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2020-2021学年Unit 3 The world of science备课ppt课件
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这是一份2020-2021学年Unit 3 The world of science备课ppt课件,共28页。
一、阅读Great Eurpean Cities,根据汉语提示,用动词的适当形式填空。1.巴塞罗那最著名的标志性建筑之一就是圣家族大教堂,这座教堂是由建筑师安东尼奥·高迪设计的。One f Barcelna’s mst famus landmarks is the Church f the Sagrada Familia,which (design) by an architect called Antni Gaudi. 答案:was designed
2.佛罗伦萨最漂亮的绘画和雕塑中有许多都是由像列奥纳多·达·芬奇、米开朗琪罗这样伟大的艺术家创作的。Many f Flrence’s mst beautiful paintings and sculptures (prduce) by great artists such as Lenard da Vinci and Michelangel. 答案:were prduced
3.每年都有约一百万游客来佛罗伦萨参观这儿的美术馆、教堂和博物馆。Flrence (visit) each year by abut a millin turists wh cme t see the art galleries,churches and museums. 答案:is visited4.雅典是希腊的首都,作为西方文明的发源地而闻名于世。Athens,the capital f Greece, (knw) as the birthplace f western civilisatin. 答案:is knwn
5.最受游客欢迎的旅游景点是埃菲尔铁塔,它是巴黎著名的象征。The mst ppular place fr turists (be) the Eiffel Twer,the famus symbl f Paris. 答案:is6.法国大约三分之二的艺术家和作家都住在巴黎。Abut tw-thirds f France’s artists and writers (live) in Paris. 答案:live
二、用动词的适当形式填空1.(2015·天津高考改编)Despite the previus runds f talks,n agreement (reach) s far by the tw sides. 答案:has been reached2.Neither yu nr I,nr anyne else (knw) the answer. 答案:knws3.All the Chinese family (get) tgether when the Spring Festival cmes. 答案:get
4.Many a by and many a girl (have) made the same mistake. 答案:has5.He is ne f the students wh (praise) at the meeting held last week. 答案:were praised
被动语态和主谓一致★考点一:一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态1)被动语态英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。英语中有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者;被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者,即行为动作的对象。①Many peple speak Chinese.这个句子中谓语speak的动作是由主语many peple来执行的。②Chinese is spken by many peple.这个句子中Chinese是动词speak的承受者。
2)在如下情况下多用被动语态:不知动作的执行者;无须知道动作的执行者;强调动作的承受者。完成句子①印刷术是由中国传入欧洲的。Printing (intrduce) int Eurpe frm China. 答案:was intrduced②(2015·北京高考改编)—Did yu enjy the party?—Yes.We (treat) well by ur hsts. 答案:were treated
3)主动语态变被动语态时的注意事项。(1)若宾语补足语是不带t 的不定式,变为被动语态时,该不定式前要加“t”,此类动词为感官动词(feel,hear,listen t,lk at,bserve,see,ntice及watch)或使役动词(make/have/let)。(2)若主动语态谓语动词中含情态动词,由“情态动词+ be +过去分词”构成被动语态。(3)谓语为及物动词短语的主动语态变为被动语态时,要保留介词。(4)接双宾语的动词改为被动语态时,通常将间接宾语改为主语;当用直接宾语(物)做主语时,动词后要用介词,这个介词是由与其搭配的动词决定的。
把下列句子变成被动语态①We saw him play ftball n the playgrund.→He was seen (play) ftball n the playgrund. 答案:t play②We can’t laugh at him.→He can’t (laugh) at by us. 答案:be laughed③They take gd care f children in this kindergarten.→Children in this kindergarten (take) gd care f by them. 答案:are taken
④We agree that the human eyes can tell 10 millin different clurs.→It that the human eyes can tell 10 millin different clurs. 答案:is agreed⑤His mther gave him a present fr his birthday.→He (give) a present by his mther fr his birthday. 答案:was given⑥I ffered him a huse fr 1,000 punds.→A huse (ffer) t him (by me) fr 1,000 punds. 答案:was ffered
4)常用主动形式表示被动的几种情况:(1)表示开始、结束和开关意义的一类动词,如:start,begin,end,stp,finish,pen,clse等。(2)表示主语状态和特征的系动词后接形容词做表语时,用主动形式表示被动。如lk,smell,sund,taste,feel等。(3)表示主语状态和特征的某些动词后接副词做程度状语时,用主动形式表示被动。常见的此类动词有read,write,sell,keep,shw,clean,wash,wear,mve,drive,perate等。(4)在need,require,want,wrth (形容词),deserve后接动词-ing形式时,用主动形式表示被动。(5)由blame,let(出租)等构成不定式做表语时,用主动形式表示被动。(6)不定式跟在形容词(difficult,hard,fit,easy,impssible,dangerus等)后做状语时,用主动形式表示被动。
完成句子①这家超市早上开门早晚上关门晚。The supermarket (pen) early in the mrning and (clse) late in the evening. 答案:pens;clses②这则消息听起来很鼓舞人,但是我们并没有受到鼓舞。This news (sund) encuraging,but we are nt encuraged. 答案:sunds③他的书销路很好。His bks (sell) quite well. 答案:sell
④这本书非常值得一读。The bk is well wrth (read). 答案:reading⑤父亲应对惯坏的孩子负责。The father was (blame) fr the spiled by. 答案:t blame⑥The air here is fresh (breathe). 答案:t breathe
★考点二:主谓一致1)当主语由and连接时,如果它表示一个单一的概念,谓语动词用单数;表示多个概念,谓语动词用复数。语法填空A teacher and a writer (be) present at the meeting. 一位教师和一位作家出席了这次会议。答案:were2)the rest f/half f修饰名词做主语时,谓语动词与名词的人称和数保持一致。语法填空The rest f the bys (start) t jump and sing happily and nisily. 其余的男孩开始高兴地、喧闹地又唱又跳起来。答案:were starting
3)集合名词(enemy/army/class/team/family/cuple/plice等)被视为一个整体时,谓语动词用单数;强调若干个体时,谓语动词用复数。语法填空The yung cuple always (quarrel) with each ther abut mney. 这对年轻夫妇总是为花钱而吵架。答案:are;quarrelling4)表示金钱、时间、价格或度量衡的复数名词做主语时,通常把这些名词看作一个整体,谓语一般用单数。语法填空Three years (be) a lng time. 三年的时间很长。答案:is
5)当主语后面跟有with,tgether with,like,except,but,n less than,as well as,like,rather than等词连接的短语时,谓语动词与前面的主语的数一致。语法填空They,tgether with my father, (g) t Beijing already. 他们和我父亲已经一起去北京了。答案:have gne
6)在一些短语如 many a 或 mre than ne等所修饰的名词做主语时,谓语动词多用单数形式;但由mre 做主语时,动词应与其后的名词或代词保持一致。语法填空①Mre than ne student punished just because f breaking the schl rules. 不止一个学生因为违反学校规定而受到惩罚。②Mre than 60 percent f the wrkers (be) frm the cuntryside. 百分之六十多的工人都来自农村。答案:①was ②are
7) every..., each...,many many a..., n...等修饰单数名词,谓语动词用单数。语法填空Each by and each girl (wish) t attend the party. 每个男孩和女孩都希望参加这个聚会。答案:wishes8)由两部分构成的物体(如trusers,shes,pants,shrts,glasses,cmpasses等),这样的名词做主语时,谓语动词用复数;但如果这类名词前由a pair f/pairs f修饰,谓语动词形式取决于pair的单复数。语法填空This pair f trusers (be) t lng fr yu. 这条裤子对你来说太长了。答案:is
9)分数和百分数修饰可数名词或不可数名词做主语时,谓语动词的形式取决于名词的单复数。语法填空Abut 70 percent f the surface f the earth (be) cvered with water. 地球表面大约有70%的地方由水覆盖。答案:is10)由kind,frm,type,srt,species,prtin,series,amunt等修饰名词做主语,其谓语动词的形式通常取决于这些词的单复数。语法填空All kinds f difficulties (have) t be vercme. 必须克服各种各样的困难。答案:have
11)“a+单数名词+r tw”做主语,谓语动词用单数;“ne r tw + 名词复数”做主语,谓语动词用复数。语法填空A student r tw r three (allw) here,and ne r tw reasns (suggest). 允许一两名、两三名学生在这里,并且提出了一两条理由。答案:was allwed;were suggested12)there be句型的主语有两个以上,谓语动词与邻近的主语一致。语法填空There (be)an ld pine tree and three willw trees in frnt f the huse. 房子前面有一棵老松树和三棵柳树。答案:is
13)当;nt als...与,连接两个主语时,谓语动词与最邻近的主语保持一致。如果句子由here,there引导,而主语又不止一个时,谓语通常也和最邻近的主语一致。语法填空 (have) either yu r he been t the library? 你或者他去过图书馆吗?答案:Have14)what引导的主语从句,谓语动词多用单数;但当从句中含有附属意义的并列结构或表语是复数名词时,谓语动词用复数。语法填空What we need (be)effective measures t slve the prblem. 我们所需要的是解决这个问题的有效措施。答案:are
15)“ne f+复数名词+wh/which/that”型定语从句,先行词为复数名词,从句的谓语动词用复数;“the nly(very/right) ne f + 复数名词+ wh/which/that”型定语从句,先行词为ne,从句的谓语动词用单数。语法填空Li Ming is ne f the students wh (be) a winner f the schlarship. 李明是他班里获得奖学金的学生之一。答案:are
16)强调句强调主语时,that/wh后谓语动词与句子的主语一致。语法填空It is yu,rather than he,that (be) t blame fr the accident. 是你而不是他应对事故负责。答案:are17)先行词为人称代词,定语从句中关系代词做主语时,定语从句的谓语动词与句子的主语一致。语法填空I,wh (be) yur brther,will try my best t help yu with yur study. 作为你的哥哥,我会尽全力帮助你好好学习。答案:am
18)倒装句中,谓语动词与句子的主语一致。语法填空On each side f the street (stand) tall buildings. 街道的两侧高楼林立。答案:stand
答案:1)was chsen 2)is;takes
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