2021学年Unit 2 Making a difference一课一练

这是一份2021学年Unit 2 Making a difference一课一练，共8页。试卷主要包含了 A等内容，欢迎下载使用。
Ⅰ. 阅读理解
A
His first successful fight was fr the equal rights f black peple in Suth Africa. Then, as the first black president, he fught t unite the cuntry and rganize the gvernment. Nw Nelsn Mandela has set his sights n a new enemy, AIDS.
On March 19, the 82-year-ld frmer president, hsted his secnd AIDS-awareness cncert. He warned that 25 millin peple in Africa were already infected with the fatal disease.
Mandela was brn in a small village in Suth Africa in 1918. He was adpted by the chief f his tribe and culd have been a chief himself and lived a happy cuntry life.
But he refused t be a chief when his peple lived under racial discriminatin. He decided t fight fr equal rights fr all peple in Suth Africa. Befre 1990, under the cuntry’s Racial Segregatin Law, clured and white peple lived separately. Black peple were treated unfairly even when taking a bus. Blacks had t stand at the back f the bus t make rm fr white peple even when there were nly a few f them n bard.
Fr his ppsitin t the system, Mandela was arrested and spent 27 years in prisn. He was freed in 1990 and became the president f the cuntry after the first electin was held in which everyne culd vte.
Mandela was nt nly a plitical fighter wh attacked with speeches. He was als a trained bxer and fught in the ring when he was yung.
“Althugh I did nt enjy the vilence f bxing, I was interested in hw ne mved ne’s bdy t prtect neself, hw ne used a strategy bth t attack and retreat”, he wrte in his autbigraphy(自传).
As a skilled fighter, he chse music as his weapn against AIDS. He hped t win anther victry against AIDS.
【语篇概述】纳尔逊·曼德拉不仅为黑人争得了平等的权利, 而且当选为第一位黑人总统。他改变了南非人的命运, 也改变了世界。他有自己的爱好, 他曾经为争取与艾滋病斗争的胜利而奋斗过。
1. When was Mandela arrested? ______.
A. In 1963
B. In 1990
C. When he refused t be a chief
D. When he became the president
【解析】选A。理解判断题。从第五段“. . . Mandela was arrested and spent 27 years in prisn. He was freed in 1990”可理解计算出答案: 1990-27= 1963。
2. Nelsn Mandela succeeded in ding the fllwing except ______.
A. winning the equal rights fr the black peple in Suth Africa
B. uniting Suth Africa
C. rganizing a gvernment in Suth Africa
D. cntrlling the spread f AIDS
【解析】选D。理解判断题。从第五段 “He was freed in 1990 and became the president f the cuntry after the first electin was held in which everyne culd vte”. 可知, A、B、C三项, 都是曼德拉做成功的事; 由末段最后一句 “He hped t win anther victry against AIDS. ”可知, 还未取得胜利, 故选D。
3. If Nelsn Mandela hadn’t fught against racial discriminatin, he ______.
A. culd easily have been the president f Suth Africa
B. culd still have lived a happy life
C. culd have been in a difficult situatin
D. culd have been an excellent bxer
【解析】选B。推理判断题。从第三段“He was adpted by the chief f his tribe and culd have been a chief himself and lived a happy cuntry life. ”可知答案。
4. It can be inferred that Nelsn Mandela ______.
A. cntinued t help the black peple with the plitical struggle
B. was taking a psitin in a music grup
C. was carrying n the wrld’s greatest fight against AIDS
D. was preparing fr the next president electin
【解析】选C。推理判断题。综合全文可知A、B、D三项错误; 从末段“He hped t win anther victry against AIDS. ”可推断出答案, 因为艾滋病非洲最严重, 故选C。
B
Kng Zi. called Cnfucius(551-479 B. C. )and Scrates (469-399 B. C. )lived nly a hundred years apart, and during their lifetimes there was n cntact between China and Greece, but it is interesting t lk at hw the wrld that each f these great philsphers came frm shaped their ideas, and hw these in turn, shaped their scieties.
Neither philspher lived in times f peace, thugh there were mre wars in Greece than in China. The Chinese states were very large and feudal, while the Greek city-states were small and urban. The urban envirnment in which Scrates lived allwed him t be mre radical(激进的)than Cnfucius. Unlike Cnfucius, Scrates was nt asked by rulers hw t gvern effectively. Thus Scrates was able t be mre idealistic, fcusing n issues like freedm and knwledge fr its wn sake, n the ther hand, advised thse in gvernment service, and many f his students went n t gvernment service.
Cnfucius suggested Rule as a principle fr the cnduct f “D nt d t thers what yu wuld nt want thers t yu. ”He assumed that all men were equal at birth, thugh sme had mre ptential than thers, and that it was knwledge that set men apart. Scrates fcused n individual, and thught that the greatest purpse f man was t seek wisdm. He believed that sme had mre ptential t develp their reasn than thers did. Like Cnfucius, he believed that the superir class shuld rule the inferir(下层的)classes.
Fr Scrates, the family was f n imprtance, and the cmmunity f little cncern. Fr Cnfucius, hwever, the family was the centre f sciety, with family relatins cnsidered much mre imprtant than plitical relatins.
Bth men are respected much mre tday than they were in their lifetimes.
【语篇概述】本文阐述了两位思想家孔子和苏格拉底主张的观点的异同。
5. Which f the fllwing is TRUE accrding t the first paragraph?
A. Scrates and Cnfucius had much in cmmn.
B. Cnfucius had much influence n Scrates’ ideas.
C. The scieties were influenced by the philsphers’ ideas.
D. There were exchanges between China and Greece.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。第一自然段主要讲述了孔子和苏格拉底生活期间尽管中国和希腊没有任何往来, 但是两位哲学家的不同生活地影响着他们观点的形成并且这些观点又影响着他们当时生活的社会。
6. Scrates shared with Cnfucius the idea that ______.
A. all men were equal when they were brn
B. the lwer classes shuld be ruled by the upper class
C. the purpse f man was t seek freedm and wisdm
D. peple shuld nt ask thers t d what they did nt want t
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第三段中“Like Cnfucius, he believed that the superir class shuld rule the inferir(下层的)classes. (跟孔子一样, 苏格拉底认为, 上层阶级应该统治下层阶级。)”。
7. What made sme peple different frm thers accrding t Cnfucius?
A. Family B. Ptential
C. KnwledgeD. Cmmunity
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第三自然段“He assumed that all men were equal at birth, thugh sme had mre ptential than thers, and that it was knwledge that set men apart. ”可知, 人生来都是平等的, 是知识将人分开了。
8. This passage is rganized in the pattern f ______.
A. time and eventsB. cmparisn and cntrast
C. cause and effectD. definitin and classificatin
【解析】选B。篇章结构题。本文主要阐述了两位哲学家观点的异同, 是以对比和比较的方式来安排文章的。
Ⅱ. 完形填空
Tday, I was phning at an ATM that was situated inside a petrl bunk. The security guard wh was a 72-year-ld man 1 reminded me that I culd nt 2 my cell phne inside the ATM. When I came utside, I had a strng wish t talk with him.
At first, I felt a little sympathetic(同情的). In my 3 , he seemed like a pr, elderly man wh was still wrking at this ATM. I ended up 4 him. He spke t me abut his family, and 5 abut his sn and daughter. He tld me that his daughter always cared fr him, even thugh she was married herself. Then he 6 his by, wh “has a heart f stne”. He advised me t save mney fr my ld age, and I 7 him fr his advice.
As we spke, he pened up quite a bit. He 8 lved telling me abut his life—his family, his limited incme, and hw the family were still 9 in spite f all the difficulties. I had nthing t give except time. I thught abut giving him mney, 10 it didn’t feel quite right. I had made the mistake in the past, and as we spke, it became 11 that he wanted my time. Nt my mney. I did nt want t take away his dignity(尊严) 12 giving him mney.
By the time the cnversatin 13 , I was clse t tears. Ordinary peple—when given the pprtunity t 14 their stry—are real gems(难能可贵的人). Smetimes, time and presence are the best gifts yu can give. It certainly made me 15 listening and be in the presence f this elder.
【语篇概述】本文是记叙文。在谈话中, 贫穷的老人谈论他的家人、有限的收入和快乐的日子, 作者一直在耐心地倾听。在作者看来, 倾听是给予老人最好的礼物。
1. A. kindly B. rudely C. quietly D. secretly
【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。联系下文中作者和老人进行的友好交谈可以推知, 老人温和地(kindly)提醒作者。
2. A. buyB. findC. hideD. use
【解析】选D。背景常识题。根据上文中的“I was phning. . . ”可知, 老人提醒作者不要在里面使用(use)手机。
3. A. suggestinB. impressin
C. attitudeD. dream
【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。句中的“. . . he seemed like a pr, elderly man”的语境说明此处指作者的印象(impressin)。
4. A. quarreling withB. listening t
C. hearing frmD. laughing at
【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。由文章最后一句“It certainly made me. . . listening. . . ” 可知, 作者倾听(listening t )老人说话。
5. A. immediatelyB. actually
C. finallyD. especially
【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。下文老人提到了自己的两个孩子, 所以这里指老人特别地(especially)谈到他的儿子和女儿。
6. A. described B. praisedC. intrduced D. educated
【解析】选A。背景常识题。说完女儿之后, 老人又描述(describe)他的儿子。
7. A. helped B. shwedC. calledD. thanked
【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。作者感谢了(thanked)老人的建议。
8. A. simply B. hardlyC. nearlyD. widely
【解析】选A。词义辨析题。他只是(simply)喜欢谈论有关他的家庭生活, 包括家人、收入等。
9. A. busyB. nervusC. prD. happy
【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。联系从句“. . . in spite f all the difficulties” 中表示的让步意义可以推知, 老人的家人是幸福快乐的(happy)。
10. A. and B. butC. sD. thugh
【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。作者想给他钱, 但是(but)感到不合适。
11. A. strange B. cmmnC. clearD. easy
【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。老人一直不停地说, 很明显(clear)他需要的是作者的时间。
12. A. fr B. byC. inD. frm
【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。根据前句“. . . he wanted my time. Nt my mney” 的意思说明作者不想通过(by)给钱而伤害了他的尊严。
13. A. started B. cntinuedC. lastedD. ended
【解析】选D。词义辨析题。该段是对全文的总结, 所以这里指谈话结束(ended)的时候。
14. A. shareB. write
C. understandD. crrect
【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。老人和作者分享(share)自己的情况。
15. A. keep B. avidC. frgetD. admit
【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。正是作者的这种想法才使得作者一直(keep)倾听老人的讲话。
Ⅲ. 语法填空
Jeff Bezs is the funder and CEO f Amazn. cm, which is ne f the first cmpanies 1. ______ (sell)prducts n the Internet.
Bezs was brn 2. ______ January 12, 1964 in New Mexic, the U. S. As a child, Bezs was very 3. ______ (interest) in hw things wrked. When he was in his teens, his family mved t Miami, 4. ______ he develped a lve fr cmputers. Bezs did well in schl and his class were 5. ______ (pride) f him. In high schl, he started his first business, Dream Institute, 6. ______ educatinal summer camp fr furth, fifth and sixth grades.
At the age f thirty, Jeff Bezs was a 7. ______ (succeed)vice-president(副总)f a cmpany in New Yrk. N ne culd understand him when he made the 8. (decide)t give up the jb. Bezs drve acrss the cuntry t Seattle and started an nline bkstre 9. (call) Amazn. cm. Bezs had very little mney and the cmpany was very small at the beginning. Hwever, business has been grwing rapidly since it 10. (fund)and nw yu can buy anything frm fd t gld rings n Amazn. cm, ne f the wrld’s largest nline shpping centers.
【语篇概述】本文讲述了亚马逊网的创始人和首席执行官杰夫·贝佐斯的人生经历。
1. 【解析】t sell。考查非谓语动词。名词前有序数词修饰, 后面跟不定式作定语, 故填t sell。
2. 【解析】n。考查介词。表示具体日期, 在某一天用n, 故填n。
3. 【解析】interested。考查非谓语动词。在此处表示人“感兴趣的”, 用interested; interesting修饰物, be interested in 表示“对……感兴趣”, 故填interested。
4. 【解析】where。考查定语从句的引导词。关系副词where引导定语从句, 修饰先行词Miami, where在定语从句中作地点状语, 故填where。
5. 【解析】prud。考查词性转换。空格前是系动词be后面应当用形容词作表语构成be prud f短语。
6. 【解析】an。考查冠词。“an educatinal summer camp fr furth, fifth and sixth grades”是Dream Institute的同位语, 解释说明Dream Institute是一个什么样的夏令营, 用不定冠词, 故填an。
7. 【解析】successful。考查形容词。空格中所填单词在句中作定语, 修饰名词, 需用形容词形式, 故填successful。
8. 【解析】decisin。考查名词。格中所填单词在句中作make的宾语, 需用名词形式, 故填decisin。
9. 【解析】called。考查非谓语动词。“called Amazn. cm. ”是过去分词短语作后置定语, call与其逻辑主语之间是动宾关系, 用过去分词形式表示被动, 故填called。
10. 【解析】was funded。考查动词的时态和语态。since后的状语从句应用一般过去时, it与fund之间是被动关系, 故填was funded。