选A。
24. D 考查名词词义辨析。句意：气候变化也增加了干旱和野火的可能性。A. chice选择；B. measure测量；C. qualificatin资格；D. chance可能性，机会。根据后文After wildfires可知全球气温升高增加了干旱和野火发生的可能性。故选D。
25. C 考查动词词义辨析。句意：野火过后，森林系统需要一段时间才能恢复，在某些情况下，森林会永久无法恢复。A. grw生长；B. rescue营救；C. recver恢复；D. decline下降。结合上文After wildfires, it takes a while fr the frest systems t可知野火焚烧了森林之后，森林系统需要时间才能恢复。故选C。
26. B 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：野火过后，森林系统需要一段时间才能恢复，在某些情况下，森林会永久无法恢复。A. ignred被忽视的；B. lst无法恢复的；C. hurt受伤的；D. left左边的。结合上文可知野火焚烧了森林，森林需要时间来恢复，但是某些情况下，森林也可能不能恢复了。故选B。
27. A 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：压力大的树木也容易受到细菌的攻击。A. accessible易接近的；B. enjyable快乐的；C. acceptable可接受的；D. favrable赞成的。根据后文t attacks by bacteria可知树木也容易受到细菌的攻击。短语be accessible t“容易进入的，容易接近的”。故选A。
28. D 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在热带森林中，以树木为支撑的藤本植物经常会窒息树木，并剥夺树木的营养。A. attentin注意力；B. cmmand命令；C. trust信任；D. supprt支撑，支持。结合上文vines that use the trees as可知藤本植物是以树木为支撑的，故选D。
29. C 考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，人类通过伐木，毁坏了森林景观。A. frightened使害怕；B. paid支付；C. ruined毁灭；D. wasted浪费。结合后文the frest landscape thrugh lgging可知人类伐木毁坏了森林景观。故选C。
30. B 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当树木被重新种植在土壤上时，它们永远不会长得像原来被砍伐的树那么大。A. cmmn普通的；B. riginal原来的；C. distant遥远的；D. strng强壮的。结合后文trees that were cut dwn可知此处指的是，人们新种植的树木，不会长得像原来被砍伐的树那么大了。故选B。
31. A 考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着这些森林的消失，曾经把它们称为“家”的物种被迫改变，影响了这些系统的多样性。A. affecting影响；B. imprving改善；C. frgetting忘记；D. reflecting放射。承接上文As these frests disappear, species that nce called them “hme” are frced t change可知森林的消失，改变了这些物种，也影响了这些物种的多样性。故选A。
32. D 考查副词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，一些濒危物种无法适应而死亡。A. Besides而且；B. Surprisingly惊人地；C. Otherwise否则；D. Unfrtunately不幸地。根据后文sme endangered species are unable t可知某些物种很不幸地是，无法适应这些改变，只能死亡。故选D。
33. C 考查动词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，一些濒危物种无法适应而死亡。A. devte贡献；B. keep保持；C. adapt适应；D. lead带领。根据上文species that nce called them “hme” are frced t change可知物种被迫发生改变了，而某些物种无法适应，只能死去。故选C。
34. A 考查短语辨析。句意：当森林死亡时，在同一地区重新建立的年轻森林由于植被不良，而变得更弱更小。A. due t因为；B. in additin t另外；C. instead f而不是；D. in spite f尽管。根据后文pr vegetatin可知此处指年轻森林由于（due t）植被不良，而变得更弱更小。故选A。
35. B 考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着树木不断地死亡，子孙后代会错过森林的奇迹吗？A. pass通过；B. miss错过；C. break打破；D. bring带来。结合后文ut n the wnders f frests可知此处指错过森林的奇迹。短语miss ut“错过”。故选B。
四、语法填空：（共10小题；每题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The discvery f the first Dead Sea Scrlls(《死海古卷》), cnsidered t be the mst significant archaelgical event f the twentieth century, ccurred in 1947 in Qumran, brdering n the Dead Sea. _____36_____ (search) fr a gat that had gt lst, a man _____37_____ (name) Muhammed walked alng the sea cliffs and _____38_____ (accident) came acrss clay jar cntaining ancient scrlls(卷轴). Then they were sld t Prfessr Eliezer Sukennik. He was sure that the scrlls were genuine, which was the first time that a biblical(《圣经》的) schlar _____39_____(examine) the scrlls.
Ten years later, eleven mre caves arund the Dead Sea _____40_____ (find) t cntain tens f thusands f scrll fragments(碎片), amng _____41_____ are the ldest knwn versins f the Hebrew Scriptures. Sme scrlls were carefully placed, while thers appeared t be thrwn in _____42_____ hurry. What is remarkable abut the ancient scrlls is their age. _____43_____ (date) frm the 3rd century BC t AD 68, the scrlls are mstly written in Hebrew and include the ldest biblical texts ever fund, cnsisting _____44_____ passages frm every bk f the Hebrew Bible, with the _____45_____ (except) f the Bk f Esther.
【语篇解读】短文主要讲述了《死海古卷》的偶然发现极其考古学的重大意义。
36. T search 考查非谓语动词。____36____ (search) fr gat that had gt lst是 Muhammed walked alng the sea cliffs的目的，应用动词不定式作目的状语, 故填 T search注意首字母要大写。
37. named 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知, ____37____ (name) Muhammed作后置定语，修饰a man，name逻辑主语a man之间是被动关系, 应用过去分词, 故填 named。
38. accidentally考查词性转换。修饰动词短语came acrss应用副词, 故填 accidentally。
39. had examined 考查时态。此处是“It is/ was the first time + that从句”句型, 强调第一次做的事对现在的影响, 应用完成时态; 根据空前的was可知, 从句应用过去完成时, 故填 had examined。
40. were fund 考查时态和被动语态。动词find和主语 eleven mre caves之间是被动关系，应用被动语态;根据空前的时间状语 Ten years later及上文中的in1947可知，“被发现”是过去发生的事情, 应用一般过去时, 故填 were fund。
41. which考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知, amng ____41____ are the ldest knwn versins f the Hebrew Scriptures是非限制性定语从句, 修饰先行词 scrll fragments，关系词在从句中作主语, 且前有介词 amng, 故填 which。
42. a考查冠词。in a hurry是固定短语, 意为“仓促，匆忙”，故填a。
43. Dating考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，____43____ (date) frm the 3rd century BC t AD68作8i状语, 动词date和逻辑主语 the scrlls之间是主动关系, 应用现在分词, 故填 Dating注意首字母要大写。
44. f考查介词。cnsist f是固定短语, 意为“由组成”，故填f。
45. exceptin考查词性转换。根据空后的f短语及空前的定冠词the可知, 此处应用名词, 故填 exceptin。
第二部分 写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的美国笔友Chris正在学习汉语。他得知你校在线开设 了中国诗词课程，非常感兴趣并想参加学习，便写信给你，希望你介绍相关情况。请根据 以下提示给他写一封回信。
内容包括：⑴你校使用钉钉（DingTalk）软件进行在线教学此课程；（2）使用钉钉（DingTalk）的方法；（3）在线中国诗词课程的特色。
注意：（1）词数80左右；（2）开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Chris,
I’m glad that yu shw great interest in Chinese culture.
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
Lking frward t yur reply.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【参考范文】
Dear Chris,
I’m glad that yu shw great interest in Chinese culture. I’m writing t tell yu the curse f Chinese petry nline in detail.
An applicatin called DingTalk acts as class temprarily, which is simple and cnvenient t use. First, dwnlad this applicatin and enter the class grup. Next, click the buttn f “class nline” and find the live telecast t learn the class nline.
The curse f Chinese petry nline has its wn advantages. Nt nly can we play it again and again, but we can pause and g back at any time if we dn’t understand what teachers say. （Besides, the teacher culd put mre interesting examples withut wrrying abut time f class because we can speed up the class r skip the chapter we dn’t need.）I hpe what I say can be helpful fr yu.
Lking frward t yur reply.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给正在学习汉语的美国笔友Chris介绍学校开设的在线中国诗词课程的相关情况。
【详解】
第一步：审题
体裁：应用文
时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时。
结构：总分法
总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。
要求：
1.你校使用钉钉（DingTalk）软件进行在线教学此课程；
2. 使用钉钉（DingTalk）的方法；
3. 在线中国诗词课程的特色。
第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）
be glad that; shw great interest in; as we knw; acts as; nt nly…but als; besides; speed up; be helpful fr; lking frward t
第三步：连词成句
1. I’m glad that yu shw great interest in Chinese culture.
2. As we knw, we are living in a high-tech era, an applicatin called DingTalk acts as class temprarily.
3. Nt nly can we play it again and again, but als we can pause and g back at any time if yu dn’t understand what teachers say.
（4. Besides, the teacher culd put mre interesting examples withut wrrying abut time f class because we can speed up the class r skip the chapter we dn’t need.）
5. I hpe what I say can be helpful fr yu.
6. Lking frward t yur reply.
根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）
1.表文章结构顺序：First, Next
2.表并列补充关系：Besides, Nt nly…but (als)
3.表转折对比关系：Hwever, On the cntrary, but, Althugh+clause(从句), In spite f+n/ding,On the ne hand…,On the ther hand… Sme…,while thers…,as fr, s…that… （供参考）
4.表因果关系：Because, As, S, Thus, Therefre, As a result （供参考）
连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，
【点睛】
[高分句型1]
An applicatin called DingTalk acts as class temprarily, which is simple and cnvenient t use.(运用了非限制性定语从句，同时使用了不定式的主动表被动，作状语。)
[高分句型2]
Nt nly we yu play it again and again, but als we can pause and g back at any time if yu dn’t understand what teachers say. （运用了Nt nly…but als结构的倒装以及if引导的条件状语从句）
（[高分句型3]
Besides, the teacher culd put mre interesting examples withut wrrying abut time f class because we can speed up the class r skip the chapter we dn’t need. （运用了because引导的原因状语从句和定语从句））
第二节 (满分25 分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成- -篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
One day, when I was a freshman in high schl, I saw a kid frm my class walking hme frm schl. His name was Kyle. It lked like he was carrying all f his bks. I thught t myself: Why wuld anyne bring hme all his bks n Friday? He must really be nerd(书呆子)”
As I was walking, I saw a bunch f kids running tward him. They ran at him, kncking all his bks ut f his arms and tripping him s he landed in the dirt. His glasses went flying, and I saw them land in the grass abut ten feet frm him. He lked up and I saw this terrible sadness in his eyes. S, I jgged ver t him and as he crawled arund lking fr his glasses, I saw a tear in his eye. As I handed him his glasses, he said, "thanks!" There was a big smile n his face. It was ne f thse smiles that shwed real gratitude. We talked all the way hme, and I carried his bks. He turned ut t be a pretty cl kid. The mre I gt t knw Kyle, the mre I liked him.
Over next fur years, Kyle and I became the best friends. When we were senirs, he had the highest marks in the class and was chsen t give a speech at the graduatin ceremny. I teased him all the time abut being a nerd. He had t prepare a lt, and I was s glad it wasn't me having t get up there and speak.
Graduatin day, I saw Kyle. said. "Hey big guy, yu'll be great!" He lked at me with ne f thse lks, the really grateful ne, and said "Thanks," smiling.
As he started his speech, he cleared his thrat and began. “Graduatin is a time t thank thse wh helped yu make it thrugh thse tugh years. Yur parents, yur teachers, yur siblings, maybe a mstly yur friends. I am here t tell all f yu that being a friend t smene is the best gift yu can give him r her. I am ging t tell yu a stry.
注意: 1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右
2. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。
Paragraph 1:
I just lked at my friend with disbelief as he tld the stry f the first day we met.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
I smiled back in tears._________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
I just lked at my friend with disbelief as he tld the stry f the first day we met. Kyle had planned t kill himself ver the weekend. He talked f hw he had cleaned ut his lcker s his Mm wuldn’t have t d it later and was carrying his stuff hme. Meanwhile, I fund he lked hard at me and gave me a little smile. "Thankfully, I was saved. My friend saved me frm ding the unspeakable." I heard the gasp g thrugh the crwd as this handsme, ppular by tld us all abut his weakest mment. When his eyes caught mine, I was able t see fears shimmered in his smiling eyes.
I smiled back in tears. Nt until that mment did I realize what a big difference ne small gesture had made t him. I even saw his Mm and Dad lking at me and smiling that same grateful smile. It dawned n me that never shuld we underestimate the pwer f ur actins. With ne small gesture we can change a persn's life. Fr better r fr wrse.
【分析】本文是一篇读后续写。要求考生就所给故事续写150字的文章，使之成为一个完整的故事。
【详解】前文主要讲作者上高中时，有一天看到了同班的凯尔带着所有的书回家。一群孩子将凯尔撞倒在地。作者跑过去，帮助凯尔把书和眼镜捡了起来。后来两个人成了好朋友。毕业典礼的时候，凯尔被选去做毕业典礼演讲。他在演讲时，要给大家讲一个故事。那么，下文中，首先要接着叙述凯尔讲的故事。
1. 段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“他正在讲述我们第一天见面的故事时，我只是不相信地看着我的朋友”他讲述的故事应该出乎我的意料，根据所给关键词 sadness，smile，grateful可以推知，这个故事肯定和凯尔当时的情绪有关系，也与我有关。
②由第二段首句内容“我含着泪回以微笑”可知，第二段可描写故事由悲转喜并且这件事让Karl对作者心存感激，对他的高中生活有很大的影响。最后，作者应该叙述自己听到凯尔讲的故事之后的感受。还要注意第一段的结尾应该有看向作者的细节动作。
2. 续写线索：计划自杀或者弃学——清理书本——遇到作者——开始友情——挽救生命——感恩对视——善意的力量。
3.词汇激活
行为类: 计划自杀：plan t kill neself; 清理干净 clean ut; 扛回家 carry sth. hme;
从…拯救某人save sb. frm …; 产生巨大影响：make a big difference
情绪类: 闪烁 shimmer 最弱的weakest 感谢的 grateful/thankful
【点睛】
[高分句型1]
It was nt until that mment that realized hw much a small gesture had affected him. 直到那一刻，我才意识到一个小小的举动对他的影响有多大。本句使用了强调句型。
[高分句型2]
This handsme, ppular by tld us all abut his weakest mment，which made the crwd amazing. 这位英俊、受欢迎的男孩向我们讲述了他最脆弱的时刻，这让观众们惊叹不已。本句使用了 which引导的非限定性定语从句。A. Hw t increase micr-learning?
B. Here are sme benefits f micr-learning.
C. It's imprtant t knw repetitive learning t.
D. Micr-learning frms an answer fr learner's challenges.
E. Besides, peple are faced with an infrmatin verlad.
F. It shuld als take int cnsideratin f the limitatins f the individual
G. By means f ne mbile device (tablet, phne, applicatin)