高中英语人教版 (2019)必修 第一册Unit 1 Teenage life导学案

新必修一unit1

课文

THE FRESHMAN CHALLENGE

Hi! My name is Adam and I'm a freshman at senior high school. Going from junior high school to senior high school is a really big challenge. The first week was a little confusing.

First, I had to think very carefully about which courses I wanted to take. The school adviser helped me choose the suitable ones: maths, English, chemistry, world history, and Chinese. I know that Chinese is a very difficult language, but I hope to be fluent when I graduate. My adviser recommended that I should sign up for advanced literature because I like English and I'm good at it.

I had to choose extra-curricular activities, too. I tried to join the school football team, but the coach told me that I didn't play well enough. Obviously, I was unhappy, but I won't quit. I'll find a way to improve on my own so that I can make the team next year. I joined a volunteer club instead. Every Wednesday, we work at a soup kitchen and hand out food to homeless people in the community.

I know I'll have to study harder as a senior high school student and get used to being responsible for a lot more. I'm a bit worried about keeping up with the other students in my advanced course, and it'll be quite difficult to get used to all the homework. Still, I'm happy to be here. Studying hard isn't always fun, but I'll be well prepared for university or whatever else comes in the future.

新生的挑战

这就跟你问声好！我的名字是亚当，我是一名高一学生。从初中到高中是一个非常大的挑战。第一周有点混乱。

首先，我必须非常仔细地考虑我想选什么课程。学校的指导老师帮我选择了合适的科目:数学、英语、化学、世界历史和语文。我知道中文是一门很难学的语言，但我希望毕业时能说一口流利的中文。我的导师建议我报考高级文学，因为我喜欢英语，而且擅长英语。

我也必须选择课外活动。我想加入学校的足球队，但是教练告诉我我踢得不够好。显然，我不开心，但我不会放弃。我要自己想办法提高自己，这样明年我就能进队了。我加入了一个志愿者俱乐部。每个星期三，我们都在施粥所工作，把食物分发给社区里无家可归的人。

我知道，作为一名高中生，我必须更加努力地学习，习惯承担更多的责任。我有点担心跟上高级班的其他同学，而且要习惯所有的家庭作业会很困难。不过，我还是很高兴来到这里。努力学习并不总是有趣的，但是我会为将来的大学或其他事情做好准备。

junior 

adj. 较年幼的   be junior to sb.   “年少于某人（比某人年轻）”

   He is two years junior to me. = He is two years younger than me.

       adj. 资历较浅的，地位较低的    be junior to do sb.   比….资历浅

   注：senior 用法相同。

confuse

【例句】It is important to explain this again or we will confuse the students．把这再解释一遍是很重要的，否则的话我们就会使学生们犯糊涂。(P13)

【点拨】 confuse vt. 使糊涂，使迷惑；混淆，混同；使更难于理解

They confused the teacher by having the same names．

他们同名同姓，这把老师搞糊涂了。

Her unexpected arrival confused all our plans．

她的突然到来把我们所有的计划都打乱了。

I always confuse the twin sisters．They look so alike．

我总是分不出这对孪生姐妹，她们看上去简直一模一样。

【拓展】

confused adj. 糊涂的，迷乱的

confusedly adv. 迷乱地，糊涂地

confusing adj. 莫名其妙的，难以理解的

confusion n. 迷乱，迷惑

fluent

【例句】I find I can't speak English correctly and fluently.

Julie was good at German, French and Russian, all of which she spoke fluently.

        茱莉擅长德语、法语和俄语，这三样她都说得流利。

graduate 

【例句】After graduating from college, we finally got the chance to take a bike trip. 大学毕业后，我们终于有机会进行自行车旅行。

【点拨】graduate  vi. 毕业；vt. 授予某人学位；n. 大学毕业生。

 He was a college graduate.  他是个大学毕业生。

[中译英] 

 The university ____________(graduate) 3000 students last year. 这个大学去年有3000位学生毕业。

 keys：graduated

 graduate from 从……毕业

 graduate in 毕业于……专业

[中译英] 

He was _______________________ a normal college. 他是一个师范学院的毕业生。

University _______________________ Electronics Engineering or equivalent.  本科以上学历，电子工程或相关专业优先。

 keys：1. graduated from      2.graduate preferably in

【拓展】undergraduate 本科生；postgraduate研究生；graduation 毕业

recommend 

vt.推荐；建议

[重点用法]

recommendation n.推荐，介绍(信)，劝告，建议

on one's recommendation经某人介绍

follow sb.’s recommendations听从某人的劝告

recommendation(s) for．……的推荐

write／give sb．a recommendation为某人写推荐信／介绍信

提示

1.该词意为“建议”时，注意三种句型：

(1) recommend+(sb's)doing；

(2) recommend +that(从句) (从句用虚拟，由should+动词原形构成)；

(3) recommend +sb. to do

2.该词做“推荐；介绍”时，常用句型是：

(1) recommend sb．sth．

(2) recommend sth．for(doing) sth.

[典例]

1. Can you recommend me a good novel?  能给我推荐一本好小说吗?

2. What would you recommend for the ink stains?有什么办法能除掉墨水汁吗?

3. It is recommended in the regulations that you(should)not tell others the password of your e-mail

account. 条款有提示,不要将邮箱密码透露给别人。

[练习]根据括号里的汉语补全句子。   

1.The teacher recommended that________________．

  The teacher recommended us__________________. (老师曾建议我们读这本小说。)

2. I went to the new hotel_______________________.(经你的介绍我去了这家新旅馆。)

3. ___________________________so that I can cover the company? (你能给我写一封介绍信以便采访那家公司吗?)

Keys: 1.we(should)read the novel; to read the novel(reading the novel. 2.on your recommendation

3. Would you write me a recommendation

advance

vi.前进 vt. 预先发放，提前 n. 进展  advanced adj. 高级的；先进的

[典例]

1). Our troops have advanced two miles. 我们的部队已经前进了两英里。

2). We benefit from the continued advance of civilization. 我们得益于文明的不断进步。

[重点用法]

advance on/towards sb/sth 向某人/物前进        advance in sth 改进/改善某物

in advance (of sth) = beforehand = ahead of time 预先，事先，事前

[练习] 根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词或翻译。

1). We are proud of the recent advances _______ (介词) medical science. 

2). The airline suggests booking tickets 21 days _______ ________(预先).

3). I should warn you _______ ________(事先) that I’ m not a very good dancer.

4). The gangsters advanced _______ (介词) us shouting angrily.

5). Despite his ________ (advance) age, he often travelled abroad.

Keys: 1). in  2). in advance     3). in advance    4). towards/on    5). advanced

obvious 

adj. 明显的，显然的= apparent

【例句】It is obvious that China has made great progress in economy in the last five years.

很显然，在过去五年里，中国经济取得了长足发展。

quit

(quit/quitted) vt.停止(作某事);离职

[典例]

1) I am so tired that I decide to quit next month.我很累了，所以我打算下个月辞职。

2) I had to quit the gathering in order to be home by midnight.为了能在午夜前到家，我不得不离开聚会

3) He quit smoking, and talked something to the person next to him.他停下烟，和旁边的人说着什么。

[重点用法]

quit doing sth.(必须接名词或动名词做宾语) 除此，以下动词有类似用法suggest; practise; risk(冒险);

enjoy; escape; admit; advise; allow; appreciate; avoid; deny; mind; miss; permit; consider; forbid; finish;

prevent; keep ; delay; dislike; imagine;

[练习] 汉译英

1) 教练盯着队员并要求他们不要说话。

          ___________________________________________________________________________

2) 这个贼有逃脱警察抓捕的技能。

          ___________________________________________________________________________

3) 我想你别介意我写信向你求救。

          ___________________________________________________________________________

Keys: 1) The coach stared at the team members and asked them to quit talking. 2) The thief has the skill of

escaping being caught by policemen. 3) I would like you not to mind me writing to you for help.

responsible

adj.负有责任的;负责的

 be responsible for sth. 对某事负责

 responsibility  n.责任;职责;义务

【例句】They're not my children, but still feel responsible for them.他们不是我的孩子,但我仍然觉得应对他们负责。

We selected Tom as the team leader because he was very responsible.我们选汤姆当队长,因为他很负责。

语境串记

 Jack is the manager of the project. He is responsible for the whole project. If anything goes wrong, he will take responsibility for it. 杰克是这个项目的经理,负责整个项目。如果出了任何差错,他将承担起责任。

课文

10 September 2018

Dear Worried Friend,

You wrote that you are very worried about your friend, Chen Lei. I understand quite well that you are anxious and feel terrible. You think that your friend plays computer games too often and spends too much time online.

I recommend that you talk to your friend about his behaviour. It is not unusual for teenagers of your generation to be attracted to computer games and the online world. But spending too much time online is unhealthy and makes it very difficult to focus on other things in life. Some students even become addicted to the Internet and cannot concentrate on school and family life. I think you should encourage your friend to try new hobbies. Why not discuss the problem together? I am sure he will listen to you, since you are his good friend.

All the best,

Susan Luo

你在信中说你很担心你的朋友陈雷。我非常理解你的焦虑和感觉糟糕。你认为你的朋友经常玩电脑游戏，花太多时间在网上。

我建议你和你的朋友谈谈他的行为。你们这一代的青少年被电脑游戏和网络世界所吸引是很正常的。但是在网上花费太多的时间是不健康的，并且使人们很难关注生活中的其他事情。一些学生甚至沉迷于网络，无法集中精力学习和家庭生活。我认为你应该鼓励你的朋友尝试新的爱好。为什么不一起讨论这个问题呢?我相信他会听你的，因为你是他的好朋友。

愿一切都好！

recommend   

vt.推荐；建议

[重点用法]

recommendation  n.推荐，介绍(信)，劝告，建议

on one’s recommendation经某人介绍

follow sb.’s recommendations听从某人的劝告

recommendation(s)for．……的推荐

write／give sb．a recommendation为某人写推荐信／介绍信

提示

1.该词意为“建议”时，注意三种句型：

(1) recommend+(sb's) doing；

(2) recommend +that(从句) (从句用虚拟，由should+动词原形构成)；

(3) recommend +sb. to do

2.该词做“推荐；介绍”时，常用句型是：

(1) recommend sb．sth．

(2) recommend sth．for (doing) sth.

generation

n. 一代(人)

【例句】As a third-generation native of Brownsville Texas, Mildred Garza never planned to move away作为得克萨斯州布朗斯维尔地区第三代土生土长的人,米尔德里德·加尔萨从来没有计划过离开此地。

attract

attract one’s attention吸引某人的注意

attract sb.to...把某人吸引到……

be attracted by/to被……吸引；喜爱

have no attraction for sb.对某人没有吸引力

Equally attractive are the success stories of world­famous people，which help me understand how a person can work hard to make the world a better place.

同样吸引人的是那些名人的成功故事，它们帮我了解了一个人怎样通过努力工作来使这个世界更美好。                                                                                                                                                         

夯实基础

(1)用attract的适当形式填空

①The Great Wall is such a well­known tourist attraction that millions of people pour in every year.

②I thought he was very attractive and obviously very intelligent.

focus on

   【例句】They focus on keeping their soil rich and free of disease．他们关心的是保持土壤肥沃并且免受病害。(P14)

   【点拨】focus on集中；把……集中在……

    I’m so tired I can’t focus on anything today．

    今天我太累了，精神集中不起来。

   【拓展】

    be focused on(=concentrate on)集中精力、注意力

    come into focus进入焦点

    focus one’s attention on集中注意力于

bring...into focus把焦点聚焦于

addicted

adj.成习惯而离不开…

[重点用法]

be addicted to sth／doing sth沉溺于……；专心做……

addict oneself to sth沉溺于……

[典例] 

1) 50 million Americans are thought to be addicted to nicotine．据说有五千万美国人有烟瘾。

2) Many kids have now become addicted to surfing the Net．很多孩子现在沉迷于上网

3) He is an addicted traveler．他是个旅行迷。

[练习] 汉译英

1) 辍学后，他沉溺于烟酒中。

______________________________________________________________________________

2) 不要再让自己陷入这样愚蠢的事情。

______________________________________________________________________________

Keys: 1) After leaving school, he was addicted to cigarette and alcohol. 2) Don’t addict yourself to such foolish things any longer.

其他单词

debate

v.&n. 辩论；争论

教材P7 Tips for an informal class debate.关于组织一场非正式的课堂辩论赛的一些建议。

用法详解

(1)n辩论,争论,讨论。常见搭配:

   under debate正在讨论中

   heated/ lively debate一场激烈/热烈的争论

   beyond/without debate无可争论

The suggestion is still under debate.这个建议仍旧在讨论中。

 The students had heated debate on the subject.学生们就这一话题进行了一场激烈的辩论。

It is fact without debate that the air here has been polluted.这里的空气被污染了,这已成为不争的事实。

(2)vt.&vi.(尤指正式)辩论,讨论。常见搭配:

 debate with sb. about/on/over sth.就…与某人进行辩论

  The two sides debated whether to raise the price of school meals.双方就是否提高校餐价格进行了辩论。

巧学妙记

图形助记 debate, argue, discuss:

prefer

【例句】 Which kind of transport do you prefer to use, bus or train?

【点拨】prefer  vt. 更喜欢；选择某事物（而不选其他事物）

 prefer意为“更喜欢，更愿意”，类似于like better, like more，故一般不用于比较级。

 prefer sth. / doing sth. to sth. / doing sth.   相比……更喜欢

 prefer to do...rather than do...  宁愿做……而不愿意做……

prefer (sb.) to do sth.  宁愿/更愿意（某人）做某事

 prefer that从句：

 She preferred that nobody should come to see her. 她宁愿没有人来看她。

[中译英]

 1.Do you __________ coffee or tea? 你喜欢咖啡还是茶？

 2.He__________________________________________ .  他宁愿死也不愿意偷窃。

 3.I should have_____________________ it in a different way.   我倒愿意他用另一种办法做。

 keys：1.prefer    2.preferred to die rather than steal   3. preferred him to do

suitable

adj. 适合的，适宜的 （可放在名词前做定语）

be suitable for sth.

be suitable to do sth.

suited adj. 适合的，适宜的（不可放在名词前做定语）

be suited to sth. (to 为介词)

Tom is suited to the job.

suit n. 一套外衣， 套装    a sports suit, a space suit.

suit v. 适合，使适宜

 sth. suit sb. 颜色、款式及其他适合某人

 sth. fit sb.  尺寸、大小适合某人

     sth. match sth. 物与物之间的搭配 = sth go with sth.

actually

教材P10 Actually all languages change and develop when cultures meet and communicate with each other.事实上,当不同文化互相交流渗透时,所有的语言都会有所变化、有所发展。

用法详解

actually adv.

(1)(在口语中用于强调事实)实际上;事实上

I don't actually remember it.其实我不记得那件事了。

   It seemed as if they fell in love with each other, but actually she disliked him.看上去他们相爱了,但事实上,她不喜欢他。

(2)(表示想法与事实不一致而感到惊奇)居然;竟然

   He is actually over fifty years old.他竟然五十多岁了。

(3)(礼貌地纠正他人)实际上;事实上

   Growing vegetables looks easy, but actually it takes a lot of learning.

种菜看起来容易,其实大有学问。

(4)(用于引起别人的注意或转换话题)说实在的

   Actually, I'm busy at the moment-can I call you back later

说实在的,我这会儿正忙我可以过会儿给你回电话吗?

归纳拓展

in actual fact

 as a matter of fact    =actually实际上;事实上

 in reality/fact

solution

solution   n.解决办法;答案

 the solution to sth.  ……的解决办法

【例句】He presented two solutions. The latter seems much better.

他提出了两个解决方案,后一个看起来要好得多。

schedule

教材P18 Now she is planning our schedule for the trip.现在她正在为我们的旅行制订计划。

用法详解

(1)vt. 为某事安排时间

 be scheduled for sth.为某事安排时间

常见搭配: be scheduled to do sth.被安排做某事

 The party is scheduled for the weekend.聚会安排在周末。

 The film star is scheduled to arrive in Shanghai at ten o'clock.

那位电影明星预计在10点钟抵达上海。

 She is scheduled to give speech tonight.她定于今晚发表演讲。

 As scheduled, we have English Talent Show today.

按计划,今天我们有英语才艺展示。

(2)n.时间表,进度表;工作计划,日程安排

常见搭配

on schedule按预定时间

ahead of/behind schedule先于/迟于预定时间

 I had such a tight schedule that I had no time to go shopping.

我的工作日程表安排得如此紧,以至于没有时间去购物。

 You'd better finish the project on schedule.

你最好按预定时间完成这项工程。

 Because of the weather, the sports meeting was held a week ahead of schedule.由于天气原因,运动会提前一周召开。

经典例句

 Hong Kong stars work hard, and the pace is hot. Some make ten movies a year, others record four CDs as well as keeping to a tight schedule of concerts and TV shows.

香港的明星们工作非常努力,进度也很快。一些明星一年拍10部电影,另一些一年录制4张唱片,同时还安排紧凑的演唱会和电视节目。

expert

n.专家；行家      adj.熟练的；内行的

用法：expert at/in sth

      expert at/in doing

【例句】Experts were brought in to advise the government．

        请来了专家担任政府顾问。

They are all expert in this field.

他们都是这个领域的行家。

She’s expert at making cheap but stylish clothes.

她擅长做便宜但雅致的服装。

behavio(u)r 

n.举止,行为;表现方式,活动方式

good/ bad behavio(u)r良好/恶劣行为

   v.behave

    behave vt.&vi.举动;(举止或行为)表现。后可接副词、介宾短语或as if/as though引导的状语从句。常见搭配:

behave well/oneself表现得好/守规矩

behave badly表现不好

It's very hard to train children to behave well at table. 培养儿童吃饭时举止得体是很困难的。

Behave yourself, don't make a fool of yourself. 规矩点,别闹出笑话来。

He behaved as if/ though nothing had happened. 他表现得像是什么都没发生过。