2022届湖南省长沙市第一中学高三上学期月考卷（一）英语试题含解析

这是一份2022届湖南省长沙市第一中学高三上学期月考卷（一）英语试题含解析，共22页。试卷主要包含了5 分,满分7，15，9题等内容，欢迎下载使用。

时量:120分钟 满分:150分
第一部分听力(共两节,满分 30分)
做题时,先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。,
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5 分,满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A.B.C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例: Hw much is the shirt?
A. ₤19.15. B. ₤9.18. C. ₤9. 15.
答案是C.
1. What's the man's plan fr the weekend?
A. Seeing a dctr, B. Walking arund the lake: C. Wrking at the ,hspital.
2. What dcs the man think highly f abut the play?
A. The cstumes: B. The music. C. The scenery.
3. When is the wman ging t take her hliday?
A. In July. B. In August. C. In September.
4. Hw did the by g t schl tday?
A. By bus. B. By bike. . C. By car.
5. What d we knw abut the man?
A. He might miss this twn. B. He desn't like the new jb. C. He hasn't been hme fr lng.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5 分,满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A.B.C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前.你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后.各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。
6. What did Grandma just d in Lndn?
A. She acted in a mvie. B. She visited the speakers. C. She attended an award ceremny.
7. When might Grandma arrive?
A. At9:00 pm. B. At 10:00 pm. C. At 11:00 pm.
听第7段材料,回答第8.9题。
8. What is the relatinship between the speakers?
A. Fellw wrkers. B. Husband and wife. C. Salesman and custmer.
9 What did Peter d last Sunday afternn?
A. He went t a car shw. B. He tk a day ff. C. He had many meetings.
听第8段材料,回答第10至12题.,
10. Why is the man talking t the wman?
A. T add anther curse. B. T get advice n credits. C. T cmplain abut a class.
11. What is the man's truble?
A. He missed the deadline. B. He lst his class schedule. C. He registered t many classes.
12. What will the man d next?
A. Dwnlad a special frm. B. Chse a curse t drp. C. Ask the histry prfessr fr help.
听第9段材料,回答第13至16题。
13. What kind f rm did the man bk?
A. A single rm with i bathrm.
B. A duble rm with a bathrm.
C. A duble rm withut-a bathrm.
14. What did the man frget t fill in?
A. His signature B. His passprt number. C. His departure date.
15. Hw much shuld the man pay?
A. $90. . B. $ 180. C. $ 270.
16. What des the wman remind the man t d?
A. G t the Infrmatin Desk. B. Take the key card all the time. C. Sign fr the meals and drinks.
听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。
17. Hw lng des the speaker's prgram last?
A.2 hurs. B.4 hurs. C.6 hurs.
18. When dcs the speaker get t the radi statin?
A. At 4:30 am. B. At 5:00 am. C. At 6:00 am.
19. What dcs the speaker d first after getting hme?
A. Take a quick shwer. B. Prepare fr the next day. C. Deal with prgram e-mails.
20. What is the speaker mainly talking abut?
A. His new website. B. His wrk experience. C. His wrk timetable.
第二部分阅读(共两节,满分 50分)
第一节(共 15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A.B.C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Besides Marie Curie, these wmen devted their lives t science and made significant advances.
Carline Herschel(1750—1848)
Herschel was ill-treated by her parents in Hanver until her lder brther, William, brught her t England in 1772 t run his husehld in Bath. Later, her brther switched careers frm singing and went int astrnmy. Carline fllwed. In additin t assisting her brther in his bservatins and in the building f telescpes, Carline became a brilliant astrnmer in her wn right. She was the first wman t discver a cmet (she discvered eight in ttal) and the first t have her wrk published by the Ryal Sciety.
Barbara McClintck(1902—1992)
While studying btany at Crnell University in the 1920s, Barbara McClintck gt her first taste f genetics and was hked. She cntinued her research at universities in Califrnia, Missuri and Germany befre finding a permanent hme at Cld Spring Harbr in New Yrk. It was there that, after bserving the patterns f clratin f; crn kernels ver generatins f plants, she determined that genes culd mve within and between chrmsmes. McClintck was awarded a Lasker Prize in 1981 and Nbel Prize in 1983.
Maria Geppert Mayer(1906—1972)
A German immigrant t the US wh studied at Jhns Hpkins during the Great Depressin, Maria Geppert Mayer, brn in 1906 , cntinued her studies even when n university wuld emply her and went n t becme a chemical physicist. Her mst famus cntributin t mdern physics is discvering the nuclear shell f the atmic nucleus, fr which she wn the Nbel Prize in 1963. She was the secnd wman t win a Nbel Prize, after Marie Curie.
1. Wh might Carline Herschel be mst grateful t fr her achievements in astrnmy?
A. Her parents.B. Her brther.
C. The Ryal Sciety.D. Astrnmers f her time.
2. Hw did Barbara McClintck draw the final cnclusin?
A. By tasting crn kernels.B. By making rugh guesses.
C. By making careful bservatins.D. By researching at universities.
3. Wh was the first wman Nbel Prize winner?
A. Carline Herschel.B. Barbara McClintck.
C. Maria Geppert Mayer.D. Marie Curie.
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是应用文。文章主要介绍了科学界三位伟大女性以及她们所做出的巨大贡献和成就。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Herschel was ill-treated by her parents in Hanver until her lder brther, William, brught her t England in 1772 t run his husehld in Bath. Later, her brther switched careers frm singing and went int astrnmy. Carline fllwed. In additin t assisting her brther in his bservatins and in the building f telescpes, Carline became a brilliant astrnmer in her wn right.( Herschel在汉诺威受到父母的虐待，直到她的哥哥William在1772年把她带到英国，在巴斯经营他的家庭。后来，她的哥哥改变了职业，不再唱歌，而是进入了天文学领域。Carline紧随其后。除了协助她哥哥进行观测和建造望远镜外，Carline自己也成为一名出色的天文学家)”可知，Carline Herschel在天文学方面的成就可能最要感谢她的哥哥。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Barbara McClintck部分中“It was there that, after bserving the patterns f clratin f; crn kernels ver generatins f plants, she determined that genes culd mve within and between chrmsmes.(就是在那里，在观察了它的颜色模式之后；经过几代植物的玉米粒，她确定基因可以在染色体内部和染色体之间移动)”可知，Barbara McClintck是通过观察几代玉米粒的着色规律而得出最终结论的。故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Maria Geppert Mayer部分中“She was the secnd wman t win a Nbel Prize, after Marie Curie.(她是继居里夫人之后第二位获得诺贝尔奖的女性)”可知，居里夫人是第一个获得诺贝尔奖的女性。故选D。
B
After graduating frm high schl in 2019, with nly a few simple tls and n prir cnstructin experience, Grankvist set ut int the vast Swedish wilderness t realize his dream f building a secluded lg cabin by hand- all by himself.
With n cnstructin crew r cmplex machinery, Grankvist chpped dwn trees, built a stne fundatin, and stacked lgs n tp f ne anther t create his humble ff-the-grid (脱离电网的) hme. The entire prject is dcumented n Grankvist's YuTube channel, where viewers can find several vides f his jurney-frm braving the Swedish winter t learning hw t thrw axes.
I must admit that when I first heard abut Grankvist's prject, my initial thught was: “But what abut cllege?” Did this man have any lng term plans fr his future that didn't invlve building a lg cabin? What abut building a steady career path? Did he cnsider cnstructing a reliable retirement fund?
But as these questins were running thrugh my mind, anther ne struck me: “Why des it matter?”
Why d we s ften measure success by amunt f schling r the s-called lngevity f a stable career path? If building a lg cabin alne in the middle f a Swedish frest will make yu happy, then why wuldn't yu pursue that instead f a stable jb, even if it might mean yu make less mney in the lng run? Wh's telling yu that pursuing such a prject isn't the “right” chice?
I knw it's easy t talk a big game. it's nt as easy t drp ut f schl and pursue yur wildest fantasy full-time. What matters is that yu never lse sight f what is truly imprtant t yu and where yur passins lie, even if yu can't put everything else n hld. S, in the midst f the rat race, tree by tree, dn't frget t build yur lg cabin.
4. What CAN’T viewers find n Grankvist's YuTube channel?
A. He built a stne fundatin.B. He used cmplex machines.
C. He faced up t the harsh winter.D. He learned t hw t use axes.
5. Why is the stry f Grankvist mentined?
A. T criticize the traditinal high schl classrm teaching.
B. T explain the fantastic prject made by Grankvist.
C. T think highly f the by fr his cleverness.
D. T lead up t the tpic f what truly matters in life.
6. Which sentence belw can shw the authr's supprtive attitude t Grankist's cabin-building experience?
A. Did this man have any lng-term plans fr his future that didn't invlve building a lg cabin?
B. Did he cnsider cnstructing a reliable retirement fund?
C. What abut building a steady career path?
D. Wh's telling yu that pursuing such a prject isn't the “right” chice?
7. What message des the authr want t cnvey?
A. Have lng-term aims fr ur future.B. G ff the grid and build yur “lg cabin”.
C. Never talk a big game.D. Make a balance between yur passin and career.
【答案】4. B 5. D 6. D 7. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。Grankvist在高中毕业之后没有继续求学，而是去荒野之林中建立自己的小木屋。作者借Grankvist这件事，来探讨人们做选择时究竟什么最重要。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“With n cnstructin crew r cmplex machinery, Grankvist chpped dwn trees, built a stne fundatin, and stacked lgs n tp f ne anther t create his humble ff-the-grid (脱离电网的) hme.(没有施工队或复杂的机械，Grankvist砍倒树木，建了一个石头地基，一个接一个地堆放原木，创造了他简陋的、没有电的家)”可知，Grankvist并没有使用复杂的机器。故选B。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“I must admit that when I first heard abut Grankvist's prject, my initial thught was: “But what abut cllege?” Did this man have any lng term plans fr his future that didn't invlve building a lg cabin? What abut building a steady career path? Did he cnsider cnstructing a reliable retirement fund?( 我必须承认，当我第一次听到Grankvist的项目时，我最初的想法是：“但大学怎么办？这个人对他的未来有什么长远的计划而不包括建造一个小木屋吗？建立一条稳定的职业道路怎么样？他考虑过建立一个可靠的退休基金吗？)”可推知，作者借Grankvist这件事，来探讨人们做选择时究竟什么最重要。故选D。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Why d we s ften measure success by amunt f schling r the s-called lngevity f a stable career path? If building a lg cabin alne in the middle f a Swedish frest will make yu happy, then why wuldn't yu pursue that instead f a stable jb, even if it might mean yu make less mney in the lng run? Wh's telling yu that pursuing such a prject isn't the “right” chice?(为什么我们总是用受教育的程度或所谓的稳定职业道路的寿命来衡量成功？如果在瑞典的森林中独自建造一间小木屋会让你感到快乐，那么你为什么不去追求它而不是一份稳定的工作，即使这可能意味着从长远来看你赚的钱会更少？谁告诉你追求这样一个项目不是“正确”的选择？)”可推知，D选项“谁告诉你追求这样一个项目不是‘正确’的选择？”可以表明作者对Grankvist的小屋建造经历的支持态度。故选D。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“I knw it's easy t talk a big game. it's nt as easy t drp ut f schl and pursue yur wildest fantasy full-time. What matters is that yu never lse sight f what is truly imprtant t yu and where yur passins lie, even if yu can't put everything else n hld. S, in the midst f the rat race, tree by tree, dn't frget t build yur lg cabin.(我知道夸夸其谈很容易。辍学去追求你最疯狂的幻想可不是件容易的事。重要的是，你永远不会忘记什么是真正对你重要的，你的激情在哪里，即使你不能把其他的事情搁置。所以，在激烈的竞争中，一棵一棵地，别忘了建造你的小木屋)”可推知，作者想传递的想法就是摆脱世俗束缚，去寻求自己真正想要的东西。故选B。
C
Micrsft has annunced a plicy requiring its cntractrs t ffer emplyees a minimum f 12 weeks' paid parental leave t care fr a newbrn baby, paying them up t $1,000 a week. The plicy, which affects US- based cmpanies that d wrk fr the technlgy cmpany and have mre than 50 emplyees, will be rlled ut ver the next year. It will affect peple including the cmpany's cafeteria wrkers, dr keepers and IT supprt staff.
Micrsft said it was inspired by a new Washingtn state law fr paid parental leave taking effect in 2020. The new law nly applies t cntractrs' and suppliers' emplyees in that state, s Stahlkpf, the cmpany's general cunsel, said they wanted t expand it s it wuldn't leave thusands f valued cntributrs utside f Washingtn behind.
The new plicy will bring the parental leave benefits f affected cntractrs in line with thse f full-time emplyees, wh als get 12 weeks' paid parental leave, while birth mthers get an additinal 8 weeks' paid time ff.
"The case fr paid parental leave is clear,” said Stahlkpf, in a blg pst, citing varius studies shwing that it imprves prductivity, mrale and retentin f new mthers, “Further, when men and wmen have the pprtunity t take paid leave, it can help cunteract gender caregiving steretypes and prmte equity in the hme and ffice,” added Stahlkpf.
Ellen Brav, c-directr f Family Values@ Wrk, a grup that prmtes paid leave, praised Micrsft fr the mve. “We applaud Micrsft fr the leadership they've given in the fight fr paid leave,” Brav tld CNN. “At the same time, we have t ensure the time spent, caring babies des nt remain a wrkplace benefit dependent n wh yu wrk fr r where yu live.”
Micrsft has been under pressure t imprve wrking cnditins fr cntractrs after sme wrkers uninized in 2014 and started pushing fr benefits like paid leave. In 2015, Micrsft annunced it wuld require its suppliers t give their wrkers at least 15 days' paid time ff.
8. What inspired Micrsft t adpt the new plicy?
A. A new law in Washingtn.B. Its cntractrs' requirement.
C. Its full-time wrkers' prpsal.D. Its general cunsel's kindness.
9. If a full-time emplyee f Micrsft bears a child, hw lng is the paid leave she will enjy accrding t the text?
A. 15 days.B. 8 weeks.C. 12 weeks.D. 20 weeks.
10. Which f the fllwing statements will Brav prbably agree with?
A. All emplyees shuld enjy paid parental leave.
B. Only Washingtnians deserve paid parental leave.
C. Micrsft is under pressure t adpt the new plicy.
D. Micrsft emplyees are s lucky t get paid parental leave.
11. What is the passage abut?
A. The influence f a new Washingtn state law.
B. Micrsft imprving wrking cnditins fr cntractrs.
C. Micrsft requiring cntractrs t ffer paid parental leave.
D. The benefits f paid parental leave.
【答案】8. A 9. D 10. A 11. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是新闻报道。微软将要求其规模在50人以上的美国承包商为员工提供至少12周的带薪育儿假，介绍了此举背后的原因、影响以及人们对此的看法。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Micrsft said it was inspired by a new Washingtn state law fr paid parental leave taking effect in 2020.(微软表示，此举是受到华盛顿州一项将于2020年生效的带薪育儿假新法律的启发)”可知，是华盛顿的一项新法律促使微软采取了这项新政策。故选A。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“The new plicy will bring the parental leave benefits f affected cntractrs in line with thse f full-time emplyees, wh als get 12 weeks' paid parental leave, while birth mthers get an additinal 8 weeks' paid time ff.(新政策将使受影响的合同工的产假福利与全职员工相同，后者还将获得12周的带薪产假，而产妇将额外获得8周的带薪假期)”可知，如果微软的全职员工生了孩子，她可以享受20周的带薪假期。故选D。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段中“At the same time, we have t ensure the time spent caring babies des nt remain a wrkplace benefit dependent n wh yu wrk fr r where yu live.(与此同时，我们必须确保花在照顾婴儿上的时间不会仅仅是一项取决于你为谁工作或住在哪里的工作福利)”可推断，A选项“所有员工都应该享受带薪育儿假”的观点Brav会认同。故选A。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段中“Micrsft has annunced a plicy requiring its cntractrs t ffer emplyees a minimum f 12 weeks' paid parental leave t care fr a newbrn baby, paying them up t $1,000 a week.(微软宣布了一项政策，要求其承包商为员工提供至少12周的带薪育儿假，以照顾新生儿，每周最高支付1000美元)”结合文章说明了微软将要求其规模在50人以上的美国承包商为员工提供至少12周的带薪育儿假，介绍了此举背后的原因、影响以及人们对此的看法。可知，文章主要介绍了微软要求承包商提供带薪产假。故选C。
D
Cetaceans(鲸目动物) cmmunicate thrugh sund t find fd and t interact scially. Their sunds vary between species and within cmmunities. The lng-finned pilt whales can mimic (模仿) artificial nise, but nbdy had previusly recrded them. A new study, hwever, fund verlap in the cetacean sund bk.
Pilt whales and rcas(虎鲸)，the tw largest species f cetaceans, are ften seen in the same envirnments and are similar sizes, and bth live in scial grups with strng unin, says Charltte Cure, a researcher at CEREMA Lab in France, wh was nt invlved in the study. Orcas cmpete fr fd with lng-finned pilt whales and are ptentially their predatrs.
Evidence frm rca stmachs shws they d ccasinally eat pilt whales. But pilt whales can mb(成群田住) and chase them away, the nly cetaceans seen defending themselves frm the strng enemies in this way.
Mimicry culd serve as additinal defense; “One assumptin is that if they use similar sunds, they may nt be recgnized as prey," Erbe says. Pilt whales eating rcas' fd remains might g unnticed if they use rca-like calls. “This is all underwater," she adds, “s these animals rely n sund fr detecting their prey and predatrs.”Lng-finned pilt whales have shwn an ability t distinguish between rca calls with different meanings; Cure suggests that instead f tricking rcas, the callers culd instead be presenting a new rca sund t ther grup members.
Additinal wrk wuld cnfirm whether mimicry is actually ccurring. Researchers culd pair their listening data with direct bservatins f the animals' interactins in the wild r perhaps even play rca sunds and watch the whales' reactins.
But if a future experiment used predatry sunds, it wuld need t be dne. very carefully.“A reactin t a predatr can be very strng," Cure says.“In sme prtected areas, yu are nt allwed t d mre than tw predatry playbacks per year."
12. Which f the fllwing is NOT shared by the pilt whales and rcas?
A. They cmmunicate thrugh sund.
B. They ften live in the same envirnments.
C. They can defend themselves thrugh mimicry.
D. They always live tgether with ther grup members.
13. What d we knw frm the furth paragraph?
A. The pilt whales mimic the sunds t detect their prey.
B. The pilt whales nly mimic ne kind f the sunds f the rcas.
C. The pilt whales can pretend t be rcas t share the fd remains.
D. The pilt whales can distinguish different meanings f rca calls t trick them.
14. Hw d the researchers cnfirm whether mimicry is actually ccurring?
A. By bserving the whales frm the distance.
B. By mimicking the sunds in the experiment.
C. By analyzing the data frm the cetacean sund bk.
D. By listening r playing the sunds and watching the whales' reactins.
15. Which can be a suitable title fr the text?
A. Pilt Whales: Cpy Orca CallsB. Hw Orcas Mimic Pilt Whale Calls
C. Hw Pilt Whales Defend ThemselvesD. Orcas and Pilt Whales: Predatrs and Prey
【答案】12. C 13. C 14. D 15. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主题语境是人与自然，讲述长肢领航鲸拥有模仿虎鲸声音的能力。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段可知，pilt whales可以模仿声音，但并未提及rcas可以模仿声音。A选项根据第一句话“Cetaceans(鯨目动物) cmmunicate thrugh sund t find fd and t interact scially.（鲸目动物通过声音交流来寻找食物和社交。）”可以看出来；B选项根据第二段中的“ ften seen in the same envirnments（经常在相同的环境中被看见）”可以看出来；D选项根据第二段中的“…live in scial grups with strng unin”(...他们都是群居动物)可以看出来。故选C。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Pilt whales eating rcas' fd remains might g unnticed if they use rca-like calls.”（如果领航鲸使用类似虎鲸的声音，那它们吃虎鲸的食物残渣便不会被发现）”可知，领航鲸可以假装是虎鲸来分享食物残渣。故选C。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。通过倒数第二段“Researchers culd pair their listening data with direct bservatins f the animals' interactins in the wild r perhaps even play rca sunds and watch the whales' reactins.”（研究人员可以将他们听觉的数据和直接观察到的野生动物之间的互动进行匹配，甚至可以播放虎鲸的声音、观察长肢领航鲸的反应）可知，通过播放虎鲸的声音来观察领航鲸的反应。故选D。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“The lng-finned pilt whales can mimic artificial nise, but nbdy had previusly recrded them. A new study, hwever, fund verlap in the cetacean sund bk.（长鳍领航鲸可以模仿人工噪音，但之前没有人对它们进行过记录。然而，一项新的研究发现，鲸类动物的声音书中有重叠部分。）”，可以得出本文是讲述长肢领航鲸拥有模仿虎鲸声音的能力。故选A。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分 12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
"Old wives' tales" are beliefs passed dwn frm ne generatin t anther. Fr example, mst f us remember ur parents' telling us t eat mre f certain fds r nt t d certain things. ___16___ Sme f them agree with present medical thinking, but thers have nt passed the test f time.
Did yur mther ever tell yu t eat yur carrts because they are gd fr yur eyes? Scientists nw reprt that eating carrts can help prevent a serius eye disease called macular degeneratin. Eating just ne carrt a day can reduce the pssibility f getting this disease by 40%. ___17___ It can kill the type f virus that causes clds.
___18___ Fr example, generatins f children have been tld nt t g swimming within an hur after eating. ___19___ D sweets cause tth prblems? Well, yes and n. Sticky sweets made with grains tend t cause mre prblems than sweets made with simple sugars.
Even thugh science can tell us that sme f ur traditinal beliefs dn't hld water, there is still a lt f truth in the ld wives' tales. ___20___ We shuld respect this bdy f knwledge even as we search fr clear scientific supprt t prve it true r false.
A. Garlic is gd fr yu, t.
B. Is there any truth in these teachings?
C. Wh can decide whether they are right r wrng?
D. But research suggests that there is n danger in ding s.
E. Unfrtunately, nt all f Mm's advice passed the test f medical studies.
F. After all, much f this knwledge has been accumulated frm thusands f years f experience in family health care.
G. They are just the guesses and imaginatins f peple in the past when peple's scientific knwledge was quite limited.
【答案】16. B 17. A 18. E 19. D 20. F
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章主要就“不听老人言，吃亏在眼前”里是否有真理进行了讨论。
【16题详解】
根据前文Fr example, mst f us remember ur parents' telling us t eat mre f certain fds r nt t d certain things. (例如，我们很多人都记得我们的父母告诉我们多吃某些食物，或者不要做某些事)与B. Is there any truth in these teachings? (这些教导有什么真理吗？)承接自然，选项中的these teachings就是前文的telling us t eat mre f certain fds r nt t d certain things.故选B项。
【17题详解】
根据后文It can kill the type f virus that causes clds. (它可以杀死引起感冒的病毒)与A. Garlic is gd fr yu, t. (蒜对你有好处)承接自然，后文的it就是选项中的garlic，故选A项。
【18题详解】
根据下文D sweets cause tth prblems? Well, yes and n. Sticky sweets made with grains tend t cause mre prblems than sweets made with simple sugars. (糖会引起牙齿问题吗？是也不是。用谷物制成的黏糖比用单糖制成的糖果更容易引起问题)可推测本段想要表达，父母的教导不一定全是对的，E. Unfrtunately, nt all f Mm's advice passed the test f medical studies. (不幸的是，并非所有妈妈的建议都能通过医学研究的检验)符合以上说法，故选E项。
【19题详解】
根据上文Fr example, generatins f children have been tld nt t g swimming within an hur after eating. (一代又一代的孩子被告知饭后一小时内不要去游泳)与D. But research suggests that there is n danger in. (但是研究表明这样做没有危险)承接自然，选项的ding s就是前文的g swimming within an hur after eating.故选D项。
【20题详解】
根据前文Even thugh science can tell us that sme f ur traditinal beliefs dn't hld water, there is still a lt f truth in the ld wives' tales. (尽管科学告诉我们，我们的一些传统信仰站不住脚，但是“不听老人言，吃亏在眼前”中仍然有很多真理) 与F. After all, much f this knwledge has been accumulated frm thusands f years f experience in family health care. (毕竟，这些知识大部分都是从几千年的家庭保健经验中积累起来的)承接自然，选项中的much f this knwledge就是前文的a lt f truth in the ld wives' tales.故选F项。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15 小题;每小题1分,满分15分) .
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项。
A few mnths ag, I was dwn with a terrible cld which ended in a cugh that was hard t get rid f. N matter hw many different medicines I tried, I____21____culdn’t get rid f the cugh. Nt nly did it____22____my teaching but als my life as a whle.
Then ne day after class, a student came up t me and____23____ traditinal Chinese medicine. Frm descriptin Chinese medicine sunded as if it had magic pwer that____24____. I was____25____ because I knew s little abut it and have never tried it befre. ____26____ my cugh gt s much wrse that I culdn’t sleep at night, s I decided t give it a____27____.The Chinese dctr tk my pulse and asked t see my tngue, bth f which were’ new experience t me because they are bth____28____ in Western medicine, where diagnsis relies heavily n____29____. Then the dctr gave me a scraping (刮) treatment knwn as “Gua Sha”. I was a little _____30_____ at first because he used a smth edged tl t scrape the skin n my neck and shulders.
A few minutes later, the treatment started t prduce a_____31_____effect and my bdy and mind began t sink deeper int_____32_____. I didn’t feel any imprvement in my_____33_____in the first cuple f days, but after a few mre regular visits t the dctr, my cugh started t _____34_____. Then within a matter f weeks, it was cmpletely_____35_____ !
21. A. evenB. stillC. certainlyD. currently
22. A. benefitB. facilitateC. changeD. incnvenience
23. A. sldB. recmmendedC. adptedD. trusted
24. A. brught rewardsB. set trendsC. wrked wndersD. changed rules
25. A. hesitantB. excitedC. nervusD. ptimistic
26. A. EventuallyB. CnsequentlyC. SurprisinglyD. Admittedly
27. A. lkB. breakC. missD. sht
28. A. nnexistentB. frequently-usedC. nneffectiveD. highly-recmmended
29. A. hspitalsB. dctrsC. machinesD. symptms
30. A. tiredB. unsatisfiedC. scaredD. disappinted
31. A. damagingB. relievingC. clingD. stimulating
32. A. painB. relaxatinC. depressinD. uneasiness
33. A. strengthB. capabilityC. circumstanceD. cnditin
34. A. lessenB. wrsenC. quickenD. lengthen
35. A. fineB. unexpectedC. gneD. different
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. B 24. C 25. A 26. A 27. D 28. A 29. C 30. C 31. B 32. B 33. D 34. A 35. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者咳嗽了很久且多少药都不管用。咳嗽严重影响了作者的教学和生活。后来在学生的推荐下，作者去看了中医。经过几周治疗，作者完全康复。
【21题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：不管我用了多少不同的药，我仍然治不好咳嗽。A. even甚至；B. still仍然；C. certainly当然；D. currently当前。根据“N matter hw many different medicines I tried”可知，不管作者用了多少不同的药，仍然治不好咳嗽。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这不仅给我的教学带来了不便，而且也给我的整个生活带来了不便。A. benefit有益于，受益；B. facilitate促进，帮助；C. change转变，改变；D. incnvenience麻烦，打扰。根据上文“I 1 culdn’t get rid f the cugh”可知，咳嗽给作者的教学和整个生活都带来了不便。故选D。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来有一天下课，一个学生来找我，向我推荐中医。A. sld卖，销售；B. recmmended推荐，介绍；C. adpted收养，采用；D. trusted信任，依赖。根据下文“Frm descriptin”可知，有一天下课，一个学生来找作者并推荐了中医。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：根据描述，中医听起来好像有产生奇妙的作用的神奇力量。A. brught rewards带来收获；B. set trends设定潮流；C. wrked wnders创造奇迹，产生奇妙作用；D. changed rules更改规则。根据“as if it had magic pwer”可知，中医听起来好像有产生奇妙的作用的神奇力量。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很犹豫，因为我对它知之甚少，以前从来没有尝试过。A. hesitant犹豫不决的；B. excited兴奋的，激动的；C. nervus神经的；D. ptimistic乐观的。根据“because I knew s little abut it and have never tried it befre”可知，作者犹豫了。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：最后，我的咳嗽越来越严重，晚上睡不着觉，所以我决定试一试。A. Eventually最后，终于；B. Cnsequently因此，结果；C. Surprisingly惊人地；D. Admittedly诚然，公认地。根据“my cugh gt s much wrse that I culdn’t sleep at night”可知，最后作者的咳嗽越来越严重，晚上睡不着觉。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：最后，我的咳嗽越来越严重，晚上睡不着觉，所以我决定试一试。A. lk样子，面容，看；B. break间断，休息，破裂；C. miss错过，失败；D. sht发射，炮弹。根据下文“The Chinese dctr tk my pulse and asked t see my tngue”可知，作者决定试一试。短语give it a sht“试一试”。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：中国医生给我把了把脉，还让我看舌头，这对我来说都是全新的经历，因为在严重依赖机器诊断的西医中，这两种情况都是不存在的。A. nnexistent不存在的；B. frequently-used常用的；C. nneffective无效的；D. highly-recmmended高度推荐的。根据“bth f which were’ new experience t me”可知，把脉和看舌头这两种情况在西医里都是不存在的。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：中国医生给我把了把脉，还让我看舌头，这对我来说都是全新的经历，因为在严重依赖机器诊断的西医中，这两种情况都是不存在的。A. hspitals医院；B. dctrs医生；C. machines机器，机械；D. symptms症状。根据“in Western medicine”可知，西医是严重依赖机器的诊断。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一开始我有点害怕，因为他用一个光滑的边缘工具刮我脖子和肩膀的皮肤。A. tired疲倦的；B. unsatisfied不满意的；C. scared害怕的；D. disappinted失望的，沮丧的。根据与下文“ the treatment started t prduce a 11 effect and my bdy and mind began t sink deeper”形成对比，由此可知，一开始作者有点害怕。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：几分钟后，治疗开始产生缓解效果，我的身心开始更加放松。A. damaging有破坏性的；B. relieving舒缓的，宽慰的；C. cling凉爽的，冷却的；D. stimulating刺激的。根据“and my bdy and mind began t sink deeper”可知，几分钟后，治疗开始产生缓解效果。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：几分钟后，治疗开始产生缓解效果，我的身心开始更加放松。A. pain疼痛，努力；B. relaxatin放松，缓和；C. depressin沮丧，忧愁；D. uneasiness不安，担忧。根据上文“the treatment started t prduce a 11 effect”可知，治疗开始产生缓解效果，作者的身心开始更加放松。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在最初的几天里，我感觉自己的病情没有任何改善，但在多去看了几次医生后，我的咳嗽开始减轻。A. strength力量，力气；B. capability才能，能力；C. circumstance环境，状况；D. cnditin条件，情况。根据上文“I was dwn with a terrible cld which ended in a cugh that was hard t get rid f”可知，作者感觉自己的病情没有任何改善。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在最初的几天里，我感觉自己的病情没有任何改善，但在多去看了几次医生后，我的咳嗽开始减轻。A. lessen减少，减轻，使……减轻；B. wrsen恶化；C. quicken加快；D. lengthen延长，变长。根据“but after a few mre regular visits t the dctr”可知，但在多去看了几次医生后，作者的咳嗽开始减轻。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后在几周内，它就完全消失了！A. fine好的，优良的；B. unexpected意外的，想不到的；C. gne离去的，不复存在的；D. different不同的。根据“Then within a matter f weeks, it was cmpletely 15 !”可知，在几周内，咳嗽就完全消失了。故选C。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5 分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Are all changes gd?
It is a cmmnly held belief that as peple get lder, they becme resistant t change. Their cmplaints that things used t be better in the past r ____36____ sme new develpment is n gd can be dismissed as the unavidable thughts f peple wh____37____ (simple) dn't like change and are therefre ____38____ (able) t see the benefits f prgress.
But is this autmatically true? Are the views f an lder persn n a new develpment always t be disregarded? This wuld suggest that every new develpment must be a gd ____39____ and surely that cannt lgically be____40____ case.
Take____41____ (architect) fr example. In the 1950s and 1960s, many lder British peple were highly critical f the new cncrete husing blcks that suddenly sprang up in cities, ____42____ (say) that they were ugly and depressing places t live in. They were ____43____ (tell) that they were simply being ld-fashined and that they were incapable f appreciating the advantages f these new buildings, which had replaced the streets f small huses that they were familiar with. ____44____ decades later, these very same blcks were being pulled____45____, as new generatins decided they were bth ugly and bad fr sciety.
【答案】36. that
37. simply 38. unable
39. ne 40. the
41. architecture
42. saying 43. tld
44. Yet##But
45. dwn
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章讲述了随着年龄的增长人们会抗拒改变，因为他们看不到进步的好处。文章以建筑为例说明了每一代人对一个新发展的观点态度总是不同。
【36题详解】
考查同位语从句的引导词。句意：他们抱怨过去的情况更好，或者一些新的发展不好，这些都可以被认为是人们不可避免的想法，他们只是不喜欢改变，因此看不到进步的好处。 根据r可知此处要用引导词that，连接并列的同位语从句，作cmplaints的同位语。故填that。
【37题详解】
考查副词。句意：他们抱怨过去的情况更好，或者一些新的发展不好，这些都可以被认为是人们不可避免的想法，他们只是不喜欢改变，因此看不到进步的好处。 此处要用副词修饰谓语动词dn't like。故填simply。
【38题详解】
考查形容词。句意：他们抱怨过去的情况更好，或者一些新的发展不好，这些都可以被认为是人们不可避免的想法，他们只是不喜欢改变，因此看不到进步的好处。 根据系动词are 可知此处要用形容词，作表语。故填unable。
【39题详解】
考查代词。句意：这意味着每一个新的发展都必须是好的，但逻辑上肯定不是这样的。根据a gd可知此处要用代词ne，指的上文every new develpment同类中任意一个。故填ne。
【40题详解】
考查冠词。句意：这意味着每一个新的发展都必须是好的，但逻辑上肯定不是这样的。根据名词case可知此处要用定冠词the，表示特指。故填the。
【41题详解】
考查名词。句意：以建筑为例。根据动词Take可知此处要用名词，作宾语。故填architecture。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在20世纪五六十年代，许多英国老年人对城市中突然涌现的新型混凝土住宅街区持高度批评态度，称它们是丑陋和令人压抑的居住场所。根据句中已有谓语动词were highly critical f且空前无连接词，可知此处要用非谓语动词；由逻辑主语many lder British peple与say之间是主动关系，可知此处要用现在分词。故填saying。
【43题详解】
考查过去分词。句意：他们被告知，这些建筑只是过时了，他们无法欣赏这些新建筑的优点，因为它们已经取代了他们熟悉的街道上的小房子。分析句子可知，此处是谓语动词，根据主语They与tell之间是被动关系，可知此处要用被动语态，已有were ，可知此处要用动词的过去分词。故填tld。
【44题详解】
考查连词。句意：然而，几十年后，这些同样的街区被拆除了，因为新一代人认为它们既丑陋又对社会有害。根据these very same blcks were being pulled 10 可知与上文内容形成对比转折，此处要用表示转折的连词yet或是but。故填Yet/But。
【45题详解】
考查副词。句意：然而，几十年后，这些同样的街区被拆除了，因为新一代人认为它们既丑陋又对社会有害。动词短语pull dwn“摧毁，拆除”，是固定搭配。故填dwn。
第四部分写作(共两节 ,滿分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 你学校的英文校报正在征稿，要求为以下插图配一篇短文。 请为校报撰稿，其内容应包括：
1.图片的内容；
2.图片表达的含义。

注意:1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】ne pssible versin:
As we can see in the picture, a by is standing high n tp f many bks lking far int the distance.
Such a picture reminds me f a Chinese pem “t enjy a grander sight, climb t a greater height”. Like the steps t the greater height, bks can help braden ur hrizns and imprve ur understanding f the wrld. The mre bks we read, the mre knwledge we will gain, the mre learned we will be, and the brader hrizns we will have. S pick up bks and read! A mre exciting wrld is waiting fr us t explre.
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于图画作文，要求作者根据插图配一篇短文为校报撰稿。
【详解】1.词汇积累
提醒某人某事：warn sb. f sth. → remind sb. f sth.
获得：get→ gain
拿起：take up→ pick up
令人兴奋的：thrilling→ exciting
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：Like the steps t the greater height, bks can help braden ur hrizns and imprve ur understanding f the wrld.
拓展句：Like the steps t the greater height, nt nly can bks help braden ur hrizns but als imprve ur understanding f the wrld.
【点睛】[高分句型1] As we can see in the picture, a by is standing high n tp f many bks lking far int the distance.（运用了由as引导的定语从句）
[高分句型2] The mre bks we read the mre knwledge we will gain, the mre learned we will be, and the brader hrizns we will have.（运用了the+比较级…，the+比较级…句式）
第二节(满分25 分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
In my thirty-year teaching prfessin, ne f the best teachers I have ever knwn is Mr Rwe. I was lucky enugh t teach furth grade tgether with him.
Mr. Rwe had endless patience and understanding and I learned s much frm watching him. He culd perfrm miracles, like the ne he perfrmed with Steven, ne f the unhappiest kids I had ever seen. Steven culdn’t stand schl. He didn’t like being picked last fr kickball. He didn’t like the kids wh raised their hands and knew all the answers, and mst imprtantly, he didn’t like himself.
The first day he walked int Mr. Rwe’s classrm, he ignred the ther students, lking angry and annyed, and slid int his chair, kncking a cuple f textbks nt the flr.
Mr. Rwe walked ver t him and tuched Steven’s shulder, but Steven pulled away. Nevertheless, Mr. Rwe welcmed him:“Hi, Steven. I’m happy yu are in my class. We are gnna have a great year.” Steven lked arund the rm as if Mr. Rwe must be mistaken. N teacher in his right mind wuld want Steven t be part f his classrm. S, while Mr. Rwe seemed cheerful and relaxed that day f schl, it seemed like Steven was angry and cnfused.
That day after classes Mr. Rwe chse Steven t pitch (投球) the kickball during the break. “Hey, Steven,” Mr. Rwe cmmented, “Yu are gd at pitching. Let me shw yu my secret trick.” Mr. Rwe taught Steven ne f the tricks that nt a single kid culd perfrm. Steven learned fast and did quite well! Everyne cheered fr him!
After the kickball, Steven sat as clse t Mr. Rwe in classes as he culd. When a questin was asked, Steven lit up; when he knew the answer, he raised his hand; when he answered the questin, his vice shk. Hwever, he gt the answer right! He said, with Mr. Rwe, his days f the furth grade prmised wnderful. It was bvius that Steven grew t lve Mr. Rwe mre and mre with each passing day.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右：
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Time passed quickly that year, and befre we all knew it, it was the last day f schl.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Many years later, Mr. Rwe and I were surprised when a handsme yung man walked int ur classrm, dressed in the army unifrm.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Paragraph 1：
Time passed quickly that year, and befre we all knew it, it was the last day f schl. All the teachers filled the sidewalk, waving gdbye t the kids. But n that particular day, Steven walked slwly t the bus, his head dwn, tears in his eyes. He barded the bus reluctantly, hesitated, and then ran back ff the bus t hug Mr. Rwe. “I dn’t want t leave yu.” He sbbed. With red-rimmed eyes, Mr. Rwe cmfrted him, “I will miss yu, t.”
Paragraph 2：
Many years later, Mr. Rwe and I were surprised when a handsme yung man walked int ur classrm, dressed in the army unifrm. The yung man std tall and prud. It was Steven! Mr. Rwe and I culdn’t believe ur eyes. He saluted and hugged Mr. Rwe tightly! “I have cme back t schl tday just t say thanks t yu!” It is my hpe that every teacher is blessed with such a wnderful experience f a frmer student cming back t say, simply t say a very simple THANKS.
【解析】
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Mr. Rwe老师对学困生Steven的关心。刚开始Steven表示不接受，但是Mr. Rwe老师耐心地教育他，最后Steven学习进步，并在多年后回校感谢Mr. Rwe老师的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“那一年时间过得很快，不知不觉中，已经是上学的最后一天了。”可知，第一段可描写毕业告别的一系列活动尤其是Mr. Rwe老师和Steven之间的互动。
②由第二段首句内容“多年以后，当一个穿着军装的英俊年轻人走进我们的教室时，Mr. Rwe老师和我都很惊讶。”可知，第二段可描写Steven回学校看望Mr. Rwe老师的活动和表达了感谢之情。
2.续写线索：上学的最后一天——师生告别——Steven恋恋不舍——Steven与老师道别——Steven返校——老师惊讶——Steven感谢老师
3词汇激活
①跟某人说再见：wave gdbye t sb./say gdbye t sb.
②坐上车：bard the bus/get n the bus
③返回：run back/return/get back
情绪类：
①不情愿地：reluctantly/unwillingly
②惊讶的：surprised/astnished/amazed
【点睛】[高分句型1]. All the teachers filled the sidewalk, waving gdbye t the kids.(运用了现在分词作状语)
[高分句型2]. I have cme back t schl tday just t say thanks t yu!(使用了动词不定式作目的状语)