人教版 (2019)必修 第一册Unit 5 Languages around the world课文内容ppt课件

这是一份人教版 (2019)必修 第一册Unit 5 Languages around the world课文内容ppt课件，共53页。PPT课件主要包含了单元语法精析，of which　，of whom　，to whom　，in which　，were　，was　，whom　，them　，whose　等内容，欢迎下载使用。
Sectin Ⅱ　Discvering Useful Structures
语法点拨一、关系副词引导的定语从句引导定语从句的关系副词包括when, where, why，一般代替先行词在从句中作状语，表示时间、地点、原因。其具体用法见下表：
关系副词和“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句
1．when的用法when指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。它的先行词通常为time，day，mrning，night，week，year等表示时间的名词。There was a time when a deep blue sky, the sng f the birds，mnlight and flwers culd never have kept me spellbund.曾有一段时间，湛蓝的天空、鸟儿的歌唱、月光和鲜花从未令我心迷神往过。
We will put ff the picnic in the park until next week, when the weather may be better.我们将把在公园举行的野餐推迟到下周，那时天气可能比现在好。
先行词是表示时间的词时，关系词是否用when，还需要判断关系词在从句中所作的成分。We still remember the days when we spent ur hliday tgether.我们仍然记得我们在一起度假的那些日子。(when在从句中作时间状语)We still remember the days (that/which) we spent tgether.我们仍然记得我们一起度过的那些日子。(that/which在从句中作宾语)
2．where的用法where指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。它的先行词通常为place，spt，street，huse，rm，city，twn，cuntry等表示地点的名词或pint (地步)，case(情况)，situatin(情形)，psitin(位置)，stage(阶段)等表示抽象地点的名词。
The mvie is set in a small twn where the nly mvie theatre is preparing t clse dwn.这部电影以一座小镇为背景，这座小镇唯一的电影院即将倒闭。They went t the Ryal Theatre, where they saw an interesting play.他们去了皇家剧院，在那里看了一场有趣的戏剧。What are sme situatins where bdy language is the nly frm f cmmunicatin?在哪些情况下身体语言是唯一的沟通方式？
先行词是表示地点的词时，关系词是否用where，还需要判断关系词在从句中所作的成分。This is the huse where we visited the famus writer last year.去年我们就是在这所房子里拜访了那位著名作家。(where在从句中作地点状语)The huse(that/which) we visited last year is ver 500 years ld.我们去年参观的那个房子有500多年的历史了。(that/which在从句中作宾语)
3．why的用法why指原因或理由，它的先行词只有reasn，why在限制性定语从句中作原因状语。I have cme arund t explain the reasn why(＝fr which) I was absent frm the meeting.我来是为了解释我当时没有到会的原因的。
先行词是reasn时，关系词是否用why，还需要判断关系词在从句中所作的成分。This is the reasn why he was late.这就是他迟到的原因。(why在从句中原因作状语)Please tell me the reasn (that/which) he explained t yu.请告诉我他向你解释的原因。(that/which在从句中作宾语)
4．the way作先行词首先要确定关系词在定语从句中作什么成分。(1)如果关系词在定语从句中作主语或宾语，则用关系代词that或which。The way (that/which) he thught f t slve the prblem was nt practical.他所想到的解决这个问题的方法不切实际。(2)如果关系词在定语从句中作状语，则用关系词in which，that或省略。This is the way (that/in which) he learns English.这就是他学习英语的方法。
单句改错①I ften think f the days when we spent n the island tgether.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________②There are sme reasns which they d this.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
when→which/that或删除when　先行词为the days，代入定语从句中作spent的宾语，因此选用关系代词which，that或者省略。　在which前加fr或which→why　先行词为sme reasns，代入定语从句后为they d this fr sme reasns，因此用why或者fr which引导定语从句。　
③I hpe I can be admitted t a gd cllege, which I will have a chance t imprve my English further._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________④The first thing I wuld say is that the way which yu begin the cnversatin is very imprtant.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
在which前加in或which→where　先行词为a gd cllege，代入非限制性定语从句后为 my English further in the cllege，因此用where引导，或使用in which。　在which前加in或which→that或删除which　先行词是the way，代入到定语从句中充当方式状语，因此在which前加in，或which改为that，或删除which。　
⑤The bss f the cmpany is trying t create an easy atmsphere which his emplyees enjy their wrk.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
在which前加in或which→where　先行词为atmsphere，代入定语从句后为his emplyees enjy their wrk in this atmsphere，关系词在定语从句中充当地点状语，也可采用“介词＋关系代词”的方式。因此用where或者in which。　
⑥This is the museum where yu visited the ther day._________________________________________________________________________________________⑦Have yu ever been t Wuhan, where I left 5 years ag?______________________________________________________________________________________________________
where→that/which或删除where　关系词指代先行词museum，在定语从句中充当visited的宾语。　where→which　引导词引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为Wuhan，引导词在从句中充当left的宾语且不能省去。　
二、“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句1．在这种结构中，若关系代词指人，只能用whm；若关系代词指物，只能用which。It was in 1952 and Mandela was the black lawyer t whm I went fr advice.那是在1952年，曼德拉当时是一位黑人律师，我向他寻求建议。I’ll never frget the day n which (＝when) I first met yu.我永远不会忘记初次见你的那一天。
This is the twn in which (＝where) Shakespeare was brn.这就是莎士比亚出生的城镇。I frgt the exact place t which (＝where) I had paid a visit.我忘记了已经参观过的确切地点。There’s n reasn fr which (＝why) we can betray ur friends.我们没有理由背叛朋友。I’d like yu t explain the reasn fr which(＝why) yu were absent.我想让你解释一下你没来的原因。
“名词/代词/数词/最高级＋f＋关系代词”结构比如：nne/sme/several/a few/many/mre/mst/tw/the biggest f which/whm等。The jurney arund the wrld wuld take the sailr nine mnths, the sailing time f which (＝f which the sailing time) was 226 days.环游世界花费了水手们九个月的时间，其中航行时间是226天。
Here are the questins, nne f which (＝f which nne) I thught are difficult fr yu.就是这些问题，我认为对你来说没有一个是困难的。Present at the meeting were almst experts n AI, mst f whm (＝f whm mst) were male.出席会议的大都是人工智能方面的专家，其中大部分是男性。
2．关系代词前介词的选用(1)依据定语从句中动词的习惯搭配来确定。Clse friends are thse t whm yu feel s clse that it is hard t imagine life withut them.密友就是那些你感到如此亲近的人，以至于你无法想象没有他们的生活。(feel clse t)Charity is the cause t which he is devted.慈善是他挚爱的事业。(be devted t)
(2)依据与先行词的搭配来确定。This is the farm n which he wrks.这就是他工作的农场。(n the farm)(3)根据所表达的意思来确定。The clurless gas withut which we cannt live is called xygen.这种无色的气体就是氧气，离开了它我们不能生存。
有些“动词(＋名词)＋介词”的固定搭配，如lk fr，lk after，call n，take care f等，不能把介词提到关系代词前。My yungest brther, after whm I have t lk, is very naughty.(×)My yungest brther, whm I have t lk after, is very naughty.(√)
用“介词＋关系代词”填空①Gun cntrl is a subject __________________ Americans have argued fr a lng time.解析：先行词是subject，指物，argue为不及物动词，关系词在从句中作介词的宾语，介词前置，介词与从句的动词构成搭配argue ver/abut sth。
ver/abut which　
②We must wrk even harder during the cming winter hliday and never frget that we are part f the schl ___________ the name is Guangming Senir High Schl.解析：f which the name＝the name f which＝whse name。故用f which。③In ur class there are 46 students, __________ half wear glasses.解析：定语从句的主语可还原为half f the students。因而使用f whm。
④The pen _____________ he is writing is mine.解析：根据搭配write with the pen可知。应使用with which。⑤He bught a bk yesterday, the writer ___________ is a teacher.解析：bk是先行词，指物，还原到定语从句中为the writer f the bk。故用f which。⑥I dn’t think the number f the peple __________ this happens is very large.解析：peple是先行词，指人，还原到定语从句中为this happens t the peple。故用t whm。
with which　
⑦In the street, there wasn’t a single persn __________ she culd turn fr help.解析：persn是先行词，还原到定语从句中为she culd turn t the persn fr help。turn t sb fr help是固定搭配，意为“求助于某人”。关系代词whm指代persn。⑧The way ___________ Miss Liu teaches English is quite different frm Miss Zha’s.解析：way是先行词，还原到定语从句中作状语，关系词有三种情况：that/in which/不填。
三、使用定语从句应该注意的问题1．定语从句中的主谓一致问题当引导定语从句的关系代词在从句中作主语时，定语从句中的谓语动词的数应与先行词保持一致。下面是定语从句在实际运用中需要注意的几个主谓一致的问题：(1)I作先行词时，定语从句中谓语动词应该与I保持一致I, wh am yur teacher, will try t slve all kinds f questins.我作为你的老师，会尽力解决各种各样的问题。
(2)当关系代词as或which引导非限制性定语从句，指代整个主句，且作从句的主语时，从句的谓语动词用单数形式。Great changes have taken place in China, as is knwn t all.众所周知，中国已经发生了天翻地覆的变化。
(3)当“ne f＋the(＋形容词最高级)＋复数名词”位于关系词前时，定语从句的先行词是复数名词，从句的谓语动词要用复数形式。The Summer Palace is ne f the wrld－famus places f interest that draw lts f visitrs.颐和园是吸引着大批游客的世界名胜之一。The Lrd f the Rings is ne f the mst wnderful mvies that have been prduced in Hllywd.《指环王》是好莱坞制作的最精彩的电影之一。
当“the nly ne f＋the(＋形容词最高级)＋复数名词”位于关系词前时，定语从句的先行词是the nly ne，从句的谓语动词要用单数形式。This is the nly ne f the sngs in the album that is sung in English.这是这张专辑中唯一一首英文歌曲。Titanic is the nly ne f the mst wnderful mvies that has been prduced in Hllywd.在这些最精彩的电影中，《泰坦尼克号》是唯一一部好莱坞制作的影片。
2．frm where，since/until/by when也可以引导定语从句。He std n tp f the hill, frm where he culd see the Yangtze River.他站在山顶上，从那里他能看到长江。(frm where＝frm which place)The bk was written in 1946, since when the educatin system has seen great changes.这本书著于1946年，从那时起教育体制发生了重大变化。(since/until/ by when＝since/until/by which time)
对比训练①〈1〉This is ne f the mst interesting films that ________(be) shwn last week.解析：关系词前有ne f the mst interesting films，定语从句先行词为films，谓语动词要用复数。〈2〉This is the nly ne f the mst interesting films that _______(be) shwn last week.解析：先行词为the nly ne，因此定语从句中谓语动词用单数。
②〈1〉He has tw sns, bth f ________ are cllege students.解析：逗号后为非限制性定语从句，先行词为tw sns，设空处前有介词f，因此用whm指代先行词。 〈2〉He has tw sns, and bth f ________ are cllege students.解析：本句为并列句，因而第二个并列分句主语应是bth f them，them指代tw sns。
③〈1〉He still lives in the rm _________ windw faces t the east.解析：先行词为the rm，代入定语从句中从句的主语变为the rm’s windw，因此用whse。〈2〉He still lives in the rm, the windw f _________ faces t the cast.解析：逗号后为非限制性定语从句，介词后指物用which。
〈3〉He still lives in the rm _____________ is n the third flr.解析：先行词为the rm，关系词在定语从句中作主语，因此用which/that。〈4〉He still lives in the rm ________________ there is a beautiful table.解析：先行词为the rm，代入定语从句后为there is a beautiful table in the rm，设空处充当地点状语，因此用关系副词where，也可用in which。
which/that　
where/in which　
④〈1〉After the flding，peple were suffering in that area, __________ urgently needed clean water and medicine.解析：设空处引导非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，根据语境可知，先行词为peple，故用wh。wh指代主句中的peple。也可填and，连接两个并列谓语，主语都为peple。〈2〉After the flding, peple were suffering in that area, ________________ clean water and medicine were needed.解析：先行词为area，代入定语从句后为clean water and medicine were needed in that area，从句中缺少地点状语，因此用where/in which。
⑤〈1〉A husing bubble is an ecnmic situatin _____________ ccurs when huse prices rise much t fast.解析：先行词为situatin，设空处在从句中充当主语，因此用which/that。〈2〉It’s helpful t put children in a situatin ________________ they can see themselves differently.解析：先行词为situatin，设空处在从句中充当地点状语，因此使用where，也可使用in which。
⑥〈1〉I’ll never frget the days _______________________ we studied tgether.解析：先行词为the days，设空处在定语从句中充当时间状语，因此用when，也可用during/n which。〈2〉I’ll never frget the days _____________ we spent tgether.解析：先行词为the days，设空处在定语从句中充当spent的宾语。因此用which/that或省略关系词。
when或during/n which　
⑦〈1〉This is the nly way ________ yu can find.解析：先行词为way，有the nly修饰，设空处在定语从句中充当宾语，因此不能使用which，而用that，that还可省略。〈2〉I dn’t like the way _______________ he spke t his mther.解析：先行词为the way，设空处在定语从句中充当方式状语，关系词可用in which/that或省略关系词。
in which/that　
⑧〈1〉Is this museum __________ they visited last mnth?解析：疑问句转换成陈述句为This museum is ________ they visited last mnth.。定语从句中缺少先行词。因此用the ne。〈2〉Is this the museum _____________ they visited last mnth?解析：先行词为the museum，设空处在定语从句中充当visited的宾语，关系词可用which/that，也可省略。〈3〉Is this the museum ___________ they paid a visit last mnth?解析：pay a visit t...为固定搭配。
⑨〈1〉It was 10 ’clck _______________ they went ut f the cinema.解析：先行词为表示时间的名词，从句中缺少时间状语，故用when引导定语从句，也可用at which。〈2〉It was at 10 ’clck ________ they went ut f the cinema.解析：本句为强调句。去掉It was和设空处后剩余部分仍为一个完整的句子。
when/at which　
专项练习Ⅰ．用适当的关系代词或副词填空1．Self－driving is an area _________ China and the rest f the wrld are n the same starting line.2．D yu like the bk ____________ she paid $10?3．D yu like the bk _____________ she learned a lt?4．D yu like the bk ______________ she ften talks?5．The twer _____________ peple can have a gd view is n the hill.
abut which　
6．The man __________ I spke n the phne last night is very gd at wrestling.7．She glanced at the rm _________ fur men were talking alud.8．D yu knw the year _______________ the Chinese Cmmunist Party was funded?9．The factry ________________ we are wrking will be rebuilt sn.10．The reasn _______________ she did it is that she wuldn’t let her parents feel disappinted.
when/in which　
why/fr which　
Ⅱ．根据提示补全下列定语从句1．This is the museum _______________________________.这就是我们看到那幅名画的博物馆。(where)2．We live in an age ________________________________ easily than ever befre.我们生活在一个交流比以前更容易的时代。(when)3．The reasn ________________ was that he gt up late.他迟到的原因是他起床晚了。(why)
where we saw the famus painting　
when peple can cmmunicate mre　
why he was late　
4．The dcuments _____________________________ have been recvered.他们寻找的文件已经找到了。(fr which)5．This is the teacher _____________________________.这就是我们从他那里学了很多东西的老师。(frm whm)6．The man ________________________ just nw is my English teacher.刚刚和你谈话的那个人是我的英语老师。(t whm)
fr which they were searching　
frm whm we’ve learned a lt　
t whm yu were talking　
7．I’ll never frget the day __________________________.我永远都不会忘记入党的日子。(n which)8．The factry ________________________ is in the east f the city.父亲工作的那家工厂在城东。(in which)9．Nne f us knw the reasn ________________________ frm the meeting.我们都不知道汤姆缺席会议的原因。(fr which)10．Great changes have taken place in the city ___________________.我出生的城市发生了很大的变化。(in which)
n which I jined the Party　
in which my father wrks　
fr which Tm was absent　
in which I was brn　
Ⅲ．用适当的关系词填空I will tell yu a stry ______________ is very interesting.It is abut a gd man ____________ is called Tm.Tm married a girl ___________ name is Jane.Jane is the girl _________________ Tm lves.They live in a huse _______________ was built by Tm’s father.It is an ld huse ___________ Tm was brn.It was in the huse ___________ he was brn that they gt married.Tm likes t write stries and Jane lves all the stries __________ Tm writes.They have 5 children, 3 f __________ are bys.The children are very clever, _____________ makes Tm very happy.
1.that/which　
4.wh/whm/that　
5.that/which　
All the children g t cllege, __________ their parents expect.Tm nce said he wuld never frget the day ____________ he met Jane.Tm believes that Jane is the mst beautiful girl ____________ he has ever met.That is the reasn ___________ he wanted t marry her.Jane said that Tm was the persn with ____________ she wuld live fr a whle life.They are really a happy cuple, frm ____________ we can learn a lt.Their children live in a family _____________ their parents are treating them like friends.We all admire the way ____________ Tm treats his children.He is a gd man with ____________ everyne wuld like t live.
11.as　　12.when　13.that　
14.why　15.whm　
Tm is ne f the villagers 2_______________ have been reprted in the newspaper and he is the nly ne f thse villagers wh has acted in a film.
20.wh/that