山西省太原市2021届高三下学期英语模拟考试试卷(三)

这是一份山西省太原市2021届高三下学期英语模拟考试试卷(三)，共16页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，任务型阅读，完形填空，语法填空，短文改错，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。

阅读理解
Pre-Cllege Prgram Curses
The Harvard Pre-Cllege Prgram will be hsting all curses nline fr Summer 2021. T encurage interactive learning, class sizes are small and typically range frm 12 t 18 students. In this cllegial setting, yu will practice the art f healthy debates, learn t cmmunicate clearly n cmplex tpics, and deliver presentatins n yur wn research, all under the guidance f Harvard instructrs fr a true Ivy League experience. At the end f the prgram, yu will receive a written evaluatin frm yur instructr, as well as a Harvard transcript with a grade f AR r NM ("requirements met" r "requirements nt met"). Please nte: Yu need t attend every nline class in its entirety t receive a passing grade f "Met All Requirements".
Curse: Care in Critical Times
• Jul 5 —Aug 16, Mn. t Thurs., 8:30 — 11:00 am
• Andrea Wright
What is care? Hw can and d cmmunities encurage care as a tl fr building healing, and hpe? This curse requires students t nt nly ask hw they might engage in caring acts with their wn cmmunities, but t cmplete a lcally based cmmunity prject that brings care.
Curse: Intrductin t neurscience
• Jul 7 — Jul 25, Wed. t Fri., Nn — 3:00 pm
• Grace Francis
This curse is an intrductin t the nervus system, with emphasis n the structure and functin f the human brain.
Curse: Cllege Writing
• Jul 1 — Jul 22, Thurs. t Sat., 8:00 — 11:30 am
• Martin T Greenup
This curse intrduces students t cllege writing by taking them thrugh the steps required t cmplete a five — page analytic essay. Students read a range f classic and cntemprary shrt stries, and develp strategies fr careful clse reading via class discussin and in-class exercises.
Curse: The Ecnmics f Cities
• Jun 17 — Jul 29, Sun. t Thurs., 3:15 — 6:15 pm
• Thmas Shay Hill
What causes cities t grw, and what limits their grwth? What are the csts f urban living, and hw can they be vercme? We examine a range f majr urban issues frm an ecnmic view: traffic and transprtatin; water, public health and the rle f cities in generating ecnmic grwth and technlgical innvatin.
1.What is the purpse f the first paragraph?
A. T ffer an verview f the prgram. B. T intrduce the prgram instructrs.
C. T present the cntents f the guidance. D. T explain the requirements f the curses.
2.Which curse can yu take if yu are available n Friday mrnings in July?
A. Care in Critical Times. B. Cllege Writing.
C. Intrductin t neurscience. D. The Ecnmics f Cities.
3.Whse curse shuld yu chse if yu are interested in urban public health?
A. Andrea Wright's. B. Grace Francis's. C. Martin T. Greenup's. D. Thmas Shay Hill's.
阅读理解
Wearing a caveman mask, Dr. Jhn Marzluff walks acrss the campus at the University f Washingtn in Seattle. Crws (乌鸦) circle and squawk (尖叫), diving at him and away.
Beneath the mask, he smiles. Days befre, he and his students, wearing caveman masks, trapped them and placed clred plastic bands n their legs. Then they released the unhappy birds. When the researchers wandered arund campus withut the masks, the crws they had caught and banded did nt react t them. But when the same humans walked by while wearing the masks, the crws sclded ludly and dived at their "enemies".
At first, nly the banded birds reacted aggressively t the peple in masks. But in later tests, mre and mre crws jined in, and even when the banded birds were nt arund. "Crws think and dream, fight and play, reasn and take risks," he says. "Their antics cnfuse us."
This led him t study hw crws' brains wrk. He and his students wre ne type f mask as they captured crws and brught them int the lab, training them t link that face with danger. Then a different kind f mask fr mre psitive activities, such as feeding and caring. Then he wrked with scientists at the university wh scan animal brains t see which parts f a crw's brain d certain tasks. Surprisingly, the scientists fund that when the crw saw the "danger" mask, ne part f its brain became active. When the crw saw the "care and feeding" mask, a different part f its brain lit up. The team has shwn that crws use the same parts f their brains fr recgnitin that humans d — smething that was nt knwn befre!
Mre than 10 years after the first mask experiment, campus crws still scld the "cavemen". Crws als recgnize peple wh are kind t them. Crws are always watching us... and they remember.
4.Why des Dr. Jhn Marzluff smile?
A. He intends t shw his kindness. B. He realizes his trick has wrked.
C. He is amused by the happy crws. D. He is embarrassed at the crws' respnse.
5.What des the underlined wrd "antics" in the third paragraph prbably refer t?
A. Ways f behaving. B. Hunting types. C. Flying mdels. D. Chances f survival.
6.Which f the fllwing wrds can best describe the crws accrding t the text?
A. Sciable, intelligent and bservant. B. Nisy, dangerus and annying.
C. Reasnable, cautius and aggressive. D. Strng-headed, prud and ppular.
7.What can we cnclude abut crws frm the furth paragraph?
A. They share the same wisdm as humans d.
B. They never frgive thse wh nce hurt them.
C. They nly recgnize the peple wh are bad t them.
D. They perfrm tasks with different parts f their brains.
阅读理解
We ften hear friends ask why they shuld read fictin. There is s much t learn frm histry, frm what is ging n at the frntiers f science, and frm cntemprary studies f human behavir. Why shuld they spend their scarce "free time" reading fictin, the purpse f which, at best, is nly entertainment?
We are disappinted abut such cmments. Yes, we respnd, we d find pleasure in reading fictin. But we als learn much abut hw t best live ur lives in ways that can nly be captured by fictin. We recgnize that sme nvels are entertaining, but leave n lasting impressin. What makes a nvel mre than entertainment?
Our answer is that we dn't just read great bks - they read us as well. The human cnditin is cmplex and cntradictry, layered like an ice-cream dessert, with flavrs mixed amng the layers. A great nvel reflects that cmplexity. We may read it several times, as we d with ur favrites, and each time it is like finding an ld friend and gaining new insights frm that friend. We put it dwn with new understandings f the wrld arund us and, mst imprtant, f urselves.
Let's lk at the nvel Frankenstein, written in 1818 by Mary Shelley. Frankenstein is nt the mnster, but a yung man seeking ut the secrets f the universe. He cllects bdy parts and charges it with life. When the dull yellw eyes pen, hwever, Frankenstein, shcked by what he has dne, abandns the creature, which ultimately kills Frankenstein's brther, his bride, and his best friend.
On ne level, Frankenstein is entertaining - a gd hrrr stry, thugh a little dated. But Shelley writes mre than just that. On a deeper level, her bk frces us t ask whether humans reach t far t gain knwledge that is as frbidden as the fruit f the Garden f Eden. This theme, as ld as the legend f Prmetheus (普罗米修斯), dminates Frankenstein. Shelley, f curse, knew nthing f genetic (遗传的) engineering that happens tday. She was deeply trubled by what human beings might discver abut themselves, and the effects f thse discveries n sciety. Our reading f great literature can als be enriched by understanding the authr's persnal interests and anxieties.
8.Hw des the authr feel abut fictin reading?
A. It is a windw t a whle new wrld.
B. It helps us discver the frntiers f science.
C. It ffers insight int hw t live best lives.
D. It hlds sme clues t understanding ur memry.
9.Why des the authr say great bks read us as well?
A. Because they deserve reading several times.
B. Because they lead us t a rich and clrful life.
C. Because they explre humans' cmplex reality.
D. Because they imprve the writer-reader relatinship.
10.What d we knw abut the nvel Frankenstein!
A. It is based n a grand theme. B. It is a recrd f a histric event.
C. It is merely a great hrrr stry. D. It is abut the legend f Prmetheus.
11.What is the best title f the text?
A. Why shuld we read fictin? B. Can nvel reading last lng?
C. Read fr fun r read fr nne? D. Is Frankenstein really entertaining?
阅读理解
Windws are a key cmpnent in a building's design, but they are als the least energy- efficient part. Accrding t a 2009 reprt by the United Natins, buildings accunt fr 40 percent f glbal energy usage, and windws are respnsible fr half f that energy cnsumptin. If cnventinal windws are used t better blck sunlight passing int a building, they need expensive catings. Even s, they can nt adjust the indr temperature effectively.
Scientists at the Nanyang Technlgical University, Singapre (NTU) have develped a smart liquid windw panel that can help. By creating a mixture f micr-hydrgel (水凝胶), water, and a stabilizer, they fund that it can effectively reduce energy cnsumptin in a variety f climates. Thanks t the hydrgel, the mixture becmes hard-t-see- thrugh when expsed t heat, thus blcking sunlight, and, when cl, it returns t its riginal clear state. The high heat capacity f water allws a large amunt f heat energy t be stred instead f getting transferred thrugh the glass and int the building during the ht daytime when ffice buildings mainly perate. The heat will then be gradually cled and released at night when the staff are ff duty.
As a prf f cncept, the scientists cnducted utdr tests in ht (Singapre, Guangzhu) and cld (Beijing) envirnments. The Singapre test revealed that the smart liquid windw had a lwer temperature (50°C) during the httest time f the day (nn) cmpared t a nrmal glass windw (84°C), The Beijing tests shwed that the rm using the smart liquid windw cnsumed 11 percent less energy t maintain the same temperature cmpared t the rm with a nrmal glass windw. They als measured when the highest value f stred heat energy f the day ccurred. This "temperature peak" in the nrmal glass windw was 2 pm, and in the smart liquid windw was shifted t 3 pm. If this temperature peak shift leads t a shift in the time when a building needs t draw n electrical pwer t cl r warm the building, it shuld result in lwer energy charges fr users. The research team is seeking ways t cut dwn the cst f prducing the smart windw and s far, they have fund several industry partners t cmmercialize it.
12.What is the disadvantage f cnventinal windws?
A. They are expensive. B. They are nt heatprf.
C. They cntribute less t energy saving. D. They can't blck light int the building.
13.Hw des a smart liquid windw panel wrk t cl buildings?
A. By taking in much f heat energy. B. By returning t its riginal clear state.
C. By getting mst f sunlight transferred. D. By spreading sunlight in different directins.
14.Accrding t paragraph 3, what is the value f the temperature peak shift?
A. It will make the windws lng-lasting.
B. It culd help the building users reduce csts.
C. It makes the buildings rely n n electrical pwer.
D. It helps the windws maintain a cnstant temperature.
15.What can we expect f the smart windw in the future?
A. It will be unaffrdable. B. It needs t be further imprved.
C. It will be widely used in the city. D. It will cme nt the market sn.
二、任务型阅读（共5小题;每小题3分，满分15分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选。选项中有两项为多余选。
Hw t Cpe When Life Des Things We Can't Cntrl
Stuff happens in life.16. We neither see the difficulties cming, nr have cntrl t stp them. The result, f curse, is mre anxiety and stress than we knw. Here are appraches that can help us mve thrugh what life thrws us.
• Thrw ur inner victim a life jacket. When life becmes messy, it ften feels easier t just thrw up ur hands and assume we can't d anything.17. Being a victim ften allws us t pretend we are fine and chse t feel srry fr urselves. While we can't change what has happened, nne f us are pwerless. Cnsider finding a stress supprt grup r calling a htline. We all have the pwer t chse ur next step in life.
•18. When we are under stress, the natural tendency is t "talk things thrugh" with ur friends and lved nes.19. Writing things dwn n paper can be an amazing way t make the facts clear and keep them straight. The prcess f mving thught t hand makes it harder fr us t lie t urselves. The mre we get t the truth f ur situatin, the mre we can surce ways t deal with it. We might als benefit frm writing dwn ur ideas fr managing ur situatin.
• Switch up ur perspective (视角). 20. It rarely is. Instead, it's a perspective. Imagine life is a statue, and that a circle f peple surrunds the statue, hw many mre angles are there t see things frm than the ne yu are standing at? Smetimes a new perspective can put us int a better mindset.
A. Be hnest — n paper.
B. It des wrk, but nt always.
C. This is a frm f victim mde.
D. And ften, difficult stuff happens.
E. Therefre, life may thrw us a curve ball.
F. Get supprt — frm ur friends and lved nes.
G. Many f us believe what we think is the whle truth.
三、完形填空（共20小题，每小题2分，满分40分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最 佳选。
My husband Mike waved a stick in my face, pulling my attentin back t the very imprtant task at hand. As I lked up, I saw ur dg Bagel's 21 cmmanding t make the next mve.
Frm ur first encunter, Bagel's stare has said everything that she culd nt 22 ut. Twelve years after 23 Bagel, we understd each ther better than ever. This summer we decided t 24 the ccasin with a rad trip.
We 25 urselves n a Vancuver Island beach, mre than 1,500 miles frm ur 26 in Nrthern Clrad. Maximum 27 required the whle family's invlvement and participatin. Bagel reminded me as she waited fr me t 28 ur game f fetch. Hlding my eyes with hers, she threw her head back and sent her 29 directly t me: "Hey lady, yu're suppsed t be 30 t. It's yur turn!” I tk the 31 frm Mike and as far as I culd, 32 it int the water. Within secnds she 33 drpping the stick at my feet with a bark, " 34 ! "
As I watched my aging dg walk arund like a puppy, I knew we had made ur decisin 35 but when we planned this 36 we realized that it culd be ne f her last. Fr the last cuple f years, ld age had finally begun t 37 energy and strength.
As she ages, it is becming increasingly difficult t 38 the fact that Mike and I will almst 39 utlive her. And cnsequently, it feels mre imprtant than ever that we shuld celebrate, rather than 40 the limited time we have left.
四、语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Fr many peple in the wrld, fd waste has becme a habit: buying mre fd than we need at markets, 41. (let) fruit and vegetables spil at hme r taking mre than we can eat.
These habits put extra pressure 42. ur natural resurces and damage ur envirnment. When we waste fd, we waste s much labur, effrt, 43. (invest) and the precius resurces that g int prducing it, nt t mentin the resurces in transprting and prcessing it. In shrt, wasting fd increases greenhuse gas emissins and 44. (cntribute) t climate change.
It's 45. urgent issue. In fact, tns f fd is lst r wasted 46. (glbal) every day. The part f fd that is lst frm harvest up t, but nt including, the retail level is called fd lss. The part wasted at the cnsumer r retail level 47. (refer) t as fd waste. We make this distinctin t address thse rt 48. (cause) f this prblem, a prblem that everyne frm farmers and prducers t custmers can help end.
Reducing fd lss and waste is essential in a wrld 49. millins f peple g hungry every day. When we reduce waste, we respect that fd is nt a given. It's up t us 50. (change) ur habits t make nt wasting fd a way f life!
五、短文改错(共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分)
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1）每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2）只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
My aunt is a well-knwn artist. Her paintings are such lifelike that they always give me much pleasures. My aunt always reminds me f that there is mre than ne way f interpreting a painting. In my pinin, art is suppsed t shared. It is a frm f cmmunicatin. I culdn't agree with her much. When viewers lk at a wrk f art, they were bringing with them all their life experiences as well as previus memries. That ne experiences will nt be exactly the same as smene else's when face with the same piece. Perhaps that's where its truly beauty lies.
六、书面表达（满分25分）
52.假定你是李华，你校将组织百人唐诗英译比赛,请给外教Alice写封邮件，邀请她做评委，内容包括：
1）发出邀请；
2）比赛介绍；
3）请她提供建议。
注意：
1）词数100左右。
2）开头结尾已给出。
答案解析部分
一、阅读理解（共15小题，每小题3分，满分45分）
【答案】 1.A
2.B
3.D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了一个针对高中生名为The Harvard Pre—Cllege的项目，以及这个项目的具体食宿课程安排信息。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
1.考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“In this cllegial setting, yu will practice the art f healthy debates, learn t cmmunicate clearly n cmplex tpics, and deliver presentatins n yur wn research, all under the guidance f Harvard instructrs fr a true Ivy League experience. At the end f the prgram, yu will receive a written evaluatin frm yur instructr”在这个学院的环境中，你将练习健康辩论的艺术，学会在复杂的话题上清晰地交流，并在哈佛导师的指导下发表自己的研究报告，以获得真正的常春藤联盟经验。课程结束时，您将收到导师的书面评估。可知，此处是对该计划的概述。故选A。
2.考查细节理解。根据Curse: Cllege Writing部分中的“ • Jul 1 — Jul 22, Thurs. t Sat., 8:00 — 11:30 am”课程：大学写作 •7月1日至7月22日，周四。至周六，上午8:00-11:30，可知，如果你在七月的星期五上午有空，可以选大学写作课。故选B。
3.考查细节理解。根据Curse: The Ecnmics f Cities部分中的“We examine a range f majr urban issues frm an ecnmic view: traffic and transprtatin; water, public health and the rle f cities in generating ecnmic grwth and technlgical innvatin.”我们从经济学的角度研究了一系列主要的城市问题：交通和运输；水、公共卫生和城市在促进经济增长和技术创新方面的作用。可知，如果你对城市公共卫生感兴趣，应该选择托马斯·谢伊·希尔的城市经济学。故选D。
【答案】 4.B
5.A
6.A
7.D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一项针对乌鸦的大脑是如何工作的研究。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息的基础上，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。
4.考查推理判断。根据第一段“Wearing a caveman mask, Dr. Jhn Marzluff walks acrss the campus at the University f Washingtn in Seattle. Crws (乌鸦) circle and squawk (尖叫), diving at him and away. ”约翰·马兹拉夫博士戴着穴居人面具走过西雅图华盛顿大学的校园。乌鸦们围着他呱呱叫着，向他俯冲而去；以及第二段中的“Beneath the mask, he smiles.”面具下，他笑了。可知，Jhn Marzluff笑了，因为他意识到他的戏弄乌鸦的把戏起作用了。故选B。
5.考查词义猜测。根据第二段 “At first, nly the banded birds reacted aggressively t the peple in masks. But in later tests, mre and mre crws jined in, and even when the banded birds were nt arund. ‘Crws think and dream, fight and play, reasn and take risks,’ he says.” 一开始，只有戴上带子的鸟对戴着面具的人有攻击性反应。但在后来的测试中，越来越多的乌鸦加入了进来，甚至当被绑上带子的鸟不在身边时也是如此。“乌鸦会思考和做梦，会打架和玩耍，会思考和冒险，”他说。可知，划线词所在句意为“它们的行为方式把我们搞糊涂了”。由此推知，划线词指的是“乌鸦们的行为方式”。故选A。
6.考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“At first, nly the banded birds reacted aggressively t the peple in masks. But in later tests, mre and mre crws jined in, and even when the banded birds were nt arund. ”一开始，只有戴上带子的鸟对戴着面具的人有攻击性反应。但在后来的测试中，越来越多的乌鸦加入了进来，甚至当被绑上带子的鸟不在身边时也是如此，可知，乌鸦是一种社交性的鸟类；以及最后一段中的“Mre than 10 years after the first mask experiment, campus crws still scld the ‘cavemen’. Crws als recgnize peple wh are kind t them. Crws are always watching us... and they remember.”第一次面具实验已经过去10多年了，校园里的乌鸦们还在骂“山顶洞人”。乌鸦也会认出对它们友善的人。乌鸦总是盯着我们……它们记得。可知，乌鸦很聪明、也善于观察。故选A。
7.考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“Surprisingly, the scientists fund that when the crw saw the ‘danger’ mask, ne part f its brain became active. When the crw saw the ‘care and feeding’ mask, a different part f its brain lit up. The team has shwn that crws use the same parts f their brains fr recgnitin that humans d — smething that was nt knwn befre!”令人惊讶的是，科学家发现当乌鸦看到“危险”面具时，它大脑的一部分开始活跃。当乌鸦看到“照顾和喂养”面具时，它大脑的不同部分亮了起来。研究小组发现，乌鸦用大脑中与人类相同的部分来进行识别，这是以前所不知道的。可知，乌鸦用大脑的不同部位执行任务。故选D。
【答案】 8.C
9.C
10.A
11.A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了为什么要读小说，以及小说带来的好处。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
8.考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“we als learn much abut hw t best live ur lives in ways that can nly be captured by fictin.”我们也学到了很多关于如何以只有小说才能捕捉到的方式最好地生活的知识。可知，此处想要表示读小说提供了如何过上最好生活的见解。故选C。
9.考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“we dn't just read great bks - they read us as well. The human cnditin is cmplex and cntradictry, layered like an ice-cream dessert, with flavrs mixed amng the layers. A great nvel reflects that cmplexity.”我们不只是阅读伟大的书籍-他们也阅读我们。人类的情况是复杂而矛盾的，像冰淇淋甜点一样分层，层层之间混合着各种味道。一部伟大的小说反映了这种复杂性。可知，伟大的书探索了复杂的现实。故选C。
10.考查推理判断。根据第五段中的“On a deeper level, her bk frces us t ask whether humans reach t far t gain knwledge that is as frbidden as the fruit f the Garden f Eden. This theme, as ld as the legend f Prmetheus，dminates Frankenstein.”在更深的层面上，她的书迫使我们去问，人类是否达到了太远的程度而无法获得像伊甸园的果实那样被禁止的知识。这个主题，就像普罗米修斯的传说一样古老，支配着弗兰肯斯坦。可知，此处表示小说《弗兰肯斯坦》有更深层次的意义，这个主题，像普罗米修斯的传说一样古老，可推知，这本书是基于一个宏大的主题。故选A。
11.考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“We ften hear friends ask why they shuld read fictin.”我们经常听到朋友问他们为什么要读小说；以及“Why shuld they spend their scarce ‘free time’reading fictin, the purpse f which, at best, is nly entertainment?”他们为什么要把自己稀缺的“空闲时间”花在阅读小说上，而小说的目的充其量只是娱乐？可知，此处想要讨论的是我们为什么要读小说。故选A。
【答案】 12.C
13.A
14.B
15.D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了智能液体窗面板。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
12.考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“we als learn much abut hw t best live ur lives in ways that can nly be captured by fictin.”我们也学到了很多关于如何以只有小说才能捕捉到的方式最好地生活的知识。可知，此处想要表示读小说提供了如何过上最好生活的见解。故选C。
13.考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“The high heat capacity f water allws a large amunt f heat energy t be stred instead f getting transferred thrugh the glass and int the building during the ht daytime when ffice buildings mainly perate.”水的高热容量使大量的热能得以储存，而不是在炎热的白天通过玻璃传递到建筑物中，而办公楼主要是在白天运行。可知，智能液体窗面板通过吸收大量热能来冷却建筑物。故选A。
14.考查推理判断。根据中的“the rm using the smart liquid windw cnsumed 11 percent less energy t maintain the same temperature cmpared t the rm with a nrmal glass windw.”使用智能液体窗的房间比使用普通玻璃窗的房间要少消耗11%的能量来保持相同的温度；以及“This‘temperature peak’ in the nrmal glass windw was 2 pm, and in the smart liquid windw was shifted t 3 pm. If this temperature peak shift leads t a shift in the time when a building needs t draw n electrical pwer t cl r warm the building, it shuld result in lwer energy charges fr users. ”正常玻璃窗的“温度峰值”为下午2点，智能液体窗的“温度峰值”为下午3点。如果这种温度峰值偏移导致建筑物需要用电来冷却或加热建筑物的时间发生偏移，则应该会降低用户的电费。可推知，温度峰值偏移的价值是节约成本。故选B。
15.考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“The research team is seeking ways t cut dwn the cst f prducing the smart windw and s far, they have fund several industry partners t cmmercialize it.”该研究团队正在寻找降低智能窗生产成本的方法，到目前为止，他们已经找到了几个行业合作伙伴将其商业化。可知，研究团队已经找到了合作伙伴将其商业化。由此推知它应该很快就会上市。故选D。
二、任务型阅读（共5小题;每小题3分，满分15分）
【答案】 D；C；A；B；G
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了当生活中发生了我们无法控制的事情时，我们该如何应对。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇生活类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
16.根据空前“Stuff happens in life.”生活中总会发生一些事情；以及空后“We neither see the difficulties cming, nr have cntrl t stp them.”我们既看不到困难的到来，也没有能力阻止它们。可知，生活中总会发生一些我们无法预测和控制的困难事情。可知，D. And ften, difficult stuff happens.“经常会发生困难的事情”符合语境，故选D。
17.根据上文中的“When life becmes messy, it ften feels easier t just thrw up ur hands and assume we can't d anything. (当生活变得一团糟时，我们更容易放手，认为自己什么都做不了)”及下文“Being a victim ften allws us t pretend we are fine and chse t feel srry fr urselves.(成为受害者常常让我们假装自己很好，并选择为自己感到难过)”可知，此处在介绍一种受害者模式的表现。由此可知，C项This is a frm f victim mde. (这是受害者模式的一种形式)符合题意，其中victim是关键词。故选C。
18.根据空后“Writing things dwn n paper can be an amazing way t make the facts clear and keep them straight. The prcess f mving thught t hand makes it harder fr us t lie t urselves. The mre we get t the truth f ur situatin, the mre we can surce ways t deal with it. ”把事情写在纸上是一种让事实清晰明了的神奇方式。将思想移动到手上的过程使我们更难对自己撒谎。我们越了解我们处境的真相，就越能找到解决它的方法)”可知，本段主要讲述的是写下自己的真实情况。由此可知，A. Be hnest — n paper. “诚实——写在纸上”符合语境，概括本段主旨。故选A。
19.根据空前“When we are under stress, the natural tendency is t ‘talk things thrugh’ with ur friends and lved nes.”当我们处于压力之下时，自然的倾向是与我们的朋友和爱人“谈事情”；以及空后“Writing things dwn n paper can be an amazing way t make the facts clear and keep them straight.”把事情写在纸上是一种让事实清晰明了的神奇方式，及常识可知，与我们的朋友和爱人“谈事情”确实有效，但并不总是有效，所以我们才选择把事情写在纸上。由此可知，B. It des wrk, but nt always. “它确实有效，但并不总是有效”能够承上启下，符合语境。故选B。
20.根据空后“It rarely is. Instead, it's a perspective. Imagine life is a statue, and that a circle f peple surrunds the statue, hw many mre angles are there t see things frm than the ne yu are standing at? ”很少是这样的。相反，这是一种视角。想象生活是一尊雕像，雕像周围围了一圈人，相比你所站的角度，你看东西的角度有多少个？可知，我们应该改变我们的视角。可知，G. Many f us believe what we think is the whle truth. “我们中的许多人相信我们认为的全部事实”能够与下文形成逻辑转折关系，符合语境，故选G。
三、完形填空（共20小题，每小题2分，满分40分）
【答案】 21.A；22.C；23.D；24.B；25.C；26.A；27.B；28.D；29.A；30.C；31.B；32.D；33.A；34.C；35.B；36.D；37.A；38.B；39.C；40.D；
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了我和丈夫迈克还有我们狗狗的旅行，并且在这场旅行中体会到了我们要珍惜时间。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
21.句意：我抬头一看，看到我们的狗百吉饼的眼睛在命令我们下一步行动。A. eyes“眼睛”；B. head“头”；C. heart“心脏”；D. figure“数字”。根据下文“Frm ur first encunter, Bagel's stare has said everything that she culd nt speak ut.”可知，此处表示从我们第一次见面开始，百吉饼的眼神已经说出了她说不出的一切。故选A。
22.句意：百吉饼的眼神已经说出了她说不出的一切。A. jump“跳”；B. kick“踢”；C. speak“说”；D. turn“转动”。此处想描述狗的眼神想表达的意思。故选C。
23.句意：收养百吉饼12年后，我们比以往任何时候都更了解对方。A. examining“检查”；B. seizing“抓住”；C. adring“热爱”；D. adpting“收养”。根据上文“Frm ur first encunter”以及“Twelve years after”可知，此处想表示已经收养了百吉饼12年。故选D。
24.句意：今年夏天，我们决定用一次公路旅行来庆祝这一时刻。A. equip“装备”；B. celebrate“庆祝”；C. decrate“装饰”；D. prvide“提供”。根据上文“Twelve years after adpting Bagel, we understd each ther better than ever.”可知，此处表达我们已经很了解对方，所以想庆祝一下。故选B。
25.句意：我们发现自己在温哥华岛的海滩上，距离我们科罗拉多州北部的家1500多英里。A. adapted“使适应”；B. abandned“抛弃”；C. fund“发现”；D. expsed“暴漏”。根据句意可知，此处表示我们发现自己位于的海滩距离科罗拉多州北部的家1500英里。故选C。
26.句意：距离我们科罗拉多州北部的家1500多英里。A. hme“家”；B. destinatin“目的地”；C. htel“宾馆”；D. exit“出口”。根据下文“Maximum fun required the whle family's invlvement and participatin.”可知，此处表示家的意思。故选A。
27.句意：最大的乐趣需要整个家庭的参与。A. level“层次”；B. fun“乐趣”；C. preference“偏好”；D. mvement“运动”。根据句意可知，此处表示整个家庭都参与才是最大的乐趣。故选B。
28.句意：百吉饼提醒我，她在等我继续我们的接球游戏。A. update“更新”；B. lse“失去”；C. change“改变”；D. cntinue“继续”。根据下文“reminded me as she waited fr me t”可知，此处表示继续我们的游戏。故选D。
29.句意：把头往后仰，直接朝我叫道：“嘿，女士，你也应该玩的。A. bark“吠叫”；B. whisper“低语”；C. silence“安静”；D. tune“音调”。根据句意可知，此处应是百吉饼朝我叫道，因为百吉饼是只狗，故选A。
30.句意：嘿，女士，你也应该玩的。A. teaching“教”；B. sitting“坐”；C. playing“玩”；D. hiding“隐藏”。根据下文“It's yur turn”可知，此处表示轮到这位女士来玩了。故选C。
31.句意：我从迈克手里接过棍子，尽可能地把它扔进水里。A. panel“嵌板”；B. stick“枝条”；C. ball“球”；D. bne“骨头”。根据上文“My husband Mike waved a stick in my face”可知，此处表示的是从迈克接过棍子。故选B。
32.句意：尽可能地把它扔进水里。A. guided“指导”；B. rlled“翻滚”；C. pushed“推”；D. threw“扔”。根据上文“I tk the stick frm Mike”可知，此处表示把木棍扔进水里。故选D。
33.句意：几秒钟后，她又回来了，把棍子扔在我脚边。A. returned“返回”；B. hesitated“犹豫”；C. appeared“出现”；D. passed“通过”。根据下文“Again”可知，此处表示狗狗回来了，再一次把棍子扔在了我脚边。故选A。
34.句意：又来了。A. N“不”；B. Sure“确定”；C. Again“再一次”；D. Fine“好”。根据上文“Within secnds she returned drpping the stick at my feet with a bark”可知，此处表示狗狗再一次把木棍扔在了我的脚边。故选C。
35.句意：当我看着我年迈的狗像小狗一样四处走动时，我知道我们做了明智的决定。A. patiently“耐心地”；B. wisely“明智地”；C. directly“直接地”；D. hpelessly“绝望地”。此处表示我看到我年迈的狗可以像小狗一样有活力时很欣慰，所以我是做了一个明智的选择。故选B。
36.句意：但当我们计划这次旅行时，我们意识到这可能是她最后的一次旅行。A. party“派对”；B. match“比赛”；C. visit“参观”；D. trip“旅行”。根据上文“This summer we decided t celebrate the ccasin with a rad trip.”可知，此处表示计划的这场旅行。故选D。
37.句意：年老终于开始剥夺她的精力和力量。A. rb her f“剥夺”；B. warn her f“警告”；C. shw interest in“对……有兴趣”；D. give way t“向……妥协”。根据上文“Fr the last cuple f years”可知，狗狗已经很年老了，此处表示她的精力和力量被年老剥夺。故选A。
38.句意：随着年龄的增长，越来越难以忽视我和迈克几乎肯定会比她长寿的事实。A. ensure“确保”；B. ignre“忽视”；C. frget“忘记”；D. suspect“怀疑”。根据语境可知，狗狗年龄越来越大，总有一天会离开我和迈克。故选B。
39.句意：越来越难以忽视我和迈克几乎肯定会比她长寿的事实。A. bitterly“伤心地”；B. simply“简单地”；C. certainly“肯定地”；D. hardly“几乎不”。此处表示狗狗的寿命一定会比人短，所以我和迈克肯定会比狗狗长寿。故选C。
40.句意：因此，我们比以往任何时候都更应该庆祝，而不是哀悼我们所剩的有限时间。A. face“面对”；B. treasure“珍惜”；C. witness“目击”；D. murn“忧伤”。根据文中“we shuld celebrate, rather than”中的关键词rather than可知，此处表示转折，应该珍惜时间而不应该哀悼。故选D。
四、语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
【答案】 letting；n；investment；cntributes；an；glbally；is referred；causes；where；t change
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了食物浪费的现象及产生的影响，并呼吁人们停止食物浪费。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及非谓语动词，介词，名词，冠词，副词，时态语态，。定语从句以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
41.句意：对于世界上的许多人来说，食物浪费已经成为一种习惯：在市场上购买比我们需要的更多的食物，让水果和蔬菜在家里变质，或者带走比我们能吃的更多的食物。此处与buying和taking是并列成分，形式相同，故填letting。
42.句意：这些习惯给我们的自然资源带来额外的压力，破坏我们的环境。put pressure n sth.固定短语，“对某事施加压力”。故填n。
43.句意：当我们浪费食物时，我们浪费了如此多的劳动力、精力、投资和用于生产食物的宝贵资源，更不用说运输和加工食物的资源了。此处与labur/effrt/resurces是并列成分，也应使用名词形式，作waste的宾语，investment“投资”，不可数名词。故填investment。
44.句意：简而言之，浪费食物增加温室气体排放，导致气候变化。此处与 increases是 并列谓语，也应使用一般现在时，使用第三人称单数形式。故填cntributes。
45.句意：这是一个紧急的问题。此处泛指“一个紧急的问题”，应使用不定冠词，urgent是以元音音素开头的词，故填an。
46.句意：事实上，全球每天都有成吨的食物损失或浪费。此处修饰谓语动词，应使用副词。故填glbally。
47.句意：在消费者或零售层面被浪费的部分被称为食物浪费。此处描述的是目前的情况，应使用一般现在时，与主语是逻辑动宾关系，应用被动语态，主语The part是单数概念。故填is referred。
48.句意：我们进行这种区分是为了解决这个问题的那些根源，这个问题从农民、生产者到消费者，每个人都可以帮助解决。根据空前thse可知，此处使用名词复数形式。故填causes。
49.句意：在这个每天有数百万人挨饿的世界上，减少粮食损失和浪费至关重要。此处是限定性定语从句，先行词是wrld，在从句中作地点状语，应使用关系副词where引导。故填where。
50.句意：改变我们的习惯使不浪费食物成为一种生活方式是我们的责任！此处it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式短语。故填t change。
五、短文改错(共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分)
51.【答案】 ①such →s ②pleasures →pleasure ③删除that前的f ④my →her ⑤shared前加be ⑥much →mre ⑦were →are ⑧That →What ⑨face →faced ⑩truly →true
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了自己对绘画解读的个人看法。
①句意：她绘画是如此逼真，以至于总是给我带来许多乐趣。因为lifelike是形容词。such修饰名词，s修饰形容词和副词。所以此处是s+adj.+that句型，意为“如此……以至于……”。故such改为s。
②句意：她绘画是如此逼真，以至于总是给我带来许多乐趣。pleasure“乐趣”是不可数名词。故pleasures改为pleasure。
③句意：我姑姑总是提醒我，解读一幅画的方式不止一种。remind sb. f sth.固定短语，“提醒某人某事”，remind sb. that“提醒某人……”。此处是that引导的从句，f多余。故删除that前的f。
④句意：在她看来，艺术应该被分享。根据语境可知，此处指“姑姑的观点”，应用her。故my改为her。
⑤句意：在她看来，艺术应该被分享。share与主语art是逻辑动宾关系，应用被动语态，be suppsed t d sth.“应该做某事”，be动词使用原形。故shared前加be。
⑥句意：我完全同意她的看法。此处是“否定词+比较级”，表示最高级，culdn't agree mre“完全同意”。故much改为mre。
⑦句意：当观众观看一件艺术作品时，他们带着他们所有的生活经历和以前的记忆。根据语境可知，此处描述的客观事实，应用一般现在时。故were改为are。
⑧句意：当你面对同样的东西时，你所经历的与别人的并不完全相同。此处是主语从句，连接词在从句中作experience的宾语，指代“经历的事情”，应用连接代词what引导；that引导名词性从句，不作成分、无实意。故That改为What。
⑨句意：当你面对同样的东西时，你所经历的与别人的并不完全相同。当时间、条件状语从句的主语与主句主语一致，且有be动词时，可以省略从句的主语及be动词；本句的完整句子是What ne experiences will nt be exactly the same as smene else's when ne is faced with the same piece.。故face改为faced。
⑩句意：也许这就是它真正的美丽所在。此处修饰名词beauty，应用形容词。故truly改为true。
【点评】考查短文改错，本题考点涉及副词，名词，介词，代词，语态，时态，主语从句，非谓语动词以及形容词等多个知识点的考查，覆盖面广，综合性强，难度较大，区分度高。
六、书面表达（满分25分）
52.【答案】 Dear Ms. Alice,
Hw is everything ging? I am Li Hua, a student f yurs. I am writing t invite yu t be the judge f a translatin cmpetitin f Tang petry.
Mre than 100 students have signed up and they are suppsed t email a translated pem t the rganizing cmmittee. After the mass-selectin, the tp ten candidates shall make it t the final, which is t be held in schl lecture hall at 3 pm next Tuesday. They will translate an appinted pem n the spt and recite the translatin afterwards. Their perfrmance shall be assessed by bth Chinese and freign judges.
Enclsed is the prcedure f the cmpetitin and yur cmments shall be highly valued. We are lking frward t yur attendance.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇英文信件，要求考生以李华的身份给外教Alice写封邮件，邀请她做评委。写作背景：你校将组织百人唐诗英译比赛。写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：1）发出邀请；
2）比赛介绍；3）请她提供建议。提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如： I am Li Hua, a student f yurs. 运用了同位语；Mre than 100 students have signed up and they are suppsed t email a translated pem t the rganizing cmmittee. 运用了并列句；After the mass-selectin, the tp ten candidates shall make it t the final, which is t be held in schl lecture hall at 3 pm next Tuesday. 运用了非限制性定语从句；Enclsed is the prcedure f the cmpetitin and yur cmments shall be highly valued. 运用了并列句。21. A. eyes
B. head
C. heart
D. figure
22. A. jump
B. kick
C. speak
D. turn
23. A. examining
B. seizing
C. adring
D. adpting
24. A. equip
B. celebrate
C. decrate
D. prvide
25. A. adapted
B. abandned
C. fund
D. expsed
26. A. hme
B. destinatin
C. htel
D. exit
27. A. level
B. fun
C. preference
D. mvement
28. A. update
B. lse
C. change
D. cntinue
29. A. bark
B. whisper
C. silence
D. tune
30. A. teaching
B. sitting
C. playing
D. hiding
31. A. panel
B. stick
C. ball
D. bne
32. A. guided
B. rlled
C. pushed
D. threw
33. A. returned
B. hesitated
C. appeared
D. passed
34. A. N
B. Sure
C. Again
D. Fine
35. A. patiently
B. wisely
C. directly
D. hpelessly
36. A. party
B. match
C. visit
D. trip
37. A. rb her f
B. warn her f
C. shw interest in
D. give way t
38. A. ensure
B. ignre
C. frget
D. suspect
39. A. bitterly
B. simply
C. certainly
D. hardly
40. A. face
B. treasure
C. witness
D. murn